Digital Commons Network^™

Dynamic Targeting Enables Domain-General Inhibitory Control Over Action And Thought By The Prefrontal Cortex, Dace Apšvalka, Catarina S. Ferreira, Taylor W. Schmitz, James B. Rowe, Michael C. Anderson

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Over the last two decades, inhibitory control has featured prominently in accounts of how humans and other organisms regulate their behaviour and thought. Previous work on how the brain stops actions and thoughts, however, has emphasised distinct prefrontal regions supporting these functions, suggesting domain-specific mechanisms. Here we show that stopping actions and thoughts recruits common regions in the right dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex to suppress diverse content, via dynamic targeting. Within each region, classifiers trained to distinguish action-stopping from action-execution also identify when people are suppressing their thoughts (and vice versa). Effective connectivity analysis reveals that both prefrontal regions …

Author Correction: Fam222a Encodes A Protein Which Accumulates In Plaques In Alzheimer’S Disease (Nature Communications, (2020), 11, 1, (411), 10.1038/S41467-019-13962-0), Tingxiang Yan, Jingjing Liang, Ju Gao, Luwen Wang, Hisashi Fujioka, Michael W. Weiner, Norbert Schuff, Howard J. Rosen, Bruce L. Miller, David Perry, Paul Aisen, Arthur W. Toga, Gustavo Jimenez, Michael Donohue, Devon Gessert, Kelly Harless, Jennifer Salazar, Yuliana Cabrera, Sarah Walter, Lindsey Hergesheimer, Arthur W. Toga, Karen Crawford, Scott Neu, Lon S. Schneider, Sonia Pawluczyk, Mauricio Becerra, Liberty Teodoro, Bryan M. Spann, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Elizabeth Finger

Neuroscience Institute Publications

In the original version of the manuscript, the image shown in Figure 4g, bottom row (Aβ1–42 + rAggregatin), under “6h” was incorrect. This image incorrectly showed the same sample as shown in the original Figure 4g, top row (Aβ1–42), under “0.5h”. The correct version of figure 4g is as follows: (Figure presented.) which replaces the previous incorrect version: (Figure presented.).

Dissociation Of Tau Pathology And Neuronal Hypometabolism Within The Atn Framework Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Michael Tran Duong, Sandhitsu R. Das, Xueying Lyu, Long Xie, Hayley Richardson, Sharon X. Xie, Paul A. Yushkevich, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John C. Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gustavo Jimenez-Maggiora, Danielle Harvey, Matthew Bernstein, Nick Fox

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined by amyloid (A) and tau (T) pathologies, with T better correlated to neurodegeneration (N). However, T and N have complex regional relationships in part related to non-AD factors that influence N. With machine learning, we assessed heterogeneity in 18F-flortaucipir vs. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as markers of T and neuronal hypometabolism (NM) in 289 symptomatic patients from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We identified six T/NM clusters with differing limbic and cortical patterns. The canonical group was defined as the T/NM pattern with lowest regression residuals. Groups resilient to T had less hypometabolism than expected …

Whole-Brain Modelling Identifies Distinct But Convergent Paths To Unconsciousness In Anaesthesia And Disorders Of Consciousness, Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A.M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard, Guy B. Williams, Michael M. Craig, Paola Finoia, Alexander R.D. Peattie, Peter Coppola, Adrian M. Owen, Lorina Naci, David K. Menon, Daniel Bor, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis

Neuroscience Institute Publications

The human brain entertains rich spatiotemporal dynamics, which are drastically reconfigured when consciousness is lost due to anaesthesia or disorders of consciousness (DOC). Here, we sought to identify the neurobiological mechanisms that explain how transient pharmacological intervention and chronic neuroanatomical injury can lead to common reconfigurations of neural activity. We developed and systematically perturbed a neurobiologically realistic model of whole-brain haemodynamic signals. By incorporating PET data about the cortical distribution of GABA receptors, our computational model reveals a key role of spatially-specific local inhibition for reproducing the functional MRI activity observed during anaesthesia with the GABA-ergic agent propofol. Additionally, incorporating …

National Identity Predicts Public Health Support During A Global Pandemic, Jay J. Van Bavel, Aleksandra Cichocka, Valerio Capraro, Hallgeir Sjåstad, John B. Nezlek, Tomislav Pavlović, Mark Alfano, Michele J. Gelfand, Flavio Azevedo, Michèle D. Birtel, Aleksandra Cislak, Patricia L. Lockwood, Robert Malcolm Ross, Koen Abts, Elena Agadullina, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Sahba Nomvula Besharati, Alexander Bor, Becky L. Choma, Charles David Crabtree, William A. Cunningham, Koustav De, Waqas Ejaz, Christian T. Elbaek, Andrej Findor, Daniel Flichtentrei, Renata Franc, Biljana Gjoneska, June Gruber, Estrella Gualda

