Digital Commons Network^™

Cover Cropping: Sensor-Based Estimations Of Biomass Yield And Nutrient Uptake And Its Impact On Sugarcane Productivity, Hector H. Fajardo Duran

LSU Master's Theses

Sugarcane in Louisiana can be harvested for up to three years from one planting. Soil cultivation along sides of established beds is done for weed control and improve fertilizer use efficiency which increases the risk of soil degradation and yield decline. Planting cover crops (CC) is a soil conservation practice and an effective strategy to improve soil health and nutrient recycling. Limited work has been done on remote sensor-based evaluation of the potential nutrient benefits from cover crops and its effect on nutrient cycling on sugarcane systems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two planting methods (broadcast …

Effect Of Various Preterm Infant Milk Formulas On Nec-Like Gut Injury In Mice., Karishma Rao, Alain Cuna, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Heather Menden, Wei Yu, Ishfaq Ahmed, Pugazhendhi Srinivasan, Shahid Umar, Venkatesh Sampath

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Formula feeding is an important risk factor for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. The potential harmful effects of different preterm formulas on the developing intestinal tract remain incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that feeding newborn mouse pups with various preterm formulas resulted in differing effects on intestinal inflammation, apoptosis, and activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NFκB. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that each preterm formula resulted in significant gut microbial alterations that were different from dam-fed controls. Formula feeding with EleCare and Similac Special Care caused greater intestinal injury compared to NeoSure. Pre-treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG …

Birth Length Is The Strongest Predictor Of Linear Growth Status And Stunting In The First 2 Years Of Life After A Preconception Maternal Nutrition Intervention: The Children Of The Women First Trial, Nancy F Krebs, K Michael Hambidge, Jamie L Westcott, Ana L Garcés, Lester Figueroa, Antoinette K Tshefu, Adrien L Lokangaka, Shivaprasad S Goudar, Sangappa M Dhaded, Sarah Saleem, Sumera Aziz Ali, Melissa S Bauserman, Richard J Derman, Robert L Goldenberg, Abhik Das, Dhuly Chowdhury

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The multicountry Women First trial demonstrated that nutritional supplementation initiated prior to conception (arm 1) or early pregnancy (arm 2) and continued until delivery resulted in significantly greater length at birth and 6 mo compared with infants in the control arm (arm 3).

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated intervention effects on infants' longitudinal growth trajectory from birth through 24 mo and identified predictors of length status and stunting at 24 mo.

METHODS: Infants' anthropometry was obtained at 6, 12, 18, and 24 mo after the Women First trial (registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01883193), which was conducted in low-resource settings: Democratic Republic …

Improving Recognition And Treatment Of Depression Among Women Using Phq-9 During Office Visits, Victoria Nwokocha, Heather Owens, Chris Webb

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

Depression can affect productivity and earnings among women, slow down the pace of active participation in social and family life, and increase health costs as well as distract attention from optimal health targets. Depression is the highest source of disability in NYC, with billions of dollars annually in related productivity losses. Although healthcare spending on depression affected patients is largely on hospital admissions, an estimated 40% of affected persons in New York do not get the adequate attention and care needed, with women most often affected by depression. This is an indication that the bedrock of preventive medicine for mental …

Evaluation Of An Initiative To Increase Rates Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Rural Hispanic Immigrant Women, Naomi E. Pitcock

Dissertations

This project was a retrospective evaluation of the prenatal education component of a multi-component breastfeeding promotion intervention. The educational portion of this program, provided in Spanish using intercultural communication techniques, was designed to increase the number of Hispanic women who choose to initiate breastfeeding, using breast milk exclusively to nourish their newborns. The Hispanic women included in this program were all registered with a local prenatal-care coordination program for low-income women, had routine hospital births (both vaginal and C-section) and elected to participate in the prenatal education class. Data regarding intention to breastfeed and breastfeeding during hospitalization were gathered through …

Vitamin E Enhances Cancer Immunotherapy By Reinvigorating Dendritic Cells Via Targeting Checkpoint Shp1, Xiangliang Yuan, Yimin Duan, Yi Xiao, Kai Sun, Yutao Qi, Yuan Zhang, Zamal Ahmed, Davide Moiani, Jun Yao, Hongzhong Li, Lin Zhang, Arseniy E Yuzhalin, Ping Li, Chenyu Zhang, Akosua Badu-Nkansah, Yohei Saito, Xianghua Liu, Wen-Ling Kuo, Haoqiang Ying, Shao-Cong Sun, Jenny C Chang, John A Tainer, Dihua Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the popular use of dietary supplements during conventional cancer treatments, their impacts on the efficacies of prevalent immunotherapies, including immune-checkpoint therapy (ICT), are unknown. Surprisingly, our analyses of electronic health records revealed that ICT-treated patients with cancer who took vitamin E (VitE) had significantly improved survival. In mouse models, VitE increased ICT antitumor efficacy, which depended on dendritic cells (DC). VitE entered DCs via the SCARB1 receptor and restored tumor-associated DC functionality by directly binding to and inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP1, a DC-intrinsic checkpoint. SHP1 inhibition, genetically or by VitE treatment, enhanced tumor antigen cross-presentation by DCs and …

