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Pilot Mental Health Offender Program Improves Participant Outcomes And Lowers Costs In A Large Urban County, Colleen Bell, Mohsin Raza, David Kilcrease, Barbara L. Gracious

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Mass incarceration, particularly of the mentally ill, continues to pervade our criminal justice system. Jails in many areas have become the largest mental health facilities, especially in large urban communities, despite increasing societal recognition that those with mental illness are not best served behind bars. Misdemeanors are an often-overlooked contributor to mass incarceration, and may be preventable for those with chronic severe mental illness.

Methods

This Northeast Florida pilot program, the Mental Health Offenders Program (MHOP), is based on the successful Miami Eleventh Circuit Court Criminal Mental Health Project. MHOP provided pretrial release from custody, through diversion with a …

Covid-19 And Mental Health Disparities In The Black American Population, Israel Taylor

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The current COVID-19 pandemic has amplified health disparities that have long existed for minoritized groups in the United States. There have been disproportionate effects on the mental and physical health of the Black American population, specifically because of longstanding racial, social, and economic injustices. To fully understand the current state of Black mental health and the extent to which COVID-19 has impacted it, we examine historical examples of unjust mental health practices throughout generations. We then explore why depression, suicidality, and other mental illnesses may have a profound effect on a community that has been made vulnerable to socioeconomic shifts. …

Through The Cracks: The Disposition Of Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders In The Post-Asylum Era, Briana Tillman, Erin Smith, Alicia Cho, Colt Kennington, Alexandra Kreis

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

This paper aims to explore current disposition options for patients with psychosis in light of shifts toward community care and changes in mental healthcare funding in the post-asylum era and to propose systemic-level improvements based upon local successes. It evaluates critiques of long-term psychiatric care programs, claims of transinstitutionalization to incarceration, shelters, and emergency rooms, and programs initiated to address deinstitutionalization. The authors conclude that while Assertive Community Treatment, Partial Hospitalization Programs, intermediate-level care, and housing interventions can improve outcomes for many persons with psychotic illness, a significant portion of these patients would still be best served in long-term psychiatric …

Supreme Court Jurisprudence And School Shooting Threats: A Legal Review, Benjamin P. Comer

Journal of Criminal Justice and Law

This legal review provides a general synopsis of selected school shooting threat cases processed in U.S. Federal courts and specifically emphasizes the interpretive mechanisms employed by judges during the adjudicatory process. Approximately 29 federal cases involving school shooting threats are reviewed, and six different legal tests and rules commonly used by federal courts are discussed in detail. Among other findings, descriptive statistics reveal that a majority of courts employed the Tinker rule when analyzing threats (72.4%) and that the majority of cases involved the application of a single test (72%). Select cases are then discussed which highlight the application of …

Is Public Corruption Still A Crime? The Effect Of Mcdonnell Narrowing Test, Kristine Artello

Journal of Criminal Justice and Law

The Supreme Court has been limiting the types of public corruption crimes since the 1990s. In 2016, the Supreme Court found that the jury instructions defined official acts too broadly and narrowed its definition significantly in McDonnell v. U.S. The Court created a two-part test to differentiate acts to help one’s constituency versus acts to help oneself because the Court was concerned with the criminalization of politics. From the ruling to March 2019, the federal courts have cited the McDonnell ruling in 151 decisions. These cases were collected and examined using context analysis to understand (in)actions of public officials that …

The Immorality Of Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude: Evaluating The Eighth Circuit’S Split In Bakor V. Barr, Emma Franklin

Nebraska Law Review

Alex failed to register his car, Pilar failed to renew his broker license, Juan failed to register as a sex offender, and all three noncitizens have been convicted of one previous crime. Each of these registration failures flow from dramatically different legal requirements and serve different purposes, but they share a common characteristic. All three legal missteps are based on administrative registration obligations promulgated by a governmental entity. Indeed, the failure to register as a sex offender may accompany more ethical and moral intimations, but the act of failing to register as a sex offender is not itself clearly evil …

Post-Aedpa Compromise: Increased Habeas Corpus Relief For Capital Cases And Tighter Restrictions For Noncapital Cases, Nicholas Beekhuizen

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

The Leader Of The Free World As The Leader Of Mass Detention: Responsive, Short-Term Policies To Ameliorate The Intersecting Crises Of Covid-19 And Mass Detention Within The United States, Haley Brooks

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

Implicating Implicit Bias In The Judiciary: Using Contextual Analyses To Bring About Meaningful Systemic Reform, Stephen Morris

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

A Phenomenographical Study: The Effects Of High-Stakes Test Failure On Low Income Black Students, Tuqwan Taylor

Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership Dissertations

The purpose of this research study is to gain firsthand insight into the experiences and perceptions of students and parents regarding end-of-year high-stakes test failure. This insight will be attained through qualitative data collection using interviews, surveys, demographics reports, and state-monitored school report card results. All research will be conducted at two predominately Black Title I urban middle schools in the southeastern United States. The research will determine the social and emotional burden students, parents, and families carry when test failure occurs. Proposed for this study will be two distinct research questions. The first question will examine the variety of …

