Digital Commons Network^™

Not Our Problem: Ingroup Glorification Facilitates Moral Disengagement And Exclusion, Matthew Gunderson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The present study examined how ingroup/outgroup identification and harm predict cognitive restructuring and the shifting of blame. Drawing on Moral Disengagement Theory (Bandura, 1999), which holds that individuals create a new version of reality that allows them to violate their moral beliefs, I hypothesized that implicating the ingroup, lower levels of perceived harm, and higher ingroup glorification would result in more moral disengagement. Integrating Moral Disengagement Theory with Moral Exclusion Theory (Opotow, 1990), I further hypothesized that moral exclusion—the removal of others from the moral community—would also be greater. 422 participants recruited over Prolific read a modified news article about …

Students Vs. Suspects: A Qualitative Examination Of Stereotype Threat And The Impact On Behavior Of Black Males, Ryan J. Williamson

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

This qualitative study focused on the impact of stereotype threat on the behavior of black males in the educational system. Black males currently involved in the juvenile justice system were interviewed about their lived experiences in the educational system. The literature surrounding stereotype threat focuses on academic achievement and performance. It provides spaces in the potential of stereotype threat impacting behavior.

Stereotype threat argues that individuals will confirm a self-characteristic which supports a negative stereotype associated with a specific group within society (Spencer et al., 2016). In theory, people will underperform based on a preconceived notion of failure. If a …

Psychopathy And Emotion Regulation: The Mediating Role Of Motives And Goals, Morning S. Baker

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between psychopathy and emotion regulation as serially mediated by emotional motives and goals in an all-male sample. Six serial mediation models were proposed, three for each motive-type (i.e., hedonistic, instrumental), and two for each emotion (i.e., anger, fear, joy). Eight-hundred and seventy-eight participants were recruited via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Results indicate that male MTurk workers with greater levels of psychopathy have poorer emotion regulation, emotion goals for experiencing anger and fear, hedonistic and instrumental motives for experiencing anger and fear, emotion goals for not experiencing joy, and hedonistic and …

Leading Early Childhood Education In Iowa Schools, Alaina T. Daters

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Over the last 15 years, Iowa’s Statewide Voluntary Preschool Programs (SWVPP) have undergone significant growth. By the end of the 2021-2022 school year, 323 out of 327 (99%) of Iowa public school districts offered preschool (Iowa Department of Education, 2022c). As a result, well over 450 Iowa administrators are potentially responsible for leading their district’s preschool program.

The purpose of this mixed methods research study was to gain an understanding of the experiences, knowledge, and pedagogical needs of licensed Iowa administrators that are responsible for their district’s SWVPP. Data was collected through a survey and analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis …

Are Socially Responsible Exchange-Traded Funds Paying Off In Performance?, Ya Dai, Liang Guo, Steve Liu, Hongxian Zhang

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study examines the Socially Responsible (SR) exchange-traded funds (ETFs) by comparing their risk-adjusted performance with a matched group of conventional ETFs in the U.S. equity market. In contrast to prior studies that focus on actively managed mutual funds, we find that the risk-adjusted returns of SR ETFs are significantly lower than those of conventional ETFs during the 2005–2020 period. Such underperformance is only observed in non-crisis periods but not in economic crisis periods (i.e., the 2020 pandemic recession and 2008 financial turmoil). We attribute the observed underperformance of SR ETFs during the non-crisis periods to their limited diversification of …

The Impact Of Perceived Manipulation, Motives, And Ethicality In Cause-Related Marketing: A Crm+ Model, Nathan W. Twyman, Sarah M. Stanley, Cassandra C. Elrod, Tamara M. Masters

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Developed a CRM+ Model using Experimentation and Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. CRM+ Demonstrates Previously Unexplored Interrelationships among Consumer-Perceived Manipulation, Brand Motives, Perceived Ethicality of the Cause-Related Marketing, and Brand Attitude. CRM+ Reveals that Perceived Ethicality of the CRM Has a Significant Positive Effect on Brand Attitude, Though It is Not as Pronounced as the Effect of Perceived Altruistic Motives. Egoistic Motives Decrease Ethicality Perceptions But Has No Direct Effect on Brand Attitude. Altruistic Motive Perceptions Diminish Egoistic Motive Perceptions. CRM+ Suggests Marketing Managers Should Prioritize Emphasizing Altruistic Motives and Ethicality of the Partnership over Downplaying Egoistic Motives.

