Digital Commons Network^™

Investigation Of The Methylome Pattern Changes In Phytophthora Sojae Infected Soybean (Glycine Max), Shyaron Poudel

Student Theses and Dissertations

Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSR), a soybean disease causes annual losses of up to $250 million in the United States alone. Using the Rps (resistant to Phytophthora sojae) gene in soybean is the main management technique. However, Rps genes are only effective until 8-15 years in the field. Therefore, further understanding of the Rps gene regulation and immune response in soybean is desperately needed. In this study, first, three commercial DNA methylation detection kits were examined on soybean (cultivar Williams 82,which carries Rps1k) DNA samples. All three kits provided libraries with excellent quality and coverage. Secondly, the differential DNA …

Unraveling The Anti-Inflammatory And Cardioprotective Mechanism Of Prenylated Stilbenoids From Peanut Hairy Root Cultures In Vitro And In Vivo, Md Rokib Hasan

Student Theses and Dissertations

Stilbenoids are a non-flavonoid class of polyphenols that are important for their potential medicinal applications. Resveratrol, ione of the most well-studied compounds of this group, has various medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and many other properties. Prenylated stilbenoids which include arachidin-1 and arachidin-3 are produced as a defense response to biotic and abiotic stresses in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Prenylation has been shown to enhance the biological activities of polyphenolic compounds and thus arachidins may have higher anti-inflammatory activity than resveratrol in addition to many other potential health applications. However, the molecular mechanism of the arachidins as an anti-inflammatory and …

A Marine Natural Capital Asset And Risk Register—Towards Securing The Benefits From Marine Systems And Linked Ecosystem Services, Siân E. Rees, Matthew Ashley, Andy Cameron, Tom Mullier, Chrissie Ingle, Jenny Oates, Aisling Lannin, Tara Hooper, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Cysteine Variant At An Allosteric Site Alters Mif Dynamics And Biological Function In Homo- And Heterotrimeric Assemblies, Erin Skeens, Georgios Pantouris, Dilip Shah, Ramu Manjula, Michael J. Ombrello, N. Karl Maluf, Vineet Bhandari, George P. Lisi, Elias J. Lolis

Pacific Faculty Work

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory protein with various non-overlapping functions. It is not only conserved in mammals, but it is found in parasites, fish, and plants. Human MIF is a homotrimer with an enzymatic cavity between two subunits with Pro1 as a catalytic base, activates the receptors CD74, CXCR2, and CXCR4, has functional interactions in the cytosol, and is reported to be a nuclease. There is a solvent channel down its 3-fold axis with a recently identified gating residue as an allosteric site important for regulating, to different extents, the enzymatic activity and CD74 binding and signaling. …

Cryo-Et Of Toxoplasma Parasites Gives Subnanometer Insight Into Tubulin-Based Structures, Stella Y Sun, Li-Av Segev-Zarko, Muyuan Chen, Grigore D Pintilie, Michael F Schmid, Steven J Ludtke, John C Boothroyd, Wah Chiu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Tubulin is a conserved protein that polymerizes into different forms of filamentous structures in Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa. Two key tubulin-containing cytoskeletal components are subpellicular microtubules (SPMTs) and conoid fibrils (CFs). The SPMTs help maintain shape and gliding motility, while the CFs are implicated in invasion. Here, we use cryogenic electron tomography to determine the molecular structures of the SPMTs and CFs in vitrified intact and detergent-extracted parasites. Subvolume densities from detergent-extracted parasites yielded averaged density maps at subnanometer resolutions, and these were related back to their architecture in situ. An intralumenal spiral …

Regulation Of The Double-Stranded Rna Response Through Adar1 Licenses Metaplastic Reprogramming In Gastric Epithelium, José B. Sáenz, Nancy Vargas, Charles J. Cho, Jason C. Mills

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Cells recognize both foreign and host-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via a signaling pathway that is usually studied in the context of viral infection. It has become increasingly clear that the sensing and handling of endogenous dsRNA is also critical for cellular differentiation and development. The adenosine RNA deaminase, ADAR1, has been implicated as a central regulator of the dsRNA response, but how regulation of the dsRNA response might mediate cell fate during injury and whether such signaling is cell intrinsic remain unclear. Here, we show that the ADAR1-mediated response to dsRNA was dramatically induced in 2 distinct injury models of …

