Digital Commons Network^™

Introduction Of Plasmid Dna Into Sneathia Vaginalis; The First Step To Genetic Manipulation, Rea Mansukhani, Cathyrn O'Brien, Zion Mccoy, Kimberly K. Jefferson

UROP Posters

Many bacterial pathogens are capable of secreting one or more toxins, all of which can be categorized based on their function, target, or mechanism of action. Pore-forming toxins, for instance, are characterized based on their ability to perforate the host membrane. This may result in the delivery of bacterial substances into the host cell, release of compounds from the host cell, and/or death of the host cell. Research from our lab has demonstrated that Sneathia vaginalis, a gram-negative anaerobic bacterial species that is associated with bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth, produces a pore-forming toxin referred to as cytopathogenic toxin …

Exploring How Online Responses Change In Response To Debunking Messages About Covid-19 On Whatsapp, Xingyu Ken Chen, Jin-Cheon Na, Luke Kien-Weng Tan, Mark Chong, Murphy Choy

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a concurrent outbreak of false information online. Debunking false information about a health crisis is critical as misinformation can trigger protests or panic, which necessitates a better understanding of it. This exploratory study examined the effects of debunking messages on a COVID-19-related public chat on WhatsApp in Singapore. Design/methodology/approach: To understand the effects of debunking messages about COVID-19 on WhatsApp conversations, the following was studied. The relationship between source credibility (i.e. characteristics of a communicator that affect the receiver's acceptance of the message) of different debunking message types and their effects on the length …

Can We Bridge The Gap? Mathematics And The Life Sciences: Part 2–Discrete Models, Statistics, Co-Curricular Opportunities, Raina Robeva, Timothy D. Comar, Carrie Diaz Eaton

All Faculty Scholarship

This editorial serves as an introduction to Part 2 of the Special Issue Mathematics and the Life Sciences–a collection of articles showcasing ideas, examples, pedagogical frameworks, and curricular materials aiming to bridge the stubbornly persistent gap at the undergraduate level between the mathematical and the life sciences. The special issue features authors from public and private institutions of diverse types, sizes, and geographic locations: community colleges, liberal arts colleges, and research-oriented universities. We hope this special issue will serve as a resource to faculty who seek to make changes to their own course(s) or initiate curriculum reforms at their own …

Creating And Implementing A Covid-19 Prevention And Response Program In The Performing Arts: A Clinician Expertise Commentary, David Tomchuk, Kyle Schneider, Jacklyn Bascomb-Harrison

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

No abstract provided.

Viral Injustice, Brandon L. Garrett, Lee Kovarsky

Faculty Scholarship

The COVID-19 pandemic blighted all aspects of American life, but people in jails, prisons, and other detention sites experienced singular harm and neglect. Housing vulnerable detainee populations with elevated medical needs, these facilities were ticking time bombs. They were overcrowded, underfunded, unsanitary, insufficiently ventilated, and failed to meet even minimum health-and-safety standards. Every unit of national and sub-national government failed to prevent detainee communities from becoming pandemic epicenters, and judges were no exception.

This Article takes a comprehensive look at the decisional law growing out of COVID-19 detainee litigation and situates the judicial response as part of a comprehensive institutional …

Tetramerization Of Stat5 Has Opposing Roles In Governing Autoimmune Pathogenesis, Kelly Lynn Monaghan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5A and STAT5B) are members of the STAT protein family. STAT5 plays a critical role in mediating cellular responses following cytokine stimulation. Critical STAT5 signaling is achieved following functional dimerization, which occurs via SH2 domain interactions. The binding of two STAT5 dimers to tandemly linked TTCN₃GAA γ-interferon-activated sequence (GAS) motifs and N-terminal domain interactions, facilitates functional tetramerization. The biological role of STAT5 tetramers has been investigated using the Stat5a-Stat5b N-domain double knock-in (DKI) mouse strain, in which STAT5 tetramers cannot be formed due to substitutions in critical amino acid …

Jue Insight: Migration, Transportation Infrastructure, And The Spatial Transmission Of Covid-19 In China, Bingjing Li, Lin Ma

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper evaluates the impacts of migration flows and transportation infrastructure on the spatial transmission of COVID-19 in China. Prefectures with larger bilateral migration flows and shorter travel distances with Hubei, the epicenter of the outbreak, experienced a wider spread of COVID-19. In addition, richer prefectures with higher incomes were better able to contain the virus at the early stages of community transmission. Using a spatial general equilibrium model, we show that around 28% of the infections outside Hubei province can be explained by the rapid development in transportation infrastructure and the liberalization of migration restrictions in the recent decade.

