Digital Commons Network^™

Fast Encirclement Of An Exceptional Point For Highly Efficient And Compact Chiral Mode Converters, Xiaoqian Shu, Aodong Li, Guangwei Hu, Jian Wang, Andrea Alù, Lin Chen

Advanced Science Research Center

Exceptional points (EPs) are degeneracies at which two or more eigenvalues and eigenstates of a physical system coalesce. Dynamically encircling EPs by varying the parameters of a non- Hermitian system enables chiral mode switching, that is, the final state of the system upon a closed loop in parameter space depends on the encircling handedness. In conventional schemes, the parametric evolution during the encircling process has to be sufficiently slow to ensure adiabaticity. Here, we show that fast parametric evolution along the parameter space boundary of the system Hamiltonian can relax this constraint. The proposed scheme enables highly efficient transmission and …

Stability Bounds On Superluminal Propagation In Active Structures, Robert Duggan, Hady Moussa, Younes Ra'di, Dimitrios L. Sounas, Andrea Alù

Advanced Science Research Center

Active materials have been explored in recent years to demonstrate superluminal group velocities over relatively broad bandwidths, implying a potential path towards bold claims such as information transport beyond the speed of light, as well as antennas and metamaterial cloaks operating over very broad bandwidths. However, causality requires that no portion of an impinging pulse can pass its precursor, implying a fundamental trade-off between bandwidth, velocity and propagation distance. Here, we clarify the general nature of superluminal propagation in active structures and derive a bound on these quantities fundamentally rooted into stability considerations. By applying filter theory, we show that …

Radio-Transparent Dipole Antenna Based On A Metasurface Cloak, Jason Soric, Younes Ra'di, Diego Farfan, Andrea Alù

Advanced Science Research Center

Antenna technology is at the basis of ubiquitous wireless communication systems and sensors. Radiation is typically sustained by conduction currents flowing around resonant metallic objects that are optimized to enhance efficiency and bandwidth. However, resonant conductors are prone to large scattering of impinging waves, leading to challenges in crowded antenna environments due to blockage and distortion. Metasurface cloaks have been explored in the quest of addressing this challenge by reducing antenna scattering. However, metasurface-based designs have so far shown limited performance in terms of bandwidth, footprint and overall scattering reduction. Here we introduce a different route towards radiotransparent antennas, in …

What Is Green Infrastructure? A Study Of Definitions In Us City Planning, Zbigniew J. Grabowski, Timon Mcphearson, A Marissa Matsler, Peter M. Groffman, Steward Ta Pickett

Advanced Science Research Center

In response to interdependent challenges, city planners are increasingly adopting “green infrastructure” (GI). Reviewing 122 plans from 20 US cities, we identify what types of city plans address and define GI, including the concepts associated with GI, as well as the types, functions, and benefits of GI. The most common plans that feature GI, some of which focus exclusively on GI, comply with US Clean Water Act regulations for stormwater and sewer systems. Municipalities also address GI through diverse planning processes, including the creation of comprehensive citywide plans. Many of these plans (~40%) do not explicitly define GI. When they …

Assembly Mechanism Of Early Hsp90-Cdc37-Kinase Complexes, Dimitra Keramisanou, M.V. Vasantha Kumar, Nicole Boose, Rinat R. Abzalimov, Ioannis Gelis

Advanced Science Research Center

Molecular chaperones have an essential role for the maintenance of a balanced protein homeostasis. Here, we investigate how protein kinases are recruited and loaded to the Hsp90-Cdc37 complex, the first step during Hsp90-mediated chaperoning that leads to enhanced client kinase stability and activation. We show that conformational dynamics of all partners is a critical feature of the underlying loading mechanism. The kinome co-chaperone Cdc37 exists primarily in a dynamic extended conformation but samples a low-populated, well-defined compact structure. Exchange between these two states is maintained in an assembled Hsp90-Cdc37 complex and is necessary for substrate loading. Breathing motions at the …

Characterization Of Site-Specific Vegetation Activity In Alaskan Wet And Dry Tundra As Related To Climate And Soil State, Michael Gregory Brown, Kyle C. Mcdonald, Reiner Zimmermann, Nicholas Steiner, Stephanie Devries, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez

Advanced Science Research Center

We present discrete (2-h resolution) multi-year (2008–2017) in situ measurements of seasonal vegetation growth and soil biophysical properties from two sites on Alaska's North Slope, USA, representing dry and wet sedge tundra. We examine measurements of vertical active soil layer temperature and soil moisture profiles (freeze/thaw status), woody shrub vegetation physiological activity, and meteorological site data to assess interrelationships within (and between) these two study sites. Vegetation phenophases (cold de-hardening start, physiological function start, stem growth start, stem growth end, physiological function end, cold hardening completion) were found to have greater interannual day of year (DOY) occurrence variability at the …

Moiré-Driven Topological Transitions And Extremeanisotropy In Elastic Metasurfaces, Simon Yves, Matheus Inguaggiato Nora Nora Rosa, Mohit Gupta, Massimo Ruzzene, Andrea Alù

Advanced Science Research Center

The twist angle between a pair of stacked 2D materials has been recently shown to control remarkable phenomena, including the emergence of flat-band superconductivity in twisted graphene bilayers, of higher-order topological phases in twisted moiré superlattices, and of topological polaritons in twisted hyperbolic metasurfaces. These discoveries, at the foundations of the emergent field of twistronics, have so far been mostly limited to explorations in atomically thin condensed matter and photonic systems, with limitations on the degree of control over geometry and twist angle, and inherent challenges in the fabrication of carefully engineered stacked multilayers. Here, this work extends twistronics to …

Photonics Of Time-Varying Media, Emanuele Galiffi, Romain Tirole, Shixiong Yin, Huanan Li, Stefano Vezzoli, Paloma A. Huidobro, Mário G. Silveirinha, Riccardo Sapienza, Andrea Alù, J. B. Pendry

Advanced Science Research Center

Time-varying media have recently emerged as a new paradigm for wave manipulation, due to the synergy between the discovery of highly nonlinear materials, such as epsilon-near-zero materials, and the quest for wave applications, such as magnet-free nonreciprocity, multimode light shaping, and ultrafast switching. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the recent progress achieved with photonic metamaterials whose properties stem from their modulation in time. We review the basic concepts underpinning temporal switching and its relation with spatial scattering and deploy the resulting insight to review photonic time-crystals and their emergent research avenues, such as topological and non-Hermitian …

An Archimedes' Screw For Light, Emanuele Galiffi, Paloma A. Huidobro, J. B. Pendry

Advanced Science Research Center

An Archimedes’ Screw captures water, feeding energy into it by lifting it to a higher level. We introduce the first instance of an optical Archimedes’ Screw, and demonstrate how this system is capable of capturing light, dragging it and amplifying it. We unveil new exact analytic solutions to Maxwell’s Equations for a wide family of chiral space-time media, and show their potential to achieve chirally selective amplification within widely tunable parity-time-broken phases. Our work, which may be readily implemented via pump-probe experiments with circularly polarized beams, opens a new direction in the physics of time-varying media by merging the rising …

Adapting A Narrative Curriculum To A Remote Format In The Context Of Socially Distanced Middle School Education Resulting From Covid-19, Jeremiah Piña, Rebecca Mazur, Glenn Ellis, Al Rudnitsky, Beth Mcginnis-Cavanaugh, Sonia Ellis, Isabel Huff, Crystal M. Ford

Engineering: Faculty Publications

This paper describes the development of two versions of an NGSS-aligned principles of engineering design unit for use in middle schools. By employing a narrative framework that can help students to connect more deeply with the human contexts and consequences of the engineering design process, our goal was to enhance students’ cognitive and emotional engagement in the learning of engineering design concepts. We first detail the design of an initial version of the unit, titled The Survivorama, which used narrative to enrich a primarily traditional, in-person teaching approach. We then describe the adapted version of the unit, titled the Molasses …

Simple Control For Complex Pandemics, Sarah C. Fay, Dalton J. Jones, Munther A. Dahleh, A.E. Hosoi

Engineering: Faculty Publications

he COVID-19 pandemic began over two years ago, yet schools, businesses, and other organiza- tions are still struggling to keep the risk of disease outbreak low while returning to (near) normal functionality. Observations from these past years suggest that this goal can be achieved through the right balance of mitigation strategies, which may include some combination of mask use, vac- cinations, viral testing, and contact tracing. The choice of mitigation measures will be uniquely based on the needs and available resources of each organization. This article presents practical guidance for creating these policies based on an analytical model of disease …