Myocardial Rev-Erb-Mediated Diurnal Metabolic Rhythm And Obesity Paradox, Shiyang Song, Chih-Liang Tien, Hao Cui, Paul Basil, Ningxia Zhu, Yingyun Gong, Wenbo Li, Hui Li, Qiying Fan, Jong Min Choi, Weijia Luo, Yanfeng Xue, Rui Cao, Wenjun Zhou, Andrea R Ortiz, Brittany Stork, Vatsala Mundra, Nagireddy Putluri, Brian York, Maoping Chu, Jiang Chang, Sung Yun Jung, Liang Xie, Jiangping Song, Lilei Zhang, Zheng Sun

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The nuclear receptor Rev-erbα/β, a key component of the circadian clock, emerges as a drug target for heart diseases, but the function of cardiac Rev-erb has not been studied in vivo. Circadian disruption is implicated in heart diseases, but it is unknown whether cardiac molecular clock dysfunction is associated with the progression of any naturally occurring human heart diseases. Obesity paradox refers to the seemingly protective role of obesity for heart failure, but the mechanism is unclear.

METHODS: We generated mouse lines with cardiac-specific Rev-erbα/β knockout (KO), characterized cardiac phenotype, conducted multi-omics (RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics) …

Helminths Of Thomomys Species (Rodentia: Geomyidae) Of Oregon, Malorri Rene Hughes

Dissertations and Theses

Although often viewed as inconsequential, parasites have significant ecological and evolutionary importance, and studying them can generate knowledge regarding their environments and their hosts. Helminths (intestinal parasites) infecting Western pocket gophers (Thomomys species) in Oregon had been documented based only on morphology prior to this study. Basing parasite identification solely on morphology is problematic because the characteristics used to identify species can be vague or similar, leading to misidentification or obscuring the true biodiversity present. Using molecular markers to verify species present not only is more reliable but also can be informative in terms of the host-parasite association. To …

Combatting Climate Change Through Conservation Easements, Claire Wright

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Individual, Social And Institutional Vulnerabilities In The Premature Infant Care At Home, Claudia Silveira Viera Ms, Leticia Pancieri Ms, Rosane Meire Munhak Da Silva Ms, Monika Wernet Ms, Maria Aparecida Munhoz Gaiva Ms, Debora Falleiros De Mello Ms

The Qualitative Report

The prematurity carries some difficulties for families during the preterm infant hospitalization, as well as, after hospital discharge. In this context, is required a specific knowledge about the preterm biological characteristics, family’s life conditions, health care, and social context. This study aims to analyze parent’s experiences on daily home care for preterm infants focusing on individual, social and institutional vulnerabilities. Descriptive qualitative study was developed through the hermeneutic perspective approach, in South of Brazil with six families, who had babies discharged from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Non-structured interviews were recorded in the home visit with 12 participants (parents) and genogram …

Toxical Effect Of Euphorbia Guyoniana Aqueous Extracts (Euphorbiaceae) On Mortality, Larval Development And Sexual Behavior Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Chabi Lila, Habbachi Wafa, Tahraoui Abdelkrim

Journal of Bioresource Management

Euphorbia guyoniana (Boiss and Reut) is a plant of Euphorbiaceae family common throughout the northern Sahara and pre-desert regions. In traditional medicine, they are used in the treatment of various infections. Euphorbiaceae contain various chemical compounds families such as alkaloids, which give them a toxic effect. The toxic effects of seeds decoctions on mortality and development of 3rd instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. A treatment by ingestion shows a good larvicidal activity of this extract. It was shown that the chemical compounds contained in the extract, act on the fly development cycle as most of pupae do not …

Preliminary Survey And Diet Analysis Of Anurans In The Riparian Zone Of Calayagon Watershed, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines, Jenessa Verna B. Salo, Chennie L. Solania

Journal of Bioresource Management

Watersheds are critical habitats for a diverse array of organisms. Among all the fauna, anurans are excellent biological indicators of environmental health. The community structure is often associated with a relationship between species diversity and diet. An anuran survey was conducted along riparian zones of three selected barangays of Calayagon Watershed (Guinabsan, Rizal, and Malpoc), Philippines. Extensive opportunistic methods for a total of 480 man-hours were spent traversing the area. A total of 195 individuals, consisting of seven species from four families, were recorded. Seventy-two percent of the individual species were regarded as Least concern, and 14 % were Near-threatened. …

