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2023

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Rethinking “Damage-Centered” Research And Individual Solutions: Cultural Humility As A Framework To Increase Student Diversity In Undergraduate Stem Departments, Anita Chikkatur, Stephanie Valle Jan 2023

Rethinking “Damage-Centered” Research And Individual Solutions: Cultural Humility As A Framework To Increase Student Diversity In Undergraduate Stem Departments, Anita Chikkatur, Stephanie Valle

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This study examines data from a participatory research action study on the experiences of underrepresented students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields at a small liberal arts college in the United States. Our analysis aims to move away from the framework that students needed to be taught how to cope with and overcome the challenges they faced in their STEM experiences, including racism and sexism. Instead, we propose a stronger focus on how to end racist, sexist, and other forms of discrimination. We draw on the concept of “cultural humility” as a concrete framework that professors, departments, and …

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Addressing The Gap Of Informal Science Field Experiences In Science Methods Courses, Christina L. Mcdaniel, Colton M. Wilder, Cecile M. Arquette Jan 2023

Addressing The Gap Of Informal Science Field Experiences In Science Methods Courses, Christina L. Mcdaniel, Colton M. Wilder, Cecile M. Arquette

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Preservice teachers in science education courses do not generally experience informal, authentic science education practices in their fieldwork. This study used the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning to frame a study that integrated informal science teaching experiences with a university teacher education science methods course. The results showed improvement in participant preservice teachers' ability to teach science content, their self-confidence in teaching science, and their ability to connect what they learned in their methods course in a real-life setting.

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Standards-Based Grading In Difficult Times: Precalculus Student Perceptions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rachel Epstein Jan 2023

Standards-Based Grading In Difficult Times: Precalculus Student Perceptions During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rachel Epstein

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Standards-based grading is an alternative grading system that gives students multiple opportunities to demon-strate proficiency in course standards or objectives. It has the potential to provide flexibility and reduce student anxiety, which are particularly important during difficult times such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, stu-dents in a Precalculus course using standards-based grading between Spring 2021 and Spring 2022 were surveyed about how the pandemic had affected their learning and the benefits and challenges of standards-based grading. The students who took the course in Spring 2021, whose previous learning was least affected by the pandemic, were most likely to …

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Investigating Pore Body, Pore Throat, Nano-Pore Wettability Preference In Several Unconventional Kuwaiti Carbonate Reservoirs, Saleh Al-Sayegh, Ralph E. Flori, Hussain Alajaj, Waleed Hussien Al-Bazzaz Jan 2023

Investigating Pore Body, Pore Throat, Nano-Pore Wettability Preference In Several Unconventional Kuwaiti Carbonate Reservoirs, Saleh Al-Sayegh, Ralph E. Flori, Hussain Alajaj, Waleed Hussien Al-Bazzaz

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study will investigate measuring the wettability contact angles of native unconventional tight carbonate as well as other unconventional pore system reservoir samples that hosts varied pore shapes and subsequent wettability contact angle distributions in both reservoir matrix and possible natural fractures. Also, the investigation will include validation of the grain/ pore-wall wettability regions and classify the natural wettability preference available inside pores of the rock and their overall wettability performance and recovery efficiency contributions. Further investigation will include modeling pore throat contact angle wettability, and to understand their new physics that will advance reservoir characterization and oil recovery improvement.

