Digital Commons Network^™

The Bridwell Quarterly. Issue 15, Spring 2022, Michelle Ried

Bridwell Library Publications

No abstract provided.

"Insanity Is Smashing Up Against My Soul": The Fifth Circuit And Competency To Be Executed Cases After Panetti V. Quarterman, Michael L. Perlin, Talia Roitberg Harmon

Articles & Chapters

One of the open secrets of death penalty law and policy is the astonishingly high percentage of individuals on death row with serious mental disabilities. This is well known to lawyers who represent this cohort (and presumably, equally well known to the district attorneys who nevertheless prosecute them and the judges who try and sentence them), but is not generally discussed in the press nor, certainly, in political discourse. In the aggregate, this is far beneath society’s radar.

It is now over 14 years since the US Supreme Court decided a case that clarified the underlying issues. In Panetti v. …

Reimagine Descriptive Workflows: A Community-Informed Agenda For Reparative And Inclusive Descriptive Practice, Rachel L. Frick, Merrilee Proffitt

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Executive Summary

The Reimagine Descriptive Workflows project convened a group of experts, practitioners, and community members to determine ways of improving descriptive practices, tools, infrastructure, and workflows in libraries and archives. The result, this community agenda, is offered to the broad library and archives community of practice. The agenda draws together insights from the convening, related research, and operational work that is ongoing in the field. All institutions hold power to make meaningful changes in this space, and all share collective responsibility.

The agenda is not a “how-to guide,” but it is constructed to instruct and chart a path toward …

The Social Science Of Institutional Transformation: Intersectional Change In The Academy, Shauna A. Morimoto

Sociology and Criminology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article examines intersectional praxis as an approach to institutional transformation, arguing that intersectionality is both a catalyst for and outcome of gender equity efforts in the social sciences and other academic STEM fields. As such, approaching gender equity intersectionally can be understood as a way that theory and practice are co-constitutive in social science and hence an important aspect of transforming academic institutions. Through a case study of the US National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE program for gender equity in STEM, I look at the development of ADVANCE from an effort to support women in scientific fields to becoming …

Truth Or Consequences (The Deadly Kind): Oath Swearing In Nigerien Customary Law, Thomas A. Kelley Iii

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Gamification On Knowledge Acquisition: Aviation Weather Online Training, Jacqueline Mcsorley

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Due to the high popularity of gaming, researchers have begun to implement aspects of these games into real life (known as gamification). Motivation and engagement may be influenced by certain game mechanics and user types, which then could also impact learning. A gap still exists as to whether leaderboards and narratives impact motivation or engagement when implemented in a non-game context (i.e., an online training program). Studies indicate that aviation weather training for general aviation pilots is underdeveloped, particularly for NEXRAD. In considering the competitive/ goal-oriented nature of pilots, gamification elements such as Achievements and Stories could best motivate pilots-in-training …

“I’M Certainly No Language Police”: Language, Race, And Identity Negotiation Among White K-8 Teachers, Luca Poxon , '22

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

Drawing on concepts from critical race theory and critical whiteness studies, scholarship on raciolinguistics and racial identity, and methods from grounded theory and discourse analysis, this thesis explores the following research questions: 1) How do White teachers of students of color understand language, race, and their own role as raced people teaching language? 2) How do they act on these understandings? Interviews with five White K-8 educators show how particular combinations of understandings of race, language, and self produce raciolinguistic and pedagogical tensions; these include knowing that the concept of “academic language” is racialized and power-laden while also believing that …

The Potential Growth Of Synchronized Skating In The Midwestern Section Of Us Figure Skating, Hanna Marie Fussman

Masters Theses

Synchronized skating, a sport in which eight to twenty skaters perform a program in unison as a team, is the fastest growing yet least known and recognized discipline of figure skating in the United States. Skaters do not have control over whether they are exposed to synchronized skating due to their location not having a team, or due to a coach who has tainted the perception of their students to believe that synchronized skating is not as “worthy” of a discipline, causing them to have little to no interest to take advantage of the exposure and opportunities they may have. …

Cultivating Meaningful Consultation And Collaboration: Tribal Environmental Protection In Michigan, Zachary Reed

Masters Theses

In the year 2022, there are 12 federally reaffirmed Native American tribes in Michigan. These tribes all maintain natural resource departments to manage tribal environments. Indigenous groups have a rich history of protection and understanding of the natural world. This connection to land and water has been systematically challenged through patterns of colonialism. Through policy making, revitalization efforts and environmental ethics, the State of Michigan has been improved by tribal natural resource departments. But, while the United States and the State of Michigan recognizes tribal sovereignty, meaningful tribal consultation is inadequate. Through collaborative interviews, historical sources, and contemporary evidence, this …

