Digital Commons Network^™

Reduced Serum Concentrations Of Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species Following Strenuous Exercise In The Heat Are Not Associ-Ated With An Upregulation In Serum Antioxidative Capacity, Sebastian Keller, Hannah Lisa Notbohm, Wilhelm Bloch, Moritz Schumann

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high antioxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum concentrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V̇O_2peak: 60 …

The Impact Of Overhead Dumbbell Squat Towards Swimming Speed Of Tirta Palm Swimming Club Members, Winaspita Aulia Putri, Adelia Handoko, Ulfa Elfiah

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Swimming athletes compete by how fast they can swim at a certain distance. One of the most important things that affect the swimming speed was the muscle strength of the arms and legs. The swimming speed can be increased by doing the physical exercise that can affect the arms and legs muscles which was called overhead dumbbell squat (ODS) exercise. The purpose of this study was to find out if there was an effect of ODS on increased breaststroke swimming speed of Tirta Palm Swimming Club members. This study was an experimental study with one group pretest-posttest design that was …

Level Of Customer Satisfaction On The Service Quality Personal Trainer, Abiyyu Amajida, Yudik Prasetyo, Enggista Hendriko Delano, Muhammad Fatih Humam

Jurnal Keolahragaan

This research intends to identify customer satisfaction with the service quality provided by the personal trainers. This research was arranged based on theoretical studies related to the level of customer satisfaction with a particular service. The research was a descriptive quantitative study with a survey method and a questionnaire as the research instrument. This study was done in Health and Sports Center Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (HSC UNY) Fitness Center. Purposive sampling was used to do sampling on this research. Criteria of the samples were customers who used the services of a personal trainer at the HSC UNY Fitness Center, and …

Body Fat Levels And Its Negative Correlation To Apnea Duration, Kukuh Pambuka Putra, Rambu Lawu Nedi Kristanti Retno Triandhini, Aditya Wicaksana, Sanfia Tesabela Messakh

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Apnea ability is the main determining factor of freediving performance. Apnea relates to physiological factors that might be experienced by a free diver hence its ability is highly likely to correlate with various factors of human physiology. One of the suspected factors that affect apnea duration is body fat level. The fact that fat is distributed in almost all parts of the body, including respiratory organs and tracts, arises the suspicion of a possible correlation between fat accumulation and apnea ability. This research studies the correlation between body fat level and apnea duration. 30 males, aged 18-22 were the research …

A Novel Biomaterial Platform For Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Andrew House

Dissertations

Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the world. With a growing demand for in vitro cardiac models that can recapitulate the complex physiology of the cardiac tissue, there is a desire to create novel therapies and treatments. However, due to a lack of fundamental understanding of the heart's inflammatory response to myocardial infarction, the development of new therapies is both time consuming and costly. In this work, a novel approach to fabricating a dynamic hydrogel cardiac platform is reported. This platform better mimics the dynamic changes occurring in the native cardiac tissue microenvironment during cardiac …

Modified Ube3a Gene For A Gene Therapy Approach For Angelman Syndrome, Kevin Ron Nash, Edwin John Weeber, Jennifer Leigh Daily

USF Patents

Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder occurring in approximately one in every 15,000 births. It is characterized by severe mental retardation, seizures, difficulty speaking and ataxia. The gene responsible for AS was discovered to be UBE3A and encodes for E6-AP, an ubiquitin ligase. A unique feature of this gene is that it undergoes maternal imprinting in a neuron-specific manner. In the majority of AS cases, there is a mutation or deletion in the maternally inherited UBE3A gene, although other cases are the result of uniparental disomy or mismethylation of the maternal gene. While most human disorders characterized by severe …

On Kernel-Based Estimator Of Odds Ratio Using Different Stratified Sampling Schemes, Abbas Eftekharian, Hani Samawi, Haresh Rochani

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The kernel-based estimator of Cochran Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio based on stratified simple and ranked set sampling is proposed. The expectation and variance of the estimator are analytically obtained. Using a simulation study, the estimator based on stratified ranked set sampling is more efficient than its counterpart based on stratified simple random sampling. Finally, the estimator's performance is investigated by using base deficit data.