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 …

Frontoparietal Connectivity As A Product Of Convergent Evolution In Rodents And Primates: Functional Connectivity Topologies In Grey Squirrels, Rats, And Marmosets, David J. Schaeffer, Kyle M. Gilbert, Miranda Bellyou, Afonso C. Silva, Stefan Everling

Neuroscience Institute Publications

Robust frontoparietal connectivity is a defining feature of primate cortical organization. Whether mammals outside the primate order, such as rodents, possess similar frontoparietal functional connectivity organization is a controversial topic. Previous work has primarily focused on comparing mice and rats to primates. However, as these rodents are nocturnal and terrestrial, they rely much less on visual input than primates. Here, we investigated the functional cortical organization of grey squirrels which are diurnal and arboreal, thereby better resembling primate ecology. We used ultra-high field resting-state fMRI data to compute and compare the functional connectivity patterns of frontal regions in grey squirrels …

Won't You Be My Senator?: Nuanced “Friends And Neighbors” Voting In U.S. Senate Elections, 1968–2018, Charles R. Hunt

Political Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent experimental scholarship shows that local “place identity” continues to matter to voters' assessments of candidates, echoing early findings by Key (1949) and others demonstrating electoral boosts in candidates’ home areas. But it is yet to reexamine these “friends-and-neighbors” effects in the observational context, nor does it parse differences between effects of local candidate roots and current candidate residency. This paper closes these gaps using an original county-level dataset of incumbent reelection races for the U.S. Senate from 1968 to 2018 (N = ∼34,000 county-years). I show that the friends-and-neighbors effect is more nuanced than previously thought, applying to candidate …

Lot 12, Nina Martinez, Special Collections, Fleet Library

9th Baker & Whitehill Student Artists' Book Contest 2023

Entry for the 9th Annual Baker & Whitehill Student Artists' Book Contest. Opening Reception Thursday, March 02, 2023, Fleet Library, Main Reading Room. Juror: Andre Lee Bassuet.

Using Orsim Technology To Educate Anesthesia Providers On Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: An Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation, Luke Anderson Leblanc, Selby Reed Thames

Doctoral Projects

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) is an essential skill that has been used for years by healthcare providers for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The basic components of a fiberoptic bronchoscope include a light source, fiber optics (thin, flexible fibers with a glass core that light can pass through), and a camera (Qanash et al., 2020). The light source and camera work together to enhance the ability of the healthcare provider to visualize the anatomic and physiologic structures and mechanisms while the fiber optics provide a passageway through which the light source can shine. To enhance the effective use of a fiberoptic bronchoscope …

Blind Spot: Implicit Bias In Health Care And Its Awareness Among Nursing Students At The University Of Southern Mississippi, Debora Skaliks

Doctoral Projects

While prejudice and bias are eminent topics in our society, implicit bias or unconscious bias is not as easily detected. Even though implicit bias may be a familiar concept to many, numerous healthcare workers frequently do not recognize the extent of harm such biases can impose on patients' health and outcomes. The Blind Spot DNP project exposed in this research paper explores the relentless question of the correlation between implicit bias awareness, implicit bias education, and its impact on health care. This Doctor of Nursing Project (DNP) project aimed to analyze whether implicit bias education and testing could increase unconscious …

Where Are We On This Path? Faculty Experiences Working With Guided Pathways, Christopher Tombari

Dissertations

In this research study, 14 faculty from 13 community colleges were interviewed about their experiences working within the guided pathways framework. They described how processes and procedures at their colleges were modified in significant ways after adopting guided pathways. Viewed through the lens of institutional logics, data suggested that multiple logics interacted and framed the individuals’ perceptions of guided pathways and their opinions regarding the resulting changes to practice. Where logics coexisted and demonstrated complementary values, guided pathways was viewed favorably. Guided pathways elicited negative reactions where logics coexisted in conflict. This research has implications for college leadership considering implementing …

Investigating Novice Nurses’ Perceptions Of Academic Dishonesty During Nursing Education, Christy Michelle Gough

Dissertations

Academic dishonesty in nursing education has been an ongoing concern to the nursing profession for many decades. There is a concern that students who engage in academic dishonesty in the classroom setting might also engage in dishonest behaviors in the professional setting. Many studies in the literature explored nursing students’ perceptions of academic dishonesty during nursing education; however, there was limited literature on novice nurses’ perceptions of academic dishonesty and its impact on the nursing profession. Novice nurses provided the voice of recent nursing students as well as the voice of a professional nurse. The purpose of this qualitative study …

Text And Image Frames Affect Message's Sharing And Acceptance Of Social Media Users, Xin Sa

ETD Archive

No abstract provided.