Exploring The Bedrock For Earth Jurisprudence, Maria Antonia Tigre

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

This article calls for a reassessment of our core beliefs on how we relate to the environment through a deep dive into the philosophical foundations of environmental protection. With this purpose, it shows how Earth-centered discourses have existed in human societies and civilizations for millennia. Different religious and philosophical underpinnings all share a view of humanity as an integral part of an organic whole, revering all living things. While recent developments in jurisprudence may appear novel, they are somewhat latent and emergent. Theories of land ethics, rights of nature, Earth-centered environmental ethics, wild law, and Earth jurisprudence all build on …

The Greatest Conceived Being: A Trinitarian Response To Islamic Objections, Sherene Nicholas Khouri

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The Islamic golden age under the Abbasids opened up the opportunity for Christian thinkers to present several apologies for the doctrine of the Trinity in Islamic context. This study examines the status of the Arabic church in the eighth to tenth centuries, especially the trinitarian apologies of John of Damascus, Theodore Abū Qurrah, and Yaḥyā Ibn ‘Adi against Islamic misunderstanding of the Trinity and its probable cause, in order to come up with trinitarian apologetics that answer Islamic objections and that will be useful for the present day. While both Christians and Muslims agree that human beings will never be …

Estimating E-Scooter Traffic Flow Using Big Data To Support Planning For Micromobility, Feng Chen, Junfeng Jiao, Haofeng Wang

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Dockless e-scooter sharing, as a new shared micromobility service, has quickly gained popularity in recent years. In this paper, we present a practical approach to estimating e-scooter flow patterns without knowing the actual routes taken by the e-scooter riders. Our method takes advantage of a huge open dataset that contains the origins and destinations of millions of trips. We show that our models can help cities better support the emerging shared micromobility service. The additional information generated in the modeling process can also be useful for a more refined analysis of e-scooter trips.

Standardized Health Data And Research Exchange (Share): Promoting A Learning Health System., Sierra Davis, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, William Feaster, Jeffrey Hackman, Hiroki Morizono, Saravanan Kanakasabai, Abu Saleh Mohammad Mosa, Jerry Parker, Gary Iwamoto, Nisha Patel, Gary Gasparino, Natalie Kane, Mark A. Hoffman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Aggregate de-identified data from electronic health records (EHRs) provide a valuable resource for research. The Standardized Health data and Research Exchange (SHaRE) is a diverse group of US healthcare organizations contributing to the Cerner Health Facts (HF) and Cerner Real-World Data (CRWD) initiatives. The 51 facilities at the 7 founding organizations have provided data about more than 4.8 million patients with 63 million encounters to HF and 7.4 million patients and 119 million encounters to CRWD. SHaRE organizations unmask their organization IDs and provide 3-digit zip code (zip3) data to support epidemiology and disparity research. SHaRE enables communication between members, …

The Relationship Between Eviction, Rent Burden, And Poor Births In Kalamazoo County, Michigan, Joseph Agati

Masters Theses

Millions of Americans get evicted every year, with thousands coming from Kalamazoo County, Michigan alone. Additionally, many more live with rent burden, paying over 30% of their monthly income on rent. Both eviction and rent burden have been linked to adverse health effects, such as depression and anxiety, and negative coping mechanisms, such as alcoholism and smoking. This study asks if eviction and rent burden are correlated with poor births in Kalamazoo County as there are hundreds of poor births in the county every year, as well as which social vulnerability themes are most predictive of eviction and poor births. …

Community School Implementation, Melanie Blea

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

A community school model is one way that struggling schools can restructure under the 2015 Every Student Succeeds Act. Schools operate under the idea that the needs of the whole child must be met before academic advancement can begin. Implementation of a community school model includes obtaining feedback from all stakeholder groups in a school community (students, staff, parents, and community organizations) and examining data to make collective decisions that generate shared responsibility and accountability. The four pillars of a community school (integrated student supports, expanded learning time and opportunities, family and community engagement, and collaborative leadership and practices) …

Recent Trends In Digital Library Publications: A Scientometric Analysis, Rajashekhar Mahadevagouda, Pavithrabai M. S

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study seeks to illustrate the most current trends in digital library research via the use of scientometrics. The study of scientific networks is important in many scientific domains. A social network with many nodes and connections serves as the foundation for scientific network research. Nodes include authors, publications, and journals, while linkages include citations, cocitations, and coauthorship. Data was collected from the Scopus abstracting and citation database for the period of ten years from 2012 to 2021. The most relevant 1957 documents were chosen from the collection, and selected documents were analyzed using Biblioshny and VOSviewer. The research showed …