Stem For Success Inaugural Annual Report, James Lipuma, Bruce G. Bukiet, Cristo Leon

STEM for Success Resources

Report on the work done in 2022 by STEM for Success

Short-Distance Structure Of Unpolarized Gluon Pseudodistributions, Ian Balitsky, Wayne Morris, Anatoly Radyushkin

Physics Faculty Publications

We present the results that form the basis for calculations of the unpolarized gluon parton distributions (PDFs) using the pseudo-PDF approach. We give the results for the most complicated box diagram both for gluon bilocal operators with arbitrary indices and for combinations of indices corresponding to three matrix elements that are most convenient to extract the twist-2 invariant amplitude. We also present detailed results for the gluon-quark transition diagram. The additional results for the box diagram and the gluon-quark contribution may be used for extractions of the gluon PDF from different matrix elements, with a possible cross-check of the results …

Neutrino Energy Reconstruction From Semi-Inclusive Samples, R. González-Jiménez, M. B. Barbaro, J. A. Caballero, T. W. Donnelly, N. Jachowicz, G.D. Megias, K. Niewczas, A. Nikolakopoulos, J.W. Van Orden, J. M. Udías

Physics Faculty Publications

We study neutrino-nucleus charged-current reactions on finite nuclei for the situation in which an outgoing muon and a proton are detected in coincidence; i.e., we focus on semi-inclusive cross sections. We limit our attention to one-body current interactions (quasielastic scattering) and assess the impact of different nuclear effects in the determination of the neutrino energy. We identify the regions in phase space where the neutrino energy can be reconstructed relatively well and study whether the cross section in those regions is significant. Our results indicate that it is possible to filter more than 50% of all events according to the …

Search For Photoproduction Of Axionlike Particles At Gluex, Shankar Adhikari, C.S. Akondi, M. Albrecht, Moskov Amaryan, Tyler P. Viducic, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhao, J. Zhou, The Gluex Collaboration, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

We present a search for axionlike particles, a, produced in photon-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of approximately 4 GeV, focusing on the scenario where the a-gluon coupling is dominant. The search uses a → γγ and a → π⁺π⁻π⁰ decays, and a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 168  pb⁻¹ collected with the GlueX detector. The search for a → γγ decays is performed in the mass range of 180 < m_a <480  MeV, while the search for a → π⁺π⁻π⁰ decays explores the 600 < m_{a …}

Study Of The Λ/Σ⁰ Electroproduction In The Low-Q² Region At Jlab, K. Okuyama, K. Itabashi, S. Nagao, S. N. Nakamura, K. N. Suzuki, T. Gogami, B. Pandey, L. Tang, D. Abrams, T. Akiyama, D. Androic, K. Aniol, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, J. Bane, S. Barcus, J. Barrow, V. Bellini, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, D. Biswas, A. Camsonne, J. Castellanos, J.- P. Chen, J. Chen, S. Covrig, D. Chrisman, R. Cruz-Torres, R. Das, E. Fuchey, K. Gnanvo, F. Garibaldi, T. Gautam, J. Gomez, P. Gueye, T. J. Hague, O. Hansen, W. Henry, Florian Hauenstein, D. W. Higinbotham, Charles E. Hyde, M. Kaneta, C. Keppel, T. Kutz, N. Lashley-Colthirst, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Mammei, P. Markowitz, R. E. Mcclellan, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, A. Moyer, D. Nguyen, M. Nycz, V. Owen, C. Palatchi, S. Park, T. Petkovic, S. Premathilake, P. E. Reimer, J. Reinhold, S. Riordan, V. Rodriguez, C. Samanta, S. N. Santiesteban, B. Sawatzky, S. Širca, K. Slifer, T. Su, Y. Tian, Y. Toyama, K. Uehara, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Votaw, J. Williamson, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. A. Wood, B. Yale, Z. Ye, J. Zhang, X. Zheng

Physics Faculty Publications

We performed an experiment using tritium and hydrogen cryogenic gas targets at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) in 2018 (E12-17-003)[1, 2]. In this article, we discuss the Λ/Σ⁰ hyperon electroproduction from hydrogen target. Elementary Λ/Σ⁰ hyperon production processes are important not only for an absolute mass scale calibration in our experiment, but also for the study of the electroproduction mechanisms themselves. In this article, we reported the results of the differential cross section for the p(e, e’K⁺)Λ/Σ⁰ reaction at Q² ∼ 0.5 (GeV/c)².