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Kuwaiti Carbonate Reservoir Oil Recovery Prediction Through Static Wettability Contact Angle Using Machine Learning Modeling, Saleh Al-Sayegh, Ralph E. Flori, Waleed Hussien Al-Bazzaz, Hasan Al-Saedi, Mostafa Al-Kaouri, Ali Qubian Jan 2023

Kuwaiti Carbonate Reservoir Oil Recovery Prediction Through Static Wettability Contact Angle Using Machine Learning Modeling, Saleh Al-Sayegh, Ralph E. Flori, Waleed Hussien Al-Bazzaz, Hasan Al-Saedi, Mostafa Al-Kaouri, Ali Qubian

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The objective of this study is to predict EOR efficiencies through static wettability contact angle measurement by Machine Learning (ML) modeling. Unlike conventional methods of measuring static wettability contact angle, the unconventional digital static wettability contact angle is captured and measured, then (ML) modeled in order to forecast the recovery based on wettability distribution phenomenon. Due to success in big data collection from reservoir imaging samples, this study applies data science lifecycle logic and utilizes Machine Learning (ML) models that can predict the recovery through wettability contact angles and thus identify the treatment of oil recovery for a candidate reservoir. …

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Using Self-Efficacy Theory To Design Arduino Instruction For Novices: A Replication Study, Donald M. Johnson, Michael Pate, Chris Estepp, George W. Wardlow Jan 2023

Using Self-Efficacy Theory To Design Arduino Instruction For Novices: A Replication Study, Donald M. Johnson, Michael Pate, Chris Estepp, George W. Wardlow

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations

A replication study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of an instructional treatment based on self-efficacy theory when used with novice Arduino microcontroller users. Students (n = 32) in an introductory university agricultural systems technology course participated in a lesson on Arduino microcontrollers, circuit breadboarding, and Arduino programming which included four hands-on practice tasks, designed to provide students with positive mastery, vicarious and social persuasion experiences. Next, students completed a laboratory activity and were provided additional opportunities for mastery, vicarious, and social persuasion experiences. The one-group pretest-posttest design indicated the instructional treatment had significant (p < .001) and large effects in increasing students’ interest in Arduino, breadboarding self-efficacy, programming self-efficacy, and Arduino knowledge. These findings were consistent with the original study and provided additional evidence for self-efficacy theory as an effective model for developing instruction for novice Arduino users. Students’ written comments provided additional insight concerning the instructional treatment.

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Policing Protest: Speech, Space, Crime, And The Jury, Jenny E. Carroll Jan 2023

Policing Protest: Speech, Space, Crime, And The Jury, Jenny E. Carroll

Articles

Speech is more than just an individual right-it can serve as a catalyst for democratically driven revolution and reform, particularly for minority or marginalized positions. In the past decade, the nation has experienced a rise in mass protests. However, dissent and disobedience in the form of such protests is not without consequences. While the First Amendment promises broad rights of speech and assembly, these rights are not absolute. Criminal law regularly curtails such rights - either by directly regulating speech as speech or by imposing incidental burdens on speech as it seeks to promote other state interests. This Feature examines …

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The Credibility Effect: Defamation Law And Audiences, Yonathan A. Arbel Jan 2023

The Credibility Effect: Defamation Law And Audiences, Yonathan A. Arbel

Articles

What should be the legal response to false statements? In the context of defamation law, courts try to set a standard that balances the interests of speakers and their potential targets. This article empirically demonstrates an unappreciated effect of such decisions on third parties: a credibility effect. Using a series of lab experiments, I find that defamation law makes individuals more trusting of reports from various media. This credibility effect is desirable when the report is true but can lead to unintended consequences in the case of misinformation. In particular, the credibility effect is shown to cast a stigma on …

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The Validity And Reliability Of Assessments Through Telemedicine: An Evidence-To-Practice Review, Connor L. Givens, Gabrielle A. Griffin, Matthew D. Johnson, Zachary K. Winkelmann Jan 2023

The Validity And Reliability Of Assessments Through Telemedicine: An Evidence-To-Practice Review, Connor L. Givens, Gabrielle A. Griffin, Matthew D. Johnson, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

The validity and reliability of telemedicine assessments has been explored through numerous studies. Telemedicine is a diagnostic tool that combines visual technology, audio technology, and tools for assessment. The assessment of musculoskeletal disorders is a key portion in the field of athletic training. The development of telemedicine assessment tools has improved over time but has not yet been perfected. Data was collected via four databases that included articles examining validity, inter- and intra- rater reliability, and telemedicine assessment for musculoskeletal tests. The reviews of the systematic review used Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) and quality appraisal tool for …