Inconsistencies In Bail Determinations: An Analysis Of Judicial Decision- Making, Kacey Henning

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

Defunding Police Agencies, Rick Su, Anthony O'Rourke, Guyora Binder

Journal Articles

This Article contextualizes the police defunding movement and the backlash it has generated. The defunding movement emerged from the work of Black-led activists to reassert democratic control over policing and shift resources to social service agencies and other institutions serving community needs. In reaction, states have enacted anti-defunding bills checking local government reduction of law enforcement budgets. These anti-defunding measures continue a long tradition of state and federal control over local police spending, subverting local democratic control over police agencies. These limits include direct legal constraints on local police spending and indirect constraints through grants and authorization to collect fines, …

Ambivalence, Sexism, And Sexual Decision-Making Among Heterosexual College Students, Alexandra Nicoletti

Theses and Dissertations

Sexual ambivalence is defined as having both favorable and unfavorable thoughts toward sexual activity in any given sexual situation (Muehlenhard & Rodgers, 1998). Most sexually active people will experience feelings of ambivalence at some point in their lives and ultimately decide to engage in sexual activity (Muehlenhard & Peterson, 2005; Peterson & Muehlenhard, 2007). Based on previous research and guided by sexual script theory Simon & Gagnon, 1986), we hypothesized that gender, hostile, and benevolent sexism would moderate the association of prior experience with a partner/activity and engaging in sexual activity despite ambivalence. A total of 457 heterosexual college students …

“So, You Can Let Me Look At Your Phone?”: Detectives Obtaining Consent To Search Cell Phones, Stacy Dewald

Journal of Criminal Justice and Law

Issues regarding Fourth Amendment protections and police access to digital evidence have been an ongoing battle in the courts over the past few years. Despite growing literature on the importance of collecting digital evidence during criminal investigations, there is little research on how detectives obtain consent to get to digital evidence, particularly cell phones. The present study addresses this research gap by drawing upon participant-observation, in-situ interviews, and in-depth interviews of detectives in an American suburban police department. The data indicate that during suspect interviews, detectives attempt to obtain consent to search phones to avoid delays related to obtaining a …

Seattle U Students Join Justice Stevens Public Interest Fellowship, Seattle University School Of Law

News Center Articles

No abstract provided.

In Celebration Of Morrissey V. Brewer At Fifty: A Surprising University Of Nebraska College Of Law Back Story To The Prisoners’ Rights Due Process Landmark, Russell E. Lovell Ii

Nebraska Law Review

The year 2022 will be the fiftieth anniversary of the Supreme Court’s 1972 landmark prisoners’ rights case, Morrissey v. Brewer.1 Morrissey was a Fourteenth Amendment due process challenge involving an Iowan whose parole was revoked without a hearing.2 But long before Mr. Morrissey was in prison, a legislative internship at the University of Nebraska College of Law (Nebraska Law) in 1968 got me involved in researching and drafting the Nebraska Treatment and Corrections Act of 1969, including state parole law. The one area of parole law not reformed by the new legislation was parole revocation, a shortcoming that was the …

Abductions Of Terrorists In International Airspace And On The High Seas, Douglas Kash

Florida Journal of International Law

The solutions for successfully defining, preventing, and punishing terrorist acts remain elusive. After decades of international, regional, and domestic conventions and drafts, resolutions, and statutes, the world community has yet to accept any single definition as universally sound. This article will describe some of these conventions which, due to the perceived and real ineffectiveness of earlier legislation, have been modified by later conventions. This article also will describe and justify incidents in which countries have had little choice but to resort to self-help measures and apprehend terrorists from the international airspace and on the high seas. Events such as the …

Usa V. Tyrone Mitchell

2022 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

U.S. Micromobility Law (Major Road Work Ahead), Peter W. Martin

Cornell Law Faculty Working Papers

Over the past decade electrically powered bicycles, stand-up scooters, skateboards, and more have burst onto the nation’s streets and sidewalks. While some have been owned by their riders, a combination of embedded technology and smartphone apps allowed well-funded start-ups to distribute these novel e-vehicles across urban public spaces, making them available for on-demand, short-term rental. This blossoming of “micromobility” has taken place within physical and legal infrastructures ill-prepared for the change. Indisputably, most of the new types of individual motorized mobility fell outside established vehicle categories. The literal terms of existing law banned their use on all public rights of …

Isom Center Names 2022-23 Fellows, Benita Whitehorn

University of Mississippi News

Fellowship emphasizes interdisciplinary research in gender and sexuality

Oklahoma V. Castro-Huerta, United States Supreme Court, Brett Kavanaugh

US Government Documents Related to Indigenous Nations

This United States (US) Supreme Court decision, argued April 27, 2022 and decided June 29, 2022 expanded the reach of state jurisdiction to allow for prosecution of crimes that occur on Indigenous land, regardless of whether or not a state is named as having such jurisdiction under US Public Law 280. In 2020, the US Supreme Court's decision on McGirt v. Oklahoma established that much of the eastern part of the state of Oklahoma is Indigenous land and therefore falls under either tribal jurisdiction or Federal jurisdiction. In 2015 Victor Manuel Castro-Huerta was charged and convicted of child neglect by …