Identification And Characterization Of Active Ingredient Eugenol From Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove Oil) Through Hplc And Its Phytochemical Analysis, Ambreen Kanwal, Saba Irshad, Nimra Akmal, Nayab Batool Rizwi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, is one of the most valuable, ancient and premium essential oil which has been used as source of spice in agro-food industry and therapeutics for centuries. The aim of the present study was to analyze biological activities of clove oil as well as characterization of its active component Eugenol to make it worthwhile for different food and pharmaceutical formulations. Clove oil extraction was performed by Soxhlet method. Its phytochemical analysis showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids, saponnins, and tannins while proteins and leucoanthocyanins were absent in it. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay was performed which …

The Study Of Tree Biomass Calculation By Comparing Partial Harvest Method With The Allometric Equations Method, Kanlayarat Jantawong, Titinan Pothong

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study aimed to investigate the effective of partial harvest method used for tree biomass estimation. Such method was analyzed for the correlation in compare with invented allometric equations. The advantages and disadvantages of those methods were discussed. The significantly difference between estimation methods were analyzed. As a result, tree biomass calculated by the Brown’s allometric equation produced highest results, followed by the partial harvest method, Tsutsumi’s, Chave’s and Pothong’s equations respectively. The selected allometric equations showed the positive correlation with partial harvest method. The highest positive correlation was found between the partial harvest method and both equation of Chave …

A Dominant Negative Variant Of Rab5b Disrupts Maturation Of Surfactant Protein B And Surfactant Protein C, Huiyan Huang, Jiehong Pan, Ariz Mohammad, Tao Huang, Anika G Lindsey, Hyori Kim, Jian Chen, Avinash Ramu, Stephanie A Morrison, Zachary D Dawson, Alex Z Hu, Eric Tycksen, Gary A Silverman, Dustin Baldridge, Jennifer A Wambach, Stephen C. Pak, Steven L Brody, Tim Schedl, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Pathogenic variants in surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C cause surfactant deficiency and interstitial lung disease. Surfactant proteins are synthesized as precursors (proSP-B, proSP-C), trafficked, and processed via a vesicular-regulated secretion pathway; however, control of vesicular trafficking events is not fully understood. Through the Undiagnosed Diseases Network, we evaluated a child with interstitial lung disease suggestive of surfactant deficiency. Variants in known surfactant dysfunction disorder genes were not found in trio exome sequencing. Instead, a de novo heterozygous variant in

Outcome Of Allogeneic Transplantation For Mature T-Cell Lymphomas: Impact Of Donor Source And Disease Characteristics, Mehdi Hamadani, Amanda F Cashen, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Mature T-cell lymphomas constitute the most common indication for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) of all lymphomas. Large studies evaluating contemporary outcomes of allo-HCT in mature T-cell lymphomas relative to commonly used donor sources are not available. Included in this registry study were adult patients who had undergone allo-HCT for anaplastic large cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), or peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) between 2008 and 2018. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) platforms compared were posttransplant cyclophosphamide-based haploidentical (haplo-)HCT, matched sibling donor (MSD) HCT, matched unrelated donor HCT with in vivo T-cell depletion (MUD TCD+), and matched unrelated …

Ddr1 Contributes To Kidney Inflammation And Fibrosis By Promoting The Phosphorylation Of Bcr And Stat3, Corina M. Borza, Gema Bolas, Fabian Bock, Xiuqi Zhang, Favour C Akabogu, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Mark De Caestecker, Min Yang, Haichun Yang, Ethan Lee, Leslie Gewin, Agnes B Fogo, W Hayes Mcdonald, Roy Zent, Ambra Pozzi

Open Access Publications

Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by collagen, contributes to chronic kidney disease. However, its role in acute kidney injury and subsequent development of kidney fibrosis is not clear. Thus, we performed a model of severe ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury that progressed to kidney fibrosis in WT and Ddr1-null mice. We showed that Ddr1-null mice had reduced acute tubular injury, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis with overall decreased renal monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) levels and STAT3 activation. We identified breakpoint cluster region (BCR) protein as a phosphorylated target of DDR1 that controls MCP-1 production in renal proximal …

Stromal Architecture Directs Early Dissemination In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Arja Ray, Mackenzie K. Callaway, Nelson J. Rodríguez-Merced, Alexandra L. Crampton, Marjorie Carlson, Kenneth B. Emme, Ethan A. Ensminger, Alexander A. Kinne, Jonathan H. Schrope, Haley R. Rasmussen, Hong Jiang, David G. Denardo, David K. Wood, Paolo P. Provenzano

