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2022

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Prefabrication And Modular Construction: Cm 214 Residential Construction Learning Module, Matthew V. Keeth Jul 2022

Prefabrication And Modular Construction: Cm 214 Residential Construction Learning Module, Matthew V. Keeth

Construction Management

The residential construction industry in the United States has certainly stuck to the conventional methods of stick-built construction nationwide. What if there was a better way? This project seeks to educate future Construction Management students about a smarter, more efficient, and sustainable method of homebuilding: Modular Construction. Distinguishing the difference between prefabrication and modularization is a necessary standard. Prefabrication is defined as the process of manufacturing the essential structural components of a home at a factory off-site. The large scale structural components of a home are then transported to the jobsite for easy installation. In addition, Modular Construction is defined …

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Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal Of Health Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2022, Sword Mtu Jun 2022

Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal Of Health Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2022, Sword Mtu

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences, Volume 2, Issue 1, June 2022

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Research On Food Packaging Design For Elderly Populations, Zhang Pan Jun 2022

Research On Food Packaging Design For Elderly Populations, Zhang Pan

Food and Machinery

According to the food consumption characteristics of the elderly group, this review analyzed the needs of the elderly group for food packaging design, and the food packaging design scheme for the future was proposed.

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Analyzing The Influence Of Smart-Device Visual Features, Viewing Distance And Content Factors On Video Streaming Qoe, Alex Frank Mongi Jun 2022

Analyzing The Influence Of Smart-Device Visual Features, Viewing Distance And Content Factors On Video Streaming Qoe, Alex Frank Mongi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Quality of experience (QoE) over wireless networks has attracted attention from industry and academia due to an increase in video streaming applications. Several researchers have attempted to understand the factors affecting QoE and design appropriate quality control strategies. Normally, video streaming is initiated by a user who accesses video content over a network using a smart device that may be held at various viewing distances. Each aforementioned factor has the potential to affect QoE. However, several studies explore the behavior of wireless networks on video streaming QoE. To understand the effects of other factors on QoE, this paper investigates the …

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Ant Cuticle Microsculpture: Diversity, Classification, Evolution, And Function, John Paul Hellenbrand Jun 2022

Ant Cuticle Microsculpture: Diversity, Classification, Evolution, And Function, John Paul Hellenbrand

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

My thesis covers the intricacies of ant microsculpture diversity, classification, evolution and function. To do this, the thesis is organized into two chapters. The first chapter is a review of ant cuticle and microsculpture diversity as well as including analyses examining the evolution and lability of microsculpture traits. I then review the literature for functional hypotheses related to ant microsculpture. The second chapter explores the relationship of microsculpture and important morphological, physiological, and ecological traits to evaluate support for functional hypotheses.

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Exploring The Contemporary Moon Under Water Through Illustration: Nostalgia And The Power Of The Image, Stephanie Black Jun 2022

Exploring The Contemporary Moon Under Water Through Illustration: Nostalgia And The Power Of The Image, Stephanie Black

School of Art, Design and Architecture

This article uses images from the visual essays produced for Plume of Feathers, an audio-visual project, to examine the notion of ‘reflective nostalgia’ as an attitude towards meaning-making within image creation, in particular illustration that can counter certain political uses of images that present a restorative–nostalgic world view. The project at the core of the article is concerned with the decline of public houses and their social function in the UK. However, the image of the pub is embroiled within the visual rhetoric related to the UK’s (2016) Brexit referendum. This article explores the ways in which the illustrated image …

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Who Designs For Policy?, Federico Vaz, Sofía Bosch Gomez Jun 2022

Who Designs For Policy?, Federico Vaz, Sofía Bosch Gomez

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This conversation asked participants to inquire about the skills and compe- tencies of those engaging in the practice of design for policy. We discussed the profes- sional background and training of people currently working as ‘policy designers’ and the knowledge and abilities these designers contribute when developing and imple- menting public policies, services, and governance. Likewise, we aimed to bring to- gether practitioners and researchers to debate the implications of creating specific dis- ciplinary profiles and how this can shape career paths within public administration. During the conversation, participants offered a set of mindsets, skills, and knowledge that they deemed …