Utilizing Simulated Vehicle Trajectory Data From Connected Vehicles To Characterize Performance Measures On An Arterial After An Impactful Incident, Norris Kamugisha Novat Baraba

ETD Archive

Traffic incidents are unforeseen events known to affect traffic flow because they reduce the capacity of an arterial corridor segment and normally generate a temporary bottleneck. Identification of retiming requirements to enhance traffic signal operations when an incident occurs depends on operations-oriented traffic signal performance measurements. When effective and real-time traffic signal performance metrics are employed at traffic control centers, delays, fuel use, and air pollution may all be decreased. The majority of currently available traffic signal performance evaluations are based on high-resolution traffic signal controller event data, which gives data on an intersection-by-intersection basis but requires a substantial upfront …

The Morgue The Merrier? Covid19-Related Threat, Existential Isolation, & Well Being, Lauren P. Sedivy

ETD Archive

Prior research suggests that COVID-19 perceived threat and existential isolation (EI) would be associated with an individual’s subjective health, levels of anxiety, and feelings of hope relating specifically to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it was unclear whether such concerns might be unique predictors (no interaction, two cumulative main effects) or interact (one effect modifies the other). To learn more about the possible combined effects, I analyzed data gathered via MTurk, during an 11-week period at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-June 2020). Method: This study (N = 2,673) measured perceived COVID19-related threat, EI, anxiety, subjective health, and hope. Results: …

"I Need To Write About What I Believe": Journaling And Afrofuturism In Octavia E. Butler's Parable Of The Sower And Parable Of The Talents, Shlana E. Sims

ETD Archive

Butler’s choice of using the diary of a young Black girl and of making that Black girl a leader is directly paralleled in real history via diaries, such as The Memphis Diary of Ida B. Wells. Butler’s use of the journaling technique via a Black woman ties the future to the past as the diaries of these influential Black women are read by later generations giving a glimpse of what dreams, hopes, and goals the women had for the Black Community. She further gives cautionary tales of “if-this-continues to-go-on” as a warning for the community to be on its guard, …

Lipids Affect The Diffusion Of Estradiol In Osteonal Bone, Nicholas Anthony Cimino

ETD Archive

In healthy osteonal bone, embedded osteocytes form an intercellular communication network through overlapping cell membrane extensions, possibly defining an overlooked and clinically relevant lipid-mediated transport pathway for nonpolar molecules. Previous techniques evaluating solute transport in cortical bone limit tissue analysis to microscale areas (less than 1 mm2) using tracers and assumptions that diminish clinical relevance, presenting the need for an improved method to evaluate solute diffusion in macroscale areas (greater than 1 mm2) of osteonal bone. A new diffusion system - constructed of glass and polytetrafluoroethylene - was designed and validated for this purpose, exhibiting minimal adsorption of solutes and …

The Teacher’S Role In Writing: A Study Of Teacher Candidates’ Perceptions, Joy Myers, Kelly Tracy, Amanda Wall, Linda D. Smetana, Chinwe H. Ikpeze, Sonia M. Kline, Jenn Raskauskas, Roya Q. Scales, Vicki Mcquitty, Pamela Hickey

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

A team of teacher education researchers conducted a qualitative study to explore how teacher candidates viewed the teacher’s role in teaching students to write. Participants (N = 107) enrolled in writing-focused methods courses across four universities completed a reflective quick write near the end of the course. Since writing is a complex and multidimensional activity, these responses were analyzed through the theoretical framework of social cognitive theory. When describing the role of the teacher, the data indicated candidates across all institutions primarily focused on the affective aspects of teaching writing, specifically supporting and developing students’ confidence in writing. Some mentioned …

Precision Rehabilitation For Aphasia By Patient Age, Sex, Aphasia Severity, And Time Since Stroke? A Prespecified, Systematic Review-Based, Individual Participant Data, Network, Subgroup Meta-Analysis, Release Collaborators, Jacqueline Hinckley

HPD Articles

BACKGROUND: Stroke rehabilitation interventions are routinely personalized to address individuals' needs, goals, and challenges based on evidence from aggregated randomized controlled trials (RCT) data and meta-syntheses. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses may better inform the development of precision rehabilitation approaches, quantifying treatment responses while adjusting for confounders and reducing ecological bias. AIM: We explored associations between speech and language therapy (SLT) interventions frequency (days/week), intensity (h/week), and dosage (total SLT-hours) and language outcomes for different age, sex, aphasia severity, and chronicity subgroups by undertaking prespecified subgroup network meta-analyses of the RELEASE database. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and trial registrations were systematically …

