Digital Commons Network^™

Chronically Sustainable: Creating A Sustainable Community For The Chronically Ill, Nicole Mathiowetz

Architecture Theses

In a world that is rapidly changing due to climate change, there is a group of people that are being left behind in the “green” movement. This is not new for these people; the group has often been forgotten and under served by society throughout history. This group is the chronically ill. With a variety of abilities and needs, society has failed to give them the same opportunities in life as the abled body. Buildings are required to have accessible entrances but often time they are far from the main entrances and highlight a person’s disabilities by inconveniencing not just …

Nomad's Community, Elsie Mcguigan

Architecture Theses

The nomadic lifestyle is an exciting way to live. Exploring new places and meeting friendly people is a constant for a nomad. The pandemic has forced many people to work from home or start their own business. Many businesses are continuing to offer and encourage their people to work remotely because of the increased productivity and happiness of their employees. Now that COVID restrictions have lifted, everyone has been looking for an adventure- however this opportunity does not need a return ticket. Nomad’s Community provides an opportunity to live somewhere new as often as every month. Instead of signing an …

Understanding The Mode Of Action Of Essential Oil Nanoemulsions To Inhibit Fusarium Growth And Mycotoxin Production In Cereal, Haiyang Jiang

Plant Sciences

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a commonly occurred mycotoxin in cereal-based food, which is mainly produced by Fusarium spp. in the field. It is unfeasible to entirely avoid DON contamination in cereal grains with good agricultural practices. Therefore, it is of great importance to have a strategy for preventing DON contamination in our final food products. In recent years, utilization of plant extracts such as essential oils (EOs) as antifungal and mycotoxin inhibitory agents in foods have gained popularity. Depending on the EO type and chemical composition of EOs, the antifungal and mycotoxin inhibitory efficacies of different EOs might be varied. In …

Characterizing Late Blight Resistance Of Parental Genotypes Used In The North Dakota State University Potato Breeding Program, James Bjerke

Plant Sciences

The potato is an important food crop, and late blight is a potato disease costing growers millions of dollars. Utilizing cultivars with late blight resistance is the longest-term option to manage the disease. This two-part study identified genetic resistance to late blight present in North Dakota State University potato germplasm. More than 750 families were screened using a multiyear detached leaf assay. ND8277B-5, Dakota Trailblazer, EB8109-1, ND028856B-1Russ, and Stirling, were found to be the most successful parents. Additionally, 236 clones were evaluated for six late blight resistance (R) genes: R1, R2, R3, RB, Rpi-smira1, and Rpi-ber1. At least one R …

Mental Illness As A Vulnerability For Sexual Assault: A Retrospective Study Of 7,455 Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examinations, Leslie Miles, Julie L. Valentine, Linda Mabey, Nancy R. Downing

Faculty Publications

Background: Persons with severe mental illness (MI) are at a high risk of becoming victims of sexual assault (SA). Vulnerability for SA with any type of MI is unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of preexisting MI and other significant factors in patients reporting preexisting MI at the time of their SA medical forensic examinations (SAMFEs).

Method: A retrospective SAMFE chart review of patients ( N = 7,455) from 2010 to 2020 was conducted. Sexual assault nurse examiners completed SAMFEs. Inclusion criteria included (a) aged 14 years and older, (b) completed SAMFE with SA kit evidence collection, and …

Passages From The Book Of Micah In The Book Of Mormon, Dana M. Pike

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of An Interdisciplinary Communication Partner Training Program On Student Learning, Tyson G. Harmon, Mei-Ling Lin, Gabrielle Scronce, Adam Jacks

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Communication partner training (CPT) involves educating conversation partners to implement communication strategies that facilitate improved interactions with people with aphasia (PWA). This study aimed to investigate (1) whether a CPT program increased the knowledge and confidence of students with and without a communication disorders background and (2) the differential effects of this training on students from different allied health disciplines. METHODS: Quasi-experimental design study with 6 adult volunteers with aphasia and 36 students (18 speech-language pathology [SLP] students and 18 physical therapy/occupational therapy [PT/OT] students). The CPT program was provided twice (in 2015 and 2016) as a single seminar …