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Design For Wellbeing, Happiness And Health, Ann Petermans, Tiiu Poldma, Rebecca Cain, Deger Ozkaramanli-Leerkes, Leandro Tonetto, Anna Pohlmeyer, Marc Hassenzahl, Matthias Laschke, Pieter Desmet Jun 2022

Design For Wellbeing, Happiness And Health, Ann Petermans, Tiiu Poldma, Rebecca Cain, Deger Ozkaramanli-Leerkes, Leandro Tonetto, Anna Pohlmeyer, Marc Hassenzahl, Matthias Laschke, Pieter Desmet

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The chairs' editorial for the theme track of SIGWELL, the Design Research Society's Special Interest Group (SIG) focusing on Design for Wellbeing, Happiness and Health.

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Design For Behaviour Change: Taking The Long View Fast, Kristina Niedderer, Geke Ludden, Shital Desai, Sander Hermsen Jun 2022

Design For Behaviour Change: Taking The Long View Fast, Kristina Niedderer, Geke Ludden, Shital Desai, Sander Hermsen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Design for Behaviour Change Group was established in 2014 and seeks to promote knowledge, understanding and action in how to improve sustainable social and environmental change. It researches ways in which design can support ethical and responsible behaviour change to achieve these goals. The current strand for DRS2022 explores methods to address recent opportunities in the light of environmental and health challenges.

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Graphic Design And Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Challenges For Designers In The Search For Research Collaboration, Yaron Meron Jun 2022

Graphic Design And Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Challenges For Designers In The Search For Research Collaboration, Yaron Meron

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The introduction of electronic publishing, multimedia, the web and social media have influenced and presented challenges for graphic design. Now the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) features within graphic design software enables practitioners to automate many design processes. However, this threatens to deskill the profession and create a second tier of ‘non-professional’ designers, particularly within less creative work that emphasises fast turnover and functional artefact production. Research at the intersection of AI and graphic design has been led by computer scientists. This paper argues, from a designer’s perspective, that a paucity of scholarly engagement by graphic designers with their own …

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Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen Jun 2022

Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper adds to emerging research on the application of design-led approaches to public policy and services by public sector innovation labs. It presents key findings from the first in-depth case study on the New Zealand government Service Innovation Lab, which operated between 2017 and 2020 as part of broader public sector efforts for citizen-centric digital transformation. Based on a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and organizational documentation, it discusses how the challenges of applying the Lab’s design-led approach in this public sector context were navigated by professionals involved with the Lab over time. The findings reveal that to navigate …

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Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker Jun 2022

Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Via two design-based research experiments, this paper explores how we can design a tool to support designing for playful learning in teacher education. Several recent review studies show that integrating play qualities into a learning context is not always easy. We design a set of tarot cards with the aim of exploring actions in learning situations and play qualities for those specific actions. Our experiments show that using the tarot cards as a way for students and teachers to reflect and come up with further playful learning designs brings in a broader diversity of play qualities, especially qualities that are …

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Beyond Progress: Exploring Alternative Trajectories For Design Museums, Anja Neidhardt, Heather Wiltse, Anna Croon Jun 2022

Beyond Progress: Exploring Alternative Trajectories For Design Museums, Anja Neidhardt, Heather Wiltse, Anna Croon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

How can design museums be disentangled from systems like patriarchy, so that they become able to support change towards more justice? To explore this question, we use our standpoint as design researchers in combination with a feminist perspective. Historically, most design museums supported a path of progress which supposedly leads straight from the past into the future. Even though today attempts to change design museums can be observed, criteria for good design and methods for collecting and exhibiting mainly stay unchanged. However, when questioning them, it becomes clear that they were shaped by a white, male, imperialist perspective. Through shifting …

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Ai In Design Idea Development: A Workshop On Creativity And Human-Ai Collaboration, Fabio Antonio Figoli, Lucia Rampino, Francesca Mattioli Jun 2022

Ai In Design Idea Development: A Workshop On Creativity And Human-Ai Collaboration, Fabio Antonio Figoli, Lucia Rampino, Francesca Mattioli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In a fast-paced society, AI systems can prove to be reliable teammates alongside human agents during the early stages of the design process, capable of helping to manage the increasing complexity of projects. Therefore, the introduction of AI systems into the design process is analysed according to the implications on the designer’s creativity and the kind of human-AI collaboration that is established, highlighting trust balance and the new role played by the designer. The main aspects covered by the study were tested in a workshop, in which continuous and discontinuous human-AI collaboration were compared. In the case of continuous collaboration, …