Rssafe: Personalized Driver Behavior Prediction For Safe Driving, Bhumika, Debasis Das, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

While the increased demand for taxi services like Uber, Lyft, Hailo, Ola, Grab, Cabify etc. provides livelihood to many drivers, the desire to raise income forces the drivers to work very hard without rest. However, continuous journeys not only affect their health, but also lead to abnormal driving behavior such as rash driving, swerving, sideslipping, sudden brakes, or weaving, leading to accidents in the worst cases. Motivated by the severity of rising accidents and health issues among drivers, this paper proposes a recommendation system, called RsSafe, for the safety of drivers. Aiming to improve the driving quality and the driver's …

The Nursing Care Of People With Class Iii Obesity In An Acute Care Setting: A Scoping Review, Bev Ewens, Vivien Kemp, Mandy (Amanda) Towell-Barnard, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background

Patients with Class III obesity pose unique challenges to health care staff and organisations. Care requirements of this population are unique and require specialised equipment and knowledge to meet these needs, maintain the quality of care, as well as the safety of patients and staff.

Aim

To synthesise the evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings.

Methods

A scoping review informed by JBI. CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase were searched for primary research articles about the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in …

Matrilateral Bias Of Grandparental Investment In Grandchildren Persists Despite The Grandchildren’S Adverse Early Life Experiences, Samuli Helle, Antti O. Tanskanen, David A. Coall, Mirkka Danielsbacka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Evolutionary theory predicts a downward flow of investment from older to younger generations, representing individual efforts to maximize inclusive fitness. Maternal grandparents and maternal grandmothers (MGMs) in particular consistently show the highest levels of investment (e.g. time, care and resources) in their grandchildren. Grandparental investment overall may depend on social and environmental conditions that affect the development of children and modify the benefits and costs of investment. Currently, the responses of grandparents to adverse early life experiences (AELEs) in their grandchildren are assessed from a perspective of increased investment to meet increased need. Here, we formulate an alternative prediction that …

Walking Improvement In Chronic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury With Exoskeleton Robotic Training (Wise): A Randomized Controlled Trial, Dylan J. Edwards, Gail Forrest, Mar Cortes, Margaret M. Weightman, Cristina Sadowsky, Shuo-Hsiu Chang, Kimberly Furman, Amy Bialek, Sara Prokup, John Carlow, Leslie Vanhiel, Laura Kemp, Darrell Musick, Marc Campo, Arun Jayaraman

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Study design:

Clinical trial.

Objective:

To demonstrate that a 12-week exoskeleton-based robotic gait training regimen can lead to a clinically meaningful improvement in independent gait speed, in community-dwelling participants with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI).

Setting:

Outpatient rehabilitation or research institute.

Methods:

Multi-site (United States), randomized, controlled trial, comparing exoskeleton gait training (12 weeks, 36 sessions) with standard gait training or no gait training (2:2:1 randomization) in chronic iSCI ( > 1 year post injury, AIS-C, and D), with residual stepping ability. The primary outcome measure was change in robot-independent gait speed (10-meter walk test, 10MWT) post 12-week intervention. Secondary …

Do Liquid Assets Lure Managers? Evidence From Corporate Misconduct, Rashid Zaman, Nader Atawnah, Muhammad Nadeem, Stephen Bahadar, Irfan H. Shakri

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We examine the effect of asset redeployability on corporate misconduct and find a significant positive relationship. Utilizing a large sample of public US firms for the period of 2001 to 2015, we find that a one standard deviation (SD) increase in the proportion of redeployable assets leads to a 7.2% increase in corporate fines. We also find that the positive association between asset redeployability and corporate misconduct varies across types of misconduct and industrial heterogeneity. In our channel analysis, we find that managerial risk-taking is a potential mechanism through which asset redeployability is associated with misconduct. Additional tests reveal that …

Kissing, Grabbing And Grinding: Young Australians’ Personal And Social Norms Regarding Nightlife Sexual Behavior, Aimee-Rose Wrightson-Hester, Alfred Allan, Maria Allan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Many patrons in nightlife settings around the world experience and engage in behavior that some find distressing and others find a useful method of interacting with potential sexual partners. Some of these behaviors nevertheless meet the World Health Organizations’ definition of sexual violence. Recent research suggests the social norms in Australian nightlife settings might be encouraging patrons to engage in or tolerate sexual violence when it occurs, even though it violates their own personal norms. Our main aim was to clarify young Australian nightlife patrons’ personal and descriptive norms regarding three sexual behaviors (Kissing, Grabbing and Grinding), to identify their …

