Digital Commons Network^™

Sars-Cov-2 Reinfection Prevents Acute Respiratory Disease In Syrian Hamsters But Not Replication In The Upper Respiratory Tract, Frederick Hansen, Kimberly Meade-White, Chad Clancy, R Rosenke, Atsushi Okumura, David W. Hawman, F Feldmann, Benjamin Kaza, Michael A. Jarvis, K Rosenke, H Feldmann

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Metronidazole Treatment Rapidly Reduces Genital Inflammation Through Effects On Bacterial Vaginosis-Associated Bacteria Rather Than Lactobacilli, Eric Armstrong, Hilary Reno, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) causes genital inflammation and increases HIV risk, whereas a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus species is associated with immune quiescence and relative HIV protection. BV treatment reduces genital inflammation, but it is unclear whether this reduction is driven by a decrease in BV-associated bacteria or an increase in Lactobacillus species.METHODSTo evaluate the short-term effect of standard BV treatment on genital immunology and the vaginal microbiota, vaginal swabs were collected immediately before and after metronidazole treatment for BV and analyzed with multiplex ELISA, metagenomic sequencing, and quantitative PCR.RESULTSTopical metronidazole treatment rapidly reduced vaginal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, …

Considerations For The Use Of Phage Therapy In Clinical Practice, Jane M Knisely, Jose Alexander, Saima Aslam, Karen D Barton, Erica Bizzell, Katherine M C Totten, Joseph L Campbell, Benjamin K Chan, Scott A Cunningham, Katherine E Goodman, Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance, Anthony D Harris, Shayla Hesse, Anthony Maresso, Veronique Nussenblatt, David Pride, Michael J Rybak, Zoe Sund, David Van Duin, Daria Van Tyne, Robin Patel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Increasing antimicrobial resistance and medical device-related infections have led to a renewed interest in phage therapy as an alternative or adjunct to conventional antimicrobials. Expanded access and compassionate use cases have risen exponentially but have varied widely in approach, methodology, and clinical situations in which phage therapy might be considered. Large gaps in knowledge contribute to heterogeneity in approach and lack of consensus in many important clinical areas. The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) has convened a panel of experts in phage therapy, clinical microbiology, infectious diseases, and pharmacology, who worked with regulatory experts and a funding agency to identify …

2022-03-14_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 216 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (139 Emergency Departments (ED), 77 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, …

The Role Of Chemical Cues In Host Susceptibility To Fish-Parasitic Gnathiid Isopods., Clayton M. Vondriska

Student Theses and Dissertations

Parasitism is one of the most common lifestyle strategies. Ectoparasites must navigate complex environments to find their host and many rely heavily on chemical cues to do so. Gnathiid isopods are common parasites that use chemical cues to find their marine fish hosts. While gnathiids are considered host-generalists, hosts vary in their susceptibility to infestation. However, the mechanisms that mediate differential susceptibility are unknown. Here I used field and laboratory experiments to investigate if the chemo-attractiveness of hosts explains differences in susceptibility of Caribbean reef fishes to infestation by a common Caribbean gnathiid isopod, Gnathia marleyi. While G. marleyi can …

School-Based Health Clinics And Student Outcomes In New York City Public Schools, Jacqueline Rosado

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Schools have made efforts to improve outcomes for poor, Black, and Latino students, but disparities persist. Education policies in the United States are not addressing the structural inequities in schools and any external influences that contribute to the low achievement of Black, and Latino students living in poverty. The research in this study highlights inadequate or lack of healthcare services as a contributing factor. This results in a host of problems children bring with them to schools such as attention disorders and chronic absenteeism. In order for schools to mitigate these educational and health challenges, they must have the resources …

Ethical Ramifications Of Xenotransplantation Research And Justification For Potentially Deadly Study Participation, Scott Dyer

Graduate Student Research Symposium

Recent leaps in medical technology now allow humans to utilize organs of animals, specifically pigs, in xenotransplantation procedures. As this science advances, ethical quandaries that must be grappled with will arise while additional clinical trials must be done. Due to the infancy of this technology, science must be cautious in how it moves forward. However, I also argue that anyone, as long as they are of sound mind and deemed to be of proper decision-making capacity, can justifiably participate in any research they want, no matter how deadly the potential consequences. A participant in such research may be getting much …

Register Now For Artplay's Summer Camps In Visual Arts And Musical Theater, Shannon Thomason

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Substance Use Treatment Providers Perspectives On Barriers And Facilitators To Treatment, Recovery, And Returning To Work For Healthcare Professionals With Substance Use, Heidi L. Mcneely

Sigma Foundation for Nursing Research Grant Reports

The overall purpose of the study is to help identify barriers and facilitators to SU treatment, successful recovery and return to work for HCPs with SU.