Introducing Undergraduates To Instructional Design In A Graduate Studio: An Experiential, Model-Centered Approach, Rebecca Stull Zundell, William Sowards, Scott L. Howell, Jason K. Mcdonald

Faculty Publications

This case study describes a combined graduate and undergraduate instructional design studio that introduced undergraduate students to instructional design in a multifaceted, holistic, and applied way. Reviewing the experience of the undergraduates in the course, this design case describes four learning interventions used to create this applied experience: (1) instructional design team projects—one non-profit and the other in higher education, (2) weekly seminars and biweekly training sessions from field experts, (3) an experiential out-of-state trip, and (4) weekly reflection journals. These studio-based learning interventions are presented within the context of the Experiential Learning Theory and Model-Centered Instruction. Overall, the course …

Three Essays On Railroad Safety Analysis Using Non-Parametric Statistical Methods, Neeraj Dhingra

Transportation Logistics and Finance

he FRA mandated railroad companies to install a new monitoring system known as Positive Train Control (PTC). This system overlays sensors, signals, and transponders over existing track and other wayside infrastructure. Technologists designed the system to prevent accidents mainly caused by human negligence and communications. However, PTC will not address track-related defects, which is the second dominant cause of accidents. A new track monitoring system called Railway Autonomous Inspection Localization System (RAILS) was proposed to address track-related accidents. RAILS is based on low-cost sensor technology that identifies defect symptoms, ranks their severity, classifies defect types, and localizes their positions. So, …

Incremental Improvements: Examining Instructional Changes And Rationales Of K-12 Online Teachers Using The Picrat And 4e Frameworks, Jered Borup, Rocio Quiroga Velasquez, Charles R. Graham, Leanna Archambault, Royce Kimmons

Faculty Publications

Teacher preparation programs have been slow to prepare teachers for the online environment, leaving many online teachers needing to learn on the job. However, little research has examined how online teachers grow as educators. One way to better understand this growth is to examine the changes online teachers make in their instruction and their rationales for making them. In this qualitative case study, we surveyed online teachers three times during an academic year regarding their instructional changes. Participants described these changes and categorized them on a modified PICRAT matrix to indicate if the changes made student learning more passive, interactive, …

Providing Institutional Support For Academic Engagement In Online And Blended Learning Programs, Sara Tuiloma, Charles R. Graham, Adriana María Martinez Arias, Diana Maria Parra Caicedo

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we examine how universities can evaluate the level of support they provide to help their students with affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement in their online and blended learning experiences. Additionally, it identifies what types of supports help students engage academically and what barriers hinder their online engagement. Using a survey instrument sent to university students (n = 1295), we conducted a mixed-methods analysis to understand better how students feel the institution supports their online engagement and what barriers they experience. To accomplish this, we addressed the following research questions: (1) How do students feel the institution supports …

The Effect Of Wearable Activity Monitor Presence On Step Counts, William B. Tayler, James D. Lecheminant, Jospeh Price, Christian P. Tadje

Faculty Publications

Objective: In this study, we tested the effect of wearable activity monitors and tracking on physical activity over 2 weeks.

Methods: Ninety young adults participated. Prior to initiation of the study, each participant was asked to download an iPhone app that tracked physical activity level (step counts) but were not told the app’s purpose. Each participant was then randomly assigned to one of 3 groups (N=30/group): (1) measurement awareness, (2) measurement awareness+track/record, or (3) control. Participants in the measurement awareness and the measurement awareness+track/record groups were given a pedometer to wear for 2 weeks. Additionally, participants in the measurement awareness+track/ …

Evidence On Internal Audit Quality From Transitioning To Remote Audits Because Of Covid-19, Marc Eulerich, Martin Wagener, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