Advancing Feminist Innovation In Sport Studies: A Transdisciplinary Dialogue On Gender, Health And Wellbeing, Holly Thorpe, Sheree Bekker, Simone Fullagar, Nonhlanhla Mkumbuzi, Sophia Nimphius, Madeleine Pape, Stacy T. Sims, A. Travers

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Athlete health and wellbeing requires a holistic, multidimensional approach to understanding, supporting, and treating individual athletes. Building more supportive, inclusive, and equitable environments for the health and wellbeing of women and gender expansive people further requires gender-responsive approaches that promote broader cultural change. Feminist sport and exercise medicine practitioners, sports scientists, and social science researchers are increasingly coming together in their efforts to do this work. However, working across disciplines inevitably includes an array of ontological, epistemological, and political challenges. In this paper, we offer a curated ‘dialogue’ with a group of feminist scholars engaged in research and practice across …

How Can We Address The Wicked Problem Of University Student Attrition? A Bed (Early Childhood) Case Study, Gillian Kirk

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Student retention in education courses is a political imperative. This research examined the wicked problem of attrition in a Bachelor of Education (Early Childhood Studies) course, drawing on the experiences of three different groups of students studying early childhood. The participants from each study represented different student groups within the course, which included all female (n = 20), all male (n = 6) and all mid-year entry students (n = 10). A qualitative methodology was employed to capture students’ university experiences and their perceptions of events at university. The research generated a unique theoretical framework examining the intersection between student …

Educators’ Perspectives About Teaching And Supporting Students With Learning Difficulties In Reading, Tanya Serry, Pam Snow, Lorraine Hammond, Emina Mclean, Jane Mccormack

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We explored the perspectives of school-based educators located in Victoria, Australia, regarding their support of students who have reading difficulties. An anonymous survey was completed by 523 participants, including educators, educational leaders and Student Support Services staff. Results revealed multiple areas of concern related to their capacity to work on reading intervention with these students. Although participants reported that students with reading difficulties were present in most classes, confidence to work effectively with these students was mixed. They described feeling poorly prepared by preservice programs and indicated that insufficient time and mentorship prevented them from serving these students optimally. As …

Enhancing Quality And Equity? Performance Assessment Validation In Examination Physical Education In Western Australia, Dawn Penney, Eibhlish O'Hara, Rob Lund

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The positioning and format of performance assessment in examination physical education varies between courses across Australia and internationally. This paper centres on developments in performance assessment in the Physical Education Studies (PES) course in Western Australia (WA). In 2021 The School Curriculum and Standards Authority (SCSA) undertook an assessment validation trial of school-based assessment of students participating in modified format competitive game play in the 10 PES sports. This contrasted to existing centralised examination arrangements. The paper reports on findings from observation of the trial in nine of the 10 sport contexts, and semi-structured interviews with teachers, validators and SCSA …

Does Government Efficiency Mitigate The Effect Of Natural Disasters On Tourist Arrivals, Yang Yang, Songshan (Sam) Huang, Wei Li, Fangyu Zhong, Tian Lan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Global tourism suffered its worst year in 2020 due to the widespread of COVID-19, and tourism industry-related professionals are looking for efficient measures to help tourism recover. Government efficiency was mentioned as an important factor for inbound tourism; however, its mitigating effect on the performance of inbound tourism in the context of natural disasters has not been empirically researched. This study attempts to address the gap through the analysis of a panel data set of 158 countries from 2002 to 2018. The results illustrate the mitigating effect of government efficiency on the negative impact of natural disasters on inbound tourist …

Rethinking Arts-Based Research Methods In Education: Enhanced Participant Engagement Processes To Increase Research Credibility And Knowledge Translation, Julia E. Morris, Lisa Francesca Paris

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Arts-based research is a participatory research practice that is well established in the qualitative field. However, while arts-based research has been defined as the creation of art to generate, interpret or communicate research knowledge, there is exiguous literature on the creation of art to establish trustworthiness in qualitative inquiry. This pilot case study specifically addresses this gap in the exploration of arts-based research practices to determine credibility and dependability. The context of the research was the impact of a Digital Sabbath practice on early career teachers, as teachers within their first five years of teaching are among the most vulnerable …