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Stock Market And Exchange Rate Uncertainty In Pakistan, Ateeb Akhter Shah Syed, Kaneez Fatima, Mannan Zaheer

Business Review

This paper examines the impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) on exchange rate (EXU) and stock market uncertainty (SMU) in Pakistan while controlling for the effects of interest rate and policy interventions by the Government and the Central bank to combat the pandemic. We employ the vector autoregressive (VAR) model over a sample period ranging from February 25, 2020 to May 6, 2021. We find that a shock to total daily coronavirus cases in Pakistan has a positive and significant impact on both the EXU and SMU. However, this impact is short-lived which may be attributed to a timely policy response and …

Ecology Of Black-Legged Ticks (Ixodes Scapularis) At Fort Drum Military Installation, New York, Lucas Eli Price

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The number of confirmed cases of Lyme disease in the United States of America has risen from 12,801 cases reported in 1997, which is the earliest year these data are available, to 23,453 confirmed cases in 2019. In the eastern United States, black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) are the primary vector of Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochete bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi. Tick abundance tends to be highest in dense forest habitats and where wildlife diversity is low. Because wildlife species have varying levels of competency as reservoir hosts, sources of tick bloodmeals influence Lyme disease ecology. …

Modeling, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Rf-Based Passive Wireless Sensors Composed Of Refractory Semiconducting Ceramics For High Temperature Applications, Kavin Sivaneri Varadharajan Idhaiam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Real-time health monitoring of high temperature systems (>500^oC) in harsh environments is necessary to prevent catastrophic events caused by structural failures, varying pressure, and chemical reactions. Conventional solid-state temperature sensors such as resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) and thermocouples are restricted by their operating environments, sensor dimensions and often require external power sources for their operation. The current work presents the research and development of RF-based passive wireless sensing technology targeting high temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. Passive wireless devices are generally classified as near-field and far-field devices based on the interrogation distance. Near-field sensors are placed at …

Evaluate The Efficacy Of A Mixture Of Peroxyacetic Acid And H2o2 Against The Survival And Cross-Contamination Of The Salmonella Surrogate Enterococcus Faecium On Tomatoes During Triple-Wash, Corey Waitman Coe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Triple-wash with a mixture of peroxyacetic acid and H2O2 (SaniDate-5.0) during post-harvest processing of fresh produce has been recommended by West Virginia Small Farm Center to improve microbial safety. It has been well recognized that the washing of produce is more important for preventing cross-contamination than reducing foodborne pathogens. Furthermore, it may help improve public confidence in that the produce they obtain from locally grown farmers is safe for their consumption. determine the efficacy of SaniDate-5.0 for reducing the survival and preventing cross-contamination of the Salmonella surrogate Enterococcus faecium on tomatoes during triple-wash.

E. faecium ATCC-8459 (resistant to 100-ppm nalidixic-acid) …

Detection Of Fecal Bacteria In Watersheds Impacted By Acid Mine Drainage, Claire Addison Mcdonald

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Escherichia coli, a fecal coliform, is an essential component of water quality monitoring, entering waterways through sewage deposits, agricultural land and livestock, and wildlife. Various fast and user-friendly methods for quantifying E. coli make it the principal indicator bacteria for fecal contamination. The most common methods for E. coli quantification are culture-based and involve cultivating samples onto nutrient agar and counting the visible colonies. However, E. coli can enter a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state in stressful environments. Bacteria in a VBNC state are still alive but reduce key metabolic activities that typically encourage growth and division, allowing them …

Comparison Of The Mental Burden On Nursing Care Providers With And Without Mat-Type Sleep State Sensors At A Nursing Home In Tokyo, Japan: Quasi-Experimental Study, Sakiko Itoh, Hwee-Pink Tan, Kenichi Kudo, Yasuko Ogata