Understanding How To Promote Healthy Dietary Habits Among Parents Of Adolescents, Jazmine D. Collins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Adolescents in the United States today have record-high prevalence rates for childhood obesity and overweight, which are conditions that have lifelong negative health consequences for individuals, and also carry high financial and social costs for the entire nation. The disproportionate burden of obesity and associated health conditions falls on adolescents of racial and ethnic minority group identities and from lower-income households. The increased risk that adolescents have for developing conditions like childhood obesity is closely associated with youth having diets that are unhealthier than in the past. Parents have a large influence on the eating habits and preferences of their …

Facilitators To Becoming And Remaining Open Defecation Free In Uganda: Implications For Community-Led Total Sanitation Programming, Danette Lee Cagnet

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Poor sanitation behaviors, including open defecation, present risks for diarrhea, which is credited with 600,000 deaths a year in children under age five. Although CLTS is a solution to ending open defecation, more than half of the investment in producing open defecation free (ODF) communities is lost during the maintenance phase. The purpose of this qualitative, case study was to understand stakeholder perceptions of the facilitators and hindrances to becoming ODF certified and maintaining ODF status and sanitary behaviors in a small village community located in Uganda, East Africa. The researcher held individual interviews and in-person focus group discussions to …

Assessment Of Natural Hazards Impact On Heritage Sites In The United Arab Emirates (Uae) Using Geographic Information System (Gis), Abdulla Salem Ahmed Saeed Alyammahi

Theses

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) pays significant attention to preserving its heritage sites and archaeological finds and treats them as a vital part of its culture, history, and economy. In recent years, the field of archaeology in the UAE has witnessed tangible and significant developments, with many government initiatives being devoted to establishing archaeological departments in all emirates. The firmly stated policy of these institutions is to preserve the UAE heritage sites and educate the public about their importance. However, these sites are vulnerable to natural hazards, considered one of the most critical threats to the UAE heritage sites. In …

Unconstitutional State Special Laws: Is Rational Basis Review The Rational Solution?, Chloe Slusher

Missouri Law Review

For centuries, scholars, judges, and lawmakers have argued over the role of the judiciary in striking down laws created by a democratically elected legislature. This problem has come to be known as the “Countermajoritarian Difficulty.” The famous Carolene Products footnote offers one widely accepted answer to the Countermajoritarian Difficulty. It stipulates that the judiciary should only invalidate laws that violate fundamental rights specified in the Constitution, disadvantage discrete or insular minorities, or undermine the political process. This approach promised judicial deference and allowed the legislature to create economic regulations. Debates on this subject typically involve federal courts. However, the Supreme …

Urban Flood Risk And Green Infrastructure: Who Is Exposed To Risk And Who Benefits From Investment? A Case Study Of Three U.S. Cities, Arun K. Pallathadka, Jason Sauer, Heejun Chang, Nancy B. Grimm

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

Pluvial flooding is a serious hazard in inland U.S. cities. City managers and communities are increasingly interested in reducing their pluvial flood risk through the development of green infrastructure (GI) features. This research explores the relationship between pluvial flood exposure and GI placement in three inland cities– Atlanta, Phoenix, and Portland–and analyzes the variation of sociodemographic variables in census block groups (CBG) located in pluvial flood zones. Using the Arc-Malstrøm method, we estimated areas of pluvial flooding in the CBGs of our selected cities by relating pluvial flood area to the density of GI in CBGs and assigning CBGs one …

Midlife Vascular Factors And Prevalence Of Mild Cognitive Impairment In Late-Life In Mexico, Miguel Arce Renteria, Jennifer J. Manly, Jet M. J. Vonk, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Alejandra Michaels Obregon, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Rebeca Wong, Sandra Barral, Giuseppe Tosto

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes and investigate the impact of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on late-life MCI among the aging Mexican population.

Method: Analyses included a sample of non-demented adults over the age of 55 living in both urban and rural areas of Mexico (N = 1807). MCI diagnosis was assigned based on a comprehensive cognitive assessment assessing the domains of memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial ability. The normative sample was selected by means of the robust norms approach. Cognitive impairment was defined by a 1.5-SD cut-off per cognitive domain using …

Transboundary Aquifers, Raya Marina Stephan, Alice Aureli, Aurélien Dumont, Annukka Lipponen, Sarah Tiefenauer-Linardon, Christina Fraser, Alfonso Rivera, Shammy Puri, Stefano Burchi, Gabriel Eckstein, Christian Brethaut, Ziad Khayat, Karen Villholth, Lesha Witmer, Renee Martin-Nagle, Anita Milman, Francesco Sindico, James Dalton

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter gives an overview of the status of transboundary aquifers and the cooperation related to shared groundwater resources, highlighting the complexity of the assessment, analysis and management of these systems. It summarizes the main challenges regarding transboundary aquifers and the need for more comprehensive and integrated management, which would include technical, legal and organizational aspects as well as training and cooperation.

