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2021

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What Drives Biodiversity Patterns? Using Long-Term Multi-Disciplinary Data To Discern Centennial-Scale Change, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph Fyfe, David Smith, Ruth Pelling, Vareilles A De, Robert Batchelor, Andrew Bevan, Althea L. Davies Jan 2021

What Drives Biodiversity Patterns? Using Long-Term Multi-Disciplinary Data To Discern Centennial-Scale Change, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph Fyfe, David Smith, Ruth Pelling, Vareilles A De, Robert Batchelor, Andrew Bevan, Althea L. Davies

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Solid Waste Management In Developing Countries: Reusing Of Steel Slag Aggregate In Eco-Friendly Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks Production, Oluwarotimi Olofinnade, Ayoyinka Morawo, Oluwatomisin Okedairo, Boksun Kim Jan 2021

Solid Waste Management In Developing Countries: Reusing Of Steel Slag Aggregate In Eco-Friendly Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks Production, Oluwarotimi Olofinnade, Ayoyinka Morawo, Oluwatomisin Okedairo, Boksun Kim

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The needs to meet the global demand for the conservation of non-renewable resources has necessitated the efforts of finding alternative materials. This current study investigates the beneficial utilization of the crushed waste furnace steel slag as a replacement for natural sand in concrete interlocking paving block units’ production for pedestrian and non-traffic applications. A total number of 144 paver samples were cast at replacement percentages of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 % by weight of sand using a mix proportion ratio of 1:1.5:3 (cement: sand: granite) at a constant water-cement ratio of 0.5, targeting a strength of 20 …

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Analytic Integrability Of Certain Resonant Saddle, Colin Christopher, Jaume Giné Jan 2021

Analytic Integrability Of Certain Resonant Saddle, Colin Christopher, Jaume Giné

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Sediment Source Apportionment Following Wildfire In An Upland Commercial Forest Catchment, Enrique Muñoz-Arcos, Alejandra Castillo, Alicia Cuevas-Aedo, Luis Ovando-Fuentealba, Alex Taylor, Ramón Bustamante-Ortega, William H. Blake, Claudio Bravo-Linares Jan 2021

Sediment Source Apportionment Following Wildfire In An Upland Commercial Forest Catchment, Enrique Muñoz-Arcos, Alejandra Castillo, Alicia Cuevas-Aedo, Luis Ovando-Fuentealba, Alex Taylor, Ramón Bustamante-Ortega, William H. Blake, Claudio Bravo-Linares

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Purpose Wildfires can have major impacts on water scarcity and water quality linked to off-site transfer of polluting ash and nutrients. Understanding sediment sources in burnt landscapes can help to develop mitigation strategies, especially in catchments planted with introduced species that are prone to fire. We investigated sediment sources activated by post-fire rainfall in a small-forested catchment that was impacted by a severe wildfire. The aim was to use environmental radionuclides and elemental geochemistry as tracers to apportion sediment sources within burnt plantation systems. Methods Surficial (0–2 cm) topsoil (n = 9), sub-surficial (2–4 cm) topsoil (i.e. below the burnt …

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Tephra Deposition And Bonding With Reactive Oxides Enhances Burial Of Organic Carbon In The Bering Sea, Jack Longman, Thomas M. Gernon, Martin R. Palmer, Hayley R. Manners Jan 2021

Tephra Deposition And Bonding With Reactive Oxides Enhances Burial Of Organic Carbon In The Bering Sea, Jack Longman, Thomas M. Gernon, Martin R. Palmer, Hayley R. Manners

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Preservation of organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments exerts a major control on the cycling of carbon in the Earth system. In these marine environments, OC preservation may be enhanced by diagenetic reactions in locations where deposition of fragmental volcanic material called tephra occurs. While the mechanisms by which this process occurs are well understood, site-specific studies of this process are limited. Here, we report a study of sediments from the Bering Sea (IODP Site U1339D) to investigate the effects of marine tephra deposition on carbon cycling during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Our results suggest that tephra layers are loci …

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Novel Nuclear Materials Characterization Workflows Enabled By Fs-Laser Milling, S Kelly, R White, T Volkenandt, W Harris, B Tordoff, G Laudone, K Jones, B Veater Jan 2021

Novel Nuclear Materials Characterization Workflows Enabled By Fs-Laser Milling, S Kelly, R White, T Volkenandt, W Harris, B Tordoff, G Laudone, K Jones, B Veater

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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An Online Museum Of Stories: Literary Travel Writing For Cultural Tourism Development, C Mansfield, J Potočnik Topler Jan 2021

An Online Museum Of Stories: Literary Travel Writing For Cultural Tourism Development, C Mansfield, J Potočnik Topler

Plymouth Business School

With rising tourism interest in cultural heritage, destination management organisations, museums and other cultural institutions are seeking methods of unlocking the intangible cultural heritage of local residents and sharing that before it is lost. This is specific knowledge of the uses and practices of disappearing spaces in towns, of plants and their uses as foodstuffs, and in clothing and of work practices that were more in-tune with local, sustainable production. This contribution outlines new methods for building the ethnographic museum as a museum of stories, and proposes a model that explores narrative through literary travel writing for a new public.