Human Health During Space Travel: State-Of-The-Art Review, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Nitin Kumar Singh, Richard A Scheuring, Emmanuel Urquieta, Eric M Bershad, Timothy R Macaulay, Scott Kaplin, Carly Dunn, Stephen F Kry, Thais Russomano, Marc Shepanek, Raymond P Stowe, Andrew W Kirkpatrick, Timothy J Broderick, Jean D Sibonga, Andrew G Lee, Brian E Crucian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The field of human space travel is in the midst of a dramatic revolution. Upcoming missions are looking to push the boundaries of space travel, with plans to travel for longer distances and durations than ever before. Both the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and several commercial space companies (e.g., Blue Origin, SpaceX, Virgin Galactic) have already started the process of preparing for long-distance, long-duration space exploration and currently plan to explore inner solar planets (e.g., Mars) by the 2030s. With the emergence of space tourism, space travel has materialized as a potential new, exciting frontier of business, hospitality, …

Rare Diseases And Space Health: Optimizing Synergies From Scientific Questions To Care, Maria Puscas, Gabrielle Martineau, Gurjot Bhella, Penelope E Bonnen, Phil Carr, Robyn Lim, John Mitchell, Matthew Osmond, Emmanuel Urquieta, Jaime Flamenbaum, Giuseppe Iaria, Yann Joly, Étienne Richer, Joan Saary, David Saint-Jacques, Nicole Buckley, Etienne Low-Decarie

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Knowledge transfer among research disciplines can lead to substantial research progress. At first glance, astronaut health and rare diseases may be seen as having little common ground for such an exchange. However, deleterious health conditions linked to human space exploration may well be considered as a narrow sub-category of rare diseases. Here, we compare and contrast research and healthcare in the contexts of rare diseases and space health and identify common barriers and avenues of improvement. The prevalent genetic basis of most rare disorders contrasts sharply with the occupational considerations required to sustain human health in space. Nevertheless small sample …

Menstrual Knowledge And Biosocial Aspects Among The Poumai Adolescents Of Manipur, Northeast India, P.S. Vaveine Pao, S. Yaiphaba Meitei

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

BACKGROUND Menstrual knowledge, hygiene, and perception are often neglected worldwide, especially in smaller and less developed societies, exposing adolescents to menstrual health hazards. Against the poor communication of menstrual health and hygiene, the present paper attempts to assess the attitude, knowledge, and perceptions towards menstruation among Poumai adolescents of Manipur, Northeast India. METHODS It is a cross-sectional study with data collected from 491 Poumai adolescents through a cross-sectional study using a self-structured schedule on menstrual knowledge. RESULTS The mean age of the respondents was 17.11±1.33 years. 73.12% of adolescents did not know about menstruation before attaining menarche. Most of the …

Circadian Circuitry And Glioblastoma: Interactions With Behavior, Carcinogenesis, And Clinical Practice., Anna R. Damato

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary adult brain tumor diagnosed, with a 15-month prognosis using current standard of care treatment which includes chemotherapy with temozolomide (Temodar, TMZ). Chronotherapy, the practice of considering time of day in treating a disease, has been shown to improve outcome in several cancers, but had not been applied to GBM. Previous work in the lab on a cultured murine mesenchymal GBM cell line showed a time-of-day dependent maximum in sensitivity to TMZ corresponding with the daily peak of Bmal1 and trough of Per2 expression, two core clock genes. Based on this finding, we sought …

Methemoglobin Formation Via Nitric Oxide And Comparison Of Methemoglobin, Deoxyhemoglobin, And Ferrous Nitrosyl Hemoglobin As Potential Mri Contrast Agents, Roya Ayati

Theses and Dissertations

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are in widespread use to enhance magnetic resonance angiography images for evaluating vascular pathology. However, there are safety concerns and limitations regarding the use of GBCAs. It has been shown that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity (T1-weighted images) in some of the brain's tissues is higher for patients who had multiple exposures to GBCAs compared to patients who had never had exposure to GBCAs. This implies that GBCAs are not sufficiently removed from body such that GBCAs may potentially have long-term effects on the human body. These potential safety concerns have led to an …

Towards A Machine Learning-Based Digital Twin For Non-Invasive Human Bio-Signal Fusion, Izaldein Al-Zyoud, Fedwa Laamarti, Xiaocong Ma, Diana Tobón, Abdulmotaleb Elsaddik

