Digital Commons Network^™

Students Writing Restorative Justice, Rebekah Rentzel

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The need for systemic change has never been stronger. Schools are at a breaking point. In the wake of the uncertainties of COVID and the injustice seen in the racial uprisings after the police murder of George Floyd of 2020, students are dealing with trauma that needs to be addressed in schools. The practices of restorative justice, when applied with a cultural shift within the schools, are powerful ways to support students in their healing (Morgan, 2021). Studies find that when students are at the center of creating a restorative system, it is more effective because it directly reflects the …

Best Practices Using Pair Work For English Language Learners, Olivia Meyer

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project examined English Language (EL) learners and pair work in order to improve English skills and proficiency, answering the question: What are the best ways to use pair work to assist EL students in making English proficiency gains? There are many sources that show that collaboration and in particular, pair collaboration, supports language learning for all ages. One reason for this may be because language learning is most successful when there is plenty of feedback and interaction, creating plenty of opportunities to practice language skills. The project led to creation of a professional development course for educators that teaches …

Applying Multiple Intelligences Theory In Esl/Efl Classrooms, Shirin Soltani

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The purpose of this project was to create a unit on activities that were inspired by multiple intelligences theory to help English Learners (ELs) develop their language proficiency. The questions explored in this capstone project were: How can language learners develop their multiple intelligences to become proficient language learners through classroom activities? What are ways to create a curriculum that includes both the traditional foundations of language teaching and multiple intelligences theory? I learned English as a foreign language through rote learning. During my teaching experience, I realized that not all ELs learn English the same way and they have …

English Language Learners: Closing The Achievement Gap, Silyvanus Juma

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research is to investigate the best practices and effective teaching strategies that teachers and other educators can use with English Language Learners (ELLs) to close the achievement gap. The research intends to illustrate that English language proficiency requirements should not in any way be a barrier to the academic performance and achievement of English Language Learners. ELLs are continuously lagging behind their native English speaking peers academically. Various reports indicate that ELLs continue to under-perform in state tests, course grades, and college placements tests. They face numerous challenges including lack of interaction with native speakers of …

Subverting The Academic Language Hegemony: Implementing Language Architecture And Similar Pedagogies, Viviana Chavez Garcia

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The field of English language teaching is continually evolving in order for teachers to best serve the students. The field’s connected history with colonization and racism must be acknowledged in order to confront the reasons why academic English is valued higher than all other forms of English and other languages. Under the current framework, teachers are asking multilingual students to change their language in order to reverse their own oppression. According to language architecture, the languages that students bring to class are already sufficiently cognitively sophisticated to achieve content standards and participate in academic activities. This is where the foundation …

Increasing Student Engagement Of English Learners In Synchronous Online Settings, Pachia Vang

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Increasing engagement has been an essential focal point in second language acquisition for English learners (ELs). However, further research is needed to comprehend precisely how to increase engagement of ELs during live video conferences, also known as synchronous online learning. This is especially prevalent after COVID-19 created a shift in learning, where K-12 teachers were forced to adjust their instruction to benefit from an online platform. Teachers and students had to use technology as a means of teaching and learning without proper planning for teaching online. The limited knowledge of how to instruct and engage English learners online during my …

“Use Your Teacher Voice”: How A Podcast Could Support Esol Teachers’ Voices In Advocacy, Veronica Green

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

It is clear from the current research that there is a lack of training at all levels for teachers that are advocating for ELLs and themselves. With the changing roles and needs of ESOL teachers working with marginalized EL communities, the push for co-teaching, and the emphasis on more collaboration, this project sets out to create a podcast in order to support listener learners in finding and amplifying their voices in advocacy. With a conceptual theoretical base, Bakhtinian Dialogisim, in conjunction with the chosen Chat Show genre in podcasting, these dialogues are ripe for participants to share their stories and …

Afro-Diasporic Literatures Of The United States And Brazil: Imaginaries, Counter-Narratives, And Black Feminism In The Americas, David E. S. Beek

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores contemporary Afro-diasporic literatures by black cultural producers in the United States and Brazil that resist, subvert, and dismantle the persistent myth of Brazilian racial democracy. From the US, I investigate John Keene’s 2015 collection of stories and novellas Counternarratives, in addition to Gayl Jones’ 2021 novel Palmares. Conversely, from Brazil, I examine Conceição Evaristo’s 2003 novel Ponciá Vicêncio, as well as the black trans musician and slam poet Bixarte’s social media performance art. Although these Afro-diasporic literatures deconstruct the myth of racial democracy in Brazil, at the same time, each is entangled with what …

