Digital Commons Network^™

Weather And Climate Change Drive Annual Variation Of Reproduction By An Aerial Insectivore, Michael T. Murphy, Lucas J. Redmond, Amy C. Dolan, Nathan W. Cooper, Karen Shepherdson, Christopher Michael Chutter, Sarah Cancellieri

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

For many bird species, but especially aerial insectivores, reproduction depends on weather. Climate change is likely to intensify effects, but with uncertain consequences. We report 22 years of data on Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) reproduction for two populations located in different hygric environments undergoing climate change; mesic central New York, USA, (NY; 12 years) and xeric southeastern Oregon, USA, (OR: 10 years). Laying date became earlier with increasing temperature in the 30-day period preceding laying in identical fashion at both sites, and in years of early laying, clutch size was larger, length of laying season increased, and failed …

Antibody Therapeutics For Epithelial Ovarian Cancer, Mason Ruiz, Ningyan Zhang, Anil K Sood, Zhiqiang An

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is an aggressive subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and remains the most lethal gynecologic cancer. A lack of effective and tolerable therapeutic options and nonspecific symptoms at presentation with advanced stage of disease are among the challenges in the management of the disease.

AREAS COVERED: An overview of ovarian cancer, followed by a discussion of the current therapeutic regimes and challenges that arise during and after the treatment of EOC. We discuss different formats of antibody therapeutics and their usage in targeting validated targets implicated in ovarian cancer, as well as three emerging …

Rare Genetic Variants Explain Missing Heritability In Smoking, Seon-Kyeong Jang, Luke Evans, Allison Fialkowski, Donna K Arnett, Allison E Ashley-Koch, Kathleen C Barnes, Diane M Becker, Joshua C Bis, John Blangero, Eugene R Bleecker, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer A Brody, Brian E Cade, Brenda W Campbell Jenkins, April P Carson, Sameer Chavan, L Adrienne Cupples, Brian Custer, Scott M Damrauer, Sean P David, Mariza De Andrade, Carla L Dinardo, Tasha E Fingerlin, Myriam Fornage, Barry I Freedman, Melanie E Garrett, Sina A Gharib, David C Glahn, Jeffrey Haessler, Susan R Heckbert, John E Hokanson, Lifang Hou, Shih-Jen Hwang, Matthew C Hyman, Renae Judy, Anne E Justice, Robert C Kaplan, Sharon L R Kardia, Shannon Kelly, Wonji Kim, Charles Kooperberg, Daniel Levy, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Ruth J F Loos, Ani W Manichaikul, Mark T Gladwin, Lisa Warsinger Martin, Mehdi Nouraie, Olle Melander, Deborah A Meyers, Courtney G Montgomery, Kari E North, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Nicholette D Palmer, Marinelle Payton, Anna L Peljto, Patricia A Peyser, Michael Preuss, Bruce M Psaty, Dandi Qiao, Daniel J Rader, Nicholas Rafaels, Susan Redline, Robert M Reed, Alexander P Reiner, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, David A Schwartz, Aladdin H Shadyab, Edwin K Silverman, Nicholas L Smith, J Gustav Smith, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Weihong Tang, Kent D Taylor, Marilyn J Telen, Ramachandran S Vasan, Victor R Gordeuk, Zhe Wang, Kerri L Wiggins, Lisa R Yanek, Ivana V Yang, Kendra A Young, Kristin L Young, Yingze Zhang, Dajiang J Liu, Matthew C Keller, Scott Vrieze

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Common genetic variants explain less variation in complex phenotypes than inferred from family-based studies, and there is a debate on the source of this 'missing heritability'. We investigated the contribution of rare genetic variants to tobacco use with whole-genome sequences from up to 26,257 unrelated individuals of European ancestries and 11,743 individuals of African ancestries. Across four smoking traits, single-nucleotide-polymorphism-based heritability ([Formula: see text]) was estimated from 0.13 to 0.28 (s.e., 0.10-0.13) in European ancestries, with 35-74% of it attributable to rare variants with minor allele frequencies between 0.01% and 1%. These heritability estimates are 1.5-4 times higher than past …

