Digital Commons Network^™

Dentistry Where There Is No Dentist: A Retrospective Analysis Of Urgent Dental Care Reported Through The British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit (Basmu), 2015 – 2020, Ewen Mccoll, Robert Witton, Tanya Lommerse, Matt Warner

Peninsula Dental School

AIM: To evaluate the nature of dental related morbidity in British Antarctic Survey (BAS) deployed personnel, and to compare the findings to those in other deployed population groups. Additional aims include outlining the evidence-based approach to further developing a training programme for non-dentists, to manage dental emergencies. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of dental morbidity between 2015 - 2020 reported through the British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit (BASMU) database of dental reported morbidity recorded by deployed medical officers. RESULTS: Analysis and comparison of dental morbidity in deployed personnel to austere environments revealed similarity, in that relatively minor conditions led to the …

Guided Tissue Regeneration In Peri-Radicular Surgery, G Baniulyte, L Burns, K Ali

Peninsula Dental School

Guided tissue regeneration techniques have been available in dentistry for decades. Primarily used for periodontal surgery and implant placement, their usefulness in periapical surgery has been getting increased attention. From the currently available evidence, guided tissue regeneration can improve patient outcomes. As a result, this technique might become more common in the future. Therefore, this review outlines the main uses of guided tissue regeneration and provides a brief summary of evidence surrounding it, with particular focus on periapical surgery.

Strategic Planning In Oral Health Improvement, R. Patel, R. Witton

Peninsula Dental School

No abstract provided.

Depression And Anxiety Are Common Among Patients With Cirrhosis, Ruben Hernaez, Jennifer R Kramer, Aisha Khan, Jessica Phillips, Katharine Mccallister, Kassie Chaffin, Adriana Portela Hernandez, Hannah Fullington, Cynthia Ortiz, James-Michael Blackwell, Adam Loewen, Yan Liu, Jasmin A Tiro, Simon C Lee, Amit G Singal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Depression and anxiety can have negative effects on patients and are important to treat. There have been few studies of their prevalence among patients with cirrhosis. We aimed to characterize the prevalence and risk factors for depression and anxiety in a large multi-center cohort of patients with cirrhosis.

METHODS: We conducted a telephone-based survey of patients with cirrhosis at 3 health systems in the United States (a tertiary-care referral center, a safety net system, and a Veterans hospital) from April through December 2018. Of 2871 patients approached, 1021 (35.6%) completed the survey. Depression and anxiety were assessed …

Foxo1 Is Present In Stomach Epithelium And Determines Gastric Cell Distribution, Wendy M Mckimpson, Taiyi Kuo, Takumi Kitamoto, Sei Higuchi, Jason C Mills, Rebecca A Haeusler, Domenico Accili

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Stomach cells can be converted to insulin-producing cells by Neurog3, MafA, and Pdxl over-expression. Enteroendocrine cells can be similarly made to produce insulin by the deletion of FOXO1. Characteristics and functional properties of FOXO1-expressing stomach cells are not known.

METHODS: Using mice bearing a FOXO1-GFP knock-in allele and primary cell cultures, we examined the identity of FOXO1-expressing stomach cells and analyzed their features through loss-of-function studies with red-to-green fluorescent reporters.

RESULTS: FOXO1 localizes to a subset of Neurog3 and parietal cells. FOXO1 deletion ex vivo or in vivo using Neurog3-cre or Atp4b-cre increased numbers of parietal cells, …

Severe Inflammatory Colitis Related To Encorafenib And Binimetinib Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Aaron G Issac, David Szafron, Dongguang Wei, Jennifer L Mcquade, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Encorafenib, a BRAF kinase inhibitor, in combination with binimetinib, a selective MEK inhibitor have known gastrointestinal adverse events; however, adverse colitis events have not been well studied. We report a case series of 4 patients with melanoma who developed inflammatory colitis after BRAF and MEK inhibition with encorafenib and binimetinib, respectively. In the setting of immune checkpoint inhibitor use, BRAF and MEK inhibitors can cause significant inflammatory colitis with endoscopic patterns of predominant right colon ulcerations. It can lead to significant morbidity and frequent interruption of cancer treatment. Early recognition and prompt intervention are critical to improving patient outcomes.

Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients With Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Kavea Panneerselvam, David Szafron, Rajan N Amin, Dongguang Wei, Dongfeng Tan, Mehmet Altan, Pablo C Okhuysen, Malek Shatila, Gottumukkala Subba Raju, Anusha S Thomas, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), used for the treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies, come with the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Opportunistic infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus [CMV]) mimic irAE symptoms and are understudied in this population. We aimed to describe the incidence, characteristics, treatment and outcomes of CMV infection in ICI-treated patients.

METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of all adult patients who were CMV-positive after ICI therapy between 06/2011 and 05/2020. A CMV-positive non-ICI cohort was matched to the ICI group based on age, sex and cancer type. Variables of interest were collected through electronic medical records. …

Inpatient Coding System And Opportunities For Documentation Optimization: An Interactive Session For Internal Medicine Residents, Lindsey Jordan Gay, Doris Lin, Ziba Colah, Glynda Raynaldo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: The Inpatient Prospective Payment System, the framework for categorization of admissions, is based upon physician documentation leading to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code generation and Medical Severity Diagnosis-Related Group (MS-DRG) assignment. In this curriculum, we introduced internal medicine residents to this inpatient coding framework and its effects on hospital quality metrics and reimbursement. We focused on educating learners about the importance of physicians being proficient in providing thorough and specific clinical documentation to produce appropriate DRG assignment.

METHODS: Internal medicine residents participated in a 90-minute session that introduced the basic framework of inpatient coding, discussed effects of …

An Evidence-Based, Structured, Expert Approach To Selecting Essential Indicators Of Primary Care Quality, Sylvia J Hysong, Kelley Arredondo, Ashley M Hughes, Houston F Lester, Frederick L Oswald, Laura A Petersen, Lechauncy Woodard, Edward Post, Shelly Deperalta, Daniel R Murphy, Jason Mcknight, Karin Nelson, Paul Haidet

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this article is to illustrate the application of an evidence-based, structured performance measurement methodology to identify, prioritize, and (when appropriate) generate new measures of health care quality, using primary care as a case example. Primary health care is central to the health care system and health of the American public; thus, ensuring high quality is essential. Due to its complexity, ensuring high-quality primary care requires measurement frameworks that can assess the quality of the infrastructure, workforce configurations, and processes available. This paper describes the use of the Productivity Measurement and Enhancement System (ProMES) to compile a …

Diagnosis And Interpretation Of Testing For Cat Scratch Disease, Nasim Khalfe, Doris Lin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious disease caused by Bartonella henselae that presents as regional lymphadenopathy which can appear within weeks after a cat scratch. There is no gold standard for diagnosis. Rather, clinicians rely on an amalgam of criteria to make a definitive diagnosis. We describe a case of a 44-year-old woman with six cats who presented with a painful left inguinal mass, had splenic lesions on imaging, and had positive serology but a negative polymerase chain reaction test for B. henselae.

Biomarkers Of Response And Resistance To Palbociclib Plus Letrozole In Patients With Er+/Her2- Breast Cancer, Mitch Dowsett, Lucy Kilburn, Mothaffar F Rimawi, C Kent Osborne, Katherine Pogue-Geile, Yuan Liu, Samuel A Jacobs, Melanie Finnigan, Shannon Puhalla, Andrew Dodson, Vera Martins, Maggie Cheang, Sophie Perry, Chris Holcombe, Nick Turner, Claire Swift, Judith M Bliss, Stephen Johnston

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: To determine (i) the relationship between candidate biomarkers of the antiproliferative (Ki67) response to letrozole and palbociclib alone and combined in ER

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: 307 postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2− primary breast cancer were randomly assigned to neoadjuvant treatment with letrozole for 14 weeks; letrozole for 2 weeks, then letrozole+palbociclib to 14 weeks; palbociclib for 2 weeks, then letrozole+palbociclib to 14 weeks; or letrozole+palbociclib for 14 weeks. Biopsies were taken at baseline, 2 and 14 weeks and surgery at varying times after stopping palbociclib. Immunohistochemical analyses were conducted for Ki67, c-PARP, ER, PgR, RB1, CCNE1, and CCND1.