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From Wine Tasting To Materials Sensorial Perception: A Framework For Materials Experience, Niki Boukouvala, Spyros Bofylatos Jun 2022

From Wine Tasting To Materials Sensorial Perception: A Framework For Materials Experience, Niki Boukouvala, Spyros Bofylatos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper puts forward a novel approach to study material experience leaning on the wine tasting protocols. The framework proposed in this paper aims to help new (biofabricated and non-biofabricated) "growing" and "living" materials make a good name out of themselves by deploying all their unique sensorial qualities in a more poetic manner. We believe that adopting wine tasting philosophy and techniques in the field of (aesthetic) materials experience and the synthesis of a materials experience lexicon will enable the commercialization process of new materials. We identify three layers of the material experience and point to how adapting the wine …

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Touch Ground: Introducing Design Inquiry In Higher Education, Guido Stompff, Manon Joosten, Andrea Prince, Marleen Claessens, Willy Geurts, Anja Köppchen Jun 2022

Touch Ground: Introducing Design Inquiry In Higher Education, Guido Stompff, Manon Joosten, Andrea Prince, Marleen Claessens, Willy Geurts, Anja Köppchen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In higher education, design thinking is often taught as a process. Yet design cognition resides in action and design practices. Dewey’s pragmatism offers a solid epistemology for design thinking. This paper describes a design research whereby Dewey’s inquiry served as the foundation for educating students. Three extensive educational case studies are presented whereby a design inquiry was introduced and became part of the curricula. It was found that students and coaches struggled with doubts experienced as a result of the co-evolution of problem and solution, means and ends. Four coping mechanisms were observed: (1) focus on problems, risking analysis paralysis; …

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Ceci N’Est Pas Une Chaise: Emerging Practices In Designer-Ai Collaboration, Vera Van Der Burg, Almila Akdag Salah, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd Jun 2022

Ceci N’Est Pas Une Chaise: Emerging Practices In Designer-Ai Collaboration, Vera Van Der Burg, Almila Akdag Salah, Senthil Chandrasegaran, Peter Lloyd

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Emerging practices of using ‘off the shelf’ AI as a creative partner in design processes are receiving increasing attention in design research. This paper takes the well-known concept of ‘framing’ in design, along with the Schönian concept of ‘surprise’ to explore how a human-AI dialogue could work. The approach taken is practice-based, with the human designer documenting her process of inquiry and decision making. We show how artificial creativity is expressed through misfiring object detection algorithms, and further how these ‘mistakes’ can be perceived and interpreted by the human designer. The contribution of the research is in laying the foundations …

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Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin Jun 2022

Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Paula Antonelli stated that it was up to designers to teach the world how to use them well. Taking a change-led, research-led perspective on design learning, could encourage future designers “to exercise the acute critical sense that comes from their analytical training in order to help other citizens slow down, stop, reassess, and continue or change course.” (Antonelli, 2019). The sector, and discipline, has a propensity toward disaggregation, to operate as silos that are defined by their distinction. This paper sets out and discusses a Design Case, a Restorative Learning Thing, as an model for how remote design studio learning …

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Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope Jun 2022

Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper briefly summarizes the concept of radical imagination, urges legal designers, advocates, and organizers to engage in radical imagination whenever confronting problems of subordination, and suggests a practical, playful method for doing so.

