Digital Commons Network^™

Citizen's Arrest And Race, Ira P. Robbins

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

I begin with a mea culpa. In 2016, I published an article about citizen’s arrest. The idea for the article arose in 2014, when a disgruntled Virginia citizen attempted to arrest a law school professor while class was in progress. I set out to research and write a “traditional” law review article. In it, I traced the origins of the doctrine of citizen’s arrest to medieval England, imposing a positive duty on citizens to assist the King in seeking out suspected offenders and detaining them. I observed that the need for citizen’s arrest lessened with the development of organized and …

Platform-Enabled Crimes: Pluralizing Accountability When Social Media Companies Enable Perpetrators To Commit Atrocities, Rebecca Hamilton

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Online intermediaries are omnipresent. Each day across the globe, the corporations running these platforms execute policies and practices that serve their profit model, typically by sustaining user engagement. Sometimes, these seemingly banal business activities enable principal perpetrators to commit crimes. Online intermediaries, however, are almost never held to account for their complicity in the resulting harms. This Article introduces the concept of platformenabled crimes into the legal literature to highlight the ways in which the ordinary business activities of online intermediaries enable the commission of crime. It then focuses on a subset of platform-enabled crimes—those in which a social media …

[Marked Confidential]: Negative Externalities Of Discovery Secrecy, Gustavo Ribeiro

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Current unprecedented levels of secrecy in civil discovery create significant negative externalities by preventing our adversary system from measuring up to the broad public goals that justify it. First, excessive discovery secrecy undermines the courts and the public’s ability to correct distortions of the truth-seeking function of the adversary system caused by excessive partisanship and confirmation bias. Second, it weakens the adversary system’s promotion of liberal democratic values, such as transparency and self-government. Third, it threatens the adversary system’s role in upholding human dignity, understood either as respect or status. To correct the negative externalities caused by excessive discovery secrecy, …

An Analysis Of Cpr Performance, Self-Efficacy, And Deliberate Feedback, Caroline Martinez

Health Nutrition and Exercise Science

During sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), prompt initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by a healthcare provider or layperson is critical to a patient’s odds of survival.4 The absence of health care providers in athletic settings often leaves coaches as the primary responder in competitive or recreational athletics. The goal of this study was to determine if coaches could provide high-quality CPR. Twenty coaches completed confidence and deliberate feedback questionnaires before and after two sessions of 5 minute compression-only CPR. Data were analyzed to compare confidence pre and post CPR assessment, as well as to determine the relationship between CPR performance, self-efficacy, …

Development Of Phage Cocktails To Treate Coli Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection And Associated Biofilms, Belkys C Sanchez, Emmaline R Heckmann, Sabrina I Green, Justin R Clark, Heidi B Kaplan, Robert F Ramig, Casey Hines-Munson, Felicia Skelton, Barbara W Trautner, Anthony W Maresso

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High rates of antimicrobial resistance and formation of biofilms makes treatment of Escherichia coli catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) particularly challenging. CAUTI affect 1 million patients per year in the United States and are associated with morbidity and mortality, particularly as an etiology for sepsis. Phage have been proposed as a potential therapeutic option. Here, we report the development of phage cocktails that lyse contemporary E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and display strong biofilm-forming properties. We characterized E. coli phage against biofilms in two in vitro CAUTI models. Biofilm viability was …

A Survey On Self-Medication For The Prevention Or Treatment Of Covid-19 And Distrust In Healthcare Of Veterans In A Primary Care Setting In The United States, Eva Amenta, Larissa Grigoryan, Laura Dillon, Casey Hines-Munson, John Van, Barbara Trautner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic brought the public overwhelming and conflicting information. Rates of trust in healthcare professionals have been declining among laypersons over the past five decades. In this setting, we sought to evaluate the use of medications, both with or without a prescription, to prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 as well as trust in healthcare among patients in a primary care clinic.

DESIGN: We surveyed 150 veterans in primary care clinic waiting rooms at a large southwestern tertiary care Veterans Affairs hospital. This survey was performed in March-November 2021.