Recalibrating An Agent-Based Model Of Global Food And Nutrition Trade, Nick Roxburgh, Gary Polhill, Jiaqi Ge

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Global food and nutrition security has long been an issue of international concern, with ‘zero hunger’ prominent as one of the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals and the importance of safeguarding food security acknowledged in the Paris Agreement. In previously published work (Ge et al. 2021), the calibration and validation of an agent-based model of global food and nutrition trade was demonstrated. The model focused on the role of relational factors in shaping countries’ trade behaviour, with each country represented as a discrete agent. It was designed to allow a wide variety of scenarios to be simulated, including the …

Developing Agile Approaches To Scientific Modelling In Policy-Relevant Contexts, Gary Polhill, Rebekka Artz, Nikki Baggaley, Marie Castellazzi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Over twenty years have passed since the advent of ‘agile’ project management thinking in the software engineering domain (Beck et al. 2001). With exceptions such as Moyo et al. (2015) and Zare et al. (2020), ‘agile’ is not commonly-used in transdisciplinary modelling literature, nor routinely expected in transdisciplinary research calls. Partly, this is because there are well-established methodologies such as Companion Modelling (Étienne 2014) that adopt similar principles with different nomenclature. It is also true that, unlike more routine software development processes, the particularities and complexities of specific research questions combined with the relatively small volume of practitioners means it …

Utilizing Heart Rate And Rpe To Prescribe Cycle Ergometer Hiit In Older Adults: A Feasibility Study, Christopher J. Keating, Pedro Ángel Latorre Román, José Carlos Cabrera Linares, Ana De La Casa Pérez, Juan Antonio Párraga Montilla

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 896-909, 2022. Previous research has provided evidence that aerobic HIIT exercise can induce important physiological adaptations and elicit improvements in health and fitness parameters. However, most of the research has taken place in a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and monitoring devices. It begs the question, is HIIT accessible to the general aging population? The objective of the current research was to employ an age-predicted HRmax to prescribe a minimally invasive 4x4 cycle ergometer HIIT protocol. Ten participants (age: 64.2 ± 6.1) completed a non-weight-bearing cycle ergometer protocol for 6 weeks. Significant Pearson correlations …

Full-Text Retrievals And Ebsco Discovery Service: Assessing Usage Of E-Journals Across Multiple Platforms, Simon Robins

Roesch Library Faculty Publications

This study utilizes COUNTER 5 data from the University of Dayton (UD) to measure full-text retrievals of e-journal articles from five major academic journal publishers (Taylor & Francis, SAGE, Oxford, Wiley, and Springer). Usage data from these publishers’ e-journals within EBSCO is compared to the same content when accessed from publisher platforms such as Wiley Online Library or SpringerLINK. Building on previous studies that have largely focused on links (or referrals) from the library discovery layer to publisher platforms, this study analyzes usage of full text-articles stored within EBSCO Discovery Service and EBSCOhost subject databases to consider how these full-text …

Psychological Distress Among Asian Indians And Non-Hispanic Whites In The United States, Zasim Azhar Siddiqui, Usha Sambamoorthi

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Introduction: The prevalence of psychological distress (PD) among Asian Indians is unknown. This study estimated and compared moderate–serious PD in Asian Indians and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) in the United States.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional design using the National Health Interview Survey (2012–2017). Adult (age >18 years) NHWs and Asian Indians (N=2,218) were included. PD was measured using the six-item Kessler (K6) scale. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the association of Asian Indian ethnicity with PD.