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Return-To-Tennis Considerations And An Elusive Diagnosis For A Cuboid Avulsion Fracture: A Disablement Model Case Study, Grant G. Yee, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Zoe J. Foster Jan 2023

Return-To-Tennis Considerations And An Elusive Diagnosis For A Cuboid Avulsion Fracture: A Disablement Model Case Study, Grant G. Yee, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Zoe J. Foster

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

This disablement-model case study is focused on a 23-year-old NCAA Division I men’s tennis player that sustained an injury in a competitive singles tennis match. Upon initial examination, the athletic trainer diagnosed the individual with an anterior talofibular ligament sprain and treated conservatively. The patient experienced significant disruptions to his activities of daily living due to his difficulties with ambulation during the early stages of his recovery. Interestingly, the patient was eventually diagnosed with a cuboid avulsion fracture. Midfoot fractures are uncommonly experienced in the general population, and are particularly uncommon in tennis athletes, making them difficult to recognize. Clinical …

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Review Of Diagnostic Accuracy Of The Ottawa Knee Rules In Adult Acute Knee Injuries, Sean L. Glover, Amy M. Loveless, Sara A. Posson, Zachary K. Winkelmann Jan 2023

Review Of Diagnostic Accuracy Of The Ottawa Knee Rules In Adult Acute Knee Injuries, Sean L. Glover, Amy M. Loveless, Sara A. Posson, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Acute knee injuries are commonly found in athletic populations. The wide range of knee injuries can present a challenge deciding which injuries require imaging. Currently, radiography is considered the gold standard of imaging for knee fractures. However, imaging is often costly not only for the patient, but also for the healthcare system. Since imaging is expensive, it is critical that clinicians decipher which patients require such testing. The Ottawa Knee Rules (OKR) is a predictor tool created by Stiell et al in 1995 to help clinicians accurately distinguish potential knee fractures from non-fractures for imaging purposes. The OKR guidelines state …

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Of A College Student With A Prosthetic Limb: A Disablement Model Case Study, Sara A. Zilvetti, Amanda Y. Young, Jeff Stein, Scott E. Lawrance Jan 2023

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Of A College Student With A Prosthetic Limb: A Disablement Model Case Study, Sara A. Zilvetti, Amanda Y. Young, Jeff Stein, Scott E. Lawrance

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

This case examines a 19-year-old male college student with a left anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) secondary to a motor vehicle accident (MVA). The accident caused numerous severe injuries to both lower limbs including untreatable right lower leg injuries, leading to a right below knee amputation, and a left ACL tear. Before the accident, the patient was a varsity cross country and track athlete expecting to continue in college. Six weeks following surgical reconstruction, the patient reported to the rehabilitation clinic for standard ACLR rehabilitation practices including lower leg and proximal hip strengthening, attaining full knee ROM, and balance exercises. …

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Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment In Female Collegiate Tennis Athlete: A Disablement Model Case Study, Sarah Branning, Neeru Jayanthi, Zachary K. Winkelmann Jan 2023

Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment In Female Collegiate Tennis Athlete: A Disablement Model Case Study, Sarah Branning, Neeru Jayanthi, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

A 19-year-old female, NCAA Division I collegiate tennis player presented with a burning and aching sensation halfway up the lateral portion of her right calf following an extensive period spent in a squatting position. This discomfort began distal to the fibular head, then ran along her lateral calf, reached into her ankle, and wrapped behind the lateral malleolus. Initially, the patient only noticed this discomfort during long durations of physical activity. However, she began to report symptoms with activities of daily living (ADLs) and following workouts. The patient first received a working diagnosis of a stress reaction along the mid …

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Effects Of Social Determinants Of Health And Diabetes On A Lower Extremity Workplace Injury: A Disablement Model Case Study, Bridget L. Davidson, Richelle M. Williams, Sean M. Rogers Jan 2023