Modifications Of Cellulose-Based Biomaterials For Biomedical Applications, Nour Fatema, Ruben Michael Ceballos, Chenguang Fan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Cellulose is one of the most abundant organic compounds in nature and is available from diverse sources. Cellulose features tunable properties, making it a promising substrate for biomaterial development. In this review, we highlight advances in the physical processes and chemical modifications of cellulose that enhance its properties for use as a biomaterial. Three cellulosic products are discussed, including nanofibrillated, nanocrystalline, and bacterial cellulose, with a focus on how each may serve as a platform for the development of advanced cellulose-based biomaterials for Biomedical applications. In addition to associating mechanical and chemical properties of cellulosic materials to specific applications, a …

Real-Time Joint Ocean Acoustics And Circulation Modeling In The 2021 New England Shelf Break Acoustics Experiment (L), Brendan J. Decourcy, Ying-Tsong Lin, Weifeng Gordon Zhang, Emma Reeves Ozanich, Natalie Kukshtel, Martin Siderius, Glen Gawarkiewicz, Jacob Forsyth

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

During the spring of 2021, a coordinated multi-vessel effort was organized to study physical oceanography, marine geology and biology, and acoustics on the northeast United States continental shelf, as part of the New England Shelf Break Acoustics (NESBA) experiment. One scientific goal was to establish a real-time numerical model aboard the research vessel with high spatial and temporal resolution to predict the oceanography and sound propagation within the NESBA study area. The real-time forecast model performance and challenges are reported in this letter without adjustment or re-simulation after the cruise. Future research directions for post-experiment studies are also suggested.

Using Satellite-Observed Geospatial Inundation Data To Identify The Impacts Of Flood On Firm-Level Performances: The Case Of China During 2000–2009, Pao-Li Chang, Fan Zheng

Research Collection School Of Economics

Among the first in the literature, this paper combines high-resolution satelliteobserved inundation maps with geocoded firm-level data to identify the flood exposure at the firm level. We apply the methodology to study the impact of floods on microlevel firm performances in China for the period 2000–2009. Being hit by a flood is associated with an annual loss of output and productivity of around 6% and 5%, respectively, which persists in the long run. The effects are heterogeneous across types of firms and locations of the floods. Firms that are tangible-asset intensive are more negatively affected by the flood events. Meanwhile, …

Separable Mechanisms Drive Local And Global Polarity Establishment In The Caenorhabditis Elegans Intestinal Epithelium, Melissa A. Pickett, Maria D. Sallee, Lauren Cote, Victor F. Naturale, Deniz Akpinaroglu, Joo Lee, Kang Shen, Jessica L. Feldman

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Apico-basolateral polarization is essential for epithelial cells to function as selective barriers and transporters, and to provide mechanical resilience to organs. Epithelial polarity is established locally, within individual cells to establish distinct apical, junctional and basolateral domains, and globally, within a tissue where cells coordinately orient their apico-basolateral axes. Using live imaging of endogenously tagged proteins and tissue-specific protein depletion in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic intestine, we found that local and global polarity establishment are temporally and genetically separable. Local polarity is initiated prior to global polarity and is robust to perturbation. PAR-3 is required for global polarization across the …

The Role Of Dynamic Dna Methylation In Liver Transplant Rejection In Children., Mylarappa Ningappa, Xiaojian Shao, Chethan Ashokkumar, Qingyong Xu, Adriana Zeevi, Elin Grundberg, Tomi Pastinen, Rakesh Sindhi

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Transcriptional regulation of liver transplant (LT) rejection may reveal novel predictive and therapeutic targets. The purpose of this article is to test the role of differential DNA methylation in children with biopsy-proven acute cellular rejection after LT.

