Digital Commons Network^™

College Access After Covid, Patrick J. O'Connor Phd

Journal of College Access

No abstract provided.

Incentivizing Distributed Energy Resource Participation In Grid Services, Tylor Slay, John M. Acken, Robert B. Bass

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The bulk power system is experiencing a dramatic shift as renewable generation growth continues to accelerate. Large-scale renewables adoption will help societies transition to a low-carbon, low-cost, and environmental-friendly electrical power system. However, the transition from a paradigm of generation following load to one where load follows generation will require large-scale interconnection and coordinated operation of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), supported by open communication protocols. In this future grid scenario, DER aggregations will provide critical grid services that enable high penetration levels of renewable generation. This position paper presents an Energy Service Interface (ESI) that defines scope for ensuring secure, …

Attitudes About Cybersecurity Articulation Agreements And Transfer Students: A Statewide Survey Of Faculty Members And Advisors, Brian K. Payne, Tracy Vandecar-Burdin, Daniela Cigularova

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

In this study, cybersecurity faculty and academic advisors from community colleges and 4-year universities in the southeast region of the United States completed a survey assessing attitudes about and support for articulation agreements and related transfer policies. Hypothesizing that professional structures shape attitudes and experiences, the researchers conducted an exploratory quantitative study with primarily descriptive analyses. The results reveal differences in attitudes between community college and 4-year stakeholders and between faculty and academic advisors. The results of this study are discussed in relation to faculty and advisor training and communication.

Distorted Reality: A Commentary On Dimarco Et Al. (2022) And The Question Of Male Sexual Victimization, B. Kennath Widanaralalage, Shon M. Reed, Maria João Lobo Antunes, Christina Dejong, Gillian M. Pinchevsky, Rachel Lovell, Cristy E. Cummings

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Our commentary responds to claims made by DiMarco and colleagues in an article published in this journal that the majority of victims of rape are men and that 80% of those who rape men are women. Although we strongly believe that studying male sexual victimization is a highly important research and policy endeavour, we have concerns with the approach taken by DiMarco and colleagues to discuss these incidents. Specifically, we critique their paper by addressing the definitions of rape used by the authors, questioning their interpretation of national victim surveys, evaluating their analysis of the underreporting of male rape, and …

Civiic: Cybercrime In Virginia: Impacts On Industry And Citizens Final Report, Randy Gainey, Tancy Vandecar-Burdin, Jay Albanese, Thomas Dearden, James Hawdon, Katalin Parti

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] Victimization from cybercrime is a major concern in Virginia, the US, and the world. As individuals and businesses spend more time online, it becomes increasingly important to understand cybercrime and how to protect against it. Such an understanding is dependent on valid and reliable baseline data that identifies the specific nature, extent, and outcomes of cybercrime activity. A better understanding of cybercrime activity is needed to target and prevent it more effectively, minimize its consequences, and provide support for both individual and corporate victims. Before that can occur, however, better baseline data are required, and this project was …

Research Directions For Historic Preservation Law, Sara C. Bronin

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Preservation laws govern an ever-increasing range of public and private activities affecting historic properties. Enacted at the federal, tribal, state, and local levels, these laws shape four aspects of preservation practice: designation, public obligations, private constraints, and financial incentives. Unfortunately, research on the scope and impact of these laws has been lacking. Whose history do we preserve? What costs are imposed by historic designation, and on whom? Do preservation regulations prepare us for climate change? Who are the regulators? What legal tools maximize economic activity in general, and equitable growth more specifically? Considering these and other unanswered questions, this chapter …

Feasibility And Applicability Of Evenson Sedentary Behavior Cut Points Applied To Children With And Wihtout Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Bethany Forseth, Paula E. Papanek, Michele Polfuss

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Aim

Sedentary behavior (SB) is widely studied as it is associated with cardiometabolic health and obesity issues. However, children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) have been understudied. Accelerometers are commonly used to measure SB in typically developing populations but may be inappropriate for IDD populations due to differences in body movement and physiologic responses to the activity. The use of Evenson sedentary cut-points, created based on typically developing children, has yet to be applied and/or examined in children with IDD.

