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Overview On Gplates: Focus On Plate Reconstruction, Shatavisa Chatterjee, Soumyajit Mukherjee

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Plate tectonic reconstructions have been employed in geosciences since 1970s, in the context of hydrocarbon exploration, regional geology and paleobiology. Such studies have given valuable inputs for climate and geodynamic computations, present-day mantle structure, models of plate motion, and the interpretation of the drift of hotspots, true polar wander (TPW), sea level and stratigraphic signals. However, geodynamic models generated in the past by incorporating global plate tectonic reconstructions have limitations. To overcome this, GPlates software brings forward a new era of interactive plate tectonic reconstruction software integrated with GIS databases that incorporates a wide variety of geological and geophysical data. …

Growth Of The Imbrication Zone Along The Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt: Evidencefrom Fission Track Thermochronology From Gölbaşı Region (Se Turkey), Yusuf Topak

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

One of the major components of continental collision zones is their imbricated zones. Such a zone along the Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SAOB) is solely controlled by a still-active convergence and accretion system between the Anatolian Plate and Arabian platform since at least Late Cretaceous. The zone is characterized by NEE/SWW-trending, northward-dipping thrust slices that are squeezed between the Tauride Block to the north and the Arabian platform to the south. The units cropping out within the zone comprise Neo-Tethysrelated magmatic, ophiolitic, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks with Late Cretaceous to Miocene formation/metamorphism ages. The Karanlıkdere granitoid intrudes into Late Cretaceous …

Mineralogical, Petrological, And Geochemical Characteristics Of Şenkaya Chrysoprase,Turkey, Hami̇t Haluk Seli̇m, Aykut Güçteki̇n, Ferhan Şahi̇n, Mustafa Kaya, Beri̇l Kaya, Elanur Güner, Kami̇l Ömer Taş, Ahmet Karakaş, Yasemi̇n Kantarçeken

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Şenkaya chrysoprase is a gemstone and can be found near the Turnalı village located in the west-northwest of Şenkaya (Erzurum) county in the uplifted Kırdağ of Northeast Anatolia of Turkey. Chrysoprase only found in Şenkaya County and known with the same name commercially in Turkey is a light-dark green and cryptocrystalline structure gemstone encountered in the Örükyayla Mélange. Samples were collected from the field for defining mineralogical-petrographical, XRD, XRF, ICP-MS, optical cathodoluminescence microscopy (OCLM), FTIR-Raman and stable isotopic properties of Şenkaya chrysoprase. According to mineralogical and petrographic examination, Şenkaya chrysoprase has generally heterogeneous color distribution in macroscale and has 5 …

The Provenance Of Coarse-Grained Turbidite Sandstones In The Kırkgeçit Formation(Western Part Of The Elazığ Basin-East Turkey), Onur Alkaç, Ercan Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Modal analysis of sandstones for conglomerate rich marine basins is useful for investigating the provenance types surrounded by plate tectonics. Different kinds of siliciclastic rocks are important indicators for defining the paleogeography and geotectonic conditions of the sedimentary basin by provenance analysis. This paper, which focuses on the petrography and provenance of conglomerate rich turbidite systems, is one of the rarest studies on the sedimentary characteristics in the scientific literature. In this context, the study was carried out in the western part of the Elazığ Basin. The Middle Eocene?Oligocene basin infill called the Kırkgeçit Formation is characterised by the conglomerate …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Skill Assessment Of A High Resolution (1/72 Degree) Black Sea Ocean Model, Bi̇lge Tutak

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The skill of a high-resolution Black Sea circulation model (ROMS) is assessed using the available satellite and field data for Sea Surface Height Anomaly (SSHA), Sea Surface Temperature, and CTD profiles. The model is configured to simulate the 9-year period between 2012 and 2021. The model's skill is assessed using standard analytical methods for error calculation such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and correlation. Additionally, the model results are assessed using several more recent methods such as the relative operating characteristic (ROC). The results show that the model is capable of simulating daily mean SSHA with an RMSE value …

Hydrochemical Characteristics And Geothermometry Applications Of Thermal Waters Inthe Çürüksu Graben, Western Turkey, Ali̇ Gökgöz, Hali̇m Mutlu, Mehmet Ali̇ Akman