Methods: Paired peripheral blood DNA samples were obtained before and after LT from 17 children, including 4 rejectors (Rs) and 13 nonrejectors (NRs), and assayed with MethylC capture sequencing approach covering 5 million CpGs in immune-cell-specific regulatory elements. Differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) were identified using generalized linear regression models adjusting for sex and age and merged into differentially methylated regions (DMRs) comprising 3 …

A Review Of Ferric Citrate Clinical Studies, And The Rationale And Design Of The Ferric Citrate And Chronic Kidney Disease In Children (Fit4kid) Trial., Mark R. Hanudel, Marciana L. Laster, Anthony A. Portale, Aditi Dokras, Raymond P. Quigley, German A Lozano Guzman, Joshua J. Zaritsky, Nicole A. Hayde, Frederick J. Kaskel, Mark M. Mitsnefes, Jorge A. Ramirez, Peace D. Imani, Poyyapakkam R. Srivaths, Amy J. Kogon, Michelle R. Denburg, Tom D. Blydt-Hansen, Loretta Z. Reyes, Larry A. Greenbaum, Darcy K. Weidemann, Bradley A. Warady, David A. Elashoff, Susan R. Mendley, Tamara Isakova, Isidro B. Salusky

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by many co-morbidities, including impaired growth and development, CKD-mineral and bone disorder, anemia, dysregulated iron metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. In pediatric CKD cohorts, higher circulating concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with some of these adverse clinical outcomes, including CKD progression and left ventricular hypertrophy. It is hypothesized that lowering FGF23 levels will reduce the risk of these events and improve clinical outcomes. Reducing FGF23 levels in CKD may be accomplished by targeting two key stimuli of FGF23 production-dietary phosphate absorption and iron deficiency. Ferric citrate is approved for use …

Impact Of Conditioning Chemotherapy On Lymphocyte Kinetics And Outcomes In Lbcl Patients Treated With Car T-Cell Therapy, Paolo Strati, Andrew P Jallouk, Ryan Sun, Jaihee Choi, Kaberi Das, Hua-Jay Cherng, Sairah Ahmed, Hun J Lee, Swaminathan P Iyer, Ranjit Nair, Loretta J Nastoupil, Raphael E Steiner, Chad D Huff, Yao Yu, Haleigh Mistry, Brittany Pulsifer, Mansoor Noorani, Neeraj Saini, Elizabeth J Shpall, Partow Kebriaei, Christopher R Flowers, Jason R Westin, Michelle A T Hildebrandt, Sattva S Neelapu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Conditioning chemotherapy (CCT) has been shown to be essential for optimal efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Here, we determined whether the change in absolute lymphocyte count, referred to as delta lymphocyte index (DLIx), may serve as a surrogate marker for pharmacodynamic effects of CCT and whether it associated with germline genetic variants in patients with large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). One-hundred and seventy-one patients were included, of which 86 (50%) received bridging therapy post-leukapheresis. Median DLIx was 0.5 × 109/L (range, 0.01-2.75 × 109/L) and was significantly higher in patients who achieved complete response (p = 0.04). On …

Fabrication Of Thin-Film Composite, Reverse-Osmosis Membranes With Polyethylenimine Modifications For Enhancing Membrane Fouling Resistance, Stephanie N. Hamilton

Master's Theses

Increasing water reuse opportunities for communities has become increasingly important as access to clean water is becoming more scarce. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an advanced treatment technology used in water recycling wastewater for potable reuse applications. RO is a promising technology; however, the membranes have limitations including their high energy demand and their susceptibility to membrane fouling. The main objective of this study was to develop a reproducible method for the fabrication of RO membranes with enhanced flux and reduced susceptibility to fouling. Literature contains numerous publications on fabrication of thin film composite (TFC) RO membranes with high performance. However, …

Advancing The Use Of Fecal Sludge For Timelier And Better-Quality Epidemiological Data In Low- And Middle-Income Countries For Pandemic Prevention., Petros Chigwechokha, Renée Street, Rochelle H. Holm

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Population Density And Reproductive Seasonality Of Tryonia Cheatumi (Gastropoda: Cochliopidae), The Phantom Tryonia, Kathryn E. Perez, Nina Noreika, Chad Norris, Marty Kelly, Melissa Lopez, Christina Ortega, Salma Ruiz Sandoval, Samantha Gonzalez, Weston Nowlin

