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Foot Injuries In Michigan, Usa, Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus), 1992–2014, Daniel J. O'Brien, Dean E. Beyer Jr., Erin Largent, Julie R. Melotti, Caitlin N. Ott-Conn, Donald H. Lonsway, Thomas M. Cooley, Robert Atkinson, Michelle Clayson, Kelly A. Straka

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The range of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in the contiguous US is expanding. Research and monitoring to support population recovery and management often involves capture via foothold traps. A population-level epidemiologic assessment of the effect of trap injuries on wolf survival remains needed to inform management. We describe the baseline rate, type, and severity of foot injuries of wolves born 1992–2013 in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, evaluate the reliability of field-scoring trap-related injuries, and the effect of injuries on wolf survival. We assessed foot injuries by physical and radiographic exam at postmortem and/or time of capture for 351 wolves using the …

Olfactory Lures In Predator Control Do Not Increase Predation Risk To Birds In Areas Of Conservation Concern, Page Klug, Amy A. Yackel Adams, Robert N. Reed

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Context. Lethal control of predators is often undertaken to protect species of conservation concern. Traps are frequently baited to increase capture efficacy, but baited traps can potentially increase predation risk by attracting predators to protected areas. This is especially important if targeted predators can escape capture due to low trap success. Snake traps using live mouse lures may be beneficial if traps effectively remove snakes in the presence of birds and do not attract additional snakes to the area.

Aims. The present study evaluated whether mouse-lure traps in areas occupied by birds (simulated by deploying birdlure traps) could influence predation …

Wild Pig Removal Reduces Pathogenic Bacteria In Low-Order Streams, Sara A. Bolds, B. Graeme Lockaby, Latif Kalin, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Mark D. Smith, Kurt Vercauteren

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Invasive wild pig populations have undergone enormous increases in the United States and particularly across the southern U.S. in recent years. High fecundity rates and abilities to adapt quickly to varied habitats have enabled pig populations to become entrenched and difficult to eliminate. The pigs cause many negative impacts on ecosystems including degradation of water quality through infusion of fecal contamination and other non-point source pollutants. Our goal was to determine the effects of pig removal on water quality in streams that were known to be significantly polluted by pig activity Bolds (J Environ Qual 50: 441–453, 2021). We compared …

Uab Magazine - Spring/Summer 2022, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

No abstract provided.

Using Poultry To Enhance Food Security In Stann Creek, Belize, Emily Spatz, Lisa S. Wood

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Food insecurity is a growing issue in developing and developed countries alike, and in countries like Belize, the prevalence of hunger has soared in recent years. Not having access to diets with sufficient calories and nutrients leads to a host of developmental issues, including stunting and cognitive delays. The purpose of this work was to create an all-encompassing manual for small-scale poultry production in order to provide nourishment for the students and staff of a school in Belize. After determining that the best way to meet the school’s needs was through dual-purpose birds, background research was conducted to determine small-scale …

Time Course Investigation Of The Dermal Leukocyte Response To Lipoteichoic Acid In Chickens, Ian M. Gilbert, Jossie M. Santamaria, Gisela F. Erf

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a cell-wall polymer in Gram-positive bacteria that stimulates inflammation. Few studies have investigated in vivo immune response to LTA, and none of the in vivo studies have been performed in birds. For this project, the pulp (a skin derivative) of growing feathers (GF) of chickens was used to investigate the in vivo effects of intradermally injected LTA. In Study 1, GF of chickens were injected with 10 μL of differing concentrations of LTA (0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 or 250 μg LTA/mL; 3 chickens/dose). Growing feathers were plucked before injection (0 h) and at 6, 24, 48, …

Giardial Lipid Rafts Share Virulence Factors With Secreted Vesicles And Participate In Parasitic Infection In Mice, Brian I. Grajeda, Atasi De Chatterjee, Carmen M. Villalobos, Breanna C. Pence, Cameron C. Ellis, Vanessa Enriquez, Sourav Roy, Sukla Roychowdhury, Aaron K. Neumann, Igor C. Almeida, Steven E. Patterson, Siddhartha Das