Medication Assisted Treatment: Prescription Drug And Opioid Addiction Expansion Project, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd, Katharine Knight Mph, Mark Richards Bs, Tyler Egeland Ba, Evelyn Ali Bs

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

Greater Portland Health (GPH) in collaboration with Preble Street Resource Center was awarded a Medication Assisted Treatment: Prescription Drug & Opioid Addiction (MOUD-PDOA) grant from SAMHSA. The GPH MOUD-PDOA project will include a mixed-methods evaluation led by Catherine E. Cutler Institute. The evaluation team will build knowledge and provide feedback to inform the implementation and refinement of the GPH MOUD-PDOA Program.

Evaluation Goals:

• Document program strategies and identify barriers and facilitators to implementation
• Examine the efficacy of using a continuum of treatment services to increase access to MOUD among vulnerable populations in underserved communities
• Assess the impact of the intervention …

One Health In Action: Flea Control And Interpretative Education At Badlands National Park, David Eads, Lindsey Buehler, Anne Esbenshade, Jason Fly, Evan Miller, Holly Redmond, Emily Ritter, National Park Service, Sasha Wittmann, Paul Roghair, Eddie Childers

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Lg Ms 005 Maine Lesbian Feminist Archives Finding Aid, Siobain C. Monahan, Jill Piekut Roy

Search the Manuscript Collection (Finding Aids)

Description:

Maine Lesbian Feminist was a social and political group based in Downeast Maine which operated from 1976 to about 1984. The archives includes records of the group, their political task force, and their communications committee, as well as event ephemera from the third Maine Gay Symposium in 1976.

Date Range:

1976-1982

Size of Collection:

5 File Folders

Digital Humanities At Work In The World, Sarah Ruth Jacobs

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Office Of Equity And Inclusion Newsletter - December 2022, Office Of Equity And Inclusion, East Tennessee State University

Office of Equity and Inclusion Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Clemson Commencement Program, December 2022, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Strategic Changes In Nonprofit Service Delivery Arising From The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study, Gregory A. Smith

Graduate Dissertations and Theses

The organizational environment that emerged in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic was essentially a new phenomenon. The extent to which public charities were transformed for the long term, and the nature of enduring changes that they adopted, were not immediately clear. This study employed mixed methods—specifically, an explanatory sequential design—to assess and describe service delivery changes that occurred among nonprofits with offices in Virginia’s piedmont region. An online survey was administered to 175 nonprofit leaders (mostly chief executives and service/program officers). Specific kinds of change were grouped into 8 dependent variables, with some being defined a priori and others …

The Chronicle, Lily Hastings, Maria Hernandez, Emily Houck, Nick Longo, Alyssa Monroe, Andy Langager

Campus Chronicle

No abstract provided.

Ace Newsletter December 2022, State University Of New York At Cortland

Programs

Access to College Education Program Newsletter December 2022

The Mentored Experience To Enhance Opportunities In Research (Meteor) Program., Lisa Schwartz, Naomi Luban, Alison Hall, Diane Mcquail, Yolanda Haywood

Health Sciences Education Research

PROBLEM: Medical students from groups that are underrepresented in medicine are less likely to pursue careers that incorporate research as compared to their white peers. Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA)-funded institutions encouraged centers to establish short-term, mentored summer research opportunities to motivate students underrepresented in medicine to enroll in medical school and ideally choose a career that incorporates research into their clinical practice.

APPROACH: The Mentored Experience To Enhance Opportunities in Research (METEOR) Program was established in 2012 in partnership with the Clinical and Translational Science Institute at Children's National (CTSI-CN) and The George Washington University (GW) School of …

Interrogating Racism: An Arts-Based Self-Study Of The Interactions Of One White Teacher Educator In A Rural Teacher Preparation Program, Jaime Vanenkevort

All NMU Master's Theses

This arts-based self-study examined racism, whiteness, and white supremacy in the practices of one teacher educator in a rural, Midwestern university. Data was generated using arts-based methods. Narrative inquiry and critical incident technique (CIT) were utilized to analyze data. Through arts-based self-study techniques, I demonstrate how arts-based self-study can create diverse and multimodal access to understand identity construction and the effort to dismantle racism and other systemic barriers in the teacher education context. Furthermore, through multimodal arts-based data collection, I demonstrate the possibility for educators to navigate complex memory and emotional processing to develop more complex, nuanced understandings of antiracist …