Digital Commons Network^™

Public Land Management’S Future Place: Envisioning A Paradigm Shift, Sam Kalen

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Guilty Minds, Michael Serota

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Prescribing Exploitation, Charlotte A. Tschider

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Refining Clinician Workflow As A Means To Improving Catheter Quality Measures, Martina Clarke, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Brandon Fleharty, Justin R. Birge

Journal Articles: Hospital Medicine

Objective

This study aimed to improve the quality measure performance for indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) duration, central venous catheter (CVC) duration, and telemetry duration by redesigning clinical decision support (CDS) tools within the documentation process and order workflow.

Methods

The effectiveness of the redesign was evaluated using system standard quality reporting methodology to observe device duration, central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate, and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) rate preintervention (FY2017) and postintervention (FY2018). Electronic health record (EHR) reporting tools were used to evaluate CDS alert data both preintervention and postintervention.

Results

Total device duration and line days per patient days …

Factors Associated With Prevalent Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection And Disease Among Adolescents And Adults Exposed To Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis In The Household, Soyeon Kim, Anneke C. Hesseling, Xingye Wu, Michael D. Hughes, N. Sarita Shah, Sanjay Gaikwad, Nishi Kumarasamy, Erika Mitchell, Mey Leon, Pedro Gonzales, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Madeleine Lourens, Sandy Nerette, Justin Shenje, Petra De Koker, Supalert Nedsuwan, Lerato Mohapi, Unoda A. Chakalisa, Rosie Mngqbisa, Rodrigo Otávio Da Silva Escada, Samuel Ouma, Barbara Heckman, Linda Naini, Amita Gupta, Susan Swindells, Gavin Churchyard, Actg A5300/Impaact 2003 Phoenix Feasibility Study Team

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

BACKGROUND: Understanding factors associated with prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and prevalent TB disease in household contacts of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) may be useful for TB program staff conducting contact investigations.

METHODS: Using data from a cross-sectional study that enrolled index participants with rifampin-resistant pulmonary TB and their household contacts (HHCs), we evaluated HHCs age ≥15 years for factors associated with two outcomes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and TB disease. Among HHCs who were not already diagnosed with current active TB disease by the TB program, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was determined by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). TB disease was adjudicated …

Camas, Winter 2023

Camas

Nonfiction:

Degrees of Separation / Sierra Crane Murdoch -- Postmortem from the Hollywood Hills / Lisa Novick

Fiction:

Below / Lars Chinburg -- Heart on Fire / Kevin Chess -- Grace Ambassadors of Wisdom / Jamie Ogden

Poetry:

Liable / Thomas Dunn -- We Used to Talk About the Weather & The Fire / Daniel Callahan -- Body Parts / Donna Stewman -- Like Wildfire / Julie Lunde -- I Will Take You / Anna Winham -- Birds and Saints / Eve Muller -- Living Room / Lauren Tess -- Dream House / Bryce Johle -- Gramma …

Something Smells Fishy: How Lipid Mediators Impact The Maternal-Fetal Interface And Neonatal Development, Maranda Thompson, Arzu Ulu, Maheswari Mukherjee, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes, Melissa K. Thoene, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Teri Mauch, Ann Anderson-Berry, Corrine K. Hanson, Tara M. Nordgren, Sathish Kumar Natarajan

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Normal pregnancy relies on inflammation for implantation, placentation, and parturition, but uncontrolled inflammation can lead to poor maternal and infant outcomes. Maternal diet is one modifiable factor that can impact inflammation. Omega-3 and -6 fatty acids obtained through the diet are metabolized into bioactive compounds that effect inflammation. Recent evidence has shown that the downstream products of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids may influence physiology during pregnancy. In this review, the current knowledge relating to omega-3 and omega-6 metabolites during pregnancy will be summarized.