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

We studied population density, population size, and reproductive seasonality of the Phantom Tryonia, Tryonia cheatumi (Pilsbry, 1935). This endangered freshwater snail is found only in the San Solomon Spring system, a cienega, or karst-based, arid-land freshwater spring system, in western Texas, USA. We sampled populations at seven locations in the system seasonally over a 2-yr period. San Solomon Spring, the system's largest spring and modified into a swimming pool, had the largest population of T. cheatumi, with an estimated 49 million individuals and a mean density as high as 23,626 ± 39,030 (individuals/m2 ± SD). There were seasonal differences …

Chitosan Nanogel With Mixed Food Plants And Its Relation To Blood Glucose In Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic And Meta-Analysis Review Of Observational Studies, Morris Aloysius, Kyriacos N. Felekkis, Christos Petrou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Eleni Andreou

All Works

This systematic review with metanalysis evaluated and analyzed the beneficial effects of certain plants food in type 2 diabetes (T2D) when consumed alone or in combination with chitosan. The main objective of the paper was to examine the relation of chitosan nanogel and mixed food plant (MFP) to control T2D. The databases included Medline, Scopus, PubMed, as well as Cochrane available between the month of January 1990 to January 2021. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies were case-controlled studies that included unripe plantain, bitter yam, okra, and chitosan either used-alone or in combination with non-specified food plants (NSFP). Two-fold autonomous …

Rsif Tanzania Country Report 2022, Rsif In Tanzania 2022

Rsif Country Progress Reports

Tanzania is part of PASET and has expressed its intention to contribute to Rsif. There are 11 competitively selected Tanzanian Rsif PhD students (73% women) in four thematic areas in four different African Host Universities. Two Tanzanian universities were competitively selected as Rsif African host universities: Sokoine University of Agriculture in Food security and agribusiness in 2017 and Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, (NM-AIST) in mineral, mining and material science in 2019. They are hosting a total of 60 Rsif PhD students from 20 different nationalities with 50 publications in high impact journals to date. There are …

Cognitive Effort Avoidance In Veterans With Suicide Attempt Histories, James M. Bjork, Chelsea S. Rooney, Lisa K. Straub, David M. N. Garavito, Andrew Westbrook

Articles

Suicide attempts (SA) are increasing in the United States, especially in veterans. Discovering individual cognitive features of the subset of suicide ideators who attempt suicide is critical. Cognitive theories attribute SA to facile schema-based negative interpretations of environmental events. Over-general autobiographical memory and facile solutions in problem solving tasks in SA survivors suggest that aversion to expending cognitive effort may be a neurobehavioral marker of SA risk. In veterans receiving care for mood disorder, we compared cognitive effort discounting and evidence-gathering in a beads task between veterans with (SAHx+; n = 26) versus without (SAHx-; n = 22) a history …

Evaluating Clinical Utility Of Subgingival And Salivary Endotoxin Activity Levels As Periodontal Biomarkers, Svetislav Zaric, Alexander Strachan, Yuko Kurushima, Anbo Dong, Clare Mcilwaine, Zoe Harrington, Luigi Nibali, Andrew Foey, Mark Ide

Peninsula Dental School

ObjectivesThe use of periodontal biomarkers for identification and monitoring of unique patient populations could foster better stratification of at-risk groups, increase access to treatment for those most in need, facilitate preventive measures and improve personalised care plans. The aim of this study was to examine the diagnostic and prognostic utility of oral lipopolysaccharides as bacterially-derived periodontal biomarkers.MethodsPeriodontal parameters were recorded, and saliva and subgingival plaque samples were collected at the beginning of the study from periodontally healthy volunteers and periodontitis patients, and three months after completion of conventional periodontal treatment in the periodontitis group. Endotoxin activity in the samples was …

Identifying Early-Life Behavior To Predict Mothering Ability In Swine Utilizing NuTrack System, Savannah Gabrielle Millburn