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

In this study, we investigate chemical and isotopic characteristics of low-temperature geothermal waters issuing from carbonate reservoirs in the Çürüksu Graben within the eastern termination of the Büyük Menderes Graben in western Turkey. Temperatures and pH values of geothermal waters vary from 20.1 to 24.6 °C and 6.62 to 7.11 and those of cold waters are 17.1 to 19.9 °C and 6.85 to 7.72, respectively. Geothermal waters are of Ca-HCO3 and Ca-SO4 types whereas cold waters are characterized by these two types and Mg-HCO3 as well. δ18O and δD values of samples vary from ?9.27‰ to -7.69‰ (VSMOW) and -58.06‰ …

Geochemical And Petrographic Approach For The Origin Of The Limestone Blocks Of Thewalls Of The Great Temple Of Hattusha, Çorum (N-Turkey), İsmai̇l Ömer Yilmaz, Andreas Schachner, İbrahi̇m Tonguç Uysal, Ezgi̇ Ünal İmer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The socle stones of the Great Temple in the Lower City of the Hittite capital city, Hattusha (Çorum Province) have been studied for the first time by petrographic and geochemical analysis (Sr isotope, stable isotope, and trace element geochemistry). Study objectives were to determine the carbonate facies of the stone samples used in the Great Temple and investigate their possible sources. Petrographic analysis of 10 limestone samples presents five clusters of different microfacies. Stable isotope (δ13C and δ18O) analysis displayed the presence of 5 groups in parallel with petrographic analysis. Trace element analysis of the same groups displayed considerable difference …

Walkaway Vertical Seismic Profiling (Wvsp) Modeling And Imaging Study Along Faultedcoal Seams Over A High Velocity Limestone Model: A Synthetic Study, Cemal Erdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The problem of collecting reflection data from the layers below a high velocity layer (HVL) and imaging those layers accurately is solved using walkaway vertical seismic profiling (WVSP) technique. The procedure is shown on a dataset from a model of highly faulted, thin-bedded coal layers separated by a high velocity layer of limestone. By locating the receivers above, in, and below the HVL, the reflections are expected to be recorded locally in situ in the borehole below the HVL before they travel back to the surface as in the case of surface seismic. The imaging results obtained from the model …

Updated Geochemical And Geothermometry Study On Ömer-Gecek Geothermal Area (Afyonkarahisar/Turkey), Can Başaran, Yusuf Ulutürk, Ahmet Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Ömer-Gecek region, one of the most critical geothermal areas of Afyonkarahisar, together with Western Anatolia, serves as a model for the integrated use of geothermal waters. As a result of the analysis made on the samples collected from the newly drilled wells, the chemical composition of the Ömer-Gecek geothermal waters, with a max temperature of 125 °C, has been determined as Na-Cl. The primary hydrochemical process affecting the chemical composition is silicate weathering. All the applied geothermometer methods showed that the water's maximum reservoir temperature was 120-130 °C. The calcite, dolomite, and aragonite minerals tend to precipitate. When compared …

Detrital Composition Of Triassic To Neogene Sandstones In The Sulaiman Fold-Thrust Belt, Pakistan: Implications For Pre- And Postcollisional Evolution Of The Northwestern Indian Margin, Shazia Fareed, Akhtar Kassi, Aimal Kasi, Namik Aysal

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Sandstones of the Triassic through Pliocene successions of the western Sulaiman Fold-Thrust Belt (SFTB), Pakistan, were studied, by polarizing microscope and using point-counting techniques, to determine systematic variations in detrital modes. The sandstones in the study area are categorized into pre- and postcollisional sandstone assemblages. The precollisional assemblage was deposited before the onset of collision of India with Eurasia (starting Late Cretaceous-Early Paleocene) and subcategorized as Wulgai- Mughal Kot, Bibai and Pab subassemblages. The postcollisional assemblage was deposited after the onset of collision and categorized as Ghazij and Urak subassemblages. The Wulgai-Mughal Kot subassemblage mostly comprises of highly quartzose sandstones …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Holocene Sedimentary History Of South Danamandıra Lake: A Peatland In West Of İstanbul, Çatalca Peninsula, Nw Turkey, Özlem Makaroğlu, Melda Küçükdemi̇rci̇, Nurgül Karlioğlu, Dursun Acar, Ali̇ Gürel, Rüya Yilmaz Dağdevi̇ren, Nuretti̇n Yakupoğlu, Asen Sabuncu, Damla Şahi̇n Altun, Mustafa Ömer Karaöz, Memet Namik Çağatay