Results: In the analysis, 19.9% of NHWs and 11.0% of Asian Indians reported moderate–serious PD. Asian Indians were less likely …

The Utah Statesman, July 5, 2022, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Circadiomics: Circadian Omic Web Portal, Muntaha Samad, Forest Agostinelli, Tomoki Sato, Kohei Shimaji, Pierre Baldi

Faculty Publications

Circadian rhythms are a foundational aspect of biology. These rhythms are found at the molecular level in every cell of every living organism and they play a fundamental role in homeostasis and a variety of physiological processes. As a result, biomedical research of circadian rhythms continues to expand at a rapid pace. To support this research, CircadiOmics (http://circadiomics.igb.uci.edu/) is the largest annotated repository and analytic web server for high-throughput omic (e.g. transcriptomic, metabolomic, proteomic) circadian time series experimental data. CircadiOmics contains over 290 experiments and over 100 million individual measurements, across >20 unique tissues/organs, and 11 different species. Users are …

Epixplorer: A Web Server For Prediction, Analysis And Visualization Of Enhancer-Promoter Interactions, Li Tang, Zhizhou Zhong, Yisheng Lin, Yifei Yang, Jun Wang, James F Martin, Min Li

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Long distance enhancers can physically interact with promoters to regulate gene expression through formation of enhancer-promoter (E-P) interactions. Identification of E-P interactions is also important for profound understanding of normal developmental and disease-associated risk variants. Although the state-of-art predictive computation methods facilitate the identification of E-P interactions to a certain extent, currently there is no efficient method that can meet various requirements of usage. Here we developed EPIXplorer, a user-friendly web server for efficient prediction, analysis and visualization of E-P interactions. EPIXplorer integrates 9 robust predictive algorithms, supports multiple types of 3D contact data and multi-omics data as input. The …

Risk Factors Associated With Short-Term Complications In Mandibular Fractures: The Mantra Study—A Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (Mtrec), S Kent, A Adatia, P James, K Bains, A Henry, C Blore, B Dawoud, D Kumar, C Jefferies, P Kyzas, D Sonigra, E Botha, S Ooi, M Bosov, E Fish, Y Lin, B Aslam-Pervez, R Fletcher, F Wright, H Khan, T Collins, R Loke, L Niraj, G Dhanjal, A Ghosh, V Kaneria, C Mcintosh, M Moksud, Higgins C O, A Taha, A Thompson, G Tow, J Wege, F Sidat, M Sthankiya, D Hughes, S Ng, H Patel, D Smyth, C Craddock, J Douglas, C. Gordon, S. Iyer, C. Jefferies, P. Sexton, R. Taylor, E. Walshaw, C. Man, J. Sankey, H. Wilcock, A. Nijamudeen, O. Tabbenor, A. Davies, T. Henderson, N. Pigadas, R. Rupchandani, D. Zakai, Y. Coll, B. Dunphy, E. Gruber, Y. Ko, R. Kulkarni, R. Paul, K. Jetty, R. Exley, R. Pancholi, N. Horisk, A. Korobczuk, C. Chandran, A. Dalal, R. Shivam, N. Allison, G. Stonier, F. Dylgjeri, J. Rooney, T. Svoboda, A. Ahmed, S. Farooq, N. Turton, S. Clyde, M. Ritchie, S. Brandsma, H. Nazir, Y. Mousa, S. Choudhury, K. Crawley, E. Offen, A. Iqbal, G. Baniulyte, A. Pamma, O. Yaqoob

Peninsula Dental School

Introduction

Complications following mandibular fractures occur in 9–23% of patients. Identifying those at risk is key to prevention. Previous studies highlighted smoking, age and time from injury to presentation as risk factors but rarely recorded other possible confounders. In this paper, we use a collaborative snapshot audit to document novel risk factors and confirm established risks for complications following the treatment of mandibular fractures. Methods

The audit was carried out by 122 OMFS trainees across the UK and Ireland (49 centres) over 6 months, coordinated by the Maxillofacial Surgery Trainees Research Collaborative. Variables recorded included basic demography, medical and social …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 126), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Aroma And Baking Characteristics Of Kiwifruit And Its Bread Fermented By Pediococcus Pentosaceus, Huang Jing, Iang Li-Ting, Chen Cheng, Guo Rui-Jun, Huang Wei-Ning, Zeng Yong-Qing, Li Ning, Gao Tie-Cheng, Zhou Li-Yuan

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aimed to explore the effect of Pediococcus pentosaceus J8 fermented kiwifruit on bread baking and flavor profile characteristics of wheat bread. Methods: The changes in β glucosidase enzyme activity, organic acids and flavor compounds during kiwifruit fermentation were analyzed. The physical and chemical properties of wheat dough incorporated with fermented kiwifruit were determined. Moreover, the changes in total dietary fiber and total amino acid content, bread quality and flavor characteristics of the resulted bread were also determined. Results: After 15.5 hours of fermentation, the β glucosidase activity reached 55.13 U/L, and the content of lactic acid and …