RESULTS: Higher baselines …

An Unusual Case Of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Sarah Premji, Andreia Barbieri, Christine Roth, Eric M Rohren, Gustavo Rivero, Sravanti P Teegavarapu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare disease entity associated with textured breast implants. Though the clinical course is typically indolent, BIA-ALCL can occasionally invade through the capsule into the breast parenchyma with spread to the regional lymph nodes and beyond including chest wall invasive disease.

CASE: We present the case of a 51-year-old female with a history of bilateral silicone breast implants placed approximately twenty years ago who presented with two months of progressively enlarging right breast mass. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of right breast mass and right axillary lymph node showed CD 30-positive

CONCLUSION: Treatment guidelines …

The Effects Of Glucocorticoids And Immunosuppressants On Cancer Outcomes In Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Sebastian Bruera, Maria E Suarez-Almazor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The emergence of checkpoint inhibitors has created a paradigm shift for the treatment of various malignancies. However, although these therapies are associated with improved survival rates, they also carry the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Moderate to severe irAEs are typically treated with glucocorticoids, sometimes with the addition of immunosuppressants as steroid-sparing therapy. However, it is unclear how glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants may impact cancer survival and the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy on cancer. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants including methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitors, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, …

How The Pandemic Flipped My Perspective On Flipping The Tax Law Classroom, Heather Field

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Discipline Beyond The Schoolhouse Doors: Anti-Black Racism And The Exclusion Of Black Caregiver, Thalia Gonzalez, Paige Joki

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay calls upon the civil rights and education justice communities to expand their vision of school discipline law and policy reform to include the often ignored, yet deeply impacted lives of parents, caregivers, and families. Deploying what critical race theorists define as storytelling or counternarratives, we share Nyla’s story to bring forward an all too common deployment of education laws—flown under a banner of safety, order, maintenance, and well-being of school communities—that reinforce anti-Black racism. In particular, we aim to elevate how embedded and reinforced racism in education law and policy, whether conscious, visble, or explicit, harms Black caregivers …

Experiences Of Paediatric End-Of-Life Simulation In Undergraduate Children’S Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study, Nicola Fielding, Jos M. Latour, Janet Kelsey

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Implantable Doppler Probe As A Vascular Monitoring Device In Kidney Transplant Patients: Investigation Of Use At A Single Center, M. Shahzar Malik, Jacob Akoh, Somaiah Aroori, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Objectives: Vascular complications account for 30% to 35% of total kidney grafts lost during the first 3 months posttransplant. Early detection of vascular complications allows an opportunity for prompt intervention, which is critical to reducing graft loss. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of an implantable Doppler probe as a vascular monitoring device in kidney transplant patients. Materials and Methods: An implantable Doppler probe is used intermittently for postoperative monitoring of kidney transplant patients at our center. In this retrospective study, we analyzed prospectively maintained medical data in which we compared clinical outcomes of kidney transplant recipients who had …

Corrigendum To Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines On The Management Of Pain In Older People – A Summary Report (British Journal Of Pain, (2020), 10.1177/2049463720976155), Patricia Schofield

School of Nursing and Midwifery

In the referenced article, the authorship has been updated and should now read as: Patricia Schofield¹, Margaret Dunham², Denis Martin³, Gary Bellamy⁴, Sally-Anne Francis⁵, Dave Sookhoo⁶, Antonio Bonacaro⁷, Eshtar Hamid⁸, Rebecca Chandler⁹, Aza Abdulla¹⁰, Mike Cumberbatch¹¹, and Roger Knaggs¹² The current affiliation to the authors is as follows: ¹University of Plymouth, UK ²Edinburgh Napier University, UK ³Teesside University, UK ⁴Hammersmith and Fulham Local Authority, UK ⁵Anglia Ruskin University, UK ⁶University of …

