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2021

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Nomenclatural And Taxonomic Notes On Some Stachys Taxa (Lamiaceae), Özal Güner, P. Pablo Ferrer-Gallego Jan 2021

Nomenclatural And Taxonomic Notes On Some Stachys Taxa (Lamiaceae), Özal Güner, P. Pablo Ferrer-Gallego

Turkish Journal of Botany

Stachys glechomifolia (Lamiaceae), previously included under S. mardinensis as a synonym, is resurrected in this work based on extensive field and herbarium studies. In addition to its distribution in Turkey, S. mardinensis has firstly been recorded from Iran. Furthermore, the lectotypes of S. fragillima, S. graveolens, and S. kurdica var. brevidens are designated in this study. An expanded description and distribution map of S. glechomifolia, and some taxonomic notes on S. graveolens, S. fragillima, S. mardinensis, and S. nephrophylla are also reported.

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Nomenclatural Adjustments For Hybrids Of The Former Inula L. Within Pentanema Cass.(Asteraceae), Alexey P. Seregin Jan 2021

Nomenclatural Adjustments For Hybrids Of The Former Inula L. Within Pentanema Cass.(Asteraceae), Alexey P. Seregin

Turkish Journal of Botany

Drastic recircumscription of Pentanema (Asteraceae) has resulted in transfers of many species from Inula, whereas hybrids with binomials have not received new combinations yet. However, names for interspecific hybrids of Inula auct. are in active current use, and a dozen nothospecies are regularly mentioned in floras, checklists, and research papers. I have facilitated 12 new combinations for nothospecies in Pentanema: P. ×adriaticum (Borbás) Seregin (P. hirtum × P. spiraeifolium), P. ×haussmannii (Huter) Seregin (P. ensifolium × P. hirtum), P. ×hispidum (Schur) Seregin (P. asperum × P. hirtum), P. ×hybridum (Baumg.) Seregin (P. ensifolium × P. germanicum), P. ×litorale (Borbás) Seregin …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2021

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Structure, Differentiation, And Slight Evidence For No Selective Neutrality Of Some Ssr Markers In Populations Of Medicago Ciliaris (L.) Krock And Medicago Intertexta (L.)Mill Species, Fella Abdous, Fatima Zohra Fyad-Lameche Jan 2021

Genetic Structure, Differentiation, And Slight Evidence For No Selective Neutrality Of Some Ssr Markers In Populations Of Medicago Ciliaris (L.) Krock And Medicago Intertexta (L.)Mill Species, Fella Abdous, Fatima Zohra Fyad-Lameche

Turkish Journal of Botany

Medicago ciliaris (L.) Krock and Medicago intertexta (L.) Mill are most often found in saline regions and are considered as potential resources for genes related to salinity resistance. To explore the genetic diversity of these two species by mean of nrSSR (simplesequence repeats) markers, 11 accessions originated from different regions in north of Africa and Middle East were chosen. Ten among 14 markers turned out to be polymorphic and gave 72 alleles. Eight markers were very informative with PIC values > 0.5, and three of them were found to be nonneutral. Allelic richness was limited with an average number of alleles …

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Mirnas Involved In Drought Stress In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum L.), Gürkan Demi̇rkol Jan 2021

Mirnas Involved In Drought Stress In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum L.), Gürkan Demi̇rkol

Turkish Journal of Botany

miRNAs have been characterized as a regulator of main processes in plants by silencing genes. The functions of microRNAs have been studied in various crops, hovewer, no studies have been observed about miRNAs in Italian rygrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) against drought stress. This experiment aimed to reveal the involvement of miRNAs against drought stress in sensitive and tolerant Italian ryegrass genotypes. Four genotypes (G1 and G2 as drought sensitive - G3 and G4 as drought tolerant) were selected. The sensitivities of these genotypes against drought stress were verified by performing growth parameters, relative water and proline contents under normal and …

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Effect Of Ash Carbon Nanofibers On Gaba Shunt Pathway In Germinating Seeds Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., C.V. Rohaba.) Under Salt Stress, Nisreen Alquraan, Mohammed Al-Omari, Alaa Ayoub Jan 2021

Effect Of Ash Carbon Nanofibers On Gaba Shunt Pathway In Germinating Seeds Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill., C.V. Rohaba.) Under Salt Stress, Nisreen Alquraan, Mohammed Al-Omari, Alaa Ayoub