Effects Of Social Determinants Of Health And Diabetes On A Lower Extremity Workplace Injury: A Disablement Model Case Study, Bridget L. Davidson, Richelle M. Williams, Sean M. Rogers

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

This clinical case study involves a 36-year-old male patient who injured his right lower leg while working in the kitchen at a county correctional institution. The mechanism of injury involved the patient getting his foot caught under a wooden pallet, losing his balance, and then catching himself on his right leg in a twisting motion. The injury led to the patient seeking care in the emergency department and was diagnosed with a nonspecific strain of the right triceps surae muscle group. Upon discharge, the patient was referred to outpatient athletic training services within the hospital system. Follow-up care provided by …

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Prioritizing Patient-Centered Care When Integrating Athletic Training Students Into Clinical Practice, Amber Kingsley, Amy L. Fraley, Krista M. Richards, Matthew J. Drescher, Zachary K. Winkelmann Jan 2023

Prioritizing Patient-Centered Care When Integrating Athletic Training Students Into Clinical Practice, Amber Kingsley, Amy L. Fraley, Krista M. Richards, Matthew J. Drescher, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Athletic trainers are responsible for the patient care of student-athletes but also can be responsible for the education and mentorship of athletic training (AT) students through the role of preceptor. ATSs require extensive first-hand clinical experiences to prepare them for autonomous practice but must first feel comfortable with the skills they have learned to apply them in clinical practice. The unique clinical experience these ATSs experienced was the combined experience of a graduate assistant athletic trainer preceptor who also assisted as a teaching assistant in the classroom. This allowed the preceptor to help the ATSs expand on the information provided …

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University Football Player With Hoffa’S Fat Pad Syndrome: A Disablement Model Case Study, Kaitlyn Jones, Kristy Dao, Zachary K. Winkelmann Jan 2023

University Football Player With Hoffa’S Fat Pad Syndrome: A Disablement Model Case Study, Kaitlyn Jones, Kristy Dao, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

A 23-year-old university football player presented with acute onset anterior knee pain with no distinct mechanism of injury. The pain began soon after the start of fall football camp and prevented the patient from participating in team activities, including weights and practices. Along with pain, the patient experienced edema, decreased knee flexion range of motion, and an antalgic gait. The findings of the evaluation of this patient were consistent with Hoffa’s fat pad syndrome, an inflammatory and impingement condition of the infrapatellar fat pad that is often a rare diagnosis of exclusion. Conservative treatment was used for this patient, which …

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Knowledge Of And Attitudes Toward Native American And First Nations People Among Ncaa Division I Athletic Trainers, L E. Trail, L K. Warner, B J. Warner, M Decker, S A. Cage Jan 2023

Knowledge Of And Attitudes Toward Native American And First Nations People Among Ncaa Division I Athletic Trainers, L E. Trail, L K. Warner, B J. Warner, M Decker, S A. Cage

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Introduction: Current literature shows that Native Americans people experience more health care disparities relative to other ethnic and racial groups. Previous research has also shown that these healthcare disparities are present in pediatric and young adult Native American populations. As healthcare professionals who will potentially treat these populations, it is important to understand the knowledge of and attitudes toward Native Americans people among athletic trainers. The purpose of this pilot study was to describe the knowledge of, and attitudes and opinions of National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division I athletic trainers toward Native Americans. Methods: An electronic survey (Table 1) …

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The Impact Of Video-Assisted Education On Knowledge And Retention Compared To Paper Education Material, K M. Nance, M J. Drescher, L E. Eberman, M J. Rivera Jan 2023

The Impact Of Video-Assisted Education On Knowledge And Retention Compared To Paper Education Material, K M. Nance, M J. Drescher, L E. Eberman, M J. Rivera