The Feasibility And Acceptability Of Digital Technology For Health And Wellbeing In Social Housing Residents In Cornwall: A Qualitative Scoping Study, Sa Buckingham, T Walker, K Morrissey

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of digital technology for improving health and wellbeing in social housing residents living in a deprived area in Cornwall, England. Methods Qualitative scoping study with focus groups and telephone interviews (23 participants in total). Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results Levels of use and experience with digital technology were diverse in this group, ranging from ‘willing and unable’ to ‘expert’ on a self-perceived scale. Overall, participants had positive perceptions of technology and were keen to try new technologies. Five categories of …

Functional Standing Frame Programme Early After Severe Sub-Acute Stroke (Spires): A Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial, Angela Logan, Jennifer Freeman, Bridie Kent, Jill Pooler, Siobhan Creanor, Doyo Enki, Jane Vickery, Andrew Barton, Jonathan Marsden

School of Health Professions

Abstract Background Early mobilisation (> 24 h post-stroke) is recommended for people with stroke. However, there is a paucity of evidence about how to implement early mobilisation for people who have had a severe stroke. Prolonged standing and task-specific training (sit-to-stand repetitions) have separately been evaluated in the literature; however, these functionally linked tasks have not been evaluated in combination for people with severe sub-acute stroke. Methods The objective was to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a functional standing frame programme compared with usual physiotherapy for people with severe sub-acute stroke. An assessor-blinded feasibility …

Core Outcome Set Development For Childhood Epilepsy Treated With Ketogenic Diet Therapy: Results Of A Scoping Review And Parent Interviews, Jennifer H. Carroll, Kirsty J. Martin-Mcgill, J. Helen Cross, Mary Hickson, Emma Williams, Val Aldridge, Avril Collinson

School of Health Professions

PurposeClinical trials on childhood epilepsy treated with ketogenic diet (KD) use a wide range of outcomes, however, patients and decision-makers often do not perceive the outcomes used as the most important. We sought parental opinion on outcomes of importance and compared these to outcomes reported in published research.MethodsEthical approval (London-Surrey-REC19/LO/1680). A scoping review identified outcomes reported in previous studies of childhood epilepsy and KD. Parents were recruited from nine KD centres (UK), charities and social media (international), then interviewed (Jan-April 2020) to explore priority outcomes. Content analysis identified all outcomes in transcripts. Parent identified outcomes were compared with those in …

A Nation That Rebuilds Its Soils Rebuild Itself- An Engineer's Perspective, Karen L. Johnson, Neil D. Gray, Wendy Stone, Bryce F.J. Kelly, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Cathy Clarke, Lynsay Blake, Stephen Chivasa, Florence Mtambanengwe, Paul Mapfumo, Andy Baker, Sabrina Beckmann, Lena Dominelli, Andrew L. Neal, Tariro Gwandu

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Nations can build and rebuild degraded soils to help address climate change and potentially improve the nutritional content of food if we change policies that allow the addition of safe mineral and organic wastes to soil. We present a framework that facilitates the transition from intensive conventional to more regenerative farming practices by considering soil’s natural cycle. Our paper is presented in three parts. Firstly, we consider that ’soil is living’; just like humans, the soil biome needs a balanced diet of macro and micronutrients as well as a nurturing environment. We simplify the soil science and take a systems …

An Exploration Of The Contribution Of Embodied, Situated Research Strategies To Cultural Ecosystem Services And Landscape Assessment Frameworks: An Environmental Empathy Case Study, K Łucznik, Jv Serrano, J Martin

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Since the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005, interest has increased in cultural ecosystem services (CESs) research to understand the complexity of the non-material benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. The intangible and interactive characteris-tics of CESs present many challenges regarding how to approach, quantify and even de-fine CESs. In this paper, we suggest looking at CESs through the lens of embodied and situated cognition theories. We advocate that such an approach should be applied to the development stage of CES research projects, as the embodied and situated experience of the site aids the development of research questions and future interventions. …

Managing Business Relationships For Social Impact: Introduction To The Special Issue, Maciej Mitręga, Dariusz Siemieniako, Krzysztof Kubacki, Stefanos Mouzas

Plymouth Business School

No abstract provided.