Retinol And Pro-Vitamin A Carotenoid Nutritional Status During Pregnancy Is Associated With Newborn Hearing Screen Results, Rebecca Slotkowski, Matthew Van Ormer, Anum Akbar, Olivia Paetz, Taija Hahka, Maranda Thompson, Alyssa Freeman, Alexandra Hergenrader, Sarah Sweeney, Zeljka Korade, Thiago Genaro-Mattos, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

The prenatal period is critical for auditory development; thus, prenatal influences on auditory development may significantly impact long-term hearing ability. While previous studies identified a protective effect of carotenoids on adult hearing, the impact of these nutrients on hearing outcomes in neonates is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal and umbilical cord plasma retinol and carotenoid concentrations and abnormal newborn hearing screen (NHS) results. Mother-infant dyads (n = 546) were enrolled at delivery. Plasma samples were analyzed using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. NHS results were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis …

Plasma Retinol Concentrations And Dietary Intakes Of Mother-Infant Sets In Singleton Versus Twin Pregnancy, Anum Akbar, Sarah Duvall, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Taija Hahka, Thiago Genaro-Mattos, Zeljka Korade, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Vitamin A (retinol) is essential for normal fetal development, but the recommendation for maternal dietary intake (Retinol Activity Equivalent, RAE) does not differ for singleton vs. twin pregnancy, despite the limited evaluation of retinol status. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate plasma retinol concentrations and deficiency status in mother-infant sets from singleton vs. twin pregnancies as well as maternal RAE intake. A total of 21 mother-infant sets were included (14 singleton, 7 twin). The HPLC and LC-MS/HS evaluated the plasma retinol concentration, and data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Plasma retinol was significantly lower in twin vs. singleton …

The Relationship Between Nutrition, Gut Dysbiosis, And Pediatric Sickle Cell Pain Outcomes: A Pilot Study, Chinenye R. Dike, Corrine K. Hanson, Dele Davies, Stephen Obaro, Fang Yu, James L. Harper, Helen Grace, Jeffrey Lebensburger, Chittalsinh M. Raulji, Jihyun Ma, Peter Mannon

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Nutritional deficiencies are prevalent in sickle cell disease (SCD) and may be associated with worse pain outcomes. Gut dysbiosis has been reported in patients with SCD and may contribute to both nutritional deficiencies and pain.

OBJECTIVES: We tested the association of nutrition, fat-soluble vitamin (FSV) deficiency, and gut microbiome composition on clinical outcomes in SCD. Second, we measured the association between diet and exocrine pancreatic function on FSV levels.

METHODS: Using case control design, we enrolled children with SCD (n = 24) and matched healthy controls (HC; n = 17, age, sex, race/ethnicity). Descriptive statistics summarized demographic and clinical …

The Pledging World Order, Melissa (M.J.) Durkee

Scholarship@WashULaw

There is an emerging world order characterized by unilateral pledges within a legal or “legal-ish” architecture of commitments. The pledging world order has materialized in the international legal response to climate change and in other diverse sites. It crosses and blurs the public-private divide. It erodes distinctions between multilateralism and localism, law and not-law, and progress and stasis. It is both a symptom of and a contributor to the dismantling of the Westphalian and postwar orders. Its report card is mixed: While pledging can be highly ineffective as a legal technology, the pledging world order may respond to some legitimacy …

Fourth Amendment Notice In The Cloud, Neil M. Richards, Jesse Lieberfeld

Scholarship@WashULaw

The widespread storage of documents through the range of Internet technologies known as “the cloud” offers tremendous convenience but also creates significant risks of exposure to third parties. In particular, law enforcement investigators seeking access to potentially relevant evidence have aggressively and extensively used the Electronic Communications Act of 1986 (“ECPA”) to execute digital searches. But a relatively obscure provision of ECPA, § 2703, allows law enforcement to search a person’s Fourth Amendment “papers” without them ever learning that a warrant has allowed the exposure of their private, sensitive, and possibly incriminating documents. What is more, federal and state law …

A Concrete Proposal For Data Loyalty, Neil M. Richards, Woodrow Hartzog, Jordan Francis

Scholarship@WashULaw

Congress and state legislators are finally experimenting with new privacy frameworks, rights, and duties to move past the thoroughly critiqued “notice and choice” model for data privacy. While many new privacy proposals seek a more fortified version of the fair information practices, some legislators have placed a duty of data loyalty at the heart of their proposed privacy bills. This is important because a duty of data loyalty has the potential to anchor American privacy law in a way analogous to how the European Union approach is grounded in fundamental rights of privacy and data protection.