Lindenwood Digest, June 29, 2022, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

Sympathy For The Devil: Belief In Satan And Moral Beliefs, Scott A. Desmond, Tom Clark, Christoper D. Bader

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Previous research suggests that religious service attendance, biblical literalism, images of God, and other measures of religion are related to moral beliefs (i.e., that certain behaviors are wrong or deviant). Given previous theory and research on spiritual appraisals (particularly demonization and desecration), we argue that belief in Satan should also predict moral beliefs. Using the first four waves of the Baylor Religion Survey, we tested the association between belief in Satan and belief in the wrongfulness of twelve different behaviors related to abortion, family matters, sexuality, and substance use. Although religious service attendance and biblical literalism were consistently related to …

Improving Coordination For Children Of Incarcerated Parents, Lea Quam, Adam K. Matz, Roni Mayzer, Danielle Korsmo, Maria Kerzmann, Marcy Hilzendeger

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

The Annie E. Casey Foundation estimates about 10,000 children in North Dakota have experienced some form of parental incarceration. Compared to non-Hispanic Caucasians, Native American children are 2 to 5 times more likely to have an incarcerated parent. Based on national data, over 50% of all imprisoned individuals in state and federal prisons have minor children, with 64% of mothers and 47% of fathers living with their child prior to arrest or incarceration.

The Parthenon, June 23, 2022, Tyler Spence, Connor Woodruff, Tyler Kennett, Evan Green, Shauntelle Thompson, Rafael Alfonso, Abby Hanlon, Alaina Laster, Isabella Robinson

The Parthenon

No abstract provided.

Methods And Devices For Sample Capture Using Gas-Pulse Nanoparticle Displacement, Kermit King Murray, Fabrizio Donnarumma, Jamira Stephenson

College of Science Patents

The present disclosure provides for sampling instruments and methods of collecting sample particles. The sampling instrument can include a high-pressure pulsed valve coupled to a gas flow system to displace a sample from a surface. Also included can be a voltage supply coupled to a voltage switch, a suction device, a sample collector, and a collection filter. To collect a sample, extractive particles can be deposited onto a sample present on a substrate. At least a portion of the sample becomes coupled to a portion of the extractive particles to form sample particles. High-pressure gas can be discharged at the …

Mental Illness, Substance Use, And Co-Occurring Disorders Among Jail Inmates: Prevalence, Recidivism, And Gender Differences, Nicky Dalbir, Emily M. Wright, Benjamin Steiner

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Mental illnesses, substance use, and their co-occurrence are significant predictors of maladaptive outcomes such as aggression, criminal behavior, and recidivism. These problems are theorized to be more prevalent and problematic among female inmates than male inmates and may be more relevant in jail settings. However, few studies have examined the relationship between these factors, including gender differences among the jail population. This study seeks to fill these gaps by examining – a) the prevalence of these problems, b) their effects on recidivism, and c) gender differences in these relationships – among jail inmates. Results indicate that mental illness significantly increased …

Hope 4 Boys: The Impact Of A Youth Diversion Program, Justine C. Connolly

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Florida Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) is developing programs targeting first-time nonviolent offenders who might benefit from community-based treatment and positive youth development to prevent these individuals from becoming adult criminals. Thus, the DJJ seeks new and innovative ways to prevent juvenile delinquency and reduce recidivism among first-time nonviolent offenders. The present study aimed to evaluate the Hope 4 Boys program, a juvenile diversion program that addresses the academic and social-emotional needs of juvenile delinquents. The study examined how participation in the program is associated with changes in participants’ levels of hope for the future, life satisfaction, and resiliency …

Civil Resistance: The Dictates Of Conscience And International Law Versus The American Judiciary, Matthew Lippman

Florida Journal of International Law

This essay traces the evolution of civil resistance in the United States and argues for judicial recognition of the applicability of the necessity defense for civil resisters. Initially, the history of civil disobedience in the United States and the theory of Gandhian civil disobedience are outlined. The response of courts in rejecting attempts to justify such protest activities is then described; and American courts’ rejection of the necessity defense to justify formally illegal acts of protest is criticized.

Silence Is No Longer Golden: The Criminal Evidence Order (Northern Ireland) 1988, John C. Hamlin

Florida Journal of International Law

This comment will assess the nature and probable impact of the Northern Ireland Criminal Evidence Order. Critics claim that the Order has diminished personal freedom while proponents point to the abuse of the “right to silence” by guilty defendants. Consequently, the Order’s impact on civil rights and its effectiveness as a tool against terrorism will be examined.