Analysis Of Flavor Compounds In The Process Of Stewed Pork At Key Stages, Yao Min, Xie Guo-Fang, Yang Rong, Zhou Di, Long Qing-Meng, Zhang Chun-Jiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:The flavor formation process of stewed pork was investigated in this study. Methods: Electronic nose and gas-phase mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to compare the key processes such as bleaching, frying, stewing and addition of sauces during the processing of stewed pork, and to analyze the changes of flavor compounds. Results: The results of electronic nose measurement were consistent with the results of gas chromatography analysis. The flavor content of raw pork and sauces was the highest, and the flavor substances decreased in the blanching, frying and stewing stages. However, the characte-ristic flavor substances were formed continuously. A …

Quality Analysis Of Fatty Acids And Lecithin Composition Of 20 Kinds Of Fresh Walnut, Yan Meng-Xi, Liu Jing-Wei, Xu Ke-Peng, Song Jie, Li Zhong-Jun

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study aims to explore the correlation between the types and contents of fatty acids and lecithin in fresh walnut.Methods:A kinds of 20 walnuts were selected from Chengdu in Sichuan Province. The method of the gas chromatography and the high performance liquid chromatography were used for quantitative determination. Correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the results.Results:The fatty acid composition of 20 kinds of fresh walnut was the same basically, with significant differences in content (P＜0.05). Longnan 15 had the highest oleic acid content. The contents of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and cis-11-eicosenoic …

The Effect Of Vacuum Freezing-Hot Air Combined Drying On The Quality Of Purple-Spotted Peony In Gansu, Zhao Xue-Fang, Liang Qi, Tang Hong, Zhang Si-Man, Xu Bao-Di

Food and Machinery

Objective:To reveal the effect of drying processes on the quality of Gansu purple-spoted peonycorolla tea, and to explain the drying mechanism of different drying processes.Methods:Vacuum freezing-hot air combined drying (FHCD), variable temperature hot air drying (VHD) and vacuum freeze drying (VFD) were used to dry the flowers of peony. The active ingredient (anthocyanin content) and quality attributes (moisture content, shrinkage rate and rehydration) of the purple-spotted peony corolla tea processed by three drying processes were determined, and the energy consumption of the drying processes and sensory characteristics (appearance, tea color, taste, etc.) of corolla tea were compared with three …

Auxiliary Hypoglycemic Effect Of Compound Nutritional Powder On Stz Rats, Sheng Qing-Hai, Liu Cheng, Pan Li-Na, Wang Jia-Qi, Jia Yan-Ju

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on evaluating the auxiliary blood glucose-lowering function of self-made compound nutritional powder in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods:SD rats were intravenously injected with STZ to construct a pancreatic islet injury type 2 diabetes model. The compound nutritional powder was given by oral gavage at doses of 1.68, 3.35 and 6.70 g/kg for 30 days. Fasting blood glucose and blood glucose were measured after 30 days. Glucose tolerance index to investigate the effect of compound nutrients on STZ rats.Results:The compound nutritional powder was positive for the fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance indexes of STZ rats; …

Optimization Of Carrot Heat Pump Drying Process By Response Surface Methodology, Peng Yu-Hang, Wang Guang-Hong, Sun Fei-Xue, Jin Ting-Xiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on optimizing the heat pump drying process of carrot.Methods:On the basis of single factor experiment, Box-Behnken experiment was designed. Color difference, rehydration ratio and β-carotene content were used to study the effects of initial temperature, drying temperature rise and slice thickness on carrot drying quality. The regression equation was established, and the interaction between three independent factors on the response was analyzed. The optimal drying process parameters and the predicted values of carrot heat pump drying were obtained. Finally, the optimal parameters were determined by comparing the experimental results with the predicted values.Results:The …

Research Progress On Nutrient Components And Application Of The Exported “Qinzhou Huang” Millet, Zhang Xin-Xin, Yang Yan-Qiang, Hua Jin, Wu Xi

Food and Machinery

In this review, the cultivation environment, research and development status, nutritional composition, health effect and application in food and medicine of Changzhi region characteristic export products“Qinzhou Huang”millet were summarized,and its development prospects, development and utilization were prospected.

Research Progress On Extraction, Compound Of Walnut Oil And Its Function, Deng Xin-Yu, Huang Min-Ru, Huang Da-Rong, Du Bing, Li Pan

Food and Machinery

In this paper, walnut oil was reviewed from four aspects: nutritional components, extraction technology, efficacy and compounding. The changes of nutritional components of walnut oil with different extraction technology and compounding methods were discussed. The future research direction was prospected. The constraints of emerging technology and the new compounding method of walnut oil were the focus of walnut oil research in the future.