Turkish Journal of Botany

The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of black ash carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway in germinating seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., c.v. Rohaba) under salt stress. Seed?s germination pattern, seed moisture content, GABA shunt metabolite levels (GABA, Glutamate and Alanine), total proteins and total carbohydrates, and the level of oxidative damage in response to sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments were determined. A significant increase of moisture content in CNFs treated seeds associated with significant increases in germination percentage was found. Data also showed a significant increase in GABA shunt metabolites in …

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Water Conservation Strategies Through Anatomical Traits In The Endangered Arid Zone Species Salvadora Oleoides Decne., Ummar Iqbal, Mansoor Hameed, Farooq Ahmad Jan 2021

Water Conservation Strategies Through Anatomical Traits In The Endangered Arid Zone Species Salvadora Oleoides Decne., Ummar Iqbal, Mansoor Hameed, Farooq Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Botany

Salvadora oleoides Decne. (Salvadoraceae) is a facultative and mesomorphic xerophyte, well adapted to arid and semi-arid regions. Twelve populations were selected from different ecological regions of Punjab to investigate structural modifications that are essential for water conservation, by either improving water-storing capacity or preventing water loss from the plant body, hence, enabling this species to cope with environmental extremities. We observed significant plasticity in structural features, which ensures ecological success in a variety of environmental conditions. Huge variation was seen in various tissue systems, i.e., epidermis and epidermal appendages, collenchyma, size of internal oil glands, storage parenchyma, shape, size and …

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In Vitro Physiological Effects Of Origanum Onites L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Treatmenton Human Origin Cell Lines, Gül İpek Gündoğan, Ebru Özdemi̇r Nath Jan 2021

In Vitro Physiological Effects Of Origanum Onites L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Treatmenton Human Origin Cell Lines, Gül İpek Gündoğan, Ebru Özdemi̇r Nath

Turkish Journal of Botany

Origanum onites L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family which is commonly used for symptomatic treatment of the diseases of the gastrointestinal, endocrine, and respiratory systems in Turkish ethnobotanical studies and public. In this study our aim was to investigate the physiological effects of O. onites essential oil (OE) on A549 human lung cancer, MIA PaCa human pancreas cancer and HUVEC human endothelial cell lines. Our findings showed that

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Phylogeny And Taxonomy Of A Novel Species Of Pseudocercospora From India, Archana Singh, Paras Nath Singh, Gopal Nath, Nawal Kishore Dubey Jan 2021

Phylogeny And Taxonomy Of A Novel Species Of Pseudocercospora From India, Archana Singh, Paras Nath Singh, Gopal Nath, Nawal Kishore Dubey

Turkish Journal of Botany

A new species of Pseudocercospora is described causing leaf spot disease on Crotalaria assamica from India. The identity of isolate was based on asexual morphs, cultural characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of partial nuclear ribosomal 28S large subunit and complete internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequence data with high statistical support value. Morphologically this species has characters similar to allied species in genus Pseudocercospora but differs in having catenate and branched conidia. Phylogenetic analysis using LSU and ITS reveals it a new species of >i>Pseudocercospora (Capnodiales, Mycosphaerellaceae).

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High Genetic Diversity Within And Low Differentiation Among Juniperus Excelsa M. Bieb.Populations: Molecular Markers Reveal Their Genetic Structure Patterns, Özay Hasan Evren, Nuray Kaya Jan 2021

High Genetic Diversity Within And Low Differentiation Among Juniperus Excelsa M. Bieb.Populations: Molecular Markers Reveal Their Genetic Structure Patterns, Özay Hasan Evren, Nuray Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

J. excelsa M. Bieb forms about 82% of the total juniper forests in Turkey. A total of 456 plant samples belonging to 19 J. excelsa populations were collected to determine the genetic variation of J. excelsa and compare their genetic diversity among populations via simple-sequence repeat (SSR) and intron targeted amplified polymorphism (ITAP) markers. Seven SSR and 132 ITAP loci were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphism for ITAP loci at the population level ranged from 31.34 to 55.97. Average values of expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, Shannon's information index, Fis, Fst and Nm for SSR loci were 0.616, 0.512, 1.54, 0.124, …

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Forage Potential Of Salsola Species In Arid-Saline Rangelands, Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Ali Mirhosseini, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Mirza Hasanuzzaman Jan 2021

Forage Potential Of Salsola Species In Arid-Saline Rangelands, Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh, Ali Mirhosseini, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Turkish Journal of Botany