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Giardia lamblia, a protozoan parasite, is a major cause of waterborne infection, worldwide. While the trophozoite form of this parasite induces pathological symptoms in the gut, the cyst form transmits the infection. Since Giardia is a noninvasive parasite, the actual mechanism by which it causes disease remains elusive. We have previously reported that Giardia assembles cholesterol and GM1 glycosphingolipid-enriched lipid rafts (LRs) that participate in encystation and cyst production. To further delineate the role of LRs in pathogenesis, we isolated LRs from Giardia and subjected them to proteomic analysis. Various cellular proteins including potential virulence factors-e.g., giardins, variant surface …

Social Support, Self-Esteem, And Levels Of Stress, Depression, And Anxiety During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Candace Ying Tsai

Scripps Senior Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented disruptions to daily routines and social connections, which negatively impacted the mental health and well-being of many. Unsurprisingly, the most utilized coping strategy during the pandemic involved social support. However, those low in self-esteem seem to question others’ positive regard and continued acceptance, and overall perceive others’ behavior more negatively than those with high self-esteem (Murray, Holmes, et al., 1998). The proposed correlational study will examine the effects of social support and self-esteem on stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as investigate whether one’s self-esteem affects the influence that social …

Effect Of Health Aid On Life Expectancy In Sub-Saharan Africa, Sakiru Oladele Akinbode Dr., Isiaq O. Oseni

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Relationship Between Audience And Sport Performance In Competition During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Noah Perrin

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an environment in sports in which players are performing in the absence of crowds. This study analyzed the performance of 12 teams and 11 players in games played with and without an audience over a period of three years in collegiate basketball. It was expected that in games with crowds, simple tasks (free throws) would be more successful and complex tasks (field goals) would be less successful compared to games without crowds. The second hypothesis predicted that home performances would be better than away performances in seasons with crowds, but there would be no difference …

The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces) And Substance Use: A Review Of The Literature, Alexandra Scott

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that happen in a child’s life. These experiences can cause multiple negative outcomes for the child even into their adult life. In the United States, roughly one in ten children have experienced three or more ACEs, and nearly half of all children in the United States have experienced at least one ACE. These problems can be physical, mental, personal and social. Of these outcomes, the individual could develop alcoholism or addiction to substances. Substance abuse is the overindulgence or dependence on substances that are addictive, mainly drugs or alcohol. The relevance substance …

The Potential Beneficial Effects Of Vaccination On Antigenically Evolving Pathogens, Frank Wen, Anup Malani, Sarah Cobey

Articles

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Challenges To Public Health Orders In Federal Courts During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kenny Mok, Eric A. Posner

Articles

We examine federal judicial cases involving nonreligious civil-liberties challenges to COVID-19-related public health orders from the start of the pandemic in early 2020 to January 27, 2022. Consistent with the tradition of judicial deference toward states during emergencies, we find a high level of success for governments. However, governments did lose in 14.2% of the cases, and in those losses, there is evidence of partisan or ideological influence. Republican-appointed judges were more likely to rule in favor of challengers who brought claims based on gun rights and property rights, while Democratic- appointed judges were more likely to rule in favor …

Exploring The Relationship Between Covid-19 Unit Designation And Nurse Burnout Syndrome, Jamie Roney, Gisele Nicole Bazan, Tiffany Patterson, Kelsey Sawyer, Erin Whitley, Sahar Mihandoust, Joann Long

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic globally impacted healthcare due to surges in infected patients and respiratory failure. The pandemic escalated nursing burnout syndrome (NBS) across the workforce, especially in critical care environments, potentially leading to long-term negative impact on nurse retention and patient care.

Objectives: To compare self-reported burnout scores of frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 infected patients with burnout scores captured before the pandemic and in non-COVID-19 units from two prior studies.

Methods: A study was conducted using frontline nurses working in eight critical care units based on exposure to COVID-19 infected patients. Nurses were surveyed in 2019 and in …

Compulsory Licensing Of Trade Secrets: Illegality Under International And Domestic Laws, Eric M. Solovy, Deepak Raju

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Masking Free Speech: The First Amendment Implications Of Masks, Clothing, And Public Health, Roy S. Gutterman