Unfortunately, there remains some …

Punishment Externalities And The Prison Tax, Sheldon Evans

Scholarship@WashULaw

Punishment as a social institution has failed to live up to the quixotic ideals of theory and has descended into the practice of mass incarceration, which is one of the defining failures of this generation. Scholars have traditionally studied punishment and incarceration as parts of a social transaction between the criminal offender, whose crime imposes a cost to society, and the state that ensures the offender repays this debt by correcting past harms and preventing future offenses. But if crime has a cost that must be repaid by the offender, punishment also has a cost that must be repaid by …

The Great Plains And Growing Pains, Juliet Nisly

Neureuther Book Collection Essay Competition

Undergraduate winner: 1st place, 2023, 36th Annual Carl Neureuther Student Book Collection Competition

"One Book, Never Just One Story", Ella Dopke

Neureuther Book Collection Essay Competition

Undergraduate winner: 2nd place, 2023, 36th Annual Carl Neureuther Student Book Collection Competition

Social Enterprise Governance Post-Sox, Alina Ball

Faculty Scholarship

Social enterprises-nonprofit and for-profit businesses that use market-based strate­ gies to achieve social change for marginalized populations-demonstrate a new para­ digm for doing business in the United States. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ("SOX"), which transformed financial reporting and heightened internal controls for public com­ panies, has, perhaps unintentionally, also had an outsized influence on the development of social enterprise governance. The primary impact of SOX is found in the state-level auditing and reporting reforms imposed on large nonprofits. Moreover, "benefit re­ ports," the lynchpin of social enterprise state legislation, also mirror the SOX emphasis on transparency through third-party assessment. …

Self-Censoring On Social Media Sites, Talia A. Feshbach , '23

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

Many users of social media sites self-censor by using character replacements or euphemisms to obscure the language they are using. The reasons for doing so vary from trying to avoid other users finding their posts in searches to evading censorship from site administration to adapting to site culture. This paper seeks to answer whether or not there is an association between reasons for self-censoring and tactics used for self-censoring. It also examines three sites where self-censoring is in different forms and amounts - Tumblr, Twitter, and TikTok - and how the tactics and reasons for self-censoring appear on those sites. …

Transmission Competence Of B. Burgdorferi Infected Ixodes Ticks And Development Of An Ospc-Based Lyme Disease Vaccine, Samanta Kamalika

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction. Lyme disease, otherwise called Lyme borreliosis, is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb). Studying the increase in overall Lyme disease incidence requires understanding the role of the vector Ixodes scapularis (I. scapularis) as the agent that carries the spirochete which is important to limit the occurrence of Lyme disease. Once we understand the vector-pathogen response, it also becomes important to determine the remedies for Lyme disease. Lyme disease can be treated with antibiotics if detected early, but the major obstacle lies in the early detection process. Therefore, it is important to investigate alternative preventive …

Cultivating Connection: Fanua And Environmental Stewardship In Samoan Youth, Julia Stern , '25

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

This study explores how the concept of fanua is cultivated in Samoan youth. Fanua can be simply defined as land, but the term more deeply encompasses the inherent and reciprocal connection between Samoans and their natural environment. In a world increasingly disconnected with the natural world due to technology and globalization, Samoans have been able to maintain a strong connection with their environment. This study looks at the family, the formal schooling system, and other lived experiences of Samoan youth as mechanisms through which fanua is taught and learned. Eleven talanoa sessions were conducted with teachers, parents, and Samoan youth …

Functiontales, Belle Romea , '24

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

No abstract provided.

The Judicial Assault On The Administrative State Regulating Upheavals In The Securities Markets And Boardrooms, Joel Seligman

Scholarship@WashULaw

The most substantial change in the United States Government has been the extraordinary growth and increased complexity of the United States Government itself. George Washington initially was President of a country with a population of about four million, eleven States, and three Cabinet Departments (State, Treasury, and War). Washington’s Government had no standing army, no Social Security, Medicare or Medicaid, and no programs addressing the environment, labor, or health. In 1791, the Treasury Department had approximately 500 employees, the War Department had 12, the State Department, 8.

Today, the National Government has twenty-four Cabinet members. In 2023, there are 2.89 …

First Amendment Scrutiny: Realigning First Amendment Doctrine Around Government Interests, John D. Inazu

Scholarship@WashULaw

This Article proposes a simpler way to frame judicial analysis of First Amendment claims: a government restriction on First Amendment expression or action must advance a compelling interest through narrowly tailored means and must not excessively burden the expression or action relative to the interest advanced. The test thus has three prongs: (1) compelling interest; (2) narrow tailoring; and (3) proportionality.

