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The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Pushing The Boundaries Of U.S. Regulation: A Systematic Review, Gutierrez Gaviria, Carlos Ignacio

Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal

Artificial Intelligence’s (AI) growing catalog of applications and methods has the potential to profoundly affect public policy by generating instances where regulations are not adequate to confront the issues faced by society, also known as regulatory gaps. The objective of this article is to improve our understanding of how AI influences U.S. public policy. It does so by systematically exploring, for the first time, this technology’s role in the generation of regulatory gaps. Specifically, it addresses two research questions:

1. What U.S. regulatory gaps exist due to AI methods and applications?

2. When looking across all of the gaps identified in the …

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End Matter

Journal of International Business and Law

No abstract provided.

Researching The Legal Culture Of The Bureaucracy: An Introduction To Ethnographic Study Of Procedural Criminal Law (Meneliti Budaya Hukum Aparat: Sebuah Pengantar Tentang Etnografi Dalam Studi Hukum Acara Pidana), Fachrizal Afandi

The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies

This article presents the development of ethnographic research to understand the culture and performance of criminal justice actors (i.e. police, prosecutors, judges, probation officers). This article begins by outlining the lack of socio-legal research in Indonesian criminal justice research, which results in a scarcity of academic contributions to criminal justice reform. This article then provides an introduction to how the socio-legal approach influences criminal law research and how the ethnographic approach contributes to the study of criminal justice. Before the final section of this article, I discuss the challenges of conducting ethnographic research and suggestions based on my experience as …

Another Second Chance: Rehabilitation Of Marital Rape Offender For The Victim’S Recovery, Iva Kasuma, Farisa Azhara, Afida Ilfa, Shofiyah Adila Farhana

The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies

Not all victims of marital rape want a divorce, generally victims long to maintain their marriage and for the perpetrators to correct their own behaviors. Victims are also bound to the strong culture that condones sexual relations without consent as long as it is carried out within the framework of a legal marriage. This study aims to demonstrate the importance of rehabilitation for offenders of marital rape by examining various laws and regulations in Indonesia and the obstacles to their implementation. Methodologically, data were obtained from doctrinal studies of Indonesian law and court decisions related to marital rape and empirical …

Prediction Of Bystander Intervention Behavior In A Sexual Assault Situation: The Role Of Religiosity, Empathy, And Gratitude, John D. Foubert, Mwarumba Mwavita, Kelva Hunger, Wei-Kang Kao, Pam Pittman-Adkins

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Bystander intervention in potential sexual assault situations is a common method of helping to address sexual violence on college campuses. Although numerous variables have been shown to mediate bystander intervention behavior, the pool of potential correlates is limited. The present study used regression analysis to determine the relationship between bystander behavior and three predictors: religiosity, gratitude, and victim empathy. Consistent with prior research, both religiosity and gratitude significantly predicted bystander behavior. Contrary to prior research, the relationship between victim empathy and bystander behavior was negative. Findings are discussed relating to potential bystander intervention programs, and future research, particularly on gratitude, …

The First Step Act And Individualized Review: Must Judges Apply The 18 U.S.C.   3553(A) Factors To Section 404 Petitioners?, Kielan Barua

Fordham Law Review

In 2010, the U.S. Congress amended the notorious mandatory minimum sentencing structure for crack cocaine offenses in response to the decades of harm it had caused. As the amendment was not retroactive, Congress passed the First Step Act of 2018 to allow prisoners incarcerated before 2010 to petition their original sentencing court for discretionary relief based on the new penalties. However, what exactly these courts must do when deciding whether to grant relief has divided the circuits. Some circuits require an up-to-date consideration of defendants’ individual mitigating circumstances and whether their sentences are the minimum necessary to satisfy the purposes …

Opening The Safety Valve: A Second Look At Compassionate Release Under The First Step Act, Michael T. Hamilton