METHODS: The survey asked about respondents' demographics, use of medications, …

Effectiveness Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Ventilation Devices With Protective Hockey Equipment As Performed By Certified Athletic Trainers, Lauren Konkol

Health Nutrition and Exercise Science

Certified Athletic Trainers (ATCs) are expected to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on athletes experiencing cardiac arrest regardless of the protective equipment worn by the athlete. Additionally, ventilation devices used by ATCs aid in the delivery of ventilations during CPR. The goal of this research was to determine which ventilation device allowed ATCs to deliver adequate ventilations and to establish recommendations for helmet removal method in hockey players requiring CPR. Twenty ATCs completed four scenarios of CPR according to the 2020 AHA guidelines using a PocketMask (PM) or FaceShield (FS) to deliver ventilations and accessing the airway by removing only the …

Tracking Body Dissatisfaction And Body Ideals Of Ethnically Diverse College Women, Emma Johnson

Human Development and Family Science

Globally, women are exposed to society-created, unachievable body ideals, which change over time and are subject to influence by other, typically Western, societies. Socializing agents such as family members, peers, and media often reinforce these ideals through pressure, which can then lead to body dissatisfaction. Research on body ideals and body dissatisfaction disproportionately focuses on White women within the United States. While this group is important to continue to examine, there is a need to include women from outside of the United States and from Non-Western societies. Thus, this study examined college women’s perceptions of body ideals within and outside …

Wework: A Unicorn Company That Went Bust, Ana J. Montalvo

Socionomic Prize Winners and Events (Archived)

No abstract provided.

Pay It Forward: Realizing The Promise Of Oer For The Next Generation Of Learners, Kimberly S. Grotewold, Karen Kohler, Elisabeth M. Krimbill

Library Staff Publications (Archived)

Using Open Educational Resources to Promote Social Justice explores the opportunities and challenges of moving the discussion about open educational resources (OER) beyond affordability to address structural inequities found throughout academia and scholarly publishing. OER have the potential to celebrate research done by marginalized populations in the context of their own communities, to amplify the voices of those who have the knowledge but have been excluded from formal prestige networks, and to engage students as co-creators of learning content that is relevant and respectful of their cultural contexts. Edited by academic librarians with experience advocating across campus, Using Open Educational …

Drivers And Challenges Of Wearable Devices Use: Content Analysis Of Online Users Reviews, Ahmed El Noshokaty, Omar El-Gayar, Abdullah Wahbeh, Mohammad A. Al-Ramahi, Tareq Nasralah

Computer Information Systems Faculty Publications (Archived)

With recent advancements in wearable device technologies, there is still a need to investigate drivers and challenges associated with the use of these devices. Following a content analysis approach, this study leverages recent “found large-scale” data to better understand the drivers and challenges that affect the adoption and use of such devices. Analyzing a total of 16,717 online reviews about wearable devices, the findings emphasized the importance of various functionalities (perceived usefulness), appeal, and a number of device design features as the most prominent drivers, while concerns about quality, credibility, and perceived value as potential challenges to wearable adoption and …

Using Burdens Of Proof To Allocate The Risk Of Error When Assessing Developmental Maturity Of Youthful Offenders, David L. Faigman, Kelsey Geiser

Faculty Scholarship

Behavioral and neuroscientific research provides a relatively clear window into the timing of developmental maturity from adolescence to early adulthood. We know with considerable confidence that, on average, sixteen-year-olds are less developmentally mature than nineteen-year-olds, who are less developmentally mature than twenty-three-year-olds, who are less developmentally mature than twenty-six-year-olds. However, in the context of a given case, the question presented might be whether a particular seventeen-year-old defendant convicted of murder is “developmentally mature enough” that a sentence of life without parole can be constitutionally imposed on him or her. While developmental maturity can be accurately measured in group data, it …

Dynamic 3d In Vitro Bone Metastatic Testbeds For Prostate And Breast Cancer, Haneesh Jasuja