Purpose

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to (1) Assess the feasibility of applying Evenson sedentary cut-points in children …

Maximal Strength In Relation To Force And Velocity Patterns During Countermovement Jumps, Michael H. Haischer, John Krzyszkowski, Stuart Roche, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Maximal strength is important for the performance of dynamic athletic activities, such as countermovement jumps (CMJ). Although measures of maximal strength appear related to discrete CMJ variables, such as peak ground reaction forces (GRF) and center-of-mass (COM) velocity, knowledge about the association between strength and the time series patterns during CMJ will help characterize changes that can be expected in dynamic movement with changes in maximal strength. Purpose: To investigate the associations between maximal strength and GRF and COM velocity patterns during CMJ. Methods: Nineteen female college lacrosse players performed 3 maximal-effort CMJs and isometric midthigh pull. GRF …

Resilience Among Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis: Pattern And Correlates, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Ariel Kidwell, Rachel E. Bollaert, Robert W. Motl

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

There is an increasing number of older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) who present with significant challenges associated with aging in conjunction with a chronic, disabling disease. Resilience has been associated with healthy aging in the general population, yet there is limited research on resilience and its correlates among older adults with MS. The current study investigated the difference in resilience between older adults with MS and demographically matched healthy controls. We then examined the associations between resilience and functional, symptomatic, socio-behavioral, and QOL outcomes, along with demographic and clinical characteristics, among only older adults with MS. Method: The …

Hip And Knee Joint Angle Patterns And Kicking Velocity In Female And Male Professional Soccer Players: A Principal Component Analysis Of Waveforms Approach, Archit Navandar, Kristof Kipp, Enrique Navarro

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study used principal component analysis (PCA) of waveforms to extract movement patterns from hip and knee angle time-series data; and determined if the extracted movement patterns were predictors of ball velocity during a soccer kick. Twenty-three female and nineteen male professional soccer players performed maximal effort instep kicks while motion capture and post-impact ball velocities data were recorded. Three-dimensional hip and knee joint angle time-series data were calculated from the beginning of the kicking leg’s backswing phase until the end of the follow-through phase and entered into separate PCAs for females and males. Three principal components (PC) (i.e., movement …

And Still, I Rise: Madre Poderosas In The Pursuit Of Work-Life Justice In Educational Leadership Roles, Janet Oseguera-Valencia

Dissertations

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to: (1) to describe and understand Latina leaders' experiences, perceptions, and challenges work-family conflict cause from an institutional, cultural, and individual lens; (2) and understand Latina leaders experiences, perceptions and helpful solutions work-life justice may create from an institutional, cultural, and individual lens. This study used quantitative data from a survey, and qualitative data from interviews. There were a total of sixty-three Latina leaders that participated in the survey and eighteen interviewed. The conceptual framework for this study centered around (1) a history of work-family conflict in educational leadership; (2) the complexities of …

Communal Storywork: Deaf Education And The Latine Community, Noralee Jasso

Dissertations

In order to challenge the dominant and deficit perspectives in deaf education, this study utilized a Critical Race Theory framework to examine Latine families with Deaf children as they are portrayed in literature across areas of policy, research, and practice. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews, this research project invited nine adult Latine family members with Deaf children to share their lived experiences with having a Deaf child as part of the family and within a California school. To center the experiences of Latine families with Deaf children as visible, legitimate and necessary constituents of their children’s educational journeys, this research required …

An Unconventional Pathway: A Qualitative Inquiry Into The Experience Of Racial Minority Transfer Students, Hanh My Mai Tran

Dissertations

Transfer students’ success is increasingly being discussed in higher education. A large population of transfer students includes racial minority, low-income, and first-generation college students. Due to the multiple layers of students’ identities, it has been difficult for educational leaders in institutions to grasp the essential elements needed to serve these students. As a result, this qualitative study contributes to this discussion and efforts to support the transfer student’s success. In this study, qualitative methods, including interviews with 14 students from 4-year universities and community colleges and a survey, were used to identify the steps and resources associated with supporting transfer …

Culturally Responsive School Leadership In Continuation High Schools: An Alternative Approach In Leadership Styles, Roberto C. Portillo

Dissertations

Continuation high schools and the students they serve are often invisible and ignored to most Californians. However, state school authorities estimate that over 115,000 California high school students will pass through one of the state's 519 continuation high schools each year, to either graduate with a diploma, or to drop out of school altogether (Austin & Dixon, 2008). Principals in these schools must be exceptional and well prepared. However, principals have been trained to implement culturally responsive school leadership at their sites. Eight continuation high school principals described their experiences regarding their preparation, supports, challenges and successes in implementing culturally …

Data Vu: Why Breaches Involve The Same Stories Again And Again, Daniel J. Solove

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This short essay discusses why data security law fails to effectively combat data breaches, which continue to increase. With a few exceptions, current laws about data security do not look too far beyond the blast radius of the most data breaches. Only so much marginal benefit can be had by increasing fines to breached entities. Instead, the law should target a broader set of risky actors, such as producers of insecure software and ad networks that facilitate the distribution of malware. Organizations that have breaches almost always could have done better, but there’s only so much marginal benefit from beating …

Taking Stock Of The “Compatibility Requirement”: What Limitations Does It Impose For High Seas Fishing?, Sean D. Murphy