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

Human bio-signal fusion is considered a critical technological solution that needs to be advanced to enable modern and secure digital health and well-being applications in the metaverse. To support such efforts, we propose a new data-driven digital twin (DT) system to fuse three human physiological bio-signals: heart rate (HR), breathing rate (BR), and blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2). To accomplish this goal, we design a computer vision technology based on the non-invasive photoplethysmography (PPG) technique to extract raw time-series bio-signal data from facial video frames. Then, we implement machine learning (ML) technology to model and measure the bio-signals. We accurately …

The Spectral Sensitivity Of Human Circadian Phase Resetting And Melatonin Suppression To Light Changes Dynamically With Light Duration, Melissa A. St Hilaire, María L. Ámundadóttir, Shadab A. Rahman, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, Melanie Rüger, George C. Brainard, Charles A. Czeisler, Marilyne Andersen, Joshua J. Gooley, Steven W. Lockley

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Human circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral responses to light are mediated primarily by melanopsin-containing intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) but they also receive input from visual photoreceptors. Relative photoreceptor contributions are irradiance- and duration-dependent but results for long-duration light exposures are limited. We constructed irradiance-response curves and action spectra for melatonin suppression and circadian resetting responses in participants exposed to 6.5-h monochromatic 420, 460, 480, 507, 555, or 620 nm light exposures initiated near the onset of nocturnal melatonin secretion. Melatonin suppression and phase resetting action spectra were best fit by a single-opsin template with lambda_max at 481 and 483 …

Determinism V. Free Will & Genetic Evidence Of Addiction In Plea Bargaining And Sentence Mitigation: Conversion Of Incarceration To Probation And Rehabilitation Based On Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (Gars) Test, Kenneth Blum, Paul Mullen, Richard Green

St. Mary's Law Journal

In this Article, Dr. Kenneth Blum and his team present the case of a presently abstinent, thirty-five year old alcoholic (“AG”) who has several convictions for DWI. AG has undergone and continues to be engaged in out-patient substance abuse treatment. He entered treatment before adjudication and was mandated by the court to continue treatment to assist in maintaining sobriety. Treatment included the administration of the Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (“GARS”) Test.

AG was facing a probable five-year sentence for his fifth DWI conviction in Bexar County, Texas. However, because AG’s genetic risk results indicated a genetically induced dopamine dysfunction, hypodopaminergia, …

Integration Of Hadfield Steel Into Modern Body Armor, Jason T. Fridlund

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

The increased lethality of recently fielded projectiles mandates a proportional escalation in armor performance. Recent advancements in ceramic technologies have allowed designers to incorporate harder but more brittle materials into hard armor designs to defeat yet more capable penetrating projectiles. Ceramics suffer from the feature of shattering, however, even when impacted by threats below their design parameters. While this shattering mechanism is used effectively to dissipate energy from high-energy rifle projectiles, it is wasted on low-energy projectiles, and can result in easily damaged lifesaving gear, both of which are undesirable in combat. In contrast, steel body armor has been used …

Blue Origin's Suborbital Research: Messi/Mcximus, Pedro Llanos, Sathya Gangadharan

Faculty Research Projects

The following studies were conducted with Co-PIs Dr. Sathya Gangadharan (ERAU) and Kristina Andrijauskaite (University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio [UTHSCSA]).

MESSI Summary: This project was ERAU's second suborbital payload aboard Blue Origin’s New Shepard launched May 2, 2019. We analyzed the effects of suborbital flight stressors and various light conditions (red, white, no light) on the Arthrospira platensis, commonly known as Spirulina, aboard Blue Origin’s New Shepard launch vehicle. Commercially available cyanobacterium species were cultivated and closely monitored in mother colonies several months before the flight. The aim was to estimate biomass production and growth as …

December 7, 2022 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

Nursing Considerations For Post-Traumatic Amnesia After A Traumatic Brain Injury, Hannah Grant

Senior Honors Theses

A period known as post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) often follows a traumatic brain injury (TBI). PTA is characterized by anterograde and retrograde amnesia, confusion, disorientation, and agitation. The duration and severity of PTA is a key indicator of the long-term prognosis after a TBI, so proper assessment and nursing care of a PTA patient is crucial. TBIs range from mild to severe, but primarily affect the fronto-temporal lobes. In PTA, both neural lesions and white matter damage within the parahippocampal region can cause PTA. A nurse must perform a thorough assessment of a TBI patient, but, since PTA is a key …

Wrongful Improvers As A Guiding Principle For Application Of The Ftc’S Ip Deletion Requirement, Emma Elder