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: When educating patients, clinicians must be effective to assure patients understand their treatment plan and abide by such to achieve optimal outcomes. Teaching methods that stimulate more than one sense more positively impact learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to compare paper and video-assisted education at the point-of-care with the aim of changing patient education and local practice in a system for individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasties (THAs). Methods: We used a randomized cohort design to explore patient knowledge and retention and educational method at the point-of-care. We compared the current education method (paper) to video-assisted materials …

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Using Historical Thinking Strategies For Improving Elementary Students’ Content Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Social Studies, Lydia Burnett, Joshua Cuevas Dr. Jan 2023

Using Historical Thinking Strategies For Improving Elementary Students’ Content Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Social Studies, Lydia Burnett, Joshua Cuevas Dr.

Georgia Educational Researcher

Instructional time spent on elementary social studies is often marginalized due to the emphasis placed on other content areas. Therefore, social studies teachers must employ meaningful instructional strategies that will engage students while promoting content acquisition. This quasi-experimental study responds to this challenge by guiding a sample of 44 fifth grade students to use the historical thinking skills of sourcing, contextualizing, and corroborating that encourage engagement with a variety of primary sources through the lens of Jerome Bruner’s learning theories. The control group used traditional instructional methods including close-note taking, vocabulary review, and independent reading from social studies texts. Both …

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Using Blockchain For Enabling Transparent, Traceable, And Trusted University Ranking Systems, Ammar Battah, Khaled Salah, Raja Jayaraman, Ibrar Yaqoob, Ashraf Khalil Jan 2023

Using Blockchain For Enabling Transparent, Traceable, And Trusted University Ranking Systems, Ammar Battah, Khaled Salah, Raja Jayaraman, Ibrar Yaqoob, Ashraf Khalil

All Works

Ranking systems have proven to improve the quality of education and help build the reputation of academic institutions. Each of the current academic ranking systems is based on different methodologies, criteria, and standards of measurement. Academic and employer reputations are subjective indicators of some rankings determined through surveying that is neither transparent nor traceable. The current academic ranking systems fall short of providing transparency and traceability features for both subjective and objective indicators that are used to calculate the ranking. Also, the ranking systems are managed and controlled in a centralized manner by specific entities. This raises concerns about fairness …

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Toward Modernization: Using Strategic Development To Address Deficits In The Juvenile Justice System, David A. Mcleod, Emily A. Roberts Jan 2023

Toward Modernization: Using Strategic Development To Address Deficits In The Juvenile Justice System, David A. Mcleod, Emily A. Roberts

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Journal

The Juvenile Justice System was established on the premise of rehabilitative action for behaviors that have led youth to the criminal justice system. However, the system has increasingly moved away from this original concept toward a punitive model. The authors present how this movement resulted in the devolution of human rights for the youth involved, a decrease in public safety, and a radical departure from fiscal responsibility related to the theoretical origins of rehabilitation. Studies on topics ranging from costs of correctional centers to trauma experienced by youth in these systems, along with many others, are compared to identify specific …

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Spatial Robustness: Double-Design And The Democratization Of Space, An Exploration Of Designing For Multiple Uses, Michael Cassidy Jan 2023

Spatial Robustness: Double-Design And The Democratization Of Space, An Exploration Of Designing For Multiple Uses, Michael Cassidy

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

Spatial Robustness: Double-design And The Democratization Of Space, An Exploration Of Designing For Multiple Uses by Michael Warren Arkinstall Cassidy Differing attitudes to the expected life and value of architecture characterize the sustainability debate, yet space itself is rarely mentioned. The buildings for which architecture is responsible comprise both space and materials. While it is taken for granted that some existing buildings can be reused productively, this cultural phenomenon has not influenced the design of the new stock. While content to revere old buildings, the qualities that make them valued have not influenced design principles for new projects. Should new …

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Reframing Museum Epistemology For The Information Age: A Discursive Design Approach To Revealing Complexity, Coral Manton Jan 2023