Materials and Nanotechnology

Metastatic prostate cancer spreads preferentially to the bone, causing skeletal complications associated with significant morbidity and a poor prognosis, despite current therapeutic approaches. Increasing evidence suggests the synergistic role of biochemical and biophysical cues in cancer progression at metastases. However, the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between interstitial flow-induced mechanical stimuli and prostate cancer progression in the bone microenvironment remains poorly understood. To this end, we have developed 3D in vitro dynamic models of prostate cancer bone metastasis using perfusion bioreactor and horizontal flow bioreactor to delineate the role of flow-induced shear stress on prostate cancer progression and migration, respectively at …

Enhanced Bone Tissue Regeneration Enabled With Tissue-Engineered Interlocking Nanoclay Scaffolds And Bone Morphogenic Proteins, Krishna Kundu

Materials and Nanotechnology

About 6 million bone fractures occur annually in the US; 30% require bone grafting transplants to aid bone healing. Well-established clinical therapy techniques for bone regeneration suffer from limited availability, higher infection risk, donor site morbidity, and poor transplant integration. Delay in healing or nonunion of critical-sized defects is another concern in orthopedics. This dissertation focuses on constructing an interlocking scaffold structure to speed bone regeneration. In this thesis, a BMP-2 & 7 coated PCL-nanoclay-hydroxyapatite interlocking scaffold was developed to accelerate bone regeneration. Developed nano clay polymer interlocking scaffolds retain the scaffold's structural integrity and provide a large surface area …

Rulemaking's Second Founding, Richard L. Marcus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Punitive Surveillance, Kate Weisburd

Faculty Scholarship

Budget constraints, bipartisan desire to address mass incarceration, and the COVID-19 crisis in prisons have triggered state and federal officials to seek alternatives to incarceration. As a result, invasive electronic surveillance—such as GPS-equipped ankle monitors, smartphone tracking, and suspicionless searches of electronic devices—is often touted as a humane substitute for incarceration. This type of monitoring, which I term “punitive surveillance,” allows government officials, law enforcement, and for-profit companies to track, record, search, and analyze the location, biometric data, and other meta-data of thousands of people on probation and parole. With virtually no legal oversight or restraint, punitive surveillance deprives people …

Healthcare Provider Education For Recognizing And Assisting Victims Of Human Trafficking, Haley Nicole Fisher

Nursing

Human trafficking has increasing prevalence in the United States (U.S.) with an estimated 1.6 million people trafficked at any time. Healthcare systems are one of the most critical access points for identifying and recognizing victims of human trafficking. Unfortunately, a majority of healthcare providers have never received training on human trafficking. There are approximately 835 nurse practitioners (NPs) within North Dakota (ND). With increasing prevalence of human trafficking in the U.S., education for healthcare providers must be provided to aid in the fight against human trafficking. The purpose of this practice improvement project (PIP) was to increase NP perceived knowledge …

Assessment Of Health Literacy And Preferred Learning Style Of Patients In A Rural North Dakota Primary Care Clinic, Cassie Rose Holt

Nursing

Individuals with low health literacy face many difficulties within the healthcare system, including seeking medical care in inappropriate places, foregoing appointments and preventative health screenings, and misunderstanding self-care instructions. This leads to more hospitalizations, increased healthcare expenses, and use of healthcare resources. Low health literacy is especially significant in rural populations, where there are additional barriers to healthcare such as geography, distance, weather, inadequate financial resources and lower socioeconomic status, and lack of primary care and specialty providers. Furthermore, providers often do not consider patients’ preferred learning styles, which may be significant for those who have difficulty understanding instructions. Patient …

Kisspeptins: Airway Remodeling In Asthma, Niyati Borkar

Pharmacy

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder that affects people of all ages. Sex and gender disparity in asthma is recognized and suggests a modulatory role for sex steroids, particularly estrogen. However, there is a dichotomous role of estrogen in airway remodeling, making it unclear whether sex hormones are protective or detrimental in asthma and suggesting a need to explore mechanisms upstream or independent of estrogen. Kisspeptins (Kp) are a novel peptide existing upstream of sex steroids and function as a crucial regulator of puberty. Kp via KISS1R are further implicated in the sex steroid biogenesis via action on the gonadotrophins. …