Methodological Mutability: Shifting Research In The Rhetoric Of Health And Medicine, John Schuler Benson Iii

Theses and Dissertations

The Rhetoric of Health and Medicine (RHM) is a growing body of scholarship that pulls from technical communication, rhetorical theory, and a number of other disciplines to inquire about the capacities of rhetoric at the intersection of medical practitioners and scholars, the medical humanities, and the publics they inform and treat. Among RHM scholars there is a consensus that the field’s methodological diversity is one of its greatest strengths; indeed, field leaders articulate one of RHM’s exigencies as “encouraging methodological collaboration and experimentation” (Melonçon and Scott, Methodologies 4). This dissertation takes up these calls with the introduction of shifting, a …

Measuring Orthographic Influences On Phonological Processing In Beginning Readers: An Eyetracking Study, Emily Grace Fisher

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose – Both orthographic and phonemic awareness are essential to reading. However, the role of orthographic knowledge in phonemic awareness has not been thoroughly investigated in beginning readers until recently. The purpose of this study was to examine if orthographic knowledge influenced phonological processing in beginning readers and to establish a proof of concept for the use of eyetracking measures to examine these skills in young children.

Method – 22 participants, aged 6-7 years, completed norm-referenced assessments of language and reading ability as well as experimental measures of orthographic and phonological awareness while their eye movements were monitored.

Results – …

Unintended Consequences Of The Electronic Health Record And Cognitive Load In Emergency Department Nurses, Carolyn S. Harmon

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The electronic health record (EHR) was rapidly implemented to improve patient safety. However, this rapid and widespread EHR implementation negatively connects to patient safety. Clinician cognitive overload is also thought to be negatively connected to patient safety, especially in the chaotic emergency department (ED) setting. Limited research has been conducted on unintended consequences of the EHR (UC-EHR) and cognitive load (CL) in ED nurses. Understanding the UC-EHR and CL in ED nurses facilitate informed interventions to improve nursing practice and patient safety.

Aims: Guided by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) 2.0 framework, the aims of this …

Using An Interactive Word Wall To Increase Spanish Language Acquisition For Urban Middle School Learners, Jordan Schuneman

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

My primary research question for my capstone project is: What are the ways in which interaction, collaboration, and dialogue impact students’ Spanish language acquisition? More specifically, my research and project aim to answer: How can an interactive word wall affect Spanish language acquisition in an urban classroom? I have created an interactive word wall curriculum. This was specifically designed to fit my context as a middle school Spanish teacher, grades 6-8. However, this interactive word wall curriculum can be utilized effectively in any content area. Through considering culturally and linguistically responsive teaching (Hollie, 2018) as well as how to best …

Creating An Elementary Reading Curriculum That Leads All Students To More Equitable Success, Ian Lyon

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Each year history repeats itself in the United States with high numbers of elementary students not being able to read proficiently, and an even higher number affecting BIPOC students. To address the opportunity gaps, teachers need an easy-to-follow road map of interventions led by the science of reading, culturally sustaining pedagogies, and student motivational strategies. This professional development capstone project will allow teachers to learn these three topics, one in each half day in the beginning of the school year. The first day will focus on the Science of Reading (SoR) with structured literacy influences from the Simple View of …

Supporting Multilingual Learners In The Content Classroom Through Culturally And Linguistically Responsive Teaching Practices, Karen Martinez Tinajero

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Culturally and linguistically responsive teaching practices have been demonstrated to yield positive learning outcomes for multilingual learners. The curriculum designed for this project focuses on making direct use of the culturally and linguistically responsive guidelines, frameworks, and strategies as proposed by Zaretta Hammond, Sharroky Hollie, Sydney Snyder, and Diane Staehr Fenner in a secondary level history classroom for the purpose of maximizing learning opportunities for multilingual learners. This project involved creating a dynamic curriculum complete with teacher considerations to transform content learning through cultural and linguistic responsiveness. The curriculum will primarily be used in secondary social studies classrooms for multilingual …

Studying The Self: Students Examining Culture And Identity For Improved Engagement And Achievement, Zara Pylvainen

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Research has demonstrated that incorporating culturally relevant and culturally sustaining pedagogy (CSP) into teaching can lead to greater academic success. The curriculum designed for this project focuses on using concepts of identity and culture as topics of study in a seventh-grade English language arts (ELA) class with the aim of improving student engagement and academic achievement. CSP argues that young people are in a fluid process of developing their identities, and our pedagogy should foster that development. CSP also maintains that classrooms need to provide space for communities of color to maintain, nurture, and sustain cultural practices. This curriculum design …