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This study investigates the sedimentological evolution of the South Danamandıra Lake (SDL) lake in Çatalca Peninsula, 70 km west of İstanbul, using Georadar data and multiproxy analyses of five sediment cores. The lake is a 1.3-m deep, endorheic freshwater peatland, heavily colonised by common reed (Phragmites sp.). The multiproxy core investigations include a lithological core description and environmental magnetism, physical properties (gamma density and magnetic susceptibility), geochemical elemental, pollen and radiocarbon dating analyses. The lithological sequence in the lake consists of an upper peat unit and a lower sand-silt-clay unit. The peat unit is characterized by lower magnetic susceptibility, density …

Relative Tectonic Activity Assessment Of Kütahya Graben (Western Anatolia): Insights From Geomorphic Indices, Zeynep Kezer, Erman Özsayin

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Western Anatolia is known as one of the most seismically active regions in the world, consistent with earthquakes having a magnitude >6.0. The deformation in the region is predominantly controlled by normal faults, which play significant role on the morphological features as well as depositional processes in related grabens. WNW-trending Kütahya Graben is located at the northeastern part of this province and bounded by several N- and S-dipping active normal fault segments. This study aims to investigate the relative tectonic activity among the fault segments of the Kütahya Graben using geomorphic indices. The analyses of this study include mountain-front sinuosity …

Late Ediacaran Inertial-Interchange True Polar Wander (Iitpw) Event: A New Road To Reconcile The Enigmatic Paleogeography Prior To The Final Assembly Of Gondwana, Bin Wen, Cairong Luo, Yong-Xiang Li, Yanting Lin

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Ediacaran to Early Cambrian plate tectonics was dominated by a full dispersal of the supercontinent Rodinia and the subsequent amalgamation of Gondwana. There is a consensus that the final assembly of Gondwana was not completed until the Early Cambrian. Prior to the final assembly, however, one major uncertainty remains on the quantitative paleogeography: the mainland of Gondwana was plausibly positioned at either a high or low latitude at a single time instant to meet the dual-latitude ('high-latitude' and 'low-latitude') options of Laurentia and the requirement of

Sedimentary Records Of Trace Elements Contamination In Sediment Core From The Gulf Of Gemlik, Marmara Sea, Turkey: History, Contamination Degree, And Sources, Tuğçe Nagi̇han Arslan Kaya, Erol Sari, Mehmet Ali̇ Kurt

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The pollution history of aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and mercury (Hg) were evaluated using geochemical and sedimentological properties of two sediment cores. The MD22A contained a mass-flow unit and two coccolith units. The upper coccolith was characterized by high organic matter, but it was relatively depleted in terms of all studied elements, suggesting dilution by high inorganic carbon. In the mass-flow unit, the relatively high Cr, Co, Zn, and Hg levels suggested additional contamination sources from the Kocadere Stream and Kocasu River. The ranges of Al, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Pb, and …

A Preliminary Account On Devonian Trilobites From Arabian Plate, Se Turkey, Catherine Cronier, İzzet Hoşgör

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Recently, several Devonian localities and the related biota occurring from the southeastern Turkey were reinvestigated. Although, the Hakkari-Çukurca and the Diyarbakır-Hazro areas of the Arabian Plate are considered as an important source of the Devonian macrofossils from the north Arabian sector of Gondwana, the existing record of Devonian trilobites in these regions was hitherto unknown. We here report and illustrate for the first time Lower and Middle Devonian trilobites represented by three proetid pygidia and one calymenid pygidium. The morphological features of these pygidia suggest that they can be assigned to undetermined species of Gravicalymene (Calymenidae) and Podoliproetus (Proetidae), two …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Devonian Parathuramminids From Taurides, Southern Turkey, Recep Özkan

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Devonian shallow marine carbonate rocks of the Taurides (southern Turkey) host rich and diverse faunal assemblages of foraminifera including unilocular organisms of the family Parathuramminidae. This study allowed investigating the calcareous unilocular parathuramminid fauna obtained from three measured stratigraphic sections Halevikdere, Kocadere and Eceli in addition to one detailed, shorter section measured along the Halevikdere section. The investigation revealed that the parathuramminid species, which commonly occur in lagoonal environments, are widely distributed throughout the studied sections. They mostly exist in limestone beds deposited in a time interval from Middle Devonian (Eifelian) to Late Devonian (Frasnian). However, their richness and diversity …