Water Quality Adjacent To Swine Slurry Holding Ponds Associated With A Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation, Andrew Sharpley, James Burke, Kristofor Brye, Larry Berry, Phillip Hays, Mike Daniels, Karl Vandevender, Tim Glover, Brian Haggard

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Environmental concerns exist over extended storage of liquid animal waste in outdoor holding ponds before land application, particularly in regions with underlying karst geology. To determine the effects of holding ponds on water quality, belowground interceptor trenches, groundwater (well), and a downslope ephemeral stream were monitored for water quality parameters. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations increased (p < .0001) in well and ephemeral stream samples but decreased in trench samples (Trench 1 with a p < .0001) near the swine production facility and holding ponds over a 5-yr monitoring period (April 2014–June 2019). In contrast, chloride, which is a conservative element that can move freely through the soil without chemical, physical, or biological modification, and electrical conductivity decreased (p < .0001 to .0203) over the monitoring period in well and Trench 1 samples. Flow in the interceptor trenches was highly responsive to rainfall, suggesting the trenches were mainly capturing shallow subsurface flows initiated by rainfall. A lack of any increasing trend in chloride and electrical conductivity for ephemeral stream, well, or trench samples suggests that elevated nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in well and ephemeral stream samples may have been influenced by sources other than the liquid manure holding ponds (i.e., sources that have low chloride and electrical conductivity values). In regions with underlying karst geology, surface and subsurface water resources may require more expansive monitoring to demonstrate liquid manure holding ponds effects on nearby water quality.

Transnational Migrant Deterrence, Anita Sinha

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The governance of global migration increasingly relies on what critical migration scholarship refers to as externalized control. Externalization encompasses limiting human mobility through the imposition of migration control measures by transit states, as well as by states that are geographically proximate to destination states. Destination states are at a minimum complicit in the creation and operation of these externalized migration control systems. To capture this phenomenon, this Article offers a reconceptualization of externalization as transnational migration deterrence. The objective ofthis nomenclature is to provide a framework that highlights the role of destination states, to build a lexicon of accountability for …

"It's Okay To Not Be Okay": The 2021 Survey Of Law Student Well-Being, David Jaffe, Katherine M. Bender, Jerome Organ

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The Survey of Law Student Well-Being, implemented in Spring 2014 [hereinafter "2014 SLSWB"], was the first multi-law school study in over twenty years to assess alcohol and drug use among law students, and it was the first multi-law school study ever to address prescription drug use, mental health, and help-seeking attitudes. The article summarizing the results of the 2014 SLSWB has been downloaded over 12,000 times.

With a desire to learn what has changed since 2014 given the increased emphasis on law student and lawyer well-being among law schools and legal professionals, the authors sought and received grant funding from …

Atmospheric Transport Of Microplastics During A Dust Storm, Sajjad Abbasi, Mahrooz Rezaei, Farnaz Ahmadi, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Dust storms are common events in arid and semi-arid regions that have a wide range of impacts on the environment and human health. This study addresses the presence, characteristics and potential sources of microplastics (MPs) in such events by analysing MPs deposited with dust particles in the metropolis of Shiraz, southwest Iran, following an intense storm in May 2018. At 22 locations throughout the city, MP concentrations on a number basis ranged from 0.04 to 1.06 per g of dust (median = 0.31 MP g−1). Particles were mainly fibrous, with a mean diameter of about 20 μm and >60% under …

Microplastics In The Atmosphere Of Ahvaz City, Iran, Sajjad Abbasi, Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh, Amir Zahedi, Maryam Ravanbakhsh, Somayeh Abbaszadeh, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Airborne particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic size cutoff of 10 µm (PM10) has been collected using a high volume air sampler at two locations (urban and residential) in the city of Ahvaz, Iran, for sixteen 24-hour periods over four months (late summer to early winter). Microplastics (MPs) in the PM were isolated after sample digestion and were subsequently characterised by established techniques. All MPs sampled (n = 322) were of a fibrous nature, with polyethylene terephthalate, nylon and polypropylene being the dominant polymers and consistent with textiles and fabrics as the principal source. Despite a distinct seasonality (temperature and …

Mid-Holocene European Climate Revisited: New High-Resolution Regional Climate Model Simulations Using Pollen-Based Land-Cover, Gustav Strandberg, J Lindstrom, Anneli Poska, Qiong Zhang, Ralph Fyfe, Esther Githumbi, E Kjellstrom, Florenze Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Jessie Woodbridge, Marie José Gaillard

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

How Covid-19 Has Affected Staffing Models In Intensive Care: A Qualitative Study Examining Alternative Staffing Models (Seismic), Ruth Endacott, Susie Pearce, Pamela Rae, Annette Richardson, Suzanne Bench, Natalie Pattison

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.