Hyper-Performativity And Early Career Teachers: Interrogating Teacher Subjectivities In Neoliberal Educational Assemblages, Kirsten Lambert, Christina Gray

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper explores the hyper-performative expectations of early career teachers (ECTs) in the context of neoliberal education assemblages. The need to support and retain beginning teachers is a salient issue in the context of troubling rates of teacher attrition. The study explores how ECTs perceive teacher identities in response to national standards. Our research revealed that ECTs held concerning conceptions of ‘quality teaching’ that are largely constructed through discourses of competition and job insecurity. ECT subjectivities were heavily influenced excessive extra-curricular hours, high-stress environments, and performative school cultures. This paper concludes that hyper-performative expectations of ECTs and insecure patterns of …

Innovative Behavior Among Service Workers And The Importance Of Leadership: Evidence From An Emerging Economy, Albert Amankwaa, Pattanee Susomrith, Pi-Shen Seet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study focuses on how service firms can nurture innovative behavior of employees through the important role of leadership. Despite the growth in innovation research, scholars have been slow to move from an R&D (i.e., technical capital) focus to that focusing on employee innovative behavior. However, organizations’ innovation initiatives heavily depend on employee human capital and behavior at work as these are key inputs in the value creation process. We focus on a specific type of leadership, transformational leadership, and explore a nascent employee concept, job embeddedness, to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms and conditions by which leaders may …

Developing A Community Rehabilitation And Lifestyle Service For A Remote Indigenous Community, Alice Cairns, Lynore Geia, Sylvia Kris, Elizabeth Armstrong, Amy O’Hara, Danielle Rodda, Robyn Mcdermott, Ruth Barker

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose

Community rehabilitation is an essential health service that is often not available to remote Australians. This paper describes the first cycle of a collaborative project, between local community members, allied health professionals and a university, to co-design a community rehabilitation and lifestyle service to support adults and older people to stay strong and age well in place.

Methods

An action research framework was used to develop the service for adults in two remote communities, one being a discrete Aboriginal community. The first cycle involved planning for, and trialling of a service, with observations, reflections and feedback from clients, community …

Impact Of Supply Chain Integration On Halal Food Supply Chain Integrity And Food Quality Performance, Mohd Helmi Ali, Mohammad Iranmanesh, Kim Hua Tan, Suhaiza Zailani, Nor Asiah Omar

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose: The current complex halal food supply chain (SC) has caused food scandals, which have illustrated the weakness of multiple food quality standards and certification and audits in ensuring food safety. Drawn on the resource-based view (RBV) theory, the purpose of this study is to explore the impacts of SC integration (SCI) on halal food SC integrity and, consequently, food quality.

Design/methodology/approach: Empirical data were collected from 275 halal-certified food companies in Malaysia and analysed using structural equation modelling – SmartPLS3.0.

Findings: The results confirmed that SCI, including internal, supplier and customer integrations, has significant effects on the dimensions of …

An Integrated Model Of Social Impacts And Resident’S Perceptions: From A Film Tourism Destination, Sangkyun (Sean) Kim, Eerang Park

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Minimal research has been carried out regarding the host community’s perceptions of and reactions to film tourism impacts, utilizing a mainstream tourism destination such as Bali. This article aims to identify and explain residents’ perceptions of and attitudes toward the social impacts of film tourism, proposing an integrated theoretical model of social exchange theory, social representations theory and place change theory. Results indicate that the integrated model is particularly robust in explaining what caused a condition or event to be perceived as negative, positive or neutral place change, and why such changes are interpreted and evaluated in the social and …

Effects Of A Nurse-Led Tai Chi Programme On Improving Quality Of Life, Mental Wellbeing, And Physical Function Of Women With Breast Cancer: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Carol Chunfeng Wang, Sadie Geraghty, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Calvin Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives:

Quality of life, mental wellbeing, and physical function deteriorate among women with breast cancer. Tai Chi is a moderate form of exercise that may be effective in improving the mental and physical wellbeing, therefore, the quality of life of women with breast cancer. This protocol paper outlines a trial to determine the therapeutic effects of a Tai Chi programme on breast cancer management.

