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Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 2022-2023, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 118, Number 16

September 5, 2022

Efficacy Of Power Training To Improve Physical Function In Individuals Diagnosed With Frailty And Chronic Disease: A Meta-Analysis, Alexander B. Sklivas, Lauren E. Robinson, Timothy L. Uhl, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden, Kirby P. Mayer

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Muscle power training with emphasis on high-velocity of concentric movement improves physical functionality in healthy older adults, and, maybe superior to traditional exercise programs. Power training may also be advantageous for patients with acute and chronic illnesses, as well as frail individuals. To determine the efficacy of power training compared with traditional resistance training on physical function outcomes in individuals diagnosed with frailty, acute illness or chronic disease. PubMed (MEDLINE), CINAHL, PEDro, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. (1) at least one study group receives muscle power training of randomized controlled trial (RCT) (2) study participants diagnosed as prefrail, frail …

Structural Violence & Small Victories: Political Epidemiology Of Hiv Among Msm In Nigeria, 2000-2010, Debbie A. Dada

Harvey M. Applebaum ’59 Award

No abstract provided.

Ret Signaling Pathway And Ret Inhibitors In Human Cancer, Angelina T Regua, Mariana Najjar, Hui-Wen Lo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rearranged during transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine kinase was first identified over thirty years ago as a novel transforming gene. Since its discovery and subsequent pathway characterization, RET alterations have been identified in numerous cancer types and are most prevalent in thyroid carcinomas and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In other tumor types such as breast cancer and salivary gland carcinomas, RET alterations can be found at lower frequencies. Aberrant RET activity is associated with poor prognosis of thyroid and lung carcinoma patients, and is strongly correlated with increased risk of distant metastases. RET aberrations encompass a variety of genomic or …

Potential Interactions Between Metal-Based Phenanthroline Drugs And The Unfolded Protein Response Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway, Tadhg O'Leary, Pauraic Mccarron, Michael Devereux, Steve Meaney

Articles

The unfolded protein response has recently been implicated as a mechanism by which 1,10-phenanthrolinecontaining coordination compounds trigger cell death. We explored the interaction of two such compounds —one containing copper and one containing manganese—with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Pretreatment with anisomycin significantly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of both metal-based compounds in A2780, but only the copper-based compound in A549 cells. The effects of pretreatment with tunicamycin were dependent on the nature of the metal center in the compounds. In A2780 cells, the cytotoxic action of the copper compound was reduced by tunicamycin only at high concentration. In contrast, in A549 …

Efficacy Of Plasma Activated Saline In A Co‑Culture Infection Control Model, Evanthia Tsoukou, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm

Articles

Plasma activated liquids have demonstrated antimicrobial effects and receive increasing attention due to the potential to strengthen the armoury of novel approaches against antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxic effects of these solutions need to be understood and balanced before exposure to humans. In this study, the antibacterial effects of plasma activated saline (PAS) were tested against Gram negative and positive bacteria, and HaCaT keratinocytes were used for cytotoxicity studies. For the first time, a co-culture model between these bacteria and eukaryotic cells under the influence of PAS has been described. Exposure of saline to plasma resulted …

Associations Of Short And Medium Chain Saturated Fatty Acids And Dairy With Cognitive Functioning In The Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, Sophie M. Kenny

Master's Theses and Capstones

Cognitive decline is a major public health concern. Evidence suggests that Hispanic/Latino adults, specifically Puerto Rican adults, in the US are at a higher risk of developing dementia or cognitive decline due to the high prevalence of risk factors, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that specific dietary fatty acids, short and medium-chain-length saturated fatty acids, that are found in dairy may be beneficial for cognitive function. However, there are limited observational studies examining the effects of SMCSFA and dairy on cognitive function in Hispanic/Latino adults. We examined the cross-sectional and prospective associations between SMCSFA and dairy consumption …

Temporally Sliced Photon Primitives For Volumetric Time-Of-Flight Rendering, Yang Liu

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

Traditional steady-state rendering assumes that the light transport has already reached equilibrium. In contrast, time-of-flight rendering removes this assumption and recovers the pattern of light at extremely high temporal resolutions. This novel rendering modality not only provides a way to visualize the propagation of light, but can also empower the advances in time-of-flight imaging and its corresponding applications.