Lower Temperature Annealing Of Vapor Diffused Nb3Sn For Accelerator Cavities, Jayendrika K. Tiskumara, Jean R. Delayen, G. V. Eremeev, U. Pudasaini

Physics Faculty Publications

Nb₃Sn is a next-generation superconducting material for the accelerator cavities with higher critical temperature and superheating field, both twice compared to Nb. It promises superior performance and higher operating temperature than Nb, resulting in significant cost reduction. So far, the Sn vapor diffusion method is the most preferred and successful technique to coat niobium cavities with Nb₃Sn. Although several post-coating techniques (chemical, electrochemical, mechanical) have been explored to improve the surface quality of the coated surface, an effective process has yet to be found. Since there are only a few studies on the post-coating heat treatment …

2022 Viewbook, Office Of Admissions

Viewbook

IMSA fosters the discoverers. The thinkers. The problem-solvers of the future who can change the world. Our mission is to ignite and nurture creative, ethical, scientific minds that advance the human condition. We are a diverse community that promotes curiosity and exploration. We’re about more than great college prospects and great jobs, we’re about making our families proud. We’re about a better world for everyone through immersive learning experiences.

Adapting Systems Of Support To Meet The Behavioral, Sel, And Mental Health Needs Of Students, Eleajah Mcelroy, Kainita Taylor, Toniece Walker

Southeast Conference on School Climate

We highlight resources to support educators & students during the pandemic & discuss how to adapt behavior support systems to meet the needs of students. We will address the critical components of leading and interconnected systems framework (leadership, family and community engagement, resources at each tier, data-based problem solving, data evaluation, building capacity for implementation). Presenters will share reflection questions (vision, need, barriers, solutions) and examples of these critical components to support implementation (PBIS framework, acknowledging staff and students, interventions, climate specialists , behavior interventionists, mental health clinicians, mental health school counselors, family education webinar series, MOU community providers, SEL …

Restorative Practices: A Continuum Of Supports, Eleajah Mcelroy, Kainita Taylor, Cassandra Crawford

Southeast Conference on School Climate

We will showcase resources to support educators in implementing restorative practices. We will examine the core features of restorative practices (the social discipline window, affective statement, affective questions, circles, impromptu conversations, and conferences). Participants will have the opportunity to experience a restorative circle. The facilitators will provide free resources and strategies to participants to begin using affective statements and questions and incorporate circles. Facilitators will share best practices from their district and show the improvements in discipline outcome data. Participants will also have the opportunity to see how restorative practices align with other initiatives already in place and can be …

Appliancenet: A Neural Network Based Framework To Recognize Daily Life Activities And Behavior In Smart Home Using Smart Plugs, Muhammad Fahim, S. M.Ahsan Kazmi, Asad Masood Khattak

All Works

A smart plug can transform the typical electrical appliance into a smart multi-functional device, which can communicate over the Internet. It has the ability to report the energy consumption pattern of the attached appliance which offer the further analysis. Inside the home, smart plugs can be utilized to recognize daily life activities and behavior. These are the key elements to provide human-centered applications including healthcare services, power consumption footprints, and household appliance identification. In this research, we propose a novel framework ApplianceNet that is based on energy consumption patterns of home appliances attached to smart plugs. Our framework can process …

Mean Lifetime Survival Estimates Following Solid Organ Transplantation In The Us And Uk, Christopher N Graham, Crystal Watson, Arie Barlev, Matt Stevenson, Vikas R Dharnidharka

Open Access Publications

AIMS: Accurately estimating mean survival after solid organ transplant (SOT) is crucial for efficient healthcare resource allocation decisions. However, registry-based post-transplant recipient survival estimates vary greatly and are incomplete. Often, the methods used in lifetime survival extrapolation may not fit complex transplant data and therefore alternative methods are required. We aimed to explore the flexible cubic spline methodology as a meaningful alternative for estimating lifetime survival following SOT.