Washington Law Review

The 2021 Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigation into cloud storage app developer Everalbum resulted in a consent decree that required Everalbum to delete not only unlawfully collected data, but also algorithms created using that data. The FTC had imposed this kind of penalty only once before. Questions remain about how the FTC will apply this so-called intellectual property (IP) deletion requirement in the future. This Comment argues that situations where companies develop intellectual property from misappropriated consumer data are analogous to cases where courts seek to apply the property law rule of the wrongful improver, i.e., where one party knowingly …

Use Of The Nursing Practice Grade As A Predictor Of Registered Nurse Examination First Attempt Pass Rate Of Baccalaureate Nursing Graduates, Shu-Ying Fu, Jen-Hung Wang, Jiin-Ling Jiang

Journal of Medical Education

Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether the nursing practice grade can serve as a predictor of pass rate for the first attempt of the Registered Nurse (RN) Examination of baccalaureate nursing graduates. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect data from the Nursing Practice Management System in one university. Data covered the grades of various nursing practice courses of students who graduated from 2015 to 2019. All the students had completed the required nine nursing practice courses. The outcome was pass/ fail in the first attempt of the RN examination. Results: Among a total of 260 students, most …

Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Dependent Mechanisms Of Cardiovascular Adaptation To Chronic Exercise., Sean Raph

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Exercise increases cardiac workload, escalating the demand for oxygen. The myocardial vasculature responds to the greater demand for oxygen by increasing blood flow to match the needs of the heart during augmented work. Increasing blood flow requires the coronary arteries dilate (a.k.a. vasodilation); this is mediated predominantly by vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation. Vasodilation is driven through inhibition of calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells. The prevention of calcium influx is largely mediated by efflux of potassium via potassium channels causing membrane hyperpolarization, which in turn closes voltage-dependent (or gated) calcium channels (VDCC). Changes in vascular smooth muscle cell …

Worried Sick: Understanding The Implications Of Stress On A Physiological Level, Julia Saia

Senior Honors Theses

Stress is prevalent among many individuals in today’s society. A literature review was conducted to investigate the physiological effects of stress, including the biomarkers of stress and how these interact with various body systems. The stress response is a protective mechanism to prepare the body to adequately respond to a perceived threat. However, when this response is prolonged, it begins to have a maladaptive effect on the body and can cause more harm than good. This literature review sought to compile what is known regarding the general effects of chronic stress and its impact on the nervous, immune, digestive, and …

Comprehensive Genetic Analysis Of The Human Lipidome Identifies Loci Associated With Lipid Homeostasis With Links To Coronary Artery Disease, Gemma Cadby, Corey Giles, Phillip E. Melton, Kevin Huynh, Natalie A. Mellett, Thy Duong, Anh Nguyen, Michelle Cinel, Alex Smith, Gavriel Olshansky, Tingting Wang, Marta Brozynska, Mike Inouye, Nina S. Mccarthy, Amir Ariff, Joseph Hung, Jennie Hui, John Beilby, Marie Pierre Dubé, Gerald F. Watts, Sonia Shah, Naomi R. Wray, Wei Ling Florence Lim, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Ian Martins, Simon M. Laws, Tenielle Porter, Michael Vacher, Ashley I. Bush, Christopher C. Rowe, Victor L. Villemagne, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Kevin Taddei, Matthias Arnold, Gabi Kastenmüller, Kwangsik Nho, Andrew J. Saykin, Xianlin Han, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Ralph N. Martins, John Blangero, Peter J. Meikle, Eric K. Moses

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We integrated lipidomics and genomics to unravel the genetic architecture of lipid metabolism and identify genetic variants associated with lipid species putatively in the mechanistic pathway for coronary artery disease (CAD). We quantified 596 lipid species in serum from 4,492 individuals from the Busselton Health Study. The discovery GWAS identified 3,361 independent lipid-loci associations, involving 667 genomic regions (479 previously unreported), with validation in two independent cohorts. A meta-analysis revealed an additional 70 independent genomic regions associated with lipid species. We identified 134 lipid endophenotypes for CAD associated with 186 genomic loci. Associations between independent lipid-loci with coronary atherosclerosis were …

Integrative Physiology-Coupled Pilot-Centered Flight Simulation, Shawn C. Harrison