Open Access Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is an extremely metastatic and lethal disease. Here, in both murine and human PDA, we demonstrate that extracellular matrix architecture regulates cell extrusion and subsequent invasion from intact ductal structures through tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS). This results in early dissemination from histologically premalignant lesions and continual invasion from well-differentiated disease, and it suggests TACS as a biomarker to aid in the pathologic assessment of early disease. Furthermore, we show that pancreatitis results in invasion-conducive architectures, thus priming the stroma prior to malignant disease. Analysis in potentially novel microfluidic-derived microtissues and in vivo demonstrates decreased extrusion and …

Newsroom, Georgia Southern University

Newsroom (2006-2023)

• Georgia Sothern's Public Impact Research Focus Continues to Flourish

An Inkjet Printed Flexible Electrocorticography (Ecog) Microelectrode Array On A Thin Parylene-C Film, Yoontae Kim, Stella Alimperti, Paul Choi, Moses Noh

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Electrocorticography (ECoG) is a conventional, invasive technique for recording brain signals from the cortical surface using an array of electrodes. In this study, we developed a highly flexible 22-channel ECoG microelectrode array on a thin Parylene film using novel fabrication techniques. Narrow (<40 >µm) and thin (<500 >nm) microelectrode patterns were first printed on PDMS, then the patterns were transferred onto Parylene films via vapor deposition and peeling. A custom-designed, 3D-printed connector was built and assembled with the Parylene-based flexible ECoG microelectrode array without soldering. The impedance of the assembled ECoG electrode array was measured in vitro by electrochemical impedance …

Unravelling Causes Of Poor Crop Response To Applied N And P Fertilizers On African Soils, Gudeta W. Sileshi, Job Kihara, Lulseged Tamene, Bernard Vanlauwe, Elijah Phiri, Bashir Jama

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

A number of studies across sub-Saharan Africa have recently reported poor crop responses and low agronomic use efficiencies of applied nitrogen (AEN), phosphorus (AEP) and potassium (AEK). However, the conditions under which non-responsiveness occurs, its underlying causes and its probability of occurrence on different soil types are not well understood. Using data from 542 sites and 14 soil types in 23 African countries, we provide novel insights into the linkage between lack of response to applied N, P and K, the mineralogy of soils and their resilience to erosion. We estimated mean responses as well as the probabilities (φ) of …

Empowering Local Practitioners To Collect And Report On Anthropogenic Riverine And Marine Debris Using Inexpensive Methods In India, Katharine A. Owens, Jaya Divakaran Sarasamma, Katie Conlon, Solomon Kiruba, Alwyn Biju, Niyathi Vijay, Manikandan Subramanian, Smitha Asok Vjayamma, Ayona Jayadev, Multiple Additional Authors

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article includes a review of the literature on marine debris in an Indian context and introduces a replicable, scientific, and inexpensive collection method to build capacity and inform policymakers. We share baseline data resulting from ten cleanups using these methods in India. This method was introduced in a 2019 workshop to train Indian researchers, leading to local-led collections in three states and two Union Territories (8 beaches, 2 riversides) yielding 33,474 individual pieces of debris weighing a total of 599.15 kg. Plastic was the most frequently found material at all ten collection sites, comprising from 45% to 89% of …

Characterization Of Site-Specific Vegetation Activity In Alaskan Wet And Dry Tundra As Related To Climate And Soil State, Michael Gregory Brown, Kyle C. Mcdonald, Reiner Zimmermann, Nicholas Steiner, Stephanie Devries, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

We present discrete (2-h resolution) multi-year (2008–2017) in situ measurements of seasonal vegetation growth and soil biophysical properties from two sites on Alaska's North Slope, USA, representing dry and wet sedge tundra. We examine measurements of vertical active soil layer temperature and soil moisture profiles (freeze/thaw status), woody shrub vegetation physiological activity, and meteorological site data to assess interrelationships within (and between) these two study sites. Vegetation phenophases (cold de-hardening start, physiological function start, stem growth start, stem growth end, physiological function end, cold hardening completion) were found to have greater interannual day of year (DOY) occurrence variability at the …