Tectonomagmatic Reconstruction Of The Upper Mesozoic-Cenozoic Neotethyan Arcs In The Lut Block, East Iran: A Review And Synthesis, Reza Arjmandzadeh, Saeed Alirezaei, Alireza Almasi

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Lut Block in east Iran with a widespread record of arc-type Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatic rocks is bordered by the Birjand (Sistan) ophiolitic assemblage to the east and the Sabzevar ophiolitic assemblage to the north. The nature and tectonomagmatic setting of these sutures and associated arcs are controversial. The geochemical attributes of the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene intrusive and extrusive rocks in the central (CLB) and the northern Lut block (NLB) and in the Sabzevar ophiolite zone (SOZ), Late Cretaceous calc-alkaline and adakitic rocks to the east of the Sistan suture (CAS), and the Bazman intrusives to the west are consistent with a …

Nature And Crystallization Stages Of Spherulites Within The Obsidian: Acıgöl (Cappadocia- Nevşehir, Turkey), Bahatti̇n Güllü, Kiymet Deni̇z

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The study area comprises a part of the Central Anatolian Cenozoic volcanism within the Cappadocia Volcanic Province (CVP). Obsidian, perlite rhyolite flows, and volcanic ashes are observed in the study area and the spherulites within the obsidian are the objects of this study. The spherulites occupied within the obsidian in the form of round nodules 0.5-10 cm in diameter. The confocal Raman spectra of feldspar minerals within the spherulites are characterized by T-O-T and M-O lattice modes in the range of 100-250 cm^-1, O-T-O deformation and T-O-T lattice modes in the range of 250-350 cm^-1, and …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Analysis, Processing, And Migration Of The Marine 4-Component Walkaway Vsp Data Set From The Seg Seam-1 Gulf Of Mexico Salt Elastic Modelling Project: Synthetic Study, Cemal Erdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The four component (4C) walkaway vertical seismic profile (WVSP) marine elastic synthetic data set from the SEG's SEAM-1 salt modeling project in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) are examined, analyzed, processed, and migrated for P-P reflections using a reverse time prestack migration (RTM) algorithm to construct a subsurface image around the Well-1 VSP borehole. The imaging results from the three data sets; pressure-p, geophone vertical (z), and horizontal inline (x) components, have shown great successes in correctly locating and imaging sediments near and below the borehole as well as the vertical face of the salt, which is about 5 km …

Vertical Variations Of Minerals In Clayey Sedimentary Rocks In The Cores Of Two-Deep Exploration Wells From The Kozlu Coalfield (Zonguldak, Nw Türkiye), With Emphasis On Tonstein (Schieferton) Formation, Ali̇ İhsan Karayi̇ği̇t, Emi̇ne Sütcü, Abi̇di̇n Temel, Mustafa Ni̇yazi̇ Gündoğdu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The majority of Turkish bituminous coal resources are located in the Zonguldak Basin. The Carboniferous coal seams in the Alacaağzı, Kozlu, and Karadon formations have received interest. However, the detailed mineralogical compositions of clayey sedimentary rocks in coal-bearing sequences in the basin have been limited. This study aims to investigate vertical variations of mineralogical compositions of Carboniferous and Early Cretaceous clayey sedimentary rocks cored in the two-deep exploration wells (K20/K and K20/H) from the Kozlu coalfield using XRD and SEM-EDX analyses data. In addition, a special interest is also given to tonstein layers identified within the Kozlu and Karadon formations. …

Johnston Family Papers - Accession 1217, American Civil War, Thomas Jefferson Johnston, Robert James Johnston, Johnston Family, Huber Family, Nesbit Family, Stassen Family

Manuscript Collection

The Johnston Family Papers is a collection primarily focused on genealogical materials. Much of the content was gathered by Andrew D. Johnston, with significant contributions from family members. The collection includes genealogical research conducted by both Andrew D. Johnston and Patricia Andrews Johnston Treadwell. This research comprises Family Tree Maker files, pedigree charts, descendant reports, ahnentafel reports, family unit charts, grave records, family narratives, published genealogical resources, marriage announcements, and obituaries. Prominent family names in the collection include Johnston, Huber, Nesbit, Stassen, Wiedderecht, Glass, Briegel, and Boese.