The Use Of Second-Generation Antipsychotics And The Changes In Physical Growth In Children And Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Hiv, Nan Xin, Jenni Durieux, Chunxia Yang, Suzanne Wolff, Hyun-Eui Kim, Andrew Dillin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is dedicated to promoting mitochondrial proteostasis and is linked to extreme longevity. The key regulator of this process is the transcription factor ATFS-1, which, upon UPRmt activation, is excluded from the mitochondria and enters the nucleus to regulate UPRmt genes. However, the repair proteins synthesized as a direct result of UPRmt activation must be transported into damaged mitochondria that had previously excluded ATFS-1 owing to reduced import efficiency. To address this conundrum, we analyzed the role of the import machinery when the UPRmt was induced. Using in vitro and in vivo analysis of mitochondrial …

Natural Products Inhibitors Of Monoamine Oxidases—Potential New Drug Leads For Neuroprotection, Neurological Disorders, And Neuroblastoma, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Francisco León Ph.D., Ilias Muhammad, Babu L. Tekwani

Faculty Publications

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are an important class of drugs prescribed for treatment of depression and other neurological disorders. Evidence has suggested that patients with atypical depression preferentially respond to natural product MAOIs. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the natural products, predominantly from plant sources, as potential new MAOI drug leads. The psychoactive properties of several traditionally used plants and herbal formulations were attributed to their MAOI constituents. MAO inhibitory constituents may also be responsible for neuroprotective effects of natural products. Different classes of MAOIs were identified from the natural product sources with non-selective as well as selective …

Effects Of Simultaneous Combination Of Steam And Microwave Cooking On The Quality Of Pork Ribs, Yao Qing, Chen Yan-Ping, Sun Ying-Ying, Fang Kun, Cao Ya-Qun, Xu Yan-Shun

Food and Machinery

Objective:To determine the quality changes of the quality of pork ribs in simultaneous combination of steam and microwave cooking.Methods:The physicochemical quality, texture, fatty acids, amino acids, total thiol group, total carbonyl and vitro protein digestibility of pork ribs treated with simultaneous combination of steam and microwave were investigated.Results:The simultaneous combination of steam and microwave could significantly reduce the cooking time compared with the single steaming. And the combined cooking of microwave with 500 W and steam with 1 300 W for 13 min (MS-13) could reduce 48% of the cooking time. Compared with other groups, the pork …

Human Remains In Museums And Institutions: Laws And Policies, Cassidy Steele

Master of Arts in Art and Design Theses

Human remains are a unique type of archaeological artifact because of the emotional and cultural ties to living descendants that can still affect the living today. Museums have acquired sets of human remains over the decades by various means like purchases, donations, and grave robbing. The ethical and legal process of displaying and having ownership of human remains has been questioned in countries like the United States and the United Kingdom because both have extensive human remains collections from multiple different cultures. While there are human remains in institutions other than museums that have to abide by the same laws, …

Interspecific Differences In The Flow Regimes And Drag Of North Pacific Skate Egg Cases, Kayla C. Hall, Jaida N. Elcock, Gerald R. Hoff, Duane E. Stevenson, Adam P. Summers, Cassandra M. Donatelli

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Skates are a diverse group of dorso-ventrally compressed cartilaginous fishes found primarily in high-latitude seas. These slow-growing oviparous fishes deposit their fertilized eggs into cases, which then rest on the seafloor. Developing skates remain in their cases for 1-4 years after they are deposited, meaning the abiotic characteristics of the deposition sites, such as current and substrate type, must interact with the capsule in a way to promote long residency. Egg cases are morphologically variable and can be identified to species. Both the gross morphology and the microstructures of the egg case interact with substrate to determine how well a …

Lubrication Performance Of Sunflower Oil Reinforced With Halloysite Clay Nanotubes (Hnt) As Lubricant Additives, Md Abu Sayeed Biswas, Md Mashfiqur Rahman, Javier A. Ortega, Laura Peña-Parás, Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés, José A. González, Ricardo Cantú, Adrián Campos, Eugenio Flores

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

This study evaluates the tribological performance of nanolubricants of a vegetable oil (sunflower oil) reinforced with different concentrations of environmentally-friendly nanoparticles of halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs). Tribological characterization was performed under different conditions to determine its effect on the nanolubricants’ performance and optimal HNT concentration. The tribological performances under low and high contact pressures were analyzed with a block-on-ring tribometer following the ASTM G-077-05 standard procedure. The extreme pressure (EP) properties of the nanolubricants were determined with a T-02 four-ball tribotester according to the ITeE-PIB Polish method for testing lubricants under scuffing conditions. In addition, the lubrication performance of the …