A Closer Look At Precision Hard Turning Of Aisi4340: Multi-Objective Optimization For Simultaneous Low Surface Roughness And High Productivity, Mohamed F. Aly, Islam H. Abdelgaliel, Adel T. Abbas, Abdulhamid A. Al-Abduljabbar

Faculty Journal Articles

This article reports an extended investigation into the precision hard turning of AISI 4340 alloy steel when machined by two different types of inserts: wiper nose and conventional round nose. It provides a closer look at previously published work and aims at determining the optimal process parameters for simultaneously minimizing surface roughness and maximizing productivity. In the mathematical models developed by the authors, surface roughness at different cutting speeds, depths of cut and feed rates is treated as the objective function. Three robust multi-objective techniques, (1) multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), (2) multi-objective Pareto search algorithm (MOPSA) and (3) multi-objective emperor …

Durable Reduction Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection Recurrence And Microbiome Restoration After Treatment With Rbx2660: Results From An Open-Label Phase 2 Clinical Trial, Robert Orenstein, Erik R Dubberke, Sahil Khanna, Christine H Lee, David Yoho, Stuart Johnson, Gail Hecht, Herbert L Dupont, Dale N Gerding, Ken F Blount, Sarah Mische, Adam Harvey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Effective treatment options for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) are limited, with high recurrence rates associated with the current standard of care. Herein we report results from an open-label Phase 2 trial to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and durability of RBX2660-a standardized microbiota-based investigational live biotherapeutic-and a closely-matched historical control cohort.

METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, open-label Phase 2 study enrolled patients who had experienced either ≥ 2 recurrences of CDI, treated by standard-of-care antibiotic therapy, after a primary CDI episode, or ≥ 2 episodes of severe CDI requiring hospitalization. Participants received up to 2 doses of RBX2660 rectally administered …

Durable Reduction Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection Recurrence And Microbiome Restoration After Treatment With Rbx2660: Results From An Open-Label Phase 2 Clinical Trial, David Yoho, Herbert L Dupont, Dale N Gerding, Ken F Blount, Sarah Mische, Adam Harvey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Effective treatment options for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) are limited, with high recurrence rates associated with the current standard of care. Herein we report results from an open-label Phase 2 trial to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and durability of RBX2660-a standardized microbiota-based investigational live biotherapeutic-and a closely-matched historical control cohort.

METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, open-label Phase 2 study enrolled patients who had experienced either ≥ 2 recurrences of CDI, treated by standard-of-care antibiotic therapy, after a primary CDI episode, or ≥ 2 episodes of severe CDI requiring hospitalization. Participants received up to 2 doses of RBX2660 rectally administered …

Effects Of Social Isolation Caused By The Covid-19 Pandemic On Changes In Daily Activity: A Case Study Of Physical Education Students, Miroslaw Zalech

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The study sought to describe student time use and to analyse the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (lockdown) on changes in the time use and their role within the context of health and social aspects. Material & Methods: The research was carried out every year from 2017 to 2020 in the same period of time. The study included 340 students of physical education. In their time budget diaries, the participants noted down the amount of time devoted to activities performed in a typical week. Results: The study showed that during the lockdown, students devoted less time to sports training, …

Orientalism Restated In The Era Of Covid-19, Joey Kim

Asian American Literature: Discourses & Pedagogies

This essay bridges a gap between an analysis of anti-Asian targeting and an analysis of Orientalism. Because histories of Orientalism and anti-Asian targeting pre-date the current moment, I demonstrate the centrality of Orientalism to the evolution of xenophobic language and sentiment in U.S.-foreign historical relations. I recount instances of anti-Asian, xenophobic, and “Yellow-Peril” rhetoric in the wake of the global COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, I examine the racialization of COVID-19 as a trope of orientalism. This racialization, I argue, places the Asian-presenting body in a state of heightened visibility, precarity, and susceptibility to plunder. The newfound precarity of the …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - March 11, 2022, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the March 11, 2022 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents include:

• USA Health researcher to present on breast cancer disparities at national conference
• Meet a Med Student: Sidney Bailey
• Bassam presents on diabetic neuropathy at annual meeting
• Poverty and public health: Arrieta works to reduce health disparities
• Gulf Coast Trauma Symposium set for March 24-25
• Nephrologist Abayomi Sanusi, M.D., joins internal medicine faculty
• Pathology seminar series set for March 17

2022-03-11_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 216 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (139 Emergency Departments (ED), 77 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, …

Korean War Biological Warfare Allegations Against The United States: A Playbook For The Current Crisis In Ukraine, Conrad C. Crane

Articles & Editorials

No abstract provided.

Hand Sanitizer Production Distribution Analysis, Regan Monhollon

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

This work is a brief report on the areas reached and the monetary value of the materials produced and distributed by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Hand Sanitizer Production Project in response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. This project was able to produce approximately 190,000 gallons of hand sanitizer, totaling a minimum commercial value of $15 million and an estimated peak commercial value of $166 million that would be distributed both in and out of the State of Nebraska.

This report contains the calculations used to estimate the worth of the hand sanitizer produced shortly before, during the peak, and near the …

Pocket2drug: An Encoder-Decoder Deep Neural Network For The Target-Based Drug Design, W T. Shi, M Singha, G Srivastava, L M. Pu, W T. Shi, M Brylinski

Faculty Publications

Computational modeling is an essential component of modern drug discovery. One of its most important applications is to select promising drug candidates for pharmacologically relevant target proteins. Because of continuing advances in structural biology, putative binding sites for small organic molecules are being discovered in numerous proteins linked to various diseases. These valuable data offer new opportunities to build efficient computational models predicting binding molecules for target sites through the application of data mining and machine learning. In particular, deep neural networks are powerful techniques capable of learning from complex data in order to make informed drug binding predictions. In …

March 11, 2022 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

A Theory Of City Biogeography And The Origin Of Urban Species, Ryan A. Martin

Faculty Scholarship

Many of the choices humans make with regard to infrastructure, urban planning and other phenomena have impacts that will last thousands of years. This can readily be seen in modern cities in which contemporary streets run along street grids that were laid out thousands of years prior or even in which ancient viaducts still play a role. However, rarely do evolutionary biologists explicitly consider the future of life likely to be associated with the decisions we are making today. Here, we consider the evolutionary future of species in cities with a focus on the origin of lineages and species. We …

Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For The Year Ending June 30, 2021, Hamilton County, Tennessee, Hamilton County (Tenn.). Finance Division.

Tennessee County Audit Reports

No abstract provided.

Air Exchanges, Climate Change, And Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Virus 2 (Sars-Cov-2): Results From A Survey Of The Society Of Healthcare Epidemiology Of America Research Network (Srn), Jason P. Burnham, Fred Betz, Roger Lautz, Ehsan Mousavi, Richard A. Martinello, Forbes Mcgain, Jodi D. Sherman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Diversity Of Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes And Genotypes Of Mannheimia Haemolytica Isolates From Bovine Nasopharyngeal Swabs, Hannah F. Carter, Robert W. Wills, Matthew A. Scott, Alexis C. Thompson, Randall S. Singer, John Dustin Loy, Brandi B. Karisch, William B. Epperson, Amelia R. Woolums

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The threat of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) for cattle operations is exacerbated by increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Mannheimia haemolytica, a leading cause of BRD. Characterization of AMR in M. haemolytica by culture and susceptibility testing is complicated by uncertainty regarding the number of colonies that must be selected to accurately characterize AMR phenotypes (antibiograms) and genotypes in a culture. The study objective was to assess phenotypic and genotypic diversity of M. haemolytica isolates on nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) from 28 cattle at risk for BRD or with BRD. NPS were swabbed onto five consecutive blood agar plates; …

Fat As An Adjunct In Nerve Surgery, Allison Podsednik, Raysa Cabrejo, Joseph Rosen