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Early recognition of indicator traits for swine reproduction and longevity supports economical selection decision making. Gilt activity is a key variable impacting a sow’s herd life and productivity. The purpose of this study was to examine early- life behaviors contributing to farrowing traits including gestation length (GL), number born alive (NBA), number weaned (NW), and herd life (HL). Herd life was a binary trait representing if a gilt was culled after one parity. Beginning at approximately 20 weeks of age, video recordings were taken on 480 gilts for 7 consecutive days and processed using the NUtrack system. Activity traits …

Speech-Language Disorder Severity, Academic Success, And Socioemotional Functioning Among Multilingual And English Children In The United States: The National Survey Of Children’S Health, Martin L Blakely, Matthew A Rysavy, Kevin P Lally, Barry Eggleston, Claudia Pedroza, Jon E Tyson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are challenging, but are the studies most likely to change practice and benefit patients. RCTs investigating neonatal surgical therapies are rare. The Necrotizing Enterocolitis Surgery Trial (NEST) was the first surgical RCT conducted by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Neonatal Research Network (NRN), and multiple lessons were learned. NEST was conducted over a 7.25-year enrollment period and the primary outcome was death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18-22 months corrected age. Surgical investigators designing clinical trials involving neonatal surgical treatments have many considerations to include, including how to …

Assessing Naming Errors Using An Automated Machine Learning Approach, Tatiana T Schnur, Chia-Ming Lei

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: After left hemisphere stroke, 20%-50% of people experience language deficits, including difficulties in naming. Naming errors that are semantically related to the intended target (e.g., producing "violin" for picture HARP) indicate a potential impairment in accessing knowledge of word forms and their meanings. Understanding the cause of naming impairments is crucial to better modeling of language production as well as for tailoring individualized rehabilitation. However, evaluation of naming errors is typically by subjective and laborious dichotomous classification. As a result, these evaluations do not capture the degree of semantic similarity and are susceptible to lower interrater reliability because of …

Brain-Wide Versus Genome-Wide Vulnerability Biomarkers For Severe Mental Illnesses, Peter Kochunov, Yizhou Ma, Kathryn S Hatch, Si Gao, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Bhim M Adhikari, Heather Bruce, Andrew Van Der Vaart, Eric L Goldwaser, Aris Sotiras, Mark D Kvarta, Tianzhou Ma, Shuo Chen, Thomas E Nichols, L Elliot Hong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Severe mental illnesses (SMI), including major depressive (MDD), bipolar (BD), and schizophrenia spectrum (SSD) disorders have multifactorial risk factors and capturing their complex etiopathophysiology in an individual remains challenging. Regional vulnerability index (RVI) was used to measure individual's brain‐wide similarity to the expected SMI patterns derived from meta‐analytical studies. It is analogous to polygenic risk scores (PRS) that measure individual's similarity to genome‐wide patterns in SMI. We hypothesized that RVI is an intermediary phenotype between genome and symptoms and is sensitive to both genetic and environmental risks for SMI. UK Biobank sample of N = 17,053/19,265 M/F (age = 64.8 …