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Background: Increasing need for nursing care has led to the increased burden on formal caregivers, with those in nursing homes having to deal with exhausting labor. Although research activities on the use of internet of things devices to support nursing care for older adults exist, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions among formal caregivers in nursing homes. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether mat-type sleep state sensors for supporting nursing care can reduce the mental burden of formal caregivers in a nursing home. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study at a nursing home in Tokyo, …

Exo-Sir: An Epidemiological Model To Analyze The Impact Of Exogenous Spread Of Infection, Nirmal Kumar Sivaraman, Manas Gaur, Shivansh Baijal, Sakthi Balan Muthiah, Amit Sheth

Publications

Epidemics like Covid-19 and Ebola have impacted people's lives significantly. The impact of mobility of people across the countries or states in the spread of epidemics has been significant. The spread of disease due to factors local to the population under consideration is termed the endogenous spread. The spread due to external factors like migration, mobility, etc. is called the exogenous spread. In this paper, we introduce the Exo-SIR model, an extension of the popular SIR model and a few variants of the model. The novelty in our model is that it captures both the exogenous and endogenous spread of …

Investigating Patient Attitudes Towards Quality Of Service Management In The Public Health Service Sector: Evidence From Saudi Arabia, Aseel Bahareth

Plymouth Business School Theses

Purpose - Healthcare has been recognised as one of the key social responsibilities in any society, and the quality of healthcare available in a country is one of the key recognised standards and indicators for measuring the quality of life and standard of living obtainable in a particular society or country. Several previous studies have also shown that service satisfaction and quality experienced by patients vary from one country to another, while most developing nations fall at the bottom of these satisfaction ladders or rankings due to little (or non-available) research evidence in these areas. Therefore, this study will employ …

Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Imatinib Derivatives Asanticancer Agents, Fulya Günay, Sevcan Balta, Yuk Yin Ng, Özlem Ulucan Açan, Zühal Turgut, Ömer Tahi̇r Günkara

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Different derivatives of imatinib were synthesized by a 3-step reaction method. The structures of the new compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. For quantitative evaluation of the biological activity of the compounds, MTT assays were performed, where four BCR-ABL negative leukemic cell lines (Jurkat, Reh, Nalm-6 and Molt-4), one BCR-ABL positive cell line (K562), and one non-leukemic cell line (Hek293T) were incubated with various concentrations of the derivatives. Although imatinib was specifically designed for the BCR-ABL protein, our results showed that it was also effective on BCR-ABL negative cell lines except for Reh cell line. Compound 9 showed lowest IC50 …

A Systematic Review Of Rdrp Of Sars-Cov-2 Through Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Utilizing Structure-Based Drug Design Strategy, Fariha Imtiaz, Mustafa Kamal Pasha

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Since the coronavirus disease has been declared a global pandemic, it had posed a challenge among researchers and raised common awareness and collaborative efforts towards finding the solution. Caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus drug design strategy needs to be optimized. It is understandable that cognizance of the pathobiology of COVID-19 can help scientists in the development and discovery of therapeutically effective antiviral drugs by elucidating the unknown viral pathways and structures. Considering the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning with its advancements in the field of science, it is rational to use these methods which …

Thio-Schiff Bases Derived From 2,2'-Disulfanedianiline Via Nanocerium Oxide: Antimicrobial Effect And Antiproliferative Effects In Melanoma Cells, Aslihan Dalmaz, Sefa Durmuş, Görkem Dülger, Merve Alpay

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, the synthesis of dimeric disulfide-Schiff bases was carried out using two methods. The structures of the obtained Schiff bases were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods as well as elemental analysis. The Schiff base derivative compounds (3a-6) were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant microorganisms using microdilution method. All the tested compounds showed varying inhibition zones against the pathogens. According to MIC results, the compound 2 was shown strong inhibitory activity against all the tested microorganisms compared to antibiotics. In addition, all the tested compounds showed different antiproliferative effects on the melanoma cell line (B16F10). Our …

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Reseda Lutea L. (Wild Mignonette) And 7 Isolated Flavonol Glycosides: Determination Of Antioxidant Activity, Anti-Alzheimer, Antidiabetic And Cytotoxic Effects With In Vitro And In Silico Methods, Hati̇ce Kiziltaş