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Should Photographic Triage Become Common Practice?, N Thomas Jan 2021

Should Photographic Triage Become Common Practice?, N Thomas

School of Health Professions

Commentary.

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Ecotoxicology Of Active Ingredients In Changing Marine Environments, Cameron Hird Jan 2021

Ecotoxicology Of Active Ingredients In Changing Marine Environments, Cameron Hird

School of Biomedical Sciences

Active ingredients (AIs), including pesticides and pharmaceuticals, are designed to have a specific mode-of-action (MoA) in target organisms. Despite this, there is substantial evidence of their occurrence in marine environments having the potential to impact non-target species with effects both as a result of, and independent from, their MoA. Furthermore, due to a large proportion of AIs being readily ionisable, there is growing evidence that their uptake and effects are sensitive to environmental parameters such as pH, which can be driven by changes in pCO2,both in natural cycles and as a consequence of anthropogenic activities.In this thesis I investigate the …

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Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Processes Of The Baige Landslide-Induced Barrier Lake, Jinsha River, China, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Yifei Cui, Xuanmei Fan, Wenjun Yang, Wei Huang, Alistair Borthwick Jan 2021

Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Processes Of The Baige Landslide-Induced Barrier Lake, Jinsha River, China, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Yifei Cui, Xuanmei Fan, Wenjun Yang, Wei Huang, Alistair Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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The Interacion Between Humans And Buildings For Energy Efficiency: A Critical Review, T Harputlugil, P De Wilde Jan 2021

The Interacion Between Humans And Buildings For Energy Efficiency: A Critical Review, T Harputlugil, P De Wilde

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Buildings consume energy for different purposes. One core function is to provide healthy and comfortable living conditions for the humans that inhabit these buildings. The associated energy use is significant: taken together, buildings are responsible for roughly 40% of the world's total annual energy consumption. This large percentage makes the built environment an important target for researchers, policy makers, innovators and others who aim to decrease energy consumption and the associated emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Unfortunately, the significant body of research on energy efficient buildings conducted since the 1970s has had only a limited impact on the overall energy …

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Ergodic Sampling Of The Topological Charge Using The Density Of States, Guido Cossu, David Lancaster, Biagio Lucini, Roberto Pellegrini, Antonio Rago Jan 2021

Ergodic Sampling Of The Topological Charge Using The Density Of States, Guido Cossu, David Lancaster, Biagio Lucini, Roberto Pellegrini, Antonio Rago

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

AbstractIn lattice calculations, the approach to the continuum limit is hindered by the severe freezing of the topological charge, which prevents ergodic sampling in configuration space. In order to significantly reduce the autocorrelation time of the topological charge, we develop a density of states approach with a smooth constraint and use it to study SU(3) pure Yang Mills gauge theory near the continuum limit. Our algorithm relies on simulated tempering across a range of couplings, which guarantees the decorrelation of the topological charge and ergodic sampling of topological sectors. Particular emphasis is placed on testing the accuracy, efficiency and scaling …

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A Bayesian Inverse Dynamic Approach For Impulsive Wave Loading Reconstruction: Theory, Laboratory And Field Application, Alessandro Antonini, Brownjohn Jm William, Darshana Dassanayake, Alison Raby, James Bassit, Athanasios Pappas, D D’Ayala Jan 2021

A Bayesian Inverse Dynamic Approach For Impulsive Wave Loading Reconstruction: Theory, Laboratory And Field Application, Alessandro Antonini, Brownjohn Jm William, Darshana Dassanayake, Alison Raby, James Bassit, Athanasios Pappas, D D’Ayala

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The measurement of wave forces acting on marine structures is a complicated task, both during physical experiments and, even more so, in the field. Force transducers adopted in laboratory experiments require a minimum level of structural movement, thus violating the main assumption of fully rigid structure and introducing a dynamic response of the system. Sometimes the induced vibrations are so intense that they completely nullify the reliability of the experiments. On-site, it is even more complex, since there are no force transducers of the size and capacity able to measure such massive force intensity acting over the very large domain …

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Compact Floating Wave Energy Converter Arrays: Inter-Device Mooring Connectivity And Performance, Ben Howey, Keri M. Collins, Martyn Hann, Gregorio Iglesias, Rui P.F. Gomes, João C.C. Henriques, Luís M.C. Gato, Deborah Greaves Jan 2021

Compact Floating