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

Regulations mandating the wearing of face coverings to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have encountered resistance on a variety of grounds. This article analyzes the constitutional status of mask requirements from a free-speech perspective, differentiating between the issue of written words or logos on a mask as a form of speech, and the ability to keep one’s face uncovered as a speech right in itself. It examines the similarities and distinctions between challenges to mask mandates and other First Amendment objections to government restrictions related to clothing (or the lack thereof)—from public nudity prohibitions, to motorcycle helmet laws, to regulations …

Limosilactobacillus Fermentum Strain 3872: Antibacterial And Immunoregulatory Properties And Synergy With Prebiotics Against Socially Significant Antibiotic-Resistant Infections Of Animals And Humans, Vyacheslav M. Abramov, Igor V. Kosarev, Andrey V. Machulin, Tatiana V. Priputnevich, Irina O. Chikileva, Eugenia I. Deryusheva, Tatiana N. Abashina, Almira D. Donetskova, Alexander N. Panin, Vyacheslav G. Melnikov, Natalia E. Suzina, Ilya N. Nikonov, Marina V. Selina, Valentin S. Khlebnikov, Vadim K. Sakulin, Raisa N. Vasilenko, Vladimir A. Samoilenko, Vladimir N. Uversky, Andrey V. Karlyshev

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Limosilactobacillus fermentum strain 3872 (LF3872) was originally isolated from the breast milk of a healthy woman during lactation and the breastfeeding of a child. The high-quality genome sequencing of LF3872 was performed, and a gene encoding a unique bacteriocin was discovered. It was established that the bacteriocin produced by LF3872 (BLF3872) belongs to the family of cell-wall-degrading proteins that cause cell lysis. The antibacterial properties of LF3872 were studied using test cultures of antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Gram-positive pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus strain 8325-4 and S. aureus strain IIE CI-SA 1246) were highly sensitive to the bacteriolytic action of LF3872. …

Fight Fire With Fire: The Need For A Vaccine Based On Intrinsic Disorder And Structural Flexibility, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

The absence of advancement in finding efficient vaccines for several human viruses, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) despite 30, 40, and even 60 years of research, respectively, is unnerving. Among objective reasons for such failure are the highly glycosylated nature of proteins used as primary vaccine targets against these viruses and the presence of neotopes and cryptotopes, as well as high mutation rates of the RNA viruses HCV and HIV-1 and the capability to establish latency by HSVs. However, the lack of success in utilization of the structure-based …

Adenoviral-Vectored Centralized Consensus Hemagglutinin Vaccine Provides Broad Protection Against H2 Influenza A Virus, Erika M. Petro-Turnquist, Brianna L. Bullard, Matthew J. Pekarek, Eric A. Weaver

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Several influenza pandemics have occurred in the past century, one of which emerged in 1957 from a zoonotic transmission of H2N2 from an avian reservoir into humans. This pandemic caused 2–4 million deaths and circulated until 1968. Since the disappearance of H2N2 from human populations, there has been waning immunity against H2, and this subtype is not currently incorporated into seasonal vaccines. However, H2 influenza remains a pandemic threat due to consistent circulation in avian reservoirs. Here, we describe a method of pandemic preparedness by creating an adenoviral-vectored centralized consensus vaccine design against human H2 influenza. We also assessed the …

The Application Of The Skin Virome For Human Identification, Ema H. Graham, Jennifer Clarke, Samodha Fernando, Joshua Herr, Michael Adamowicz

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The use of skin virome offers a unique approach for human identification purposes in instances where a viable and statistically relevant human DNA profile is unavailable. The skin virome may act as an alternative DNA profile and/or an additional form of probative genetic material. To date, no study has attempted to investigate the human virome over a time series across various physical locations of the body to identify its diagnostic potential as a tool for human identification. For this study, we set out to evaluate the stability, diversity, and individualization of the human skin virome. An additional goal was to …

Non-Verbal Communication, Anxiety, Behavioral Changes Within Covid Regulatory Changes, Sydney Stack, Olivia Mccracken

Communication Senior Capstones

In the current era of education and social communication shifting into a virtual world the students entering the early elementary education system have experienced something that is new to all of us. Within the last two and a half years life as we have known it has vastly shifted. Virtual learning and communication, which is not something that is new, but something that was scarce prior to the Covid-19 pandemic is now the “new normal.” For many of the students affected, this way of learning has shaped much of their educational career. Changes like these are affecting areas of development …