The Antecedents To Social Impact In Inter-Organizational Relationships – A Systematic Review And Future Research Agenda, Dariusz Siemieniako, Maciej Mitręga, Krzysztof Kubacki

Plymouth Business School

Although the social impact of businesses is not a new topic, more attention should be paid to the social impact of inter-organizational relationships, both in academia and in practice. This systematic literature review synthesizes current scholarly research, focusing on facilitators and barriers as antecedents to the social impact of inter-organizational relationships. It thus responds to calls in the business-to-business literature for state-of-the-art reviews. From the macro, mezzo, and micro perspectives, we show links between different types of interorganizational relationships and assign specific facilitators and barriers to three groups of countries by income level. We draw on our descriptive and thematic …

Alcohol Misuse In Patients With Alcohol‐Related Liver Disease: How Can We Do Better? A Narrative Review Of The Literature, Jane Horrell, Lynne Callaghan, Ashwin Dhanda

More Faculty of Health Research

Background: Ongoing alcohol use is strongly associated with progressive liver damage and higher mortality in patients with alcohol- related liver disease (ArLD). Reduction in alcohol use is therefore the cornerstone of treatment to improve the long-term outcome of these patients. However, a large proportion of patients continue to use alcohol and do not access or engage with alcohol treatment services after a diagnosis of ArLD. We reviewed the literature on factors associated with ongoing alcohol consumption among patients with ArLD to identify barriers or facilitators to their accessing alcohol treatment.Methods: A search of MEDLINE and EMBASE was conducted using search …

The Neoliberal Game: An Critical Analysis Of Children's Non Competitive Grassroots Football, Grace Gallacher

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses

This thesis explores the propensity for harms throughout children’s non-competitive football. Adopting ethnographic approaches this project follows a team of under 9’s non-competitive team in a SW FA league, it analyses their private social media page and conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with life-long players, parents, coaches and referees. It advances a critical criminology of sport by presenting an alternative framework to Elias and the Civilising process by using contemporary critical criminology, namely ultra-realism and deviant leisure. By using ultra-realism and deviant leisure this study examines the underlying systemic harm which comes from the neoliberal environment of sport, including children’s non-competitive …

Accurate Data: Using Young Adult Science Fiction To Explore The Impacts Of Compulsory Sexuality On Young Ace Lives, N Knight

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses

This thesis uses Young Adult science fiction to explore regulatory systems of compulsory sexuality, and the ways in which the resulting societal norms and values impact the lives and experiences of young ace individuals.

‘People Not Profits’: Hawaiian Cultural Nationalism And Protest Against The United States, 1968-1980, Emily May Hough

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences Theses

Since the early nineteenth century, United States colonialism has transformed the Hawaiian Islands from an independent sovereign nation into an American controlled state. In Hawai’i, colonialism is largely represented through the appropriation of culture, people, and land for the benefit of the tourist industry, in addition to the control of land for military use and urban development. In this study, the ways in which the United States has exploited Hawaiian culture, people, and land and the resulting opposition against it is analysed, to demonstrate the effects of colonialism on Hawai'i and the ways Hawaiian people adapted to resist it. This …

Protocol: Conflict Of Interest Issues When Engaging Stakeholders In Health And Healthcare Guideline Development: A Systematic Review, Joanne Khabsa, Jennifer Petkovic, Alison Riddle, Lyubov Lytvyn, Olivia Magwood, Pearl Atwere, Pauline Campbell, Srinivasa V. Katikireddi, Bronwen Merner, Mona Nasser, Stephanie Chang, Garcia A Jaramillo, Heather Limburg, Jeanne Marie Guise, Peter Tugwell, Elie A. Akl

More Faculty of Health Research

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The overall objective of this study is to gather and summarize the existing literature on conflict of interest issues when engaging stakeholders in guideline development.