As in-person audits were banned by governments and by company policies due to the COVID-19 pandemic, internal auditors had to transition to remote audits to perform their work. Based on survey responses of internal auditors who have conducted both remote and in-person audits, we find that internal auditors perceive no difference in the efficiency and effectiveness of and stakeholders’ reliance on results from remote and in-person audits when considering all responses. However, we also find that perceived efficiency and effectiveness increase the more experience internal auditors have with remote audits. Supplemental analyses show that support from the auditee, but not …

The Status Of Robotic Process Automation, Steven A. Harrast, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Modern information technology (IT) has greatly expanded the capability of companies to coordinate activities and process large numbers of transactions. Unfortunately, large companies often support thousands of individual applications, and the data necessary for financial reporting is scattered across these applications. As applications and data proliferate, companies must link together the applications and systems, often using spreadsheets and expending significant amounts of time in manual data entry and manipulation. This manual work is slow, expensive, and error prone and lacks useful business insights. Also, the employees who must perform these tasks are often overwhelmed and unsatisfied with the mundane work. …

Uplifts, Respite, Stress, And Marital Quality For Parents Raising Children With Down Syndrome Or Autism, Tina M. Taylor, Jamie K. Easler, Susanne Olsen Roper, Jeremy B. Yorganson, James M, Harper

Faculty Publications

Direct, indirect, and partner effects estimated among uplifts, respite care, stress, and marital quality across mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder (n = 102) and Down syndrome (n = 111) were examined in this cross-sectional study. Parents of children with ASD who reported more uplifts and less stress individually reported better marital quality; these wives reported better marital quality as their husbands reported more uplifts and less stress. Wives with children with DS who reported more uplifts, individually along with their husbands reported less stress and better marital quality. Respite was directly associated with marital quality for …

Mountain Men Reveal Yellowstone: Observations Of Daniel Potts, Warren Ferris, And Osborne Russell In The 1820s And 1830s, Jay H. Buckley, Nathan Benavidez

Faculty Publications

As Yellowstone National Park celebrates its 150th anniversary as the first such park in the world, it is fascinating to rediscover the records of mountain men and and that the same features that enthrall modern visitors captivated them as well. “Sonder” is the realization that other people with whom we share the mortal coil have lived lives just as complex and wonderous as our own. Americans can no better appreciate this than when they stand in Yellowstone National Park today and marvel at the same grandeur mountain men witnessed two hundred years ago.

Students Coming Prepared To Class? A Review Of The Literature With A Call To Research, Melissa P. Larson, Jace Linnell

Faculty Publications

In this literature review, we show that little attention has been given to pre-class learning in a flipped classroom setting. To support learning, a flipped classroom shifts the learning of basic content from a classroom setting to a pre-class setting, thereby freeing up time within class for more active learning activities. Active learning activities support student-centered learning as peers collaborate with deep application of pre-class learning concepts. Thus, higher-order skills of critical thinking and lifelong learning, which are valued in the accounting education curriculum and profession, can be developed through a flipped classroom pedagogy. However, if pre-class learning is not …

Tax Boycotts, H. Scott Asay, Jacob Thornock, Jeffrey L. Hoopes, Jaron H. Wilde

Faculty Publications

To what extent do consumers boycott in response to corporate tax activities? Anecdotes suggest potential consumer backlash is a meaningful deterrent to corporate tax planning, and the tax literature has developed expectations that these boycotts happen. But empirical evidence on their existence and impact is limited. We undertake a comprehensive study to examine how consumers’ purchase behavior relates to corporate tax activities, triangulating across several designs, samples, and measures. First, we survey a representative sample of U.S. consumers to examine the reported relationship between corporate tax planning and consumer behavior; we find that consumers report that precisely zero have ever …

Developing The Experience Impact Scale: A Qualitative Study Using A Study Abroad And International Internship Program, Neil Lundberg, Peter Ward, Grant Lundberg, Brian Hill, Jennifer Brown, Ramon Zabriskie, Mat Duerden, Heather Ashby