Building on previous work in steady-state volumetric rendering, this thesis introduces a novel framework for deriving new Monte Carlo estimators for solving the time-of-flight rendering problem in participating media. Conceptually, our method starts with any steady-state photon primitive, like a photon plane …

Molecular Engineering Of Self-Immolative Polymers As Chemically Responsive Temporary Adhesives For Protective Garments, Hana J. Yarbrough

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

The long-term goal of this thesis is to design novel chemical protective garments that both shield and sense for chemical warfare agents. The overarching hypothesis of this work is that joining textiles with a chemically responsive temporary adhesive will reduce the permeability of and detect hazardous analytes across fabric boundaries. Work towards achieving this goal and testing this hypothesis is separated into two chapters. The first chapter reports the development of a self-immolative polymer, poly(phthalaldehyde), into a stimuli-responsive temporary adhesive. Developing poly(phthalaldehyde) as a robust adhesive that rapidly releases substrates would be a significant and novel contribution to the fields …

Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interactions To Improve Nutrient Uptake And Biotic Stress Response In Crops, Jaya Krishna Yakha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mutualism is a very common phenomenon among living organisms on earth. Legumes because of their high protein content, serve as a great nutrient resource for animals. This group of plants can form a mutualistic symbiosis with beneficial microbes. For example, Alfalfa (Medicago) and soybean (Glycine max) can get colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rhizobia bacteria simultaneously forming a complex tripartite interaction for nutrient benefits. Most of the previous research evaluated individual symbionts, either rhizobia bacteria or AMF, but not both. There are only a few reports which discuss the nutrient exchange mechanisms in a tripartite interaction. Thus, there …

Evaluating Fungicide Timing, Efficacy, And Sensitivity As Well As Candidate Resistance Genes Against Fungi Causing Phomopsis Stem Canker In Sunflower, Ruchika Kashyap

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phomopsis stem canker is one of the major diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) caused by complex of Diaporthe spp., in the U.S. This disease became of economic importance after 2010 epidemic in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota and since then the prevalence of this diseases has increased due to increased average precipitation in these major sunflower growing regions of the U.S. The two important disease management strategies involve the use of fungicides and partially resistant hybrids. However, over the years, researchers and growers have seen varied results on Phomopsis stem canker disease severity reduction and yield gains, when …

Design Of Affordable Polyaniline - Based Wearable Sensor For Real Time Plant Growth Monitoring, Temitope Borode

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The need for precision agriculture in today and future farming cannot be overstressed. Recent agriculture is characterized by numerous challenges such as environmental stressors and resource constraints resulting in low crop yield and unsustainable agriculture practices. Understanding plant growth mechanism and growth rate under the external influence is a bedrock towards precision agriculture practices ensuring optimum yield and sustainable utilization of resources. The current study addresses this need by developing and applying an affordable and stable sensor for monitoring plant growth. The sensor was fabricated by in-situ chemical polymerization of aniline on an elastic band substrate by dip coating. The …

Manufacture Of Ingredients For Use In Clean Label Process Cheese Products, Ahmed Hammam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Micellar casein concentrate (MCC) is a high protein ingredient that can be used in several applications, such as manufacture of acid curd and process cheese products (PCP). Acid curd is one of the casein (CN) products, which can be obtained by precipitating the CN at a pH of 4.6 (isoelectric point) using starter cultures or direct acids. Acid curd has low mineral and calcium content due to the solubility of colloidal calcium phosphate at the isoelectric point in the whey. Acid curd and MCC can be utilized in manufacture of clean label PCP formulations. PCP is a dairy food prepared …

Defining Amino Acid Requirements Of Pregnant Sows: Challenges And Opportunities, Christian D. Ramirez-Camba

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The efficient use of protein in animal production is dependent on the protein supply and its constituent amino acids (AA) in relation to the animal's needs. Excess AA are deaminated, and the resulting nitrogen (N) is excreted, whereas suboptimal AA intake reduces animal performance. Both increased nutrient excretion and decreased animal performance reduce the overall efficiency of the production unit. In sows, AA requirements should be adequate for optimizing reproductive performance, as measured, for example, by the number of pigs produced per sow per year while limiting N excretion. There is a desire to feed pregnant sows AA levels that …

Gendered Negotiation Of Space: A Study On Gender And Mobility Among Transgender Persons In Pakistan, Sana Illahe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Transgender persons, known as khwaja sira in Pakistan, have historically been marginalized and excluded from various spatial domains, as they do not fit the societal norms of binary gender. They are subject to gender discipline by the Pakistani society to coerce them into conforming to the social norms. This research study uses in-depth interviews and applies grounded theory in conjunction with Michel Foucault’s concept of discipline to explore how khwaja sira are subject to societal discipline in Pakistan. The discipline ranges from tacit to overt forms, including verbal and sexual harassment. Khwaja sira are disciplined within their families, in formal …

Factors Influencing Mortality Of Stocked Rainbow Trout In Black Hills Reservoirs, Charles A. Mordhorst