We investigated the forage potential of 12 Salsola species including S. arbuscula, S. abarghuensis, S. dendroides, S. crassa, S. imbricata, S. incanescens, S. nitraria, S. kerneri, S. orientalis, S. richteri, S. tomentosa, and S. yazdiana in the Southern rangelands of the Great Salt Desert. The results showed a great significant variation among forage quality and quantity of the Salsola species. The greatest fresh and dry forages were obtained in S. yazdiana (4.54 and 1.53 kg m?2, respectively) followed by S. dendroides (3.02 and 1.13 kg m?2, respectively). The S. tomentosa had the greatest ash content by 20.2%, which significantly was …

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Toniniopsis Bartakii - A New Species Of Lichenised Fungus From James Ross Island(Antarctic Peninsula), Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Merve Kahraman, Sonja Kistenich, Einar Timdal Jan 2021

Toniniopsis Bartakii - A New Species Of Lichenised Fungus From James Ross Island(Antarctic Peninsula), Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Merve Kahraman, Sonja Kistenich, Einar Timdal

Turkish Journal of Botany

The new lichen species Toniniopsis bartakii is described from James Ross Island, the North-East Antarctic Peninsula region. It is phylogenetically most closely related to T. bagliettoana but differs mainly in forming a more developed, squamulose thallus. It is morphologically more similar to T. coelestina but differs mainly in the pigmentation in the proper exciple. An identification key to the known species of Toniniopsis is also provided

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A New Asperula L. (Rubiaceae) Species From Gypsum Steppes Of Çankırı Province In Turkey, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Mehmet Sağiroğlu, Bi̇rol Başer Jan 2021

A New Asperula L. (Rubiaceae) Species From Gypsum Steppes Of Çankırı Province In Turkey, Bi̇lal Şahi̇n, Mehmet Sağiroğlu, Bi̇rol Başer

Turkish Journal of Botany

Asperula cankiriense B.Şahin & Sağıroğlu, a new species discovered in the central Anatolian region of Turkey (Çankırı), is described herein. A. cankiriense is similar to Asperula bornmuelleri Velen. However, A. cankiriense differs mainly in its habitus, stem, leaves, and inflorescence features. In this study, the diagnostic morphological features, distribution, habitat and ecology, etymology, conservation status, and taxonomic features of the new species are discussed. Additionally, pollen micromorphological characteristics of A. cankiriense and A. bornmuelleri are examined and compared using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The pollen grains are subprolate, aperture type 6?7 or rarely 8 zonocolpate …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2021

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

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Volvopluteus And Pluteus Section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae) In Turkey Based Onmorphological And Molecular Data, Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, İbrahi̇m Türkekul, Henning Knudsen, Nelson Menolli Jr. Jan 2021

Volvopluteus And Pluteus Section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae) In Turkey Based Onmorphological And Molecular Data, Oğuzhan Kaygusuz, İbrahi̇m Türkekul, Henning Knudsen, Nelson Menolli Jr.

Turkish Journal of Botany

Pluteus and Volvopluteus are two closely related genera of Pluteaceae that comprise saprotrophic fungi. Although the genera have been well-studied in Europe and North and South America, the diversity of Pluteus, mainly Pluteus sect. Pluteus, and Volvopluteus in Turkey is poorly known due to insufficient morphological descriptions and a lack of DNA sequence data. In this study, the diversity of Pluteus sect. Pluteus and Volvopluteus in Turkey is evaluated by employing both morphological features and phylogenetic approaches. A general phylogeny of Pluteus sect. Pluteus based on sequences of nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) region is presented and …

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Traditional Herbal Remedies Used In Kidney Diseases In Turkey: An Overview, Şükran Kültür, Bahar Gürdal, Aynur Sari, Gülay Meli̇koğlu Jan 2021

Traditional Herbal Remedies Used In Kidney Diseases In Turkey: An Overview, Şükran Kültür, Bahar Gürdal, Aynur Sari, Gülay Meli̇koğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal studies have become increasingly recognised as a valuable source of information on the use and possible pharmacological activity of many plant species. There is no study presenting traditional herbal remedies used for kidney diseases in Turkey. The purpose of the paper is to compile herbal remedies used in kidney diseases in Turkey with detailed usage information and chemical constituents. The botanical names, families, and local names; used parts; preparation methods; administration/ dosage; kidney problems and chemical constituents were presented by screening ethnobotanical, ethnomedicinaland phytochemical studies. The most cited plant families, the most cited genera, and the most …