Faculty Publications

Recent work has identified different experience types, including experience classifications of ordinary, memorable, meaningful, and transformative. This study further clarifies the experience typology through qualitative data analysis of each experience type. Data analysis identified that within each extraordinary experience type, additional subtypes were present. Experience types and subtypes were organized according to the experience typology continuum into a 10-item Experience Impact Scale (EIS), as no instrument to measure experience types or experience impact was available. An expert panel was used to determine the representativeness of the items in the EIS and to provide content-related evidence of validity. Discussion of the …

Sending Children To Camp: An Analysis Of Decision-Making By Family Income, Dan Richmond, Camilla Hodge, Jim Sibthorp

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study sought to (a) identify the factors most salient to parents when sending their child to summer camp, (b) examine family members’ roles in the camp decision-making process, and (c) compare both by income and other family contextual factors in a sample of parents with a child who enrolled and participated in a summer camp experience.

Methods: Survey data were collected from a total of 354 families that included families from high, middle, and lower incomes. Surveys collected data on parental developmental goals for their child, factors related to camp–child and camp–family fit, and the level of involvement …

Free Public Lands Admission For Children And Spillovers In Family Recreation, Jocelyn S. Wikle, Camilla Hodge

Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the Every Kid in a Park program to understand recreation and the contextual interaction between family resources, race, and recreation costs in families with young children. Using a large, nationally representative data sample from the American Time Use Survey (N = 5,119), we analyzed changes over time in recreation patterns of different socioeconomic groups before and after the initiation of the Every Kid in a Park program of the United States National Park Service. We found that free admission corresponded with overall increased frequency of hiking with a child for individuals in affected households. Changes in hiking …

Where Have All The Children Gone? A Review Of The Presence Of Children Under 6 Years In Leisure Publication Outlets, Rachel A. Mcgovern, Ericka J. Olschewski, Camilla Hodge

Faculty Publications

We conducted a focused search of nine pre-determined leisure journals to (1) determine the prevalence and scope of research on children younger than 6 years (i.e., young children) published in leisure- focused outlets, (2) describe study designs and research methods used to study this age group, (3) tabulate definitions of child leisure, and (4) provide an overview of the studies’ findings. Overall, findings indicate a marked absence of young children from leisure research. Only 28 articles in almost half a century of leisure journal publications met inclusion criteria. Eight studies focused on children as the subject or participant, five articles …

Ecology Of Family Experiences: Contextualizing Family Leisure For Human Development & Family Relations, Camilla Hodge, Kelly D. Chandler, Karen K. Melton, Kelly L. Hoke, Jennifer Blodgett

Faculty Publications

Research on family communication in the leisure context has been limited to retrospective survey reconstructions of perceptions of communication patterns. This study examines the validity of sociometric badges for measuring family communication in real-time. Seven families (married, two-parent families with at least one child ages 4–17 years) wore sociometric badges during a 30-minute leisure activity in a lab setting. We compared mean badge estimates of family communication duration to mean coded video data from the same 30-minute sessions. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated sociometric badges are not as reliable as video-coded estimates of speech; however, among parents, non-significant mean comparisons partially …

Experience Design In Leisure And Recreation Curriculum, Madie Neeley, Sydney Burgess, Mat D. Duerden, Neil Lundberg

Faculty Publications

Experience design is a term that has risen to the forefront in a variety of professional fields and has relevance for the field of park and recreation. Park and recreation professionals are primarily focused on providing experiences and thus could naturally consider themselves experienced designers. Surprisingly, experience design is not a topic often discussed within park and recreation publications or curriculum. This absence is at least in part attributable to the fact that experience design is an emerging field that has grown independently out of multiple disciplines. Consequently, the fields of park and recreation and experience design overlap in a …