Reframing Museum Epistemology For The Information Age: A Discursive Design Approach To Revealing Complexity, Coral Manton

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

This practice-based research inquiry examines the impact of an epistemic shift, brought about by the dawning of the information age and advances in networked communication technologies, on physical knowledge institutions - focusing on museums. The research charts adapting knowledge schemas used in museum knowledge organisation and discusses the potential for a new knowledge schema, the network, to establish a new epistemology for museums that reflects contemporary hyperlinked and networked knowledge. The research investigates the potential for networked and shared virtual reality spaces to reveal new ‘knowledge monuments’ reflecting the epistemic values of the network society and the space of flows. …

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Octopus Optics: A Cross-Disciplinary Investigation Of Human Visual Bias In Narrative With Corresponding Writing Experiments Using Animal Focalisation, Stephanie Jane Cussans Moran Jan 2023

Octopus Optics: A Cross-Disciplinary Investigation Of Human Visual Bias In Narrative With Corresponding Writing Experiments Using Animal Focalisation, Stephanie Jane Cussans Moran

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

What is it like to be a human? If an octopus wrote an anthropology based on human depictions of octopuses then how might that reconfigure this existential question? This thesis addresses the posthuman problem of visual bias in animal storytelling practices by experimentally adopting the perspective of another highly visual animal - the octopus - through fiction. It seeks to question, find the edges, and feel the limitations of human representations of other animals and asks what doing so might say about our own naturalcultural perceptions and interpretations. In attending particularly to opticality in Anglophone storytelling, the thesis investigates ways …

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The Role Of Circadian Entrainment In Rice Blast Disease, Ciaran Griffin Jan 2023

The Role Of Circadian Entrainment In Rice Blast Disease, Ciaran Griffin

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

A circadian clock is present in some capacity in almost all forms of life, and is useful for a wide array of traits, but crucially allows organisms to predict future conditions and adapt their behaviour to synchronise with, and thrive under, their dynamic environment. Accordingly, plant environmental stress responses are gated in a circadian manner, including that for pathogenic defence and immunity. Comparatively less work has been carried out on the plant pathogens, but there are increasing reports of pathogens capable of rhythmically altering their behaviour and virulence-related traits. Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungal pathogen responsible for the destruction of enough …

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Towards The Validation Of Novel Cognitive And Physiological Indicators Of Affective State In Horses (Equus Caballus), Sarah Kappel Jan 2023

Towards The Validation Of Novel Cognitive And Physiological Indicators Of Affective State In Horses (Equus Caballus), Sarah Kappel

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Assessing animal emotions reliably is crucial for making accurate decisions about animal welfare, but subjective affective (emotional) states are inaccessible for direct measurement. We know that negative affect modulates attention in humans and some animals. The overarching aim of this thesis is to investigate if the preferential attention allocation towards certain information (i.e. attention bias, AB) could be a potential proxy measure of affective valence in horses. First, I provide an overview of the theoretical background to attention and AB by reviewing the literature on AB in humans and animals (Chapter 2). I examine which methodological aspects need consideration when …

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River Water Quality In Agricultural Areas • R (Sahota) V Herefordshire Council And Another [2022] Ewca Civ 1640, B Coupland, J Sellick, J Lowther Jan 2023

River Water Quality In Agricultural Areas • R (Sahota) V Herefordshire Council And Another [2022] Ewca Civ 1640, B Coupland, J Sellick, J Lowther

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Introduction. The issue at the heart of this judicial review relates to the maintenance of water quality in agricultural areas and where there is documented stress placed on river systems though nutrient run-off. Often this is caused through manure spreading and/or the use of chemical fertilisers. The case concerned a proposal for relatively small agricultural development, the consequences of which would be additional manure generation and land spread in the River Wye catchment. The river is noted as under pressure from such inputs and a challenge was brought against a decision of the respondent local authority to permit the proposed …