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Genetic Variation And Population Differentiation Of Dorystaechas Hastata Toturkey: Implications For Conservation Management, Ceren Seli̇m, Songül Sever Mutlu, Nedi̇m Mutlu, İsmai̇l Gökhan Deni̇z, Hasan Meydan Jan 2021

Genetic Variation And Population Differentiation Of Dorystaechas Hastata Toturkey: Implications For Conservation Management, Ceren Seli̇m, Songül Sever Mutlu, Nedi̇m Mutlu, İsmai̇l Gökhan Deni̇z, Hasan Meydan

Turkish Journal of Botany

Dorystaechas hastata is a relict endemic medicinal and aromatic plant under risk of extinction. Assessment of genetic diversity and association between geographic distribution and genetic variation could benefit to the conservation efforts. The objectives of this study were to assess genetic diversity and population differentiation of the species in its natural habitat. The genetic structure of 56 accessions sampled from 15 populations encompassing whole natural distribution of the species were analyzed with both sequencerelated amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-primer binding site (iPBS) molecular markers. The 146 polymorphic markers were generated by 13 SRAP and 11 iPBS primers. The similarity of …

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A New Species Of Foliicolous Lichenized Fungi From Southwest China: Calopadia Ruiliensissp. Nov., Hai-Xia Wu, Wei-Bin Ren, Xin-Hao Li, Zi-Xiang Yang Jan 2021

A New Species Of Foliicolous Lichenized Fungi From Southwest China: Calopadia Ruiliensissp. Nov., Hai-Xia Wu, Wei-Bin Ren, Xin-Hao Li, Zi-Xiang Yang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Calopadia ruiliensis, found on living leaves in southwest China, is described as a new species, based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis. It is characterized by a foliicolous thallus with yellow greenish to creamy yellow color, rounded apothecia with nonpruinose to thinly pruinose disc, a dark olive-green hypothecium and black-brown subhymenium, and 1-spored asci producing muriform ascospores. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU sequence data shows that the new species clusters in the genus Calopadia with high bootstrap support. The new species is compared with closely related and similar species of Calopadia and a comprehensive description and micrographs are provided.

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Cover And Contents Jan 2021

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

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A New Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) Species From South Anatolia (Turkey), Ömer Çeçen, Taner Özcan Jan 2021

A New Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) Species From South Anatolia (Turkey), Ömer Çeçen, Taner Özcan

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, a member of sect. Teucrium, hitherto undescribed as a new species, was analyzed based on morphological and micromorphological features and molecular findings. The closest species of the new species were defined according to leaf morphology via morphological characters. Leaf, stem, and nutlet trichome types were obtained and compared with resembling species. Moreover, two different DNA region sequences were used to evaluate its proper phylogenetic position in the section. The new species was described as Teucrium turcicum Çeçen & Özcan based on the results of using different approaches. According to our observations, flower color, leaf structure, and shape …

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Metabolite Profiling, Distribution Of Secretory Structures, And Histochemistry Incurculigo Orchioides Gaertn. And Curculigo Latifolia Dryand. Ex W.T.Aiton, Abdul Halim Umar, Diah Ratnadewi, Mohamad Rafi, Yohana C. Sulistyaningsih, Hamim Hamim Jan 2021

Metabolite Profiling, Distribution Of Secretory Structures, And Histochemistry Incurculigo Orchioides Gaertn. And Curculigo Latifolia Dryand. Ex W.T.Aiton, Abdul Halim Umar, Diah Ratnadewi, Mohamad Rafi, Yohana C. Sulistyaningsih, Hamim Hamim

Turkish Journal of Botany

Curculigo orchioides and Curculigo latifolia (Hypoxidaceae) have been widely used as traditional medicines in Indonesia and other Asian countries for antihyperglycemic, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. This work aimed to determine the distribution of secretory structures and metabolites. Metabolite profiling approach of the plant organs was determined by UHPLC-QOrbitrap-HRMS. Histochemical-based techniques on rhizome, root, petiole, and leaf, with transversal sections on fresh samples, were prepared using a razor blade to determine the secretory structures of the plants, followed by plant anatomy procedures. Histochemical analysis was carried out using several reagents to detect the metabolites. Metabolite profiling revealed several classes of …

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Taxonomic Monograph Of The Tribe Nigelleae (Ranunculaceae): A Group Including Ancientmedicinal Plants, Ali̇ Aslan Dönmez, Zübeyde Uğurlu Aydin, Emel Oybak Dönmez Jan 2021