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Because return to angler is an important outcome of put-and-take fisheries, understanding mortality of stocked Rainbow Trout is fundamental to managing these fisheries. Harvest rates of stocked Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Black Hills of South Dakota are believed to be below management objectives. Rainbow Trout not harvested by anglers are assumed to be lost to various sources of mortality, raising concerns about the cost of the Rainbow Trout stocking program relative to the benefit provided to anglers. (Simpson 2008). This study evaluated the factors influencing mortality of Rainbow Trout stocked into Black Hills reservoirs. We assessed the effects …

Optimization Of Electrically Driven Fluid Flow Through Tissue Hydrogels, Joseph C. Walker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Identification And Characterization Of Candidate Rumen Bacterial Species From Beef Cattle With The Potential For Metabolizing Lipids, Cheyenne E. Hron

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ruminants and the microorganisms within their rumen have an intricate symbiotic relationship. Ruminants are able to convert plant materials that are indigestible to humans into meat, milk, and fiber for human consumption and use. Supplementing lipids in diets fed to beef cattle could be beneficial for the host animal as lipids are a higher density energy source. However, they can be detrimental to rumen microorganisms. While much research has been involved in elucidating the composition of the ruminal microbiome, knowledge of the effects of lipids on the ruminal microbiome has been quite limited. In this context, we took advantage of …

Evaluating Avian Use Of Cover Crops In The Corn Belt, Megan Figura

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The tallgrass prairie of North America has changed drastically since colonial settlement, with up to 99% of this region converted for agriculture and other land-uses. Concurrent with grassland conversion, grassland birds have experienced the most extreme, consistent, and widespread population declines of any avian guild. Agricultural lands in the U.S. Midwest were able to provide adequate habitat for several bird species until the 1950’s; however, altered and intensified management practices have degraded much of remaining suitable habitat and undermined ecosystem functions. Consequently, many grassland birds have been identified as Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) in many State Wildlife Action …

Pathogen Prevalence In Domestic Sheep In Western Nebraska: Implications For Bighorn Sheep Conservation And Coexistence On A Multi-Use Landscape, Kaytlin Bohr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) and domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are members of the same genus and thus share multiple pathogens that can be spread between them. One specific respiratory pathogen of concern is Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae), which has been linked to pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep that are often characterized by all age die offs upon initial exposure followed by years of low lamb recruitment. Domestic sheep have been identified as one carrier of M. ovipneumoniae with transmission between sheep species occurring when there is close contact on the landscape. To prevent this cross-species transmission, importance has been placed …

Preparation And Characterization Of Cellulose-Based Biodegradable Films From Switchgrass And Spent Coffee Grounds, Sajal Bhattarai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Plastic packaging materials, which take more than 700 years to degrade, have polluted land, water, and the atmosphere. The consequent environmental and life hazards require attention to alleviate plastic concerns. Developing plastic-replacing materials could be a viable option. To this end, lignocellulosic fraction from inexpensive and widespread agricultural biomass switchgrass (SG) and biowaste spent coffee grounds (SCG) offer a possible solution, mainly to prepare biodegradable packaging films. Herein, lignocellulosic fraction from SG and SCG has been extracted, solubilized in ZnCl2 solution, and crosslinked through Ca2+ ions to prepare gels and cast biodegradable films. The SG was subjected to three extraction …

Impact Of Storage And Different Variety On Proximate Composition And Functionality Of Lentils, Hussain Al Naser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lentil (Lens culinaris) is an edible pulse and is a nutritious legume. The nutrient value and the application of lentils in other food resources have been well documented. However, there exists a lack of studies that focus on the storage impact of pulses on lentil composition and functionality. The focus of most studies has been on the composition of lentils while the composition relative to and functionality of stored lentils has not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of storage conditions on the nutrient composition and the functional properties of lentils. Four …

To Study The Factors Influencing The Sampling Variability On Microbiological Analysis Of Milk And Whey, Ratul Kalita

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sampling and analysis are integral parts of dairy processing in quality control, process monitoring and control, and meeting regulatory standards. Accurate sampling is vital to avoid erroneous analysis results and interpretation. The sampling process depends on the appropriateness of sample collection, transportation, storage, and analysis conditions. The bacterial heterogeneity and cluster formation, structural heterogeneity of food, sample unit and size, frequency, and sampling methods, are also crucial in sampling. We aimed to evaluate the influence of sample volume, sampling frequency, and sampling methods in experimental processing lines of whole milk, skim milk, and whey. To standardize the experimental protocols, a …

A Process To Produce Lactose Phosphate From Dairy Byproducts And Used As An Alternative To Emulsifying Salts In Processed Cheese Food Manufacture, Khalid Ahmed Alsaleem