Fordham Law Review

Under federal law, judges are generally prohibited from changing a sentence once it has been imposed. Compassionate release, to put it simply, provides a “safety valve” against this general principle, allowing federal judges to reduce a prisoner’s sentence when it is warranted by “extraordinary and compelling reasons.” For the past thirty years, statutory and bureaucratic roadblocks made compassionate release an unlikely avenue for prisoners to receive sentence reductions. With the passage of the First Step Act of 2018, the U.S. Congress made the first significant changes to the compassionate release statute in decades, permitting defendants for the first time to …

The Family Connection: Examining The Transitional Impact On Family Members Of Returning Citizens Reentering Society, Leon Rankins

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to define and measure more extensively the personal barriers of family members of returning citizens recently released from incarceration in the United States. Also sought was examining the returning citizen's family members' perspectives of their issues relating to their loved ones in the reintegration process and how their challenges and barriers impacted their desire to provide transitional support to the returning citizen. The theory guiding this study is Bowen's family system theory as it suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their …

Money Finds A Way: Increasing Aml Regulation Garners Diminishing Returns And Increases Demand For Dark Financing, Jacquelyn B. Lewis

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The cost of anti-money laundering regulations has grown to many billions of dollars, and countries worldwide are increasingly complying with international standards for financial regulation. Yet, the interception rate for criminal proceeds remains under 1 percent. Banks in the United States, United Kingdom, and France continue to engage in unsafe practices, undeterred by legal penalties. Recent US legislation will narrow, but not eliminate, regulatory gaps. The cost of regulation has become so great that banks accept litigation as a cost of doing business or reduce legal exposure by ending relationships in areas of perceived high risk for money laundering; this …

Criminal Justice Is Local: Why States Disregard Universal Jurisdiction For Human Rights Abuses, Jeremy A. Rabkin, Craig S. Lerner

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A German court recently convicted a minor Syrian official of abuses committed in Syria's civil war. The case was announced with fanfare but has since stirred no interest. Nor should this be surprising. The world has been here before. There was intense excitement in 1998, when British authorities arrested Augusto Pinochet, the former president of Chile, for human rights abuses committed in Chile. It was taken at the time as vindicating the doctrine that the worst human rights abuses fall under "universal jurisdiction," allowing any state to prosecute, even for crimes against foreign nationals on foreign territory. As generally acknowledged …

The Modern Homeland Security Struggle: Divisive Disinformation, Stephen H. Dickerson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This research introduces the concepts surrounding disinformation and misinformation campaigns, along with their standing as significant homeland security threats. The piece starts with a brief introduction that focuses in on current examples of how these campaigns are being utilized, to include introductory discussion of theory and strategy. This is followed by a literature review, which explores a wide variety of disinformation related topics, including pieces that help in defining the matter and others that introduce related psychological theories. In addition to the literature that discusses real world examples, current instances are discussed, allowing for a more comprehensive view of not …

Can A Lack Of Early Attachment To A Primary Caregiver Contribute To Aged-Out Kinship Foster Youth Sexual Employment?, Judith M. Malik

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This study investigated the relationship between lack of early attachment with a primary caregiver and survival sex employment in aged-out kinship care youth. Literature has shown that multiple situations have occurred to AFCY. While in kinship care, youth may have experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, inappropriate discipline, and exposure to domestic violence, homicide, and pornography. Of the estimated 250,000 children who exited kinship care in 2018, 49% were reunited with their natural parent or primary caretaker, 25% were adopted, 11% went to live with a guardian, 7% were aged out, 7% went to live with another relative, and 1% …

Ashamed, Judged, And Unsafe: A Qualitative Study Of Tenant Justice Perceptions To Inform The Redesign Of Housing Court, Daniel W. Bernal

New Mexico Law Review

Scholars have long suspected that tenants were skeptical of housing court, but prior studies—relying principally on surveys— have not borne that out. This qualitative empirical study draws from in-depth interviews and finds, in contrast to these previous studies, that tenants find the housing court process anything but fair, and describe a startling disconnect between their reasons for court attendance and their experiences of the hearings. Such negative justice perceptions may affect participation in housing court, compliance with judgments, and overall confidence in the judicial process. This Article suggests several legal and policy reforms to better align the housing court experience …