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Abnormal Thalamic Functional Connectivity Correlates With Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Physical Activity In Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Francesco Romanò, Robert W. Motl, Paola Valsasina, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Nicolò Bruschi, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Amber Salter, Brian M. Sandroff, Anthony Feinstein, Maria A. Rocca, Massimo Filippi Jan 2023

Abnormal Thalamic Functional Connectivity Correlates With Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Physical Activity In Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Francesco Romanò, Robert W. Motl, Paola Valsasina, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Nicolò Bruschi, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Amber Salter, Brian M. Sandroff, Anthony Feinstein, Maria A. Rocca, Massimo Filippi

School of Health Professions

BackgroundAltered thalamic volumes and resting state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) might be associated with physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in people with progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS).ObjectivesTo assess thalamic structural and functional alterations and investigate their correlations with PA/CRF levels in people with PMS.MethodsSeven-day accelerometry and cardiopulmonary exercise testing were used to assess PA/CRF levels in 91 persons with PMS. They underwent 3.0 T structural and RS fMRI acquisition with 37 age/sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Between-group comparisons of MRI measures and their correlations with PA/CRF variables were assessed.ResultsPMS people had lower volumes compared to HC (all p < 0.001). At corrected threshold, PMS showed decreased intra- and inter-thalamic RS FC, and increased RS FC between the thalamus and the hippocampus, bilaterally. At uncorrected threshold, decreased thalamic RS FC with caudate nucleus, cerebellum and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), as well as increased thalamic RS FC with occipital regions, were also detected. Lower CRF, measured as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), correlated with lower white matter volume (r = 0.31, p = 0.03). Moreover, lower levels of light PA correlated with increased thalamic RS FC with the right hippocampus (r = − 0.3, p = 0.05).DiscussionPeople with PMS showed widespread brain atrophy, as well as pronounced intra-thalamic and thalamo-hippocampal RS FC abnormalities. White matter atrophy correlated with CRF, while increased thalamo-hippocampal RS FC was associated to worse PA levels. Thalamic RS FC might be used to monitor physical impairment and efficacy of rehabilitative and disease-modifying treatments in future studies.

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The Nutritional Online Survey For Pregnancy Induced Sickness & Hyperemesis (Nourish) Study: Results From The First Trimester, Kate Maslin, Caitlin Dean, Jill Shawe Jan 2023

The Nutritional Online Survey For Pregnancy Induced Sickness & Hyperemesis (Nourish) Study: Results From The First Trimester, Kate Maslin, Caitlin Dean, Jill Shawe

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background:Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is severe pregnancy sickness,often leading to dehydration, weight loss and electrolyte disturbances. Little isknown about nutritional intake and its consequences in those affected. Theaim of this study was to explore thefirst trimester nutritional intake andclinical characteristics in those with severe sickness.Method:Recruitment was via the social media accounts of national pregnancycharities. The eligibility criteria were as follows: between 6 and 11 weekspregnant, age≥18 years and residing in the UK. Participants completed a self‐report online questionnaire including the Pregnancy Unique Quantification ofEmesis 24 (PUQE24) score and a 3‐day online diet diary. Groups werecompared by PUQE24 categories. Nutritional intakes were …

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Using Machine Learning To Identify Patterns In Learner-Submitted Code For The Purpose Of Assessment, Botond Tarcsay, Fernando Perez-Tellez, Jelena Vasic Jan 2023

Using Machine Learning To Identify Patterns In Learner-Submitted Code For The Purpose Of Assessment, Botond Tarcsay, Fernando Perez-Tellez, Jelena Vasic

Conference papers

Programming has become an important skill in today’s world and is taught widely both in traditional and online settings. Instructors need to grade increasing amounts of student work. Unit testing can contribute to the automation of the grading process but it cannot assess the structure or partial correctness of code, which is needed for finely differentiated grading. This paper builds on previous research that investigated machine learning models for determining the correctness of programs from token-based features of source code and found that some such models can be successful in classifying source code with respect to whether it passes unit …

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