Part I explores how current First Amendment doctrine too often minimizes or ignores a meaningful assessment of the government’s purported interest in limiting First Amendment liberties. Part II shows how First Amendment inquiry is further confused by threshold inquiries …

Out Of Bounds?: Abortion, Choice Of Law, And A Modest Role For Congress, Susan Frelich Appleton

Scholarship@WashULaw

This invited contribution to a symposium on the multiple intersections of family law and constitutional law grapples with the emerging problems of jurisdictional competition and choice of law in interstate abortion situations in the wake of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization—as abortion-hostile states seek to impose restrictions beyond their borders and welcoming states seek to become havens for abortion patients, regardless of their domicile. Grounded in a conflict-of-laws perspective, the essay lays out the interstate abortion chaos invited by Dobbs and the threat to our federal system that it presents, given Congress’s failure to codify a national right to …

The Unabridged Fifteenth Amendment, Travis Crum

Scholarship@WashULaw

In the legal histories of Reconstruction, the Fifteenth Amendment’s drafting and ratification is an afterthought compared to the Fourteenth Amendment. This oversight is perplexing given that the Fifteenth Amendment ushered in a brief period of multi-racial democracy and laid the constitutional foundation for the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This Article helps to complete the historical record and provides a thorough accounting of the Fifteenth Amendment’s text, history, and purpose.

This Article situates the Fifteenth Amendment within the broad array of constitutional provisions, federal statutes, fundamental conditions, and state laws that enfranchised—and disenfranchised—Black men during Reconstruction. This Article then performs …

The Fourth Amendment And General Law, Daniel Epps, Danielle D'Onfro

Scholarship@WashULaw

For decades, Fourth Amendment protections have turned on “reasonable expectations of privacy.” But a new era may be dawning. There is growing interest among judges and scholars in turning away from privacy toward property or positive law as the touchstone for Fourth Amendment protections. Yet many questions remain about how that approach should work, such as where judges should look for positive law and precisely what role positive law should play in Fourth Amendment analysis.

This Article answers those questions, and in so doing lays forth a new, comprehensive theory of the Fourth Amendment. We argue that courts should interpret …

Becoming The Administrator-In-Chief: Myers And The Progressive Presidency, Andrea Scoseria Katz, Noah A. Roseblum

Scholarship@WashULaw

In a series of recent cases, the Supreme Court has mounted an assault on the administrative state, guided by a particular vision of Article II. According to the Court’s scheme, known as the theory of the unitary executive, all of government’s operations must be housed under one of three branches, with the single head of the executive branch shouldering a unique and personal responsibility for the administration of federal law. The Constitution is thus said to require that the President have expansive authority to supervise or control the government’s many agencies.

Guiding each of the Court’s recent decisions is Myers …

Reflections On “Personal Responsibility” After Covid And Dobbs: Doubling Down On Privacy, Susan Frelich Appleton, Laura A. Rosenbury

Scholarship@WashULaw

This essay uses lenses of gender, race, marriage, and work to trace understandings of “personal responsibility” in laws, policies, and conversations about public support in the United States over three time periods: (I) the pre-COVID era, from the beginning of the American “welfare state” through the start of the Trump administration; (II) the pandemic years; and (III) the present post-pandemic period. We sought to explore the possibility that COVID and the assistance programs it inspired might have reshaped the notion of personal responsibility and unsettled assumptions about privacy and dependency. In fact, a mixed picture emerges. On the one hand, …

"We Give Them The Most Important Thing Possible. We Give Their Dreary Lives Excitement”: Toward A Theoretical Model Of Narrative Parasocial Engagement, Dominic Delbert Meyers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Video game narratives and characters are some of the most enjoyable and persuasive components of the video game industry. While narratives and character relationships within video games have been examined separately, there is no working model and little research attempting to bridge the connection between narratives and character relationships. This research combines Narrative Paradigm Theory and Parasocial Relationships to understand how narratives and character relationships influence each other in video game environments. This was done through rhetorical field methods, utilizing a focus group and narrative rhetorical analysis on the transcript of the focus group. Results provide a working model coined …

Modeling Of Transport In Anatomic Respiratory Airways: Applications In Targeted Drug Delivery And Airborne Pathogenic Transmissions, Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Akash

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis aims to explore the potential of improving the efficacy of drugs for treatment of viral infections by targeting the nasopharynx, which is commonly the first site of infection for many viral pathogens. Currently, intranasal sprays are used, but the standard protocol (“Current Use” or CU) results in suboptimal drug deposition at the nasopharynx. To address this issue, an “Improved Use” or, IU protocol has been proposed, which involves pointing the spray bottle at a shallower angle and aiming slightly towards the cheeks. The IU delivery is also robust to perturbations in spray direction, which highlights the practical utility …