Experience Journey Map: A New Experience Design Tool For Structuring Youth Activities, Gary D. Ellis, Jingxian Jiang, Darlene Locke, Patti A. Freeman, Kaylee Jorgensen

Faculty Publications

We introduce a new experience design tool, an experience journey map, to assist youth professionals in planning engagement, immersion, and absorption activities. Experience journey maps are based on customer journey maps, which are widely used in business service design. This new approach highlights strategies for engendering deep structured experiences during the activity. An experience journey map is a matrix of columns and rows. Columns represent the sequence of activity stages. Rows are experience-structuring strategies derived from the theory of structured experience. These strategies include service performance strategies, deep structured experience strategies, and engagement, immersion, and absorption strategies. We present a …

Back From The Future: Mediation And Prediction Of Events Uncertainty Through Event-Driven Models (Edms), Samuel Ogbeibu, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

The event-driven model (EDM) is an emerging concept in human behavioural research, and understanding how EDMs can promote theory development remains a fundamental quest of predictive science. Traditionally, researchers have heavily depended upon theory confirmation and the inclusion of mediating constructs to clarify uncertainty associated with plausible events (e.g. political, socio-economic, technological, environmental). Though this approach has pushed the field forward, it has also steered mediation research towards largely ignoring the fundamental role of prediction as a key for better understanding future events represented by EDMs. Additionally, emerging research using partial least squares structural equation modelling to execute prediction-oriented analysis …

Transformational It Leaders And Digital Innovation: The Moderating Effect Of Formal It Governance, Linda M. Pittenger, Nicholas Berente, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Does formal IT governance encourage innovation in the traditional domains of the IT function at the expense of new forms of “digital” innovation? We report on a study of 158 IT managers and leaders to understand the conditions under which transformational IT leadership can drive innovation in traditional forms of IT, as well as in the emerging “digital” domain. We find that highly formal IT governance practices can reduce ability of transformational IT managers and leaders to innovate in both domains, and this effect is greater for digital innovation. In stable cultures the moderation effect was strengthened, while insignificant in …

Digital Behavioral Biometrics And Privacy: Methods For Improving Business Processes Without Compromising Customer Privacy, Joseph S. Valacich, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, D. Čišić

Faculty Publications

To enable people to interact with online websites and systems, browsers capture a variety of events that occur on the page—such as how a person is moving the computer mouse, what a person clicks on, what a person types, and whether a person is scrolling. These events represent a user’s behavior on a page, referred to as the DOM or Document Object Model, and are recorded at a millisecond precision rate (e.g., the exact millisecond timestamp when a key goes down and when it comes back up). Research and practice alike have found that these behavioral events can provide powerful …

The Path Of The Righteous: Using Trace Data To Understand Fraud Decisions In Real Time, Markus Weinmann, Joe Valacich, Christoph Schneider, Jeffrey Jenkins, Martin Hibbeln

Faculty Publications

Trace data—users’ digital records when interacting with technology—can reveal their cognitive dynamics when making decisions on websites in real time. Here, we present a trace-data method—analyzing movements captured via a computer mouse—to assess potential fraud when filling out an online form. In contrast to incumbent fraud-detection methods, which analyze information after submission, mouse-movements traces can capture the cognitive dynamics of a decision to be fraudulent as it is happening. We report two controlled studies using different tasks, where participants could freely commit fraud to benefit themselves financially while we captured mouse-cursor movement data. We found that participants who entered fraudulent …

Prediabetes: Provider Awareness And The Implementation Of The Prevent Diabetes Stat Toolkit Resources, Brooke Feltman

Nursing

Increased proactivity and improved management of prediabetes is a growing need amongst providers in the primary care setting. Nearly one third of North Dakota residents over the age of 20 have prediabetes, but only one out of ten are aware of this reversible medical condition. Without early correction and identification, 15-30% of people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes. Based on the need for increased proactivity towards prediabetic management, evidence-based resources were created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association. The Prevent Diabetes STAT Toolkit was developed to guide medical professionals in assisting …