Taxonomic Monograph Of The Tribe Nigelleae (Ranunculaceae): A Group Including Ancientmedicinal Plants, Ali̇ Aslan Dönmez, Zübeyde Uğurlu Aydin, Emel Oybak Dönmez

Turkish Journal of Botany

The tribe Nigelleae Schröd. (Ranunculaceae) worldwide distribution has been studied taxonomically, based on morphological, palynological and seed morphological characters, as well as chromosome counts. Extensive field works have been carried out in Turkey, Greece, Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Portugal and in Northern Cyprus. Moreover, the specimens of major herbaria in Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Syria and Iran as well in Europe have been examined. This study represents the most comprehensive monograph of the tribe based on field work across its nearly entire distributional range, complemented by examination of over 980 specimens from 25 herbaria and our collections with nomenclatural contributions. Eighteen species …

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Ecological Assessment Of Burç Reservoir's Surface Water (Turkey) Using Phytoplanktonmetrics And Multivariate Approach, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Gülümser Özpinar Jan 2021

Ecological Assessment Of Burç Reservoir's Surface Water (Turkey) Using Phytoplanktonmetrics And Multivariate Approach, Abuzer Çelekli̇, Gülümser Özpinar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The present study aimed to elucidate relationships between phytoplankton species and stressors using multivariate approaches and assess the environmental condition of Burç Reservoir?s surface water using phytoplankton metrics from September 2018 to August 2019 according to implementations of the Water Framework Directive. Burç Reservoir had a characteristic of a warm monomictic pattern. Phytoplankton functional groups (E, F, J, LO, LM, MP , P, S1 , T, and W1 ) were found in the reservoir. A significant difference was found in total biovolume values changed from 2.28 mm3 /L in November 2018 to 0.51 mm3 /L in February 2019. The first …

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Using A Supermatrix Approach To Explore Phylogenetic Relationships, Divergence Times,And Historical Biogeography Of Saxifragales, Cara Tarullo, Jeffrey Rose, Kenneth Sytsma, Bryan T. Drew Jan 2021

Using A Supermatrix Approach To Explore Phylogenetic Relationships, Divergence Times,And Historical Biogeography Of Saxifragales, Cara Tarullo, Jeffrey Rose, Kenneth Sytsma, Bryan T. Drew

Turkish Journal of Botany

The Saxifragales is a morphologically and ecologically diverse clade of flowering plants with a cosmopolitan distribution. Although families and genera within the order exhibit classic biogeographical disjunctions, no studies to date have rigorously examined and described its historical biogeography. Here, we analyze the historical biogeography of Saxifragales by first generating a new chronogram for the order using a supermatrix approach, based on 61 loci from 251 representative members of Saxifragales. Our results suggest that Saxifragales originated in the early Albian approximately 107 Ma and diversified rapidly in the next 15 Ma, with all stem lineages of extant families present by …

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Genetic Diversity Analysis Reveals Weak Population Structure In Invasive Trianthema Portulacastrum L. At Fayoum Depression, Egypt, Faten Ellmouni, Dirk Albach, Mai Sayed Fouad, Marwa Fakhr Jan 2021

Genetic Diversity Analysis Reveals Weak Population Structure In Invasive Trianthema Portulacastrum L. At Fayoum Depression, Egypt, Faten Ellmouni, Dirk Albach, Mai Sayed Fouad, Marwa Fakhr

Turkish Journal of Botany

Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae) is a common weed associated with cultivated crops. It is an exotic weed that originated in South Africa and is spreading all over the world. Thirty-five accessions were collected from six populations at Fayoum depression (FD), Egypt. Molecular analyses of start codon targeted (SCoT) markers were performed to identify genotypic variation among collected populations. The effectiveness of employing SCoT markers was demonstrated by the high percentage of polymorphisms. These markers revealed high genetic diversity, as well as high levels of genetic differentiation (GST), elevated gene flow (Nm) (0.195 and 2.052, respectively), high variation among a population …

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Effect Of Zinc On Phytoremediation Potential And Carbonic Anhydrase And Polyphenoloxidase Activities Of Lythrum Salicaria L., Nüket Akanil Bi̇ngöl, Betül Akin, İsmai̇l Kocaçalişkan, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu, Onur Meşeli̇ Jan 2021

Effect Of Zinc On Phytoremediation Potential And Carbonic Anhydrase And Polyphenoloxidase Activities Of Lythrum Salicaria L., Nüket Akanil Bi̇ngöl, Betül Akin, İsmai̇l Kocaçalişkan, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu, Onur Meşeli̇