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Promoting Climate Awareness Through The Design Of Interactive Moving Posters, Ricardo Gonçalves, Sérgio M. Rebelo, Daniel Lopes, Artur Rebelo Jun 2022

Promoting Climate Awareness Through The Design Of Interactive Moving Posters, Ricardo Gonçalves, Sérgio M. Rebelo, Daniel Lopes, Artur Rebelo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nowadays, the ubiquity of digital media has promoted the establishment of novel Graphic Design practices that seek to better catch the audience’s attention. In the Poster Design scenario, we observed the appearance of moving posters, digital-based artefacts that include animated elements; nevertheless, as moving posters get increasingly common, the search for more effective communication approaches should be conducted. This paper studies the impact of interactivity on poster design. Computational and Artificial Intelligence approaches have been employed to design a set of interactive moving posters which can adapt according to the viewer’s actions and the surrounding environment. The current environmental issues …

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Arabic Type In Urban Environments: A Graphic Heritage, Shaima Elbardawil Jun 2022

Arabic Type In Urban Environments: A Graphic Heritage, Shaima Elbardawil

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design as a cultural object can contribute to the design of heritage in various ways. This study investigates the meaning of heritage and graphic design in relation to culture and communication. It discusses cultural heritage in Arab states with reference to Arabic type and introduces Naskh-style typefaces in wayfinding systems and signage as a graphic urban heritage. This is done using a framework for analyzing urban graphic heritage alongside empirical field study from the United Arab Emirates and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study reveals that graphic design provides a unique framework toward understanding the role of typographic …

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Talking About Food: Reflecting On Transitions Of Practice In People With Lived Experience Of Food Poverty, David Perez, Roger Whitham, Gemma Coupe, Leon Cruickshank Jun 2022

Talking About Food: Reflecting On Transitions Of Practice In People With Lived Experience Of Food Poverty, David Perez, Roger Whitham, Gemma Coupe, Leon Cruickshank

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this paper, we deploy a practice theory lens to explore how co-design activities have enabled individuals to transition to new and different advocacy, inquiry and engagement practices. The co-design project we describe sought to bring about change in a national network of organisations addressing food poverty in the UK. The aim of the project was to collaborate with young people and adults from different communities of the North of England to co-design tools for gathering stories and enabling advocacy relating to food insecurity. We use a practice theory lens to describe the relationships between co-design activities and transitions in …

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Positioning Design In Transdisciplinary Collaborations: Experiences From A Smart City Consortium Project, Anouk Geenen, Deger Özkaramanli, Julieta Matos-Castaño, Mascha Van Der Voort Jun 2022

Positioning Design In Transdisciplinary Collaborations: Experiences From A Smart City Consortium Project, Anouk Geenen, Deger Özkaramanli, Julieta Matos-Castaño, Mascha Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the positioning of design in transdisciplinary collaborations. Design is increasingly positioned as a promising way of working in complex, multi-stakeholder collaborations. In this paper, we want to deepen and challenge this positioning in order to better clarify the contribution of design. Building on literature and experiences from an ongoing consortium-type research project in the context of smart cities, we concep-tualize five preliminary roles that design adopts in collaborative settings: (1) generator; (2) communicator; (3) facilitator; (4) mediator and (5) provocateur. We argue that the latter two roles, namely the mediator and provocateur, are the most recent and …

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Value-Drive Design Approach To Envision Speculative Futures, Yihyun Lim, Bumjin Kim Jun 2022

Value-Drive Design Approach To Envision Speculative Futures, Yihyun Lim, Bumjin Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents a design approach that brings together speculative design, value-sensitive design, and emotion-based ethnographic method to identify value-experiences for the design of value-driven speculative futures. The paper discusses the approach in five steps; 1) emotion-based design ethnography, 2) visual mapping and value-extraction, 3) secondary research of technology and socio-cultural trends and filtering of technologies based on its interpreted value-experiences, 4) design of value-driven future scenarios, 5) materializing scenarios as discursive prototypes. We explore COVID19 pandemic as a context of research-through-design inquiry in developing this approach.

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Whose Place Is It? Enacted Territories In The Museum, Jennie Andersson Schaeffer, Ksenija Komazec, Elsa Vaara, Andreea Strineholm, Helena Tobiasson Jun 2022

Whose Place Is It? Enacted Territories In The Museum, Jennie Andersson Schaeffer, Ksenija Komazec, Elsa Vaara, Andreea Strineholm, Helena Tobiasson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is a growing trend to embrace the idea of public participation in the work of museums, from exhibition design to collections. To further develop participatory cultures in museums, these negotiations and emerging practices should be examined more closely. This paper explores a museum’s whole-hearted attempt to engage with the societal issue of climate change and work with a high degree of participation from civic society when staging a temporary exhibition. We investigate experiences in the process of building, measuring, separating and transgressing during the collaboration. Based on these explorations the paper presents three emerging and interconnected territories in the …