Brain Structure In Acutely Underweight And Partially Weight-Restored Individuals With Anorexia Nervosa: A Coordinated Analysis By The Enigma Eating Disorders Working Group, Esther Walton, Fabio Bernardoni, Victoria-Luise Batury, Klaas Bahnsen, Sara Larivière, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Susana Andres-Perpiña, Lasse Bang, Amanda Bischoff-Grethe, Samantha J Brooks, Iain C Campbell, Giammarco Cascino, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Enrico Collantoni, Federico D'Agata, Brigitte Dahmen, Unna N Danner, Angela Favaro, Jamie D Feusner, Guido K W Frank, Hans-Christoph Friederich, John L Graner, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Andreas Hess, Stefanie Horndasch, Allan S Kaplan, Lisa-Katrin Kaufmann, Walter H Kaye, Sahib S Khalsa, Kevin S Labar, Luca Lavagnino, Luisa Lazaro, Renzo Manara, Amy E Miles, Gabriella F Milos, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Palmiero Monteleone, Benson Mwangi, Owen O'Daly, Jose Pariente, Julie Roesch, Ulrike H Schmidt, Jochen Seitz, Megan E Shott, Joe J Simon, Paul A M Smeets, Christian K Tamnes, Elena Tenconi, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Annemarie A Van Elburg, Aristotle N Voineskos, Georg G Von Polier, Christina E Wierenga, Nancy L Zucker, Neda Jahanshad, Joseph A King, Paul M Thompson, Laura A Berner, Stefan Ehrlich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The pattern of structural brain abnormalities in anorexia nervosa (AN) is still not well understood. While several studies report substantial deficits in gray matter volume and cortical thickness in acutely underweight patients, others find no differences, or even increases in patients compared with healthy control subjects. Recent weight regain before scanning may explain some of this heterogeneity. To clarify the extent, magnitude, and dependencies of gray matter changes in AN, we conducted a prospective, coordinated meta-analysis of multicenter neuroimaging data.

Methods: We analyzed T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans assessed with standardized methods from 685 female patients with AN …

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Uv-C Dose For Photoinactivation Of Sars-Cov-2 In Contaminated N95 Respirator, Surgical And Cotton Fabric Masks, Patrícia Metolina, Lilian Gomes De Oliveira, Bruno Ramos, Yan De Souza Angelo, Paola Minoprio, Antonio Carlos Silva Costa Teixeira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As part of efforts to combat the Covid-19 pandemic and decrease the high transmissibility of the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, effective inactivation strategies, such as UV-C decontamination technologies, can be reliably disseminated and well-studied. The present study investigated the susceptibility of a high viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in filtering facepiece respirators (FFR) N95, surgical mask, cotton fabric mask and N95 straps under three different doses of UV-C, applying both real-time PCR (qPCR) and plaque formation assays to quantify viral load reduction and virus infectivity, respectively. The results show that more than 95% of the amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be reduced …

Clinical Impact Of Ceftriaxone Resistance In Escherichia Coli Bloodstream Infections: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study, Pranita D Tamma, Lauren Komarow, Lizhao Ge, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Erica S Herc, Yohei Doi, Cesar A Arias, Owen Albin, Elie Saade, Loren G Miller, Jesse T Jacob, Michael J Satlin, Martin Krsak, W Charles Huskins, Sorabh Dhar, Samuel A Shelburne, Carol Hill, Keri R Baum, Minal Bhojani, Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance, Suzannah M Schmidt-Malan, Robin Patel, Scott R Evans, Henry F Chambers, Vance G Fowler, David Van Duin, Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background

Ceftriaxone-resistant (CRO-R) Escherichia coli bloodstream infections (BSIs) are common.

Methods

This is a prospective cohort of patients with E coli BSI at 14 United States hospitals between November 2020 and April 2021. For each patient with a CRO-R E coli BSI enrolled, the next consecutive patient with a ceftriaxone-susceptible (CRO-S) E coli BSI was included. Primary outcome was desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) at day 30, with 50% probability of worse outcomes in the CRO-R group as the null hypothesis. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was used to reduce confounding.

Results

Notable differences between patients infected with CRO-R and CRO-S …

A Multi-Omics Framework Reveals Strawberry Flavor Genes And Their Regulatory Elements, Zhen Fan, Denise M Tieman, Steven J Knapp, Philipp Zerbe, Randi Famula, Christopher R Barbey, Kevin M Folta, Rodrigo R Amadeu, Manbo Lee, Youngjae Oh, Seonghee Lee, Vance M Whitaker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Flavor is essential to consumer preference of foods and is an increasing focus of plant breeding programs. In fruit crops, identifying genes underlying volatile organic compounds has great promise to accelerate flavor improvement, but polyploidy and heterozygosity in many species have slowed progress. Here we use octoploid cultivated strawberry to demonstrate how genomic heterozygosity, transcriptomic intricacy and fruit metabolomic diversity can be treated as strengths and leveraged to uncover fruit flavor genes and their regulatory elements. Multi-omics datasets were generated including an expression quantitative trait loci map with 196 diverse breeding lines, haplotype-phased genomes of a highly-flavored breeding selection, a …