The Science Of Reading For English Learners, Allison Hanson

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

In recent years, a movement of researchers, educators, and parents promoting the science of reading has been reigniting the so-called “reading wars.” This movement has pointed out the ways in which typical balanced literacy practices do not reflect research on how students learn to read, especially in the acquisition of word recognition skills. However, the current debate is sometimes ignoring the unique needs of a rapidly growing segment of the U.S. student population: English Learners (ELs) and other multilingual students. This capstone project addresses the question: How does the science of reading inform reading instruction for ELs within a balanced …

How Affinity Groups Can Help With Bipoc Teacher Support, Retention, And Growth, Emily Dech

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Our classrooms have become increasingly diverse. Teachers of Color (TOC) make up about 20% of U.S. public school teachers while Students of Color represent about 52% of public school students. It becomes difficult to model affirmative acknowledgement of diversity in the classroom when most of the adults fit into the demographics of white, cisgender, middle class, and female. To help all students, but especially BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) students, we must first address the importance of Teachers of Color and the crucial need to support and retain them through having BIPOC affinity groups. This brings about the question: …

Developing An Outdoor Learning Area And Guidebook For The Elementary Grades, Jordyn Kern

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Research has shown that outdoor education has major benefits for school-age children (Yildirim & Akamca, 2017). These benefits include increased academic success, better social-emotional development, better physical development, and better mental and physical health (Suttie, 2018). The guidebook designed for this project focuses on how to increase those five things in children across the country. The goal of the guidebook is to increase outdoor education within classrooms throughout the United States and eventually, the world. The guidebook is geared towards elementary school teachers but can be adapted to fit any grade, time frame, and experience level of the teacher. The …

Cultivating Student Agency Through The Use Of Authentic Science Practices, John Haug

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This paper examines a needed shift in teaching secondary science students as more states and school districts adopt the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) for assessing student skills and knowledge. The eight practices identified by the NGSS offer an opportunity to incorporate authentic science instruction into the classroom. Research supports that students who gain confidence in authentic science practices have a broader and deeper understanding of the nature of science. Research also supports that students who improve authentic practices are more likely to trust scientific findings and be more apt to take action on social and environmental issues. This shift …

A High School Economics Course Curriculum That Effectively Integrates Language And Content Instruction For English Learners, Jennifer Weddell

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

While secondary English learners face barriers to learning across all content areas, social studies courses are especially linguistically complex, and have a high level of expected prior knowledge. In the author's experience as a high school EL teacher, economics is often a particularly challenging course for EL students. This prompted the research question: How can a high school economics curriculum be designed to help English learners gain a deep understanding of the course topics while improving their academic English proficiency? A review of the literature found that features of a sheltered instruction model will validate, engage, and benefit a diverse …

Helping High School English Learners Self-Regulate Their Writing Development Through Formative Assessments, Pamela Madsen

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

The goal of many educators is to prepare students for lifelong learning, yet something about the U.S. school system is having the opposite effect; while students begin their educational journey with curiosity and excitement, somewhere along the way, their thirst for knowledge is extinguished and replaced with the goal of just getting by. This is especially true for English learners who are often overwhelmed with the simultaneous learning of language and content and whose diverse backgrounds create diverse needs. Through exploring the theory of self-regulated learning, characteristics of effective formative assessment, and how best to meet the cultural and …

Employing Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices In English Language Arts Classrooms, Austin Niederkorn

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Culturally responsive teaching (CRT) is a well renowned approach to teaching that connects students’ cultures, languages, and personal experiences to the curriculum they learn in school. CRT helps students access higher level learning while also promoting increased student achievement, a positive classroom environment, meaningful teacher-student relationships, and impactful connections with communities and families. All teachers can benefit from using CRT in their classrooms, yet English Language Arts (ELA) teachers have unique opportunities to use students’ cultural and linguistic backgrounds to shape their reading and writing instruction. Despite being widely praised, culturally responsive teaching is not often the focus of professional …

Increasing Student Engagement In Kindergarten Read Alouds, Sydney Cassidy

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Research has shown that when students are given the opportunity to showcase their learnings in various settings, there will be a greater chance of student engagement and motivation when completing various classroom activities. The curriculum designed for this project uses Howard Gardner’s (2006) Theory of Multiple Intelligences and Thomas Armstrong’s (2009) work with integrating these intelligences into a classroom environment to target the various ways that students learn in the classroom that is best suited to the way their brain processes and applies information. The project involved creating a curriculum that was suitable for kindergarten students to engage in various …