METHODS: Survival analyses were conducted in kidney, liver, heart, and lung transplant recipients. Mean survival was estimated using flexible cubic splines on the hazard scale fitted with three knots, based on where …

What Clonal Hematopoiesis Can Teach Us About Mds, Irenaeus C C Chan, Brian J Wiley, Kelly L Bolton

Open Access Publications

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), defined as the clonal expansion of mutated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), is a common aging process. CH is a risk factor for the development of hematologic malignancies, most commonly myeloid neoplasms (MNs) including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Recent work has elucidated how the development and cellular fitness of CH is shaped by aging, environmental exposures, and the germline (inherited) genetic background of an individual. This in turn has provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis of MNs including MDS. Here, in this review, we discuss the genetic origins of …

Finding Combinations Of Objects Within Categories Using Edges Software, Erin M. Thorpe, Ehab Rizek, Yan Xu

Chemistry Software

Edges Software can be used to find the combinations of any objects within different categories. A combination is an arrangement of objects where order does not matter. The original intent of this software was to provide the combinations of proteins within different pathways to aid in building a protein-(target)-protein network where protein nodes are connected to each other through their common pathway edges. This software can analyze tens of thousands of rows of excel data in just a few minutes and provide an excel output that contains all the combinations of objects within the different categories. This output can then …

Crmm 4920: Information Design (Syllabus), Ashley Perks

Journalism and Strategic Media Syllabi Archive

Course Description: Visual presentation of quantitative and spatial information. Examines the planning, design, and preparation of statistical graphs, charts, timelines, diagrams, and maps.

Tennessee's Economy 2020-2021 Reference Guide, Tennessee. Department Of Labor & Workforce Development.

Tennessee's Economy

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Teacher Preparation For Classroom Diversity, Aubrey M. Madler, Sarah K. Anderson, Steven D. Lemire, Kayla Smith

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Preparing P-12 educators to effectively teach and support diverse learners is increasingly critical. Cultural competence training and experiences in teaching diverse learners are essential components of teacher preparation, yet often new educators report feeling under prepared, and the characteristics of today’s P-12 students continues to vary greatly compared to teacher demographics. This secondary data analysis explored new teachers' perceptions regarding their preparation for teaching diverse learners. The dataset was derived from survey responses from teacher program graduates, those same graduates after one year of teaching, and their supervisors who responded to standards- based, four-point Likert surveys. Descriptive and inferential statistics …

A Comparison Of Paper-Based And Computer-Based Formats For Assessing Student Achievement, Meghan B. Scrimgeour, Haigen H. Huang

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Given the growing trend toward using technology to assess student learning, this investigation examined test mode comparability of student achievement scores obtained from paper-pencil and computerized assessments of statewide End-of-Course and End- of-Grade examinations in the subject areas of high school biology and eighth-grade English Language Arts and math. Propensity score matching was used to generate comparable groups of students who were assessed using paper-pencil or computer-based formats. T-tests and generalized linear models were further used to examine test mode effect. Analyses revealed a small test mode effect for all three subjects such that students using the paper-based format achieved …

Achievement Goal Orientation As A Predictor Of High-Impact Practice Participation For Postsecondary Students, Angie L. Miller

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Achievement goal orientation has been studied within education for decades, and previous research has linked the construct to student achievement and engagement. This study uses the 2x2 achievement goal orientation as a framework for exploring high-impact practice (HIP) participation for approximately 8,000 college students across 15 different institutions participating in the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE). Through a series of binary logistic regression analyses, results suggest students who employ a mastery-approach orientation are more likely to partake in a variety of beneficial HIPs, such as learning communities, research with faculty, service learning, study abroad, culminating experience, and formal leadership …

Literacy Experts As Classroom Teachers, Theresa Boehm Boehm Marsicek

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Teacher expertise can influence student experiences and achievement. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences, practices, and beliefs of early elementary classroom teachers who have supplementary literacy certification in order to determine their shared characteristics and changes to their practice after earning the literacy license. Characteristics of high quality literacy teachers have been identified in previous research, however a review of the current literature revealed a lack of information regarding classroom teachers with additional literacy certification. Understanding how they utilize this expertise could have implications for educational policy. Data was collected for this phenomenological study through semi-structured …