“Reverse” 404(B) Is Not An Evidence Law Issue: A Call To Revive The Compulsory Process Clause As A Vehicle For Evidence Admission, Clay Wilwol

New Mexico Law Review

In criminal cases, Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b) is typically used by prosecutors seeking to introduce non-propensity “crimes, wrongs, or other acts” evidence against defendants. However, sometimes it is the defendant who seeks to use the Rule as a vehicle for evidence admissibility, either to provide such evidence to implicate the guilt of a third party or to help prove the intent or motive of alleged victims in violent crimes involving altercations. This latter defense-proffered use of Rule 404(b) has been termed “reverse” 404(b), and currently there is disagreement among courts (both federal and state) regarding how to assess the …

The Shuffled Deck: Nevada's Gambling Treatment Diversion Court And Future Expansion Of Gambling Courts In The United States, Scott J. Frederick, Cheryl B. Moss

UNLV Gaming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ohio Innocence Project Names New Executive Board, Welcomes Interested Students, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Summer Undergraduate Courses Online In Law, Justice & Culture, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Re-Linkage To Hiv Care Among Persons Living With Hiv (Plwh) With A Gap In Care Of Six Months Or More, Jamie Lynn Mignano

Dissertations

Despite widespread attention to the HIV care continuum over the past several years, little attention has focused on the 45% of PLWH that are not retained in care who are responsible for more than 60% of new HIV infections. The gaps in the HIV care continuum are further compounded by the disproportionate burden of HIV among individuals affected by social and economic disparities. The purpose of the study was to identify potential community level and individual level characteristics of re-linkage to HIV care among out of care people living with HIV (PLWH). Andersen's Behavioral Model (ABM), a health services research …

Kelemahan Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Kriminal Terhadap Cyberbullying Anak Di Indonesia, Wenggedes Frensh

Indonesia Criminal Law Review

Advances in technology can create globalization that causes the world to be borderless. The rapid developing technology is information and communication technology. The development of information and communication technology is followed by the development of the internet which creates a cyberspace where crime is called cybercrime. One of the developing cybercrime is cyberbullying. In Indonesia, there are still weaknesses in the implementation of criminal policies against cyberbullying, so it is necessary to know the weaknesses in the cyberbullying criminal policies in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research (normative juridical) and empirical legal research (empirical juridical). The research …

Pembaharuan Mekanisme Dalam Upaya Ganti Kerugian Korban Tindak Pidana, Riskyanti Juniver Siburian

Indonesia Criminal Law Review

A victim of crime is a person who suffers from physical pain, mental suffering, and/or financial loss. However, based on the criminal law system, a victim is presented in a trial as an evidence. Therefore, the purposes of this research are: 1) to understand the mechanism of compensation for victims of crime; and, 2) to discover how the regulation of returning the loss on account from a criminal act should be in the future. This research is a normative research.

From this research, it is known that: 1) A victim has the chance to get the return of losses happened …

The Bear Essentials, February 28 2022 Edition, Dmacc Student Life

The Bear Essentials

Bear Essentials is an online newsletter published by the Student Activities Council of Des Moines Area Community College. The newsletter was established in early 2020 when DMACC closed its facilities due to the coronavirus pandemic. The newsletter covers topics such as upcoming virtual activities and events, college resources, and community service opportunities. When asked about the origins of the newsletter, Student Activities Advisor Erin Smith said, "We wanted students to know they were not alone, the entire DMACC Community was coming together to help support one another in any way possible."

Building A Radical Shift In Policy: Modifying The Relationship Between Cities And Neighbors Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness, Brigid Kelly

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

Uncovering The Potential Learning In Short-Term Study Abroad, Elizabeth Niehaus, Gudrun Nyunt

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify the facets of intercultural learning that might be achievable through faculty-led, short-term study abroad. Exploring changes in various facets of students’ intercultural competence pre- to post-study abroad, we found that the largest gains were in the cultural knowledge domain. Findings also point to vast differences in how individual students do, and do not, show gains across multiple measures of intercultural competence after studying abroad.