Apelin-Apj Signaling In Hypertensive Coronary Arteries, Santo Kalathingal Anto

Pharmacy

Apelin is an endogenous ligand for APJ receptors, which are highly expressed throughout the cardiovascular system, including coronary arteries. Apelin causes endothelium‐derived nitric oxide (NO) –dependent relaxation of coronary arteries under physiological conditions, but little is known about regulation of coronary vasomotor tone by apelin under pathological conditions. This research addresses the critical gap in understanding of the apelin signaling in coronary circulation under normal and pathological conditions. Evidence from this study suggests that apelin could not provide beneficial vasodilatory effects in hypertensive coronary arteries. Moreover, apelin impairs endothelium-dependent relaxations to vasodilator, acetylcholine. Impaired apelin-APJ signaling in hypertensive coronary arteries …

Spending All Your Money On Me: Influencer Marketing’S Impact On Engagement, Rebecca A. Vanmeter, Michael C. Peasley, Parker J. Woodroof

AMTP Proceedings 2022

Influencer marketing has been around for a few years and is rapidly approaching a $15 billion industry by 2022. In its nascency, the research is limited which investigates factors that substantiate the growth and popularity of advertising tools. In this study, we propose and explicate how two different types of influencers, namely mega- and macro-influencers, impact their audience's engagement with sponsored posts. Utilizing secondary data from more than 650 Instagram posts, our results suggest mega-influencers are able to mitigate the negative effect of utilizing various post attributes, including meta-tags and product prominence.

Rainbow-Washing Away Customers: Does The Consumer’S Perception Of Rainbow-Washing Affect Purchasing Behavior?, Ashley N. Johns, Sindy Chapa, Nakima Brooks, Holly Coleman, Maya Dubois

AMTP Proceedings 2022

In this study, researchers will test to see the effects rainbow-washing has on consumers’ intent to purchase. Rainbow-washing is a new marketing technique in which companies implement different initiatives to appeal to the LGBTQ+ community while not genuinely investing in the community itself. To test if rainbow-washing is correlated to a consumer’s desire to purchase, a survey was distributed using nonprobability sampling to 38 participants. Of the sample, less than half identified as members of the target community (LGBTQ+). As a result, it was concluded there is no significance between consumer attitudes towards rainbow-washing and their intention to purchase. However, …

Love At First Touch: How Swiping Vs. Typing Changes Online Dating Decision-Making, Farhana Nusrat, Yaniu Huang, Cait Lamberton

AMTP Proceedings 2022

Online dating is one of the fastest-growing industries in the United States. Due to its increasing popularity, various dimensions of online dating have been studied in recent years. However, no research has explored how the type of digital platforms used impacts online dating. In this research, we investigate how the use of different platforms (computers vs. smartphones) can influence customers’ decision-making process in the context of online dating. Through multiple studies, we demonstrate that while using their computers (vs. smartphones) to evaluate dating profiles, customers will prioritize the inner attributes of the person (e.g., personality and compatibility). Moreover, the effect …

Facilitating The Choice Of College Major Using The Consumer Decision Process, Content Marketing, And Social Media, Julie M. Pharr

AMTP Proceedings 2022

This paper demonstrates how digital content and patterns of online engagement may be used at every stage of the consumer decision process to influence and inform the choice of college major. Implications and recommendations for college and departmental websites concerning how they can best assist prospective students in choosing a college major are highlighted throughout the paper. With its focus on process, this paper concretely shows how colleges and their academic departments can effectively leverage digital marketing and the consumer decision process to facilitate the college major choice process.