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Envisioning Personal Finance And Expense Tracking For A Sustainable Future, Young-Ae Hahn, Jiyoun Lee, Minhyuk Kim Jun 2022

Envisioning Personal Finance And Expense Tracking For A Sustainable Future, Young-Ae Hahn, Jiyoun Lee, Minhyuk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Young Koreans who are financially inexperienced and unconcerned about environmen-tal and social issues cannot achieve balanced goals—economic self-sufficiency, envi-ronmental-health sustainability and ethical consumption—for a sustainable future. Although current personal finance apps provide daily, weekly and monthly spending trends, they do not effectively raise awareness of these goals. In response, we envi-sioned an alternative expense tracking app UI with two reference points against which a user can compare his/her current spending: (1) the user’s peer age/household/income group spending averages and (2) expert recommendations on the appropriate savings rate, energy consumption limits and ethically manufactured products. According to a survey questionnaire that …

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“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden Jun 2022

“What Makes You Feel Relaxed In Nature?”: Exploring Nature-Based Stimuli As Inspiration For Designing Relaxing Experiences, Chan Mi Kim, Thomas Van Rompay, Geke Ludden

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nature experiences promote relaxation and wellbeing. To bring these benefits to people with limited access to nature, digital technologies can be used to provide nature experiences. However, we do not yet completely understand which exact qualities of nature and what mechanisms are involved in eliciting relaxation. To close this gap, we conducted a diary exercise (n=25) to explore interactions and qualities that stimulate relaxation in nature. Results revealed a typology comprising three pathways to promote relaxation through nature experiences: relaxation by sensing, thinking, and doing. In addition, 8 sensorial and 6 contextual qualities were identified, and a visual summary was …

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An Overview Of Current Practices And Approaches To Co-Designing Services With And For People With Dementia Towards Developing A Framework For Best Practice, Kristina Niedderer, Laura Orton, Isabelle Tournier Jun 2022

An Overview Of Current Practices And Approaches To Co-Designing Services With And For People With Dementia Towards Developing A Framework For Best Practice, Kristina Niedderer, Laura Orton, Isabelle Tournier

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of current practices and approaches to co-designing services with and for people living with early to mid-stage dementia to derive a set of principles and practices for application in the IDoService project. It explores the understanding of service design and of co-design for the purposes of this paper, and then uses a meta-review of co-design of services for people with dementia, underpinned by a selection of case studies from the literature to extract and collate a set of key principles of best practice. We then consider the application of these …

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Potential Benefits Of Designing Immersive Technologies To Reduce Anxiety In The Perioperative Patient Journey, Nikou Javadi, Ian Gwilt, Aaron Davis Jun 2022

Potential Benefits Of Designing Immersive Technologies To Reduce Anxiety In The Perioperative Patient Journey, Nikou Javadi, Ian Gwilt, Aaron Davis

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research investigates if virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) technologies can be used to help people cope with the anxiety associated with a surgical procedure in the patient health care journey. Perioperative anxiety is a natural response to surgery stress which may happen at any point before or after a surgical procedure. Research has shown that high level of perioperative anxiety are a potential health and recovery threat for a patient due to the effects on psychologic and physiologic responses. The concept of Digital Health is increasingly playing a more substantial role in health care provision and there is a …

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A Designerly Approach To The Sonification Of Electric Vehicles, Sara Lenzi, Juan Sádaba, Paolo Ciuccarelli Jun 2022

A Designerly Approach To The Sonification Of Electric Vehicles, Sara Lenzi, Juan Sádaba, Paolo Ciuccarelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent years, efforts to frame sound-related areas of research such as sonification, sonic interaction design and product sound design in terms of design methodologies became more common. Sound designers seem to be willing to structure a field traditionally characterised by tacit knowledge in terms of explicit design processes, tools and methods, to increase the reach and impact of the field. In this paper, we describe the first two stages of a commercial sonification project for the design of sounds for Electric Vehicles. The project was developed applying a design methodology that integrates a specific tool (the sonification canvas), which …

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