Week Of February 28, 2022 - March 4, 2022, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Today at Cardozo 2022

Events occurring this week have been sponsored by:

• Black Law Students Association (BLSA)
• Cardozo ADR Competition Honor Society
• Cardozo Criminal Law Society (CCLS)
• Cardozo FAME Center
• Cardozo Fashion Law Society
• Cardozo For Immigrants' Rights and Equality (FIRE)
• Cardozo Health Law Society
• Cardozo National Lawyers Guild (NLG)
• Cardozo Office of Student Services & Advising
• Cardozo South Asian Law Students Association (SALSA)
• Cardozo Trusts & Estates Law Society
• Chabad at Cardozo
• Floersheimer Center for Constitutional Democracy
• Intellectual Property Law Society (IPLS)
• Jewish Law Students Association (JLSA)
• Public Interest Law Student Association (PILSA)

Algorithm V. Algorithm, Cary Coglianese, Alicia Lai

Duke Law Journal

Critics raise alarm bells about governmental use of digital algorithms, charging that they are too complex, inscrutable, and prone to bias. A realistic assessment of digital algorithms, though, must acknowledge that government is already driven by algorithms of arguably greater complexity and potential for abuse: the algorithms implicit in human decision-making. The human brain operates algorithmically through complex neural networks. And when humans make collective decisions, they operate via algorithms too—those reflected in legislative, judicial, and administrative processes. Yet these human algorithms undeniably fail and are far from transparent. On an individual level, human decision-making suffers from memory limitations, fatigue, …

Punishment Clauses: Amending United States Constitutions To Pursue “Complete Abolition”, Sydney Osterweil-Artson

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review (CICLR) Blog

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (“UDHR”) proclaims, “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.” Though not legally binding, the document denotes international principles of fundamental human rights. The United States Constitution fails to enshrine the UDHR’s categorical denunciation of slavery and servitude, with the Thirteenth Amendment reading: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

This post was originally published on …

University Philharmonic Orchestra And University Band

Bailey School of Music Concert Programs

Performances by KSU University Band & KSU Philharmonic Orchestra

Motivasi Dan Beban Kerja Sebagai Penentu Kinerja Karyawan Di Rsia Selaras Cikupa, Adi Candra, Weka Gunawan, Reza Hilmy

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

Employee performance in an institution shows the successful implementation of all organizational activities. However, RSIA Selaras Cikupa, through initial observations found many problems related to performance, namely the number of employees who were late from January to June 2019 tended to increase every month. From the initial interviews it is also known that the low motivation of employees. The research objective was to determine the effect of motivation and workload on employee performance at RSIA Selaras Cikupa with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This type of research is quantitative research. The method used is a survey with interval weighting. …

Native Americans And The Criminal Justice System, Kenneth Foster

Master of Arts in Criminal Justice Leadership

How does Native American culture affect policing and victim services? There are many contributors, including awareness and past traumas such as historical oppression and forced removal from homelands. Even though the people responsible for those actions are not around today, mistrust is still prevalent in the community. Ethical considerations must be incorporated into practice to bridge the gap with the shortcomings in the Native American community, such as trust, policing, and victim services. This is done by implementing utilitarianism, deontology, and administrative oversight. The inception of the Tribal Police is unique, as it started in 1800 and grew into modern-day …

Expanding Technology Access To Increase Retention, Jonathan R. Wilson, Jeri Paddock

ETSU Faculty Works

In Fall semester 2021, Sherrod Library at ETSU provided the Personal Librarian (PL) program to First Generation and Transfer students. The PL contacts over 1600 students weekly by email, providing a newsletter with University and Library services. The PL also connected on a personal level with a YouTube video bi-monthly. The program was designed to build a relationship with the students so that they are comfortable asking for help and feel more confident in their ability to receive assistance.