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, anticholinergic, antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Reseda lutea L. (R. lutea) were determined. Ethanol extracts of R. lutea (EERL) and water extract of R. lutea (WERL) were prepared for biochemical analysis. The antioxidant capacities of EERL and WERL were evaluated with 6 different methods. In addition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-amylase and α-glycosidase enzyme inhibition by EERL were measured. According to the results, EERL exhibited high inhibition effects against α-amylase, α-glycosidase and AChE enzymes. The IC50 values of EERL against AChE (2.21 μg/mL), α-glycosidase (1.38 μg/mL), and α-amylase (0.11 μg/mL) were determined. Also, high cytotoxic effect of EERL …

The Study On Biological Activities Of Silver Nanoparticles Produced Via Green Synthesis Method Using Salvia Officinalis And Thymus Vulgaris, Ömer Ödemi̇ş, Sadi̇n Özdemi̇r, Serpi̇l Gonca, Ali̇ Arslantaş, Mehmet Sali̇h Ağirtaş

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In the present study, Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris, known as phytotherapy plants. The obtained silver nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and UV/Vis spectra. The antioxidant capacities of Salvia officinalis-mediated AgNP (SO-AgNP) and Thymus vulgaris-mediated AgNP (TV-AgNP) were analyzed in vitro using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and iron chelating activity assays. DPPH activities were 83.74% and 57.17% for SO-AgNP and TV-AgNP at concentration 200 mg/L, respectively. Both green synthesized AgNPs exhibited good iron chelating activity. In addition, the DNA cleavage activities of SO-AgNPs and TV-AgNP were investigated with agarose gel electrophoresis technique. …

Cyclotide-Rich Fractions Containing Nanofibers By Electrospinning: Preparation, Characterization And Examination Of Antimicrobial Activity, Eli̇f Büşra Baş, Cemi̇l Kürekci̇, Orhan Murat Kalfa, Muharrem Akcan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, antimicrobial nanofibers were produced with the mixtures of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cyclotide-rich fractions by electrospinning method. After extraction, the first separation was carried out with C18 flash chromatography and then fractioned into five separate parts by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The molecular weights of cyclotides in each fraction were determined by quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Q-TOF LC-MS). Cyclotide-rich fractions were mixed with 10% of PVA solution and nanofibers were produced from this biocomposite mixture by electrospinning method. The nanofibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and it was observed that 100% …

Virus Detection Using Bio-Based Analysis Systems: A Review Of Biorecognition Strategies, Nur Meli̇s Kiliç, Di̇lek Odaci Demi̇rkol

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Infectious illnesses are on the rise in today's world, with serious consequences for animals, plants, and humans. Several infections, including the human immunodeficiency virus, affect a large number of individuals in various countries, particularly in the poorer portions of contemporary society, and continue to cause a variety of health problems. Viruses are tiny parasitic organisms. They are infectious agents that can only reproduce within a live cell of an organism. Viruses may infect any living organism. For clinical pointof- care applications, early detections for harmful agents such as bacteria, viruses are critical. The possibility of worldwide epidemics as a result …

Covid-19 Stressors, Ethnic Discrimination, Covid-19 Fears, And Mental Health Among Latinx College Students, Lucas Torres

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

This study examined the links between COVID-19 psychosocial stressors, ethnic discrimination, COVID-19 fears, and their combined effects on mental health outcomes among U.S.-based Latinx college students (N = 148; M_age = 20.68, SD = 2.53). Findings showed that sleep and eating disturbances, emotional distress, and work disruptions were linked with fear of contamination, fear of social distancing, and fear of pandemic impact. Further, ethnic discrimination was found to uniquely contribute to COVID-19 fears above and beyond COVID-19 psychosocial stressors. Finally, COVID-19 emotional distress and COVID fear of pandemic impact were significantly linked to anxiety and depression symptomatology. Recommendations …

The Associations Between Poor Antibiotic And Antimicrobial Resistance Knowledge And Inappropriate Antibiotic Use In The General Population Are Modified By Age, Huiling Guo, Zoe Jane-Lara Hildon, David Chien Boon Lye, Paulin Tay Straughan, Angela Chow