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Maintaining the pilot’s physiological performance envelope within the limits of human capabilities may be crucial for avoiding hazardous physiological episodes in fighter aircraft that compromise safety. The main physiological episode of interest is impaired pilot respiration, better known as hypoxia caused by a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) at high altitudes and variation in accelerative gravitational forces (g-forces). Integrated into fighter aircraft is an Onboard Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS) developed to mitigate the necessity of gaseous and liquid oxygen cannisters [1]. OBOGS act as a life support in hypoxic environments by providing oxygen-rich air, thereby oxygenating the …

Development And Characterization Of Forcespinning® Mesquite Gum Nanofibers, Cristobal Rodriguez, Victoria Padilla, Karen Lozano, Alexa Villarreal, Luis A. Materon, Robert Gilkerson

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

In this study, nanofibers incorporating Prosopis glandulosa mesquite gum (MG) exudate combined with biodegradable polymers, pullulan (PL) and chitosan (CH), were produced via the Forcespinning® technique. The nonwoven composite membranes were characterized via scanning electron microscopy followed by thermogravimetric and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. MG nanofiber composites comprised long, continuous fibers with an average fiber diameter of 523 ± 180 nm and 760 ± 225 nm for 18.1 and 28 wt% of MG, respectively. These composite membranes were water-stable after crosslinking via heat treatment with a ∼3 % water absorption capacity, and demonstrated a thermal capability with an increasing …

Hemodynamic And Mechanical Responses In The Brachial, Common Carotid, And Internal Carotid Arteries To A Maximal Strength Test In Males And Females, Gabriel Hernandez, Michael Diaz, Zaria Opara, Lavleen Sandhu, Octavia Gosnell, Louise Kelly, Jie Liu, Allan Knox

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maximal voluntary contraction during an exercise test elicits robust sympathetic output in response to the physiological stress that is associated with maximal strength testing. The one-repetition maximum test (1RM) is a validated method to assess muscular strength, with varying responses between males and females. However, the vascular response of such testing in males and females is not clear. PURPOSE: To determine the hemodynamic and mechanical responses of the brachial (BA), common carotid (CCA), and internal carotid (ICA) arteries following a 1RM in males and females. METHODS: College-aged (22.5 ± 3.1 yrs) males (n=13) and females (n=16) who were …

Modeling The Oxidative Metabolic Breakdown Of Ethanol And Its Effects On The Cardiovascular System, Jessica F. Farfan, Allan Knox, Grady Hanrahan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Chronic ethanol consumption contributes to the global prevalence’s of cardiovascular disease by mechanisms involving an inflammatory response and consequent lipid peroxidation. Cytochrome p450 is a part of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) and can utilize iron complexes and the reductant NADPH to catalyze the breakdown of acute/chronic ethanol consumption. However, efficacy of MEOS to prevent cardiovascular burden induced by ethanol consumption is not clear. PURPOSE: To demonstrate the response of the cardiovascular system in response to the oxidative metabolic breakdown of ethanol via MEOS. METHODS: An extensive literature search provided data to develop a mechanistic model of the metabolism …

Body Composition And Performance Associations With Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamics And Stiffness Indices In Males And Females, Lavleen Sandhu, Zaria Opara, Michael Diaz, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnell, Louise Kelly Phd, Allan Knox Phd, Jie Liu Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sex differences in physiological parameters are being increasingly recognized as a robust prognostic factor in individuals at risk or suffering from cardiovascular disease. Body composition and physical performance measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are strongly associated with overall vascular health. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if body composition and physical performance measures were related to common carotid artery (CCA) hemodynamics and stiffness in males and females. METHODS: College-aged males and females who were free from cardiovascular risk factors performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO_2max) via indirect calorimetry and a maximal leg strength …

Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamic And Stiffness Responses To Acute And Repeated Bouts Of High Intensity Cardiorespiratory And Resistance Exercise, Zaria S. Opara, Michael Diaz, Lavleen Sandhu, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnel, Louise Kelly Ph.D, Jie Liu Md, Ph.D, Allan Knox Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High intensity exercise is a popular mode of physical activity amongst professional and recreational athletes. The physiological stress induced by intense cardiorespiratory and muscular strengthening exercise has clinically relevant cardiovascular benefits. However, the immediate cerebrovascular response to acute and repeated bouts of intense exercise has yet to be determined. PURPOSE: To observe the hemodynamic and stiffness indexes of the common carotid artery (CCA) in response to acute and repeated bouts of cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise. METHODS: Participants (n=28) performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO_2max), leg strength test (1RM), a sprint interval session (SIS, all out …