Town Of Lincoln Nh 2021 Annual Report., Lincoln Town Representatives

Lincoln, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

An Intercontinental Examination In The Efficacy Of Combating Covid-19 In South Korea Vs. The Us, Sean Powers

Theses & ETDs

This thesis is a comparative analysis of the responses of South Korea and the US to the global Covid-19 pandemic. This thesis examines the policy initiatives put forth by both countries to alleviate the spread of the virus as well as the social complications that arise from the public because of them. It assesses and compares both countries’ performance in mitigating the impacts of the virus. Ultimately, it emphasizes the importance of being prepared for global health crisis’ like Covid-19 and shows how specific actions can be the deciding factor between saving hundreds of thousands of innocent lives or protecting …

What Is The Recorded Economic Cost Of Alien Invasive Fishes Worldwide?, Phillip J. Haubrock, Camille Bernery, Ross N. Cuthbert, Chunlong Liu, Melina Kourantidou, Boris Leroy, Anna J. Turbelin, Andrew M. Kramer, Laura Verbrugge, Christophe Diagne, Franck Courchamp, Rodolphe E. Gozlan

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Invasive alien fishes have caused pernicious ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems. However, there has not been a global appraisal of associated economic impacts. Here, we compiled reported economic impacts of invasive alien fishes using the most comprehensive global database of invasion costs (InvaCost). We analyze how fish invasion costs are distributed geographically and temporally, as well as which socioeconomic sectors are most impacted. Fish invasions have caused the economic loss of at least US$32.8 billion globally (2017 value), from only 26 reported species (of 128 known invasive alien fish species). North America had the highest costs (> 99%), followed by …

Effectiveness Of Stricter Vaccine Mandates In Public Schools And Childcare Centers, Anna Ferentinos

Emerging Writers

Vaccines have been a controversial and frequently discussed topic the last two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The amount of readily available information on the internet - accurate or not – has led to many theories and opinions on whether to vaccinate and why, or why not. This article discusses these theories, as well as the benefits and consequences of vaccine mandates, with the help of examples from other countries. The author argues that a federal vaccine mandate should be implemented in the United States of America so as to encourage parents to protect children through scheduled immunizations.

Online Student Course Engagement In A Developmental Summer Bridge Program: A Mixed Methods Study, Kaitlyn Machcinski

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Does virtual learning impact student engagement in developmental education? This convergent mixed methods study measures student experience and perceptions during one such bridge program forced online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE), I measured students’ perceived engagement levels in the online course (Dixson, 2015). Drawing from self-reflecting journal entries and observations, I measured students’ experience of participation and engagement. Understood through Astin’s (1999) Theory of Student Involvement, the findings of this study showed high perceived and demonstrated engagement in the developmental reading and study skills course. In addition, students struggled with their perceived study skills …

Trauma-Informed Educational Practices In The Middle School Classroom During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Loralynne Yost

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

This collective case study used a mixed methods approach to examine how Trauma-Informed Educational Practices (TIEP) manifest in the middle school classroom. This study is important due to the trauma students experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teacher participants had district training in trauma-informed practices prior to this study.

Teacher participants took an initial survey to capture their conceptualization and perceived usage of the TIEP in the classroom. Teachers then used TIEP in their classrooms for two weeks. Teachers kept a checklist of which of the TIEP they used each day and commented on the context for the use of the …

U.S. Families And Mothers Deserve Better .......!, Emmanuel Asante

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Breastmilk produced upon the delivery of babies in human societies was the most nutritionally
valued infant meal, historically. Before World War II, optimal breastfeeding of babies was the
norm in the U.S. However, women involvement in industry during and after World War II,
dropped breastfeeding to suboptimal levels, between 46.3% and 25.8% states average for 3
months and 6 months exclusive breastfeeding respectively, according to the 2018 U.S. National
Immunization Breastfeeding Survey (Cheng, et al., 2019). Four out of five mothers will start
breastfeeding during the first few days after delivery but will discontinue breastfeeding to go
back to work, …

Gattonrx Magazine - 2022, Bill Gatton College Of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University

GattonRX Magazine

No abstract provided.

Concerning Creation Of A Jail Standards Commission To Standardize The Operation Of Olorado Jails And In Connection Therewith, Colorado General Assembly

Session Laws 2001-Present

No abstract provided.