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lactose is the primary carbohydrate in most mammals' milk, commonly known as milk sugar. Milk permeate is a by-product of whey protein manufacturing through membrane technologies. It is cost-effective, available, and an excellent source of lactose. Sugar phosphorylation is a technique used to alter sugar's characteristics. It has numerous applications for developing dairy and food products. Lactose-6-phosphate (LP) is an organic compound that switches the hydrogen on lactose by monophosphate that has the potential to function as emulsifying salts (ES). ES, such as disodium phosphate (DSP) and trisodium citrate, have a critical effect on the emulsification characteristics of casein by …

An Interpretative Phenomenological Study Of Undergraduate Student Wellness: Exploring Generation Z Student Wellness Experiences During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kristen Pepin

Open Access Dissertations

Qualitative research exploring undergraduate student wellness during a pandemic was scarce prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 and is still lacking. Studies investigating student wellness during pandemics often fracture the concept by quantitatively researching specific wellness dimensions (Cao et al., 2020; Galea et al., 2020; Tang et al., 2020) as opposed to exploring the construct from a holistic perspective. Additionally, few studies aim to understand how undergraduate students make meaning of wellness and their lived wellness experiences, specifically during a pandemic. Furthermore, emerging research (Huckins et al., 2020) corroborates the extant literature that posit student health behaviors were declining in …

Treprostinil, A Prostacyclin Analog, Protects Kidney From Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Preclinical Studies In A Rat Model Of Acute Kidney Injury, Meiwen Ding

Open Access Dissertations

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs in a variety of clinical settings, including sepsis, cardiac bypass, shock, or kidney transplantation. Renal IRI is often unavoidable and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for this diverse set of patients. However, no pharmacological treatments for prevention or amelioration of renal IRI are available.

Renal IRI is a multifactorial process and a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). During renal IRI, the initial decline in tissue oxygen reduces oxidative phosphorylation and depletes intracellular ATP stores, ultimately leading to mitochondria damage and disruption of renal tubular epithelial cell structure. One of the …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Homemade Explosives, Lindsay R. Mclennan

Open Access Dissertations

Homemade explosive (HME) is a general term used to encompass energetics easily prepared from materials that consumers can purchase, but because of sensitivity, stability, and/or performance, often have no legitimate commercial or military use. HME preparation has been described in many books and message board threads for years with varying levels of detail and correctness. The class of HMEs is broad and includes fuel/oxidizer mixtures (e.g. ammonium nitrate/fuel oil or ANFO), nitrate esters (e.g. erythritol tetranitrate, ETN), and peroxides (e.g. triacetone triperoxide, TATP). Though the energetic properties for many of these compounds have been known for over a century, they …

Multi-Scale Threat Assessment Of Riverine Ecosystems In The Colorado River Basin, Lise Comte, Julian D. Olden, Stacy Lischka, Brett G. Dickson

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

Freshwater ecosystems are facing a deepening biodiversity crisis. Developing robust indicators to assess ecological integrity across large spatial scales and identifying the specific threats and pathways of impairment are thus critically needed if we are to inform freshwater conservation strategies. Here we present the first comprehensive threat assessment across the Colorado River Basin – one of the largest and most endangered river basins in North America – using a spatial framework accounting for the wide range of human activities (land uses, transportation infrastructure, exploitative activities, water withdrawals), pathways (local footprint, overland runoff, upstream cumulative effects), and spatial extent of influence …

Estimation And Consequences Of Asymmetric Dispersal On The Genetics Of Coastal Marine Organisms In 1-D Habitats, Kyle Teller

Doctoral Dissertations

Estimation and Consequences of Asymmetric Dispersal on the Genetics of Coastal Marine Organisms in 1-D Habitats

Many natural populations have a dispersal that is biased in one direction (asymmetric dispersal), due to physical factors in the environment such as currents in the ocean that transport larvae or winds that carry seeds. These physical factors create a preferred direction for offspring to be carried (the “downstream” direction). When there is asymmetric dispersal there are two parameters that define the dispersal distance, the mean downstream distance, and the standard deviation of dispersal distances. This present research analyzes the effects of the mean …

Dat3m: A Data Tracker For Multi-Faceted Management Of Multi-Site Clinical Research Data Submission, Curation, Master Inventorying, And Sharing, Shiqiang Tao, Licong Cui, Wei-Chun Chou, Samden Lhatoo, Guo-Qiang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Managing research data is an important and challenging aspect of clinical studies, especially for multi-site collaboratives. To address this challenge, we designed, developed and deployed a multi-faceted, multi-level interactive data tracker (DaT3M) for multi-site clinical research data submission, curation, master inventorying, and sharing. Components of DaT3M include data overview, data portal, data status panel, data query engine, and data downloader. DaT3M managed clinical research data for the Center for SUDEP Research (CSR). The CSR instance of DaT3M includes 2,743 subjects from seven data contributing institutions, 7 data modalities and 10,678 data components: 3,398 Epilepsy Monitoring Unit reports, 3,440 electroencephalography recordings, …