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

The Tepi Project: Searching For Antibiotic Producers In The Soil, Kerry Devaney, Dr. Lori Scott

Identifying and Characterizing Novel Antibiotic Producing Microbes From the Soil

Antibiotics and antimicrobials have been at the cornerstone of human medicine before we even understood what a cell was. Throughout history there are endless examples of medicines used that can be traced to something akin to what we know of today as an “antibiotic”. From the widespread use of “mouldy bread” as a “topical application” throughout many ancient civilizations to the “magic bullet” called “Salvarsan” discovered by Paul Erlich, generations throughout humanity have been looking to cure the diseases that, quite literally, plague us (1). After the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, the subsequent widespread discovery and production of …

Discovery And Preclinical Pharmacology Of Ine963, A Potent And Fast-Acting Blood-Stage Antimalarial With A High Barrier To Resistance And Potential For Single-Dose Cures In Uncomplicated Malaria., Benjamin R. Taft, Fumiaki Yokokawa, Tom Kirrane, Anne-Catherine Mata, Richard Huang, Nicole Blaquiere, Grace Waldron, Bin Zou, Oliver Simon, Subramanyam Vankadara, Wai Ling Chan, Mei Ding, Sandra Sim, Judith Straimer, Armand Guiguemde, Suresh B Lakshminarayana, Jay Prakash Jain, Christopher Bodenreider, Christopher Thompson, Christian Lanshoeft, Wei Shu, Eric Fang, Jafri Qumber, Katherine Chan, Luying Pei, Yen-Liang Chen, Hanna Schulz, Jessie Lim, Siti Nurdiana Abas, Xiaoman Ang, Yugang Liu, Iñigo Angulo-Barturen, María Belén Jiménez-Díaz, Glaxosmithkline Gamo, Benigno Crespo-Fernandez, Philip J. Rosenthal, Roland A. Cooper, Patrick Tumwebaze, Anna Caroline Campos Aguiar, Brice Campo, Simon Campbell, Jürgen Wagner, Thierry T Diagana, Christopher Sarko

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

A series of 5-aryl-2-amino-imidazothiadiazole (ITD) derivatives were identified by a phenotype-based high-throughput screening using a blood stage Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) growth inhibition assay. A lead optimization program focused on improving antiplasmodium potency, selectivity against human kinases, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties and extended pharmacological profiles culminated in the identification of INE963 (1), which demonstrates potent cellular activity against Pf 3D7 (EC50 = 0.006 μM) and achieves "artemisinin-like" kill kinetics in vitro with a parasite clearance time of/kg is fully curative in the Pf-humanized severe combined immunodeficient mouse model. INE963 (1) also exhibits a high barrier to resistance …

Gut Virome: Role And Distribution In Health And Gastrointestinal Diseases, Laurie Spencer, Babatunde Olawuni, Pallavi Singh

NIU Bibliography

The study of the intestinal microbiome is an evolving field of research that includes comprehensive analysis of the vast array of microbes – bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and viral. Various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have been associated with instability of the gut microbiota. Many studies have focused on importance of bacterial communities with relation to health and disease in humans. The role of viruses, specifically bacteriophages, have recently begin to emerge and have profound impact on the host. Here, we comprehensively review the importance of viruses in GI diseases and summarize their influence in the …

Shingles: Who Gets It And How It Is Treated, Adam Pope

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Antibacterial And Anti-Hiv-1 Gp120 Activities Of Selected Medicinal Plants, Rose J. Masalu, Cyprian B. Mpinda

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Medicinal plants play an important role in traditional medicine and drug development research because of their numerous bioactivities. However, some concerns have risen on the inefficiencies of such products due to improper use of medicinal plant products, notably when mixed with other traditional remedies. This study evaluates the antibacterial and anti-human immunodeficiency virus 1 glycoprotein 120/CD4 (anti-HIV-1 GP120/CD4) activities of medicinal plants species Sapium ellipticum, Pseudospondias microcarpa, and Capparis erythrocarpos; and their respective combinations effects. Results revealed that aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of S. ellipticum and P. microcarpa had antimicrobial activities against S. aureus (ATCC 25923), E. coli (ATCC …