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Under the contemporary law of the sea, coastal States enjoy sovereign rights within their exclusive economic zones (EEZs) to manage and exploit fishery resources. At the same time, States maintain the traditional freedom to fish on the high seas subject to some treaty obligations, including those arising from regional management fisheries organizations (RMFOs) and other treaties, such as (once it enters into force) the agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ agreement). Given that straddling stocks and highly migratory species of fish move with ease between EEZs and the high …

Compensation Under The Microscope: Wisconsin, Jeffrey Gutman, National Registry Of Exonerations

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Wisconsin has one of the nation’s oldest wrongful conviction compensation statutes, dating to 1913. It also rivals New Hampshire for offering exonerees with the least compensation. The Wisconsin Claims Board can award eligible exonerees no more than $25,000 in total at a rate of no more than $5,000 per year incarcerated. Within the Wisconsin statute lies a small and seldom-used door to more appropriate awards. The Wisconsin Court of Appeals in June, 2022 issued a divided opinion that may crack that door open just a bit wider. For states with particularly ungenerous statutes, but without the desire to change them, …

Harman And Lorandos’ False Critique Of Meier Et Al.’S Family Court Study, Joan S. Meier, Sean Dickson, Chris S. O'Sullivan, Leora N. Rosen

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Jennifer Harman and Demosthenes Lorandos purport to have identified numerous methodological flaws in our 2019 study of family court outcomes in cases involving abuse and alienation allegations (“FCO study”; Meier et al., 2019). At least half of the supposed flaws they itemized relate to one claim - that they were unable to access our methods and data. They treat the claimed lack of public access as evidence that our study is unreliable, while speculating about other potential flaws. Yet we note - and they acknowledge - that most of the methodological information they sought was in fact available before publication …

Remorse, Relational Legal Consciousness, And The Reproduction Of Carceral Logic, Kathryne M. Young, Hannah Chimowitz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

One in seven people in prison in the US is serving a life sentence, and most of these “lifers” will someday be eligible for discretionary parole. But little is known about a key aspect of parole decision-making: remorse assessments. Because remorse is a complex emotion that arises from past wrongdoing and unfolds over time, assessing the sincerity of another person’s remorse is neither a simple task of lie detection, nor of determining emotional authenticity. Instead, remorse involves numerous elements, including the relationship between a person’s past and present motivations, beliefs, and affective states. To understand how parole board members make …

Knee Cartilage T2 Relaxation Times 3 Months After Acl Reconstruction Are Associated With Knee Gait Variables Linked To Knee Osteoarthritis, Jack R. Williams, Kelsey Neal, Abdulmajeed Alfayyadh, Kendra Lennon, Jacob J. Capin, Ashutosh Khandha, Kurt Manal, Hollis G. Potter, Lynn Snyder-Mackler, Thomas S. Buchanan

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Osteoarthritis development after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is not well understood. Investigators have examined associations between knee biomechanical alterations and quantitative MRI (qMRI) variables, reflective of cartilage health, 12–60 months following ACLR; however, none have done so early after surgery. As part of an exploratory study, 45 individuals (age, 23 ± 7 years) underwent motion analysis during walking and qMRI 3 months after ACLR. For each limb, peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) and peak knee flexion moment (pKFM) were determined using inverse dynamics and peak medial compartment force was calculated using a neuromusculoskeletal model. T₂ relaxation times in the medial …

Race And The Criminal Law Curriculum, Cynthia Lee

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This chapter briefly sketches a few places in the substantive criminal law curriculum where law professors can include discussion of race to enrich students’ understanding of the law. These include racially based jury nullification, the void-for-vagueness doctrine, hate crimes and the actus reus requirement, voluntary manslaughter and the defense of provocation, involuntary manslaughter, rape, the doctrine of self-defense, the “Black rage” defense, and the “cultural defense.” The chapter also discusses the Guerilla Guides to Law Teaching project, which suggests that criminal law professors introduce the concept of abolition of the carceral state as a framework through which students can “question …

Strange Bedfellows? Representative Democracy And Academic Engagement With The Defense Industry, Steven L. Schooner, Evan Matsuda

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This chapter concludes a book that grew out of 2015 a conference hosted by the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Ethics and the Rule of Law, which brought together defense industry leaders, academics, and lawyers to discuss ethical challenges to the defense industry. Authors from the academy, practitioners, and policy-makers offer perspectives and insights such that the collection spans a broad range of disciplines, from philosophy, economics, law, and political science, to the management of corporate compliance.