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Objectives: Understanding factors influencing inappropriate antibiotic use can guide the design of interventions to improve antibiotic practices and reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey (N = 2004) was conducted between November 2020 and January 2021. Knowledge of antibiotic use and AMR using the World Health Organization’s Multi-Country AMR Survey questionnaire, and antibiotic practices were examined. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with inappropriate antibiotic use and examine effect measure modifications. Results: After adjusting for potential confounding, poor knowledge of antibiotic use was associated with a 3x increased odds of inappropriate antibiotic use in …

Associations Between Eight Earth Observation-Derived Climate Variables And Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta-Analysis Of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics, Josh M. Colston, Benjamin F. Zaithcik, Hamada S. Badr, Eleanor Burnett, Syed Asad Ali, Ajit Rayamajhi, Syed M. Satter, Daniel Eibach, Ralf Krumkamp, M Imran Nisar, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen‐specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined. Infection status for 10 common enteropathogens—adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, Campylobacter, ETEC, Shigella, Cryptosporidium and Giardia—was matched by date with hydrometeorological variables from a global Earth observation dataset—precipitation and runoff volume, humidity, soil moisture, solar radiation, air pressure, temperature, and wind speed. Models were fitted for each pathogen, accounting …

Jiann-Ping Hsu College Of Public Health Magazine, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Message from the Dean: Stuart H. Tedders, PhD
• One-On-One: Marshall in Conversation with Aslan
• Alumni Feature: Improving the Body Art Industry
• Truth is Better than Fiction
• An Invisible Danger
• New Development Council
• The Period Equity Movement
• Averitt Award Winner and Together United
• Our Students Around the World
• Justice, Equity, Diversity & Inclusion
• Center for Addiction Recovery Making an impact: Scholarship recipient named
• Karl E. Peace Center for Biostatistics and Survey Research Working together: Biostatistics collaborations
• Center for Public Health Practice and Research Improving Health Outcomes
• Faculty and Students
• Office of Practice and Research
• College
• Photos

Asian Long-Horned Tick Haemaphysalis Longicornis: What Happens In Asia Does Not Stay In Asia, Shobhan Das, Marina Eremeeva

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

In Situ Treatment Technologies For Pit Latrines To Mitigate Groundwater Contamination By Fecal Pathogens: A Review Of Recent Technical Advances, Shray Saxena, Walter Den

Water Resources Science and Technology Faculty Publications (Archived)

On-site sanitation systems such as pit latrines are extensively used around the world, while there is a growing number of evidence documenting the impact of pit latrines on groundwater quality that may affect human health. Hence, this paper summarizes the various safe-sanitation technologies by broadly categorizing them into fecal pathogen disinfection methods (anaerobic digestion, chemical disinfection, biological additives, solar pasteurization and vermicomposting) and capturing methods (pit lining and permeable reactive barriers, the latter of which simultaneously capture and sanitize fecal sludge in pit latrines). While some of the reviewed technologies have been widely practiced for mitigating microbial contamination of the …

Barriers To Hiv Related Services Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Msm) In Rural Georgia, Jordan D. Helms, Alvin Tran, Neal Carnes, Eric J. Nehl

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (MSM) living in the Southeastern United States are at high risk of contracting HIV, and those in rural communities experience challenges in accessing HIV prevention and treatment.

Methods: Seven health care workers and 17 MSM in rural health care districts participated in semi-structured interviews. A theory-informed thematic analysis approach was used to summarize and compare perspectives between health care workers and MSM participants.

Results: Stigma, insufficient resources, and social structures of rural life emerged as barriers to accessing HIV-related services

Conclusions: Overcoming these barriers are necessary to reduce HIV infection …

Resource Curse, Economic Growth And Development: Panel Data Evidence From Natural Resources-Rich Countries, Marwan Mohamed Alssdek Alssadek

Plymouth Business School Theses

This thesis examines three plausible explanations for the natural resource curse phenomenon– the Dutch disease, institutional quality, and human capital. The phenomenon implies that countries rich in natural resources tend to have lower economic growth and development compared to countries that have fewer natural resources. The examination of this phenomenon has been organised into three empirical essays in the thesis. The first empirical essay applies the panel data fixed effect with Driscoll and Kraay’s standard errors and cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-ARDL) approaches to examine the Dutch disease problem. Our results show strong evidence that the spending and the resource …