Methods:

The study will be an interventional, single-blind, double-armed, randomized, and controlled trial involving a 12-week Tai Chi programme for women with breast cancer. Forty participants aged 18 years and above who are diagnosed with breast …

Is The Precipitation Of Anxiety Symptoms Associated With Bolus Doses Of Flumazenil A Barrier To Its Use At Low Continuous Doses In Benzodiazepine Withdrawal?, Alexander Gallo, Tim Macdonald, Kellie Bennett, Gioiamia Basso-Hulse, Gary Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction:

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are used in the management of anxiety and sleep disorders; however, chronic use is associated with tolerance and dependence. During withdrawal, symptoms of anxiety are often severe and problematic for patients and may lead to relapse or maintenance on low doses of BZDs. Low, continuous doses of flumazenil reduce BZD withdrawal symptoms in several studies; however, bolus doses are known to induce anxiety and precipitate panic. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine whether continuous low-dose flumazenil is anxiogenic like bolus doses.

Method:

In a randomised control cross over design, participants received a continuous low-dose flumazenil infusion for …

Myth-Busting In An Aboriginal Pre-University Bridging Program: Embedding Transformative Learning Pedagogy, Rebecca Bennett, Karin Strehlow, Braden Hill

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Pre-university bridging programs can address the significant under-representation of Indigenous students in Australian universities by providing culturally supported alternative pathways into undergraduate study. However, successful completion of bridging programs does not always correlate with university enrolment for Indigenous students. This paper offers a pedagogical rationale for an Indigenous bridging program that aims to address this discrepancy. The program curriculum challenges deficit myths about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians and education, while developing foundational academic skills for university study. Leveraging Transformative Learning and Cultural Interface theories, the program aims to empower students with the opportunity to develop their own narratives …

The Agreement Between A Portable Contact-Mat And Force-Plates During Bilateral Vertical Jumps, Stuart N. Guppy, Yosuke Kotani, Jason Lake, Christopher Latella, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Kristina Kendall, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Force plates are commonly used when assessing vertical jumping performance but are not always affordable or practical tools for all testing situations. Twenty-four participants volunteered to take part in a study investigating the agreement between bilateral force plates and a new commercially available contact mat that records jump height, flight-time (FT), and FT of individual limbs during both countermovement (CMJ) and squat (SJ) jumps. Each participant performed six jumps of each type while standing on a contact mat placed upon a pair of in-ground force plates. When compared to the force plate via ordinary least products regression, the contact mat …

Temptations, Techniques And Typologies: Insights From A Western Australian Sample Of Young People Who Burgle, Suzanne Rock, Natalie J. Gately, James Mccue, Nathalie St Martin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

A significant amount of property crime is committed by young people. In this novel qualitative study, 50 young people were interviewed to obtain an insight into their motivations to burgle. Decisions were based on peer pressure, opportunity and perceived need. Bennett and Wright’s typologies of adult burglars were applied to young burglars. Young burglars were more prone than adults in Bennett and Wright’s study to commit opportunistic burglaries, but were deterred by similar target characteristics. The social and psychological factors are strong motivators for youth burglary and should guide the development of intervention and deterrence strategies.

Values Engagement As A Predictor Of Eating Disorder Severity In Female Adolescents With Eating Disorders, Julie M. Petersen, Jennifer L. Barney, Tyson S. Barrett, Tera S. Lensegrav-Benson, Benita Quakenbush-Roberts, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Student Research

Values are freely chosen life directions and/or qualities of being that can motivate behavior change. There is nascent support for the utility of values work as a part of the therapeutic process across treatments, particularly in third wave therapy approaches (e.g., acceptance and commitment therapy). However, therapeutic values work is underresearched in clinical samples of youth. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of the two distinct values processes (engagement and obstruction), body image inflexibility, alongside other common comorbid symptoms of eating disorders (anxiety, depression) in a sample of female adolescents with eating disorders attending a …

Intensive Outpatient Acceptance And Commitment Therapy With Exposure And Response Prevention For Adolescents, Julie M. Petersen, Patricia Zurita Ona, Moorea Blythe, Clara M. Möller, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Student Research

Intensive treatments for youth obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are important and underresearched. This study used three adolescent cases to assess the preliminary efficacy of an intensive treatment combining acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) for OCD. Participants received intensive treatment for 15 hours per week for three weeks. Assessments were collected at pre-treatment, weekly during treatment, and at posttreatment. All participants ended treatment in the mild range of OCD severity with 32-60% reductions in symptoms. Participants also reported notable improvements in psychological flexibility and ended treatment in the non-clinical range of depression, anxiety, and stress. These …