How Music Can Be Integrated Into Life Science Teaching In A Way That Enhances Scientific And Musical Learning In Middle School, Erin Hustad

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Research has shown that students who learn interdisciplinary content lessons in school have a better understanding of the interconnectedness of the world they are entering. This paper, and the resultant project, focus on the interconnectedness of science and the arts, eventually ecology and music, in order to teach students both scientific and musical concepts. The project was created using backwards design, in order to ensure students have long term learning outcomes that center both science and music. Students first experience the scientific process and reflect on the similarities between scientific inquiry and artistic processes. Students then explore ecosystems and music …

How Canadian School Leaders Perceive Their Capacity To Foster Culturally Responsive School Practices To Influence Student Outcomes, Heather Saunders

All Theses And Dissertations

Despite numerous studies on race relations and racism in Canada, there is a relative paucity of research on school leaders’ perceptions of cultural responsiveness in the Canadian educational system. Racial diversity among students enrolled in Canadian schools has increased dramatically over the last few decades. The diversity gap between a racialized student population and White school leaders continues to widen, with more than 95% of Canadian school leaders being White (Turner, 2015). The primary objective of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore school leaders’ perceptions of how culturally responsive practices improve student outcomes. This study was guided by the …

Novice-Teacher Challenges In Materials Selection, Development, And Use, Jayakaran Mukundan

PASAA

This study investigated the factors that lead the Novice Teacher (NT) towards selection, development, and use of learningteaching materials for classroom use. The participant in this study was a teacher trainee who had completed four years of the teacher training program in the university. She was randomly selected. The researcher (supervisor, evaluator, and mentor) was a participant in this qualitative study. The study first aimed to evaluate NTʼs role as critical and creative needs analyst, materials developer, and monitor and assessor of student learning. Then the study went on to examine if criticality and creativity were evident in the decisions …

The Effects Of Online Corrective Feedback On University Studentsʼ Self-Regulation In Writing, Pajaree Nipaspong

PASAA

This study aimed to determine how teachers’ online written corrective feedback (WCF) affected university students’ selfregulation in writing and how the effects differed among students of different English proficiency levels. The participants were 27 second-year university students enrolled in a required online writing course. Throughout the 16-week course, the students received online WCF on their writing through Google Docs. Results from pre- and post-questionnaires and interviews revealed the positive effects of teachers’ online WCF on students’ self-regulation in writing, especially those with mid- and low-proficiencies. Results from this study provided an indication of the effectiveness of online WCF in developing …

Is Filipino Esl Academic Writing Becoming More Informal?, Abdul Wahid I. Tocalo, Shainah P. Racman, Kyla Nicole Alibai G. Guiamelon, Bainarin M. Mama

PASAA

The observation of informalities in academic writing has become tremendous in recent years, as revealed by a plethora of cross-cultural and diachronic studies. Different users of English have already been explored; however, none has centered on the case of English as a Second Language (henceforth ESL) writers, such as Filipino academic writing scholars, in terms of delineating informalities in their academic writing discourse over time. For this reason, this quantitative study aimed to diachronically analyze informality features in academic writing of Filipino ESL researchers in the applied linguistics field. Using the framework of Hyland and Jiang (2017), a significant association …

Narrow Listening As A Method To Improve Efl Learnersʼ Listening Comprehension, Ngọc Yếna Thị Trần, Rob Waring

PASAA

The practice of narrow listening was introduced almost 30 years ago (Krashen, 1996), but has not received enough attention from English language teachers and researchers. Past research has placed a focus on the combination of this method and narrow reading, or the use of this method in teaching languages other than English. This study explored narrow listening as an independent method to improve EFL learners’ listening comprehension. The 38 participants in this study were intermediate EFL adult learners following a general English course. During the experiment, the treatment group were provided with narrow listening materials, while the control group were …

Reading Portfolio And Video-Mediated Reflection Tasks: University Studentsʼ Engagement In Dialogic Reading, Reni Kusumaningputri

PASAA

This article reports on a single case study investigating the adoption of reading portfolio and video-mediated reflection tasks so as to promote Indonesian university studentsʼ engagement in dialogic reading. Nested in a classroom ethnography design, data were collected through multiple interviews, teaching journals, and studentsʼ Facebook-mediated interaction records. Drawing on thematic and discursive analysis, the findings showed that the reading portfolio and video-assisted reflection tasks encouraged the students to invest their time and energy into and engage in dialogic reading where collective meaning making practices took place. As the students were engaged in the reading portfolio and video-assisted reflection tasks, …