In addition to attempting (no doubt unsuccessfully) to tie many of the book's themes together, the chapter itself asserts that the academic community …

The Trouble With Harman And Lorandos’S Attempted Refutation Of The Meier Et Al. Family Court Study, Joan S. Meier, Sean Dickson, Chris S. O'Sullivan, Leora N. Rosen

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Harman and Lorandos assert that they have produced a study analyzing custody cases involving alienation allegations, which “disconfirms” the findings from our study of family court out- comes in cases involving abuse and alienation. In addition to pointing out the authors’ misrepresentation and mis-reporting of some of their findings, this Response details a series of profound flaws in their study’s design, dataset construction and variable coding, interpretations and analytic approach, as well as a series of statistical errors. The statistical analyses demonstrate that Harman and Lorandos’s five findings of a gender bias in favor of fathers are not supported by …

Emerging Policy And Practice Issues (2021), Steven L. Schooner, David Berteau

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This paper/chapter, presented at the Thomson Reuters Government Contracts Year in Review Conference (covering 2021), attempts to identify some the leading, evolving trends and issues in U.S. federal procurement. Consistent with prior practice, this chapter offers extensive coverage of the federal procurement (and grant) and defense spending trends and attempts to predict what lies ahead, particularly with regard to legislative and executive activity. This year's paper discusses, among other things, the flurry of activity in the public procurement sphere as the Biden administration accelerates efforts to restore and reshape the government, special emergency procurement authorities deployed during the coronavirus pandemic, …

Temporal Issues Relating To Bit Dispute Resolution, Sean D. Murphy

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

An investor–State tribunal formed under a bilateral investment treaty (BIT) may be called upon to determine its jurisdiction ratione temporis based on various “critical dates” such as: the date of entry into force of the BIT; the date when the investment was made; the date when the investor acquired the requisite nationality; the date of the alleged breach; the date when the investor first acquired knowledge of the alleged breach and of its loss; and/or the date when the dispute arose. When confronted with such temporal issues, tribunals over the past two decades have often reverted to the “secondary” rules …

Code Free Or Die: Regulations Of Computer Code And The First Amendment, Dawn C. Nunziato

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

After the San Bernardino terrorist attack in 2015, the FBI sought to enlist Apple in its efforts to acquire potential evidence about the attack by accessing the contents of the cell phone used by the shooter Syed Rizwan Farook. The FBI claimed that the messages, contacts, and other information stored on Farook’s cell phone could lead them to potential co-conspirators who assisted in the attack or who were involved in planning other terrorist activities, or other relevant evidence. The FBI claimed that it needed Apple’s help because the cell phone in question embodied a number of security features familiar to …

Comment Letter On Sec Climate Disclosure Proposal By 21 Law And Finance Professors, Lawrence A. Cunningham

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This comment letter, by a group of 21 professors of law and finance, expresses concern that the SEC’s recent proposal to impose extensive mandatory climate-related disclosure rules on public companies (the “Proposal”) exceeds the SEC’s authority. In addition, rather than provide “investor protection,” the Proposal seems to be heavily influenced by a small but powerful cohort of institutional investors, mostly index funds and asset managers, promoting climate consciousness as part of their business models. The analysis raises concerns that the Proposal is neither necessary nor appropriate for either investor protection or the public interest and will not promote other statutory …

Afterword: Why 'Taming The Megabanks' Should Remain A Top Priority For Financial Regulators And Policymakers, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This essay was published as part of a law review symposium that evaluated my work on the regulation of large, complex financial institutions. Part I of my essay discusses the other articles published in the symposium issue and describes their relationship to my own work. Part II analyzes the global financial crisis that began in March 2020, following the outbreak and rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus. Part II also reviews the extraordinary actions taken by governments and central banks in response to that crisis. Part II argues that the pandemic- induced financial crisis and its aftermath confirm two lessons …

Follow The Leader? A Comparative Law Study Of The Eu’S General Data Protection Regulation’S Impact In Latin America, Arturo J. Carrillo, Matias Jackson

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In May 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) entered into force in the European Union. As is widely recognized, its impact goes beyond the borders of the old continent, permeating through the regulatory processes of countries all over the world. Nowhere is this more evident than in Latin America, where governments have long emulated European data protection standards. Professor Anu Bradford has famously characterized this phenomenon as a prominent example of ‘the Brussels Effect,’ defined as Europe’s unilateral power to regulate global markets. Other scholars see a more complex dynamic at play. This is especially true in the data …

Regulating Big Tech: Lessons From The Ftc’S Do Not Call Rule, William E. Kovacic, David A. Hyman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Big Tech (Amazon, Apple, Facebook, and Google) is under regulatory assault. Cases have been brought against each of these companies in multiple countries around the world, but there is an emerging consensus that more needs to be done – most likely in the form of ex ante regulation that prescribes rules of conduct for dominant information platforms. The European Union and the United Kingdom are well on the way to establishing such frameworks, and the United States appears poised to undertake similar measures in the coming years. Most of the debate has focused on the case for ex ante regulation …