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, Lythrum salicaria plant was tested in hydroponic culture to demonstrate its zinc accumulating capacity and tolerance to different zinc levels. Lythrum salicaria seedlings were grown in 10% Hoagland solution containing 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L zinc, and 30 mg/L zinc with different pH levels (5, 6, and 7). Following this, the seedlings were harvested after 1st, 2nd, 4th and 7th days. Zinc caused significant decreases in the relative values of the mean root-shoot length and fresh weight of the plant (92 to 75%; 100 to 92%; 64.2 to 41.2%, respectively), and …

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Aethionema Aytachii (Brassicaceae): A New Species From Central Anatolia, Turkey, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul, Ergi̇n Hamzaoğlu, Hakki Demi̇relma, Tuna Uysal, Meryem Bozkurt, Emrah Şi̇ri̇n, Burcu Yilmaz Çitak, I. A. Al-Shehbaz Jan 2021

Aethionema Aytachii (Brassicaceae): A New Species From Central Anatolia, Turkey, Kuddi̇si̇ Ertuğrul, Ergi̇n Hamzaoğlu, Hakki Demi̇relma, Tuna Uysal, Meryem Bozkurt, Emrah Şi̇ri̇n, Burcu Yilmaz Çitak, I. A. Al-Shehbaz

Turkish Journal of Botany

Aethionema aytachii Ertuğrul & Hamzaoğlu, a new species from central Anatolia that grows on marly hills in the Ayaş district of Ankara Province (Turkey), is described and its relationships and distinguishing characters from the closest relative A. dumanii are discussed. The shape of pollen grains of A. aytachii is tricolpate, and its seed-coat sculpture is verrucate. Sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the new species was used to determine about its phylogenetic relation within Aethionema.

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Synergism And Antagonism In Plant Acclimation To Abiotic Stress Combinations, Karl-Josef Dietz Jan 2021

Synergism And Antagonism In Plant Acclimation To Abiotic Stress Combinations, Karl-Josef Dietz

Turkish Journal of Botany

Acclimation of plants to their environment involves mechanisms at all molecular levels and only the complete temporal and spatial pattern adequately describes the acclimation state. The diversity of physiological states realized in plants increases by the essentially infinite combinations of abiotic and biotic stresses, considering duration, impact order, and strength. The interference between stressors involves phenomena of synergism, antagonism, and indifference. This review exemplarily sketches principles of interference considering posttranslational modifications, the formation of molecular assemblies in regulosomes, the regulation of gene expression, and the vast number of other posttranscriptional controls e.g., in RNA processing and recruitment to ribosomes. Small …

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The Trade-Off Between Uvb Sensitivity And Tolerance Against Other Stresses In African Ricespecies, Gideon Sadikiel Mmbando, Jun Hidema Jan 2021

The Trade-Off Between Uvb Sensitivity And Tolerance Against Other Stresses In African Ricespecies, Gideon Sadikiel Mmbando, Jun Hidema

Turkish Journal of Botany

Climate change and ozone depletion have caused increased ultraviolet B (UVB; 280-315nm) radiation levels on earth, which has been predicted to cause decreased growth and yield of various crops, including rice, the most important staple food worldwide. UVB radiation sensitivity varies extensively in Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) and African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud. and Oryza barthii A. Chev.) cultivars, and the activity of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) photolyase that repairs UVB-induced CPD is an essential factor underlying UVB sensitivity in rice. Unlike Asian varieties, African rice possesses different origins, and it is cultivated in the African continent under environmental …

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Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Abiotic Plant Stress: Salinity And Drought, Kiarash Jamshidi Goharrizi, Michael R. Hamblin, Soraya Karami, Maryam Nazari Jan 2021

Physiological, Biochemical, And Metabolic Responses Of Abiotic Plant Stress: Salinity And Drought, Kiarash Jamshidi Goharrizi, Michael R. Hamblin, Soraya Karami, Maryam Nazari

Turkish Journal of Botany

The most important types of abiotic stress that affect agricultural crops throughout the world are drought and salinity. These stresses will continue to worsen as the current climate crisis progresses. Plants have evolved a complex set of mechanisms in order to protect themselves from salt and drought. At the macrobiological level, these include alterations in growth rate, water balance, antioxidant defenses, and photosynthesis. Altered metabolites include proline, carbohydrates, glycine betaine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and polyamines. It is not surprising, thus, that one of the most important research areas of plant biology is the study of plant responses to abiotic stress and …

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