Building A Personal Brand Using Impression Management In Social Networks, Carlos Valdez, Jorge Villegas

AMTP Proceedings 2022

As digital social networks become an integral part of career placement, advancement, and professional networks, young professionals are required to find ways to compete for the attention of potential and current employers. One of the theories that have been used across diverse areas from marketing scholars (Zamudio et al., 2013, Close et al., 2011; Noble et al., 2010) to fashion models (Parmentier et al., 2013) to understand self-promotion for professionals is personal branding. Recent articles like Swaminathan et al. (2020) have expressed the need to understand better how consumers are branding themselves in the hyperconnected world and what psychological consequences …

Exploring The Effects Of Linguistic Elements Of Social Media Corporate Apologies On Consumer Responses, Laurel Johnston

AMTP Proceedings 2022

In the current landscape of social media, consumers bring product and service failure complaints directly to brands daily. Whether such complaints are routine or hold potential for great consequence, social media’s viral nature means any brand-to-consumer interaction could become a public crisis if handled incorrectly. Corporate apologies are an effective strategy to mitigate negative audience sentiment and reduce online interactions that damage brand reputation. This study will manipulate previously identified but largely untested linguistic components of corporate apologies on Twitter, including personal greetings and closures and directives, to test their effects on consumers’ perceived apology sincerity, forgiveness, purchase intentions, and …

Impact Of Model Gender On The Effectiveness Of Advertisements Targeted At Older Viewers: An Analysis In The Context Of Ageing, Corinne Chevalier, Gaelle M. Moal

AMTP Proceedings 2022

Advertising efficiency relies partly on the viewer’s identification to the model used in the ad and model gender facilitates the identification process. Relying on gerotranscendance theory (Tornstam, 2009), we assume that gender identification is not as important to seniors as it used to be when they were younger and that the gender of the model will have no effect on variables of the persuasion process. The results of a survey on 512 seniors aged 60 to 85 reveals that the model’s gender has little impact on the perception of ads by senior viewers. However, matching product gender and model gender …

Saving Face: Comparing The Effects Of Endorsement Marketing Strategies On Millennial Americans, Alessandra Noli, Sindy Chapa, Daniela Castillo, Tim O'Hara, Anna Dean, Tyler Trobert

AMTP Proceedings 2022

The rapid boom of social media in the 21^st century has positioned it as a key instrument in the realm of marketing. Social media has also given rise to a new kind of endorser: the influencer. The present study tested the effects of expert influencers vs traditional celebrities on brand attitude and purchase intentions of makeup products, within a cohort of millennials. Results showed respondents tended to favor the expert influencer in terms of perceived expertise, brand attitude and purchase intention. This has important implications for marketers when it comes to deciding upon an endorser for their brand, with …

Developing Marketing Capabilities To Mitigate Perceived Cybersecurity Risk In Healthcare Organizations, Manisha Mathur

AMTP Proceedings 2022

The effective delivery of health care relies on sharing electronic health records across multiple providers in the healthcare system. On the other hand, cybersecurity efforts mostly rely on centralizing sensitive and valuable data and securing devices, networks, and electronic systems. Hence, cybersecurity in healthcare is complicated due to the contradictory characteristics of healthcare delivery and cybersecurity. The firms’ unsuccessful attempts to prevent massive data breaches in the recent past have heightened cybersecurity risk perceptions of customers and cybersecurity-related marketing challenges and opportunities. Therefore, it is critical for marketers to step up and devise strategies and tactics to avert the negative …

Destruction And Reconstruction Of Corporate Reputation In The International Business Network Context, Nikolina Koporcic, Maria Ivanova-Gongne, Jan-Åke Törnroos, Olga Dziubaniuk

AMTP Proceedings 2022

The purpose of this study is to illustrate how a firm’s corporate reputation can be destroyed by the actions of business partners and other network actors, and what the company can do to reconstruct its reputation. The study case exemplifies the importance of reputation and close interactions with foreign business partners in developing countries. Secondary data of a Nordic-based MNC, Stora Enso, is collected, interpreted, and analyzed. We observed issues surrounding the reputation change of the MNC, while focusing on the actions of their business partners. The paper provides empirical insights into the process of reputation destruction and …