Breakthrough Medicines During The Covid-19 Pandemic Era, Eswara Naga Hanuma Kumar Ghali, Vijian Dhevan, Shravan K. Narmala, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of The Double-Stranded Rna Response Through Adar1 Licenses Metaplastic Reprogramming In Gastric Epithelium, José B Sáenz, Nancy Vargas, Charles J Cho, Jason C Mills

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cells recognize both foreign and host-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via a signaling pathway that is usually studied in the context of viral infection. It has become increasingly clear that the sensing and handling of endogenous dsRNA is also critical for cellular differentiation and development. The adenosine RNA deaminase, ADAR1, has been implicated as a central regulator of the dsRNA response, but how regulation of the dsRNA response might mediate cell fate during injury and whether such signaling is cell intrinsic remain unclear. Here, we show that the ADAR1-mediated response to dsRNA was dramatically induced in 2 distinct injury models of …

Differences In Research On Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: How Trauma-Type And Sex Contribute To The Published Research, Jessica Anzalone, Sharon Ramos-Goyette, Marissa Morganelli, Merideth Krevosky

Journal of International Women's Studies

There is a pervasive and comprehensive history of sexism in the pursuit of scientific truth, extending back beyond the days of “hysteria” and continuing still. Herein, we discuss a disparity in scientific research on a disorder thought to affect less than 8% of the adult population in the USA with the number of women diagnosed with the disorder estimated to be two to three times higher than that of men. While post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more likely to be experienced by women, we find that the overwhelming majority of published scientific literature on PTSD involves male combat veterans. For …

Gender Inequality Affecting Women’S Career Progression In Malaysia, Krishna Moorthy, Nik Mohamad Zaki Nik Salleh, Loh Chun T'Ing, Lai Pui Ling, Diong Min Yeng, Lau Jia Ning, Lee Jer Sin, Lee Pui Mun

Journal of International Women's Studies

The objective of this research is to assess whether gender inequality affects women’s career progression in Malaysia. The study examines the relationship between patriarchy, gender stereotypes, organisational cultural factors, family factors, and individual factors with women’s career progression. The study has adopted the Glass Ceiling Theory and feminist theory. A total of 250 questionnaires were collected from women employees working in Malaysia. The study revealed that patriarchy, organisational cultural factors, and family factors had a significant relationship with women’s career progression while gender stereotypes and individual factors had no significant relationship with women’s career progression. The findings of this study …

He Said, She Said: A Critical Content Analysis Of Sexist Language Used In Disney’S The Little Mermaid (1989) And Mulan (1998), Shakira Begum

Journal of International Women's Studies

This study looks at how Disney princess films perpetuate sexist tropes through language. By focusing on both feminism and linguistics, it uses an interdisciplinary approach underpinned by data analysis and media criticism. This paper uses a content analysis study of The Little Mermaid (1989) and Mulan (1998) to look at Disney’s role in shaping representations of women, and how this representation has shifted within the decade of the release of these two films. This paper answers the question: in what ways does language in media perpetuate sexist tropes; more specifically, how has the language of male characters in media perpetuated …

Florence Nightingale, The Colossus: Was She A Feminist?, Susan Hogan

Journal of International Women's Studies

Nightingale displayed a particular brand of feminism that reflected the circumstances of her era. The question of women’s involvement in healthcare is addressed through an analysis of Nightingale’s most famous work, Notes on Nursing. What it is, and what it is not (1859/60). Then other key works are scrutinised with reference to ideas about female involvement in healthcare and how she addresses the position of women in general terms. Nightingale’s works, Notes on Hospitals (1859); Suggestions for Thought to the Searchers after Truth among the Artisans of England (1860); Introductory Notes on Lying-In Institutions (1871) are focussed upon illustrating her …

Mobilizing Masculinity: Conscription, Gender, And Community Wellbeing In Lithuania, Frances Harrison

Journal of International Women's Studies

In the wake of Russia’s 2014 annexation of Crimea, the conscription law in Lithuania has been reinstated for men, and partnerships with Western security structures reinforced. While young men are otherwise mobilizing to navigate socioeconomic uncertainty to improve their livelihoods under depressed conditions, the revitalization of mandatory military service increasingly polices individual experiences of wellbeing in gendered and nationalistic ways. Drawing from feminist analyses of securitization and from theories of gender performativity, this article examines how the Lithuanian State, together with the Lithuanian Armed Forces (LAF), mobilize masculinity and the construction of militarized identities in order to shape public support …