A Subpopulation Of Oxytocin Neurons Initiate Expression Of Crf Receptor 1 (Crfr1) In Females Post Parturition, Lierni Ugartemendia, Rose M De Guzman, Jing Cai, Shivakumar Rajamanickam, Zhiying Jiang, Jonathan Tao, Damian G Zuloaga, Nicholas J Justice

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Oxytocin (OT) is essential for successful reproduction, particularly during parturition and lactation. During the postpartum period, OT also influences maternal behavior to promote bonding between mothers and their newborns, and increases stress resilience. However, the mechanism by which stress influences OT neuron activity and OT release has remained unclear. Here, we provide evidence that a subpopulation of OT neurons initiate expression of the receptor for the stress neuropeptide Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF), CRFR1, in reproductive females. OT neuron expression of CRFR1 begins at the first parturition and increases during the postpartum period until weaning. The percentage of OT neurons that …

Potential Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitors In Management Of Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities From Herbal Medicine, Feiyu Chen, Zhangfeng Zhong, Cheng Zhang, Yuanjun Lu, Yau-Tuen Chan, Ning Wang, Di Zhao, Yibin Feng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a multifunctional protein involved in cellular communication, integrating and transducing extracellular signals from cell-surface membrane receptors. It plays a central role intracellularly and extracellularly within the tumor microenvironment. Perturbations in FAK signaling promote tumor occurrence and development, and studies have revealed its biological behavior in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Herein we provide an overview of the complex biology of the FAK family members and their context-dependent nature. Next, with a focus on cancer, we highlight the activities of FAK signaling in different types of cancer and how knowledge of them is being used …

Acr Appropriateness Criteria® Lower Extremity Arterial Claudication-Imaging Assessment For Revascularization: 2022 Update, Expert Panel On Vascular Imaging, Ezana M Azene, Michael L Steigner, Ayaz Aghayev, Sarah Ahmad, Rachel E Clough, Maros Ferencik, Sandeep S Hedgire, Caitlin W Hicks, David S Kirsch, Yoo Jin Lee, Lee A Myers, Prashant Nagpal, Nicholas Osborne, Anil K Pillai, Beth Ripley, Nimarta Singh, Richard Thomas, Sanjeeva P Kalva

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Arterial claudication is a common manifestation of peripheral artery disease. This document focuses on necessary imaging before revascularization for claudication. Appropriate use of ultrasound, invasive arteriography, MR angiography, and CT angiography are discussed. The ACR Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology …

Hip Osteoarthritis: A Novel Network Analysis Of Subchondral Trabecular Bone Structures, Mohsen Dorraki, Dzenita Muratovic, Anahita Fouladzadeh, Johan W Verjans, Andrew Allison, David M Findlay, Derek Abbott

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to the progressive destruction of subchondral bone and cartilage at the hip joint. Development of effective treatments for HOA remains an open problem, primarily due to the lack of knowledge of its pathogenesis and a typically late-stage diagnosis. We describe a novel network analysis methodology for microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) images of human trabecular bone. We explored differences between the trabecular bone microstructure of femoral heads with and without HOA. Large-scale automated extraction of the network formed by trabecular bone revealed significant network properties not previously reported for bone. Profound differences …

Protein Profiling By Reverse Phase Protein Array (Rppa) In Classical Hairy Cell Leukemia (Hcl) And Hcl-Variant, Fieke W Hoff, Ti'ara L Griffen, Yihua Qiu, Steven M Kornblau

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Classical hairy cell leukemia (HCL-c) and HCL variant (HCL-v) are recognized as separate entities with HCL-v having significantly shorter overall survival. Proteomic studies, shown to be prognostic in various forms of leukemia, have not been performed in HCL. We performed reverse phase protein array-based protein profiling with 384 antibodies in HCL-c (