In addition to the genealogical materials, the collection contains the personal papers of …

Assessment Of Genetic Variation Of Natural Populations Of Wild Cherry (Prunus Avium L.)Via Ssr Markers, Burcu Uzan Eken, Emrah Kirdök, Ercan Veli̇oğlu, Yelda Özden Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

Wild cherry (Prunus avium L, syn. Cerasus avium L. Moench.) is a widely spread forest tree that has ecological and economical importance. However, the genetic diversity of this species is threatened for many reasons. Therefore, a breeding and conservation program should be established in order to minimise the loss of genetic diversity. In this study, we aimed to understand the genetic structure of 440 individual wild cherries sampled from 22 different populations in Turkey using 10 SSR molecular markers. With the molecular variance analysis, we found that the genetic diversity within the population is approximately 88.5% and the genetic diversity …

Mining And Analysis Of Chloroplast Simple Sequence Repeats (Ssrs) From Eight Species Of Aquilaria, Muhammad Syahmi Hishamuddin, Ahmad Syazwan Samsuddin, Rozi Mohamed

Turkish Journal of Botany

Aquilaria is a tropical forest tree, producer of the famed and expensive agarwood. Aggressive collection of agarwood put strain on the natural stands of Aquilaria species, sparking efforts to domesticate the tree and cultivate agarwood in plantations. However, tree domestication progress is hampered by the scarcity of genomic resources that is crucial for breeding programs. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequences from eight Aquilaria species were analyzed in silico. For identification of the simple sequence repeats (SSRs), MISA PERL script which had a repeat length of 12 for mononucleotides (mono-), 6 for dinucleotides (di-), 4 for trinucleotides …

Karyomorphology, Ploidy Analysis, And Flow Cytometric Genome Size Estimation Of Medicago Monantha Populations, Homa Zarabizadeh, Ghasem Karimzadeh, Sajad Rashidi Monfared, Saeed Tarkesh Esfahani

Turkish Journal of Botany

Karayomorphological analysis and monoploid genome size (2Cx DNA) of 12 Iranian Medicago monantha populations are reported. Flow cytometric analysis were conducted on freshly collected seeds, using Solanum lycopersicum cv. Stupicke (2C DNA = 1.96 pg), as the internal reference standard. All populations were diploid with variable degrees of mixoploidy and two different chromosome numbers within each population. Totally, six chromosome numbers of 22, 28, 30, 32, 36, and 40 were identified. Twotyped chromosomes ("m", "sm") with a mean length of 1.65 µm (0.98-2.99 ?m) formed seven different karyotype formulas. Karyotypes were mostly symmetrical, implying the evolutionary effect of natural and …

Phenotypic Strategies For Jasione L. Or The Challenge That Taxonomy Face To Recent Floristic Responses Along Western Eurasia, João Rocha, Paulo Almeida, Rubén Ramírez-Rodríguez, Fátima Sales, Francisco Amich, Antonio Crespi

Turkish Journal of Botany

Jasione L. (Campanulaceae) is regarded as one of the recent floristic responses in western Eurasia. The characterization of the morpho-environmental fluctuating asymmetries (FA) to describe the phenotypic responses for Jasione L. is here exposed. Continuity is pointed out to describe these morpho-environmental responses, as a redundancy effect (RE), in accordance with the significant similarity involved. In this case, 327 individuals and 14 species were investigated (J. sphaerochephala Brullo, Marcenò & Pavone and J. idaea Stoj. synonymized as J. montana L. var. montana and J. supina Sieber ex Spreng. subsp. pontica (Boiss.) Damboldt). J. montana L. and J. heldreichii Boiss. & …

Current Nomenclature And Systematics Of Capsella Medik. With Lectotypifications:Towards Solving The Puzzle, Yelda Güzel

Turkish Journal of Botany

The taxonomic history of Capsella Medik., one of the genera with the highest phenotypic plasticity, and thus the highest synonym number relative to the recognized species number, was reviewed. The current systematics of the genus was discussed and the exact number of taxa was determined. In light of the molecular and nomenclatural data, it was decided that the genus was represented around the world by five species and one hybrid. Considering the molecular studies that have been conducted over the 30 years it was concluded that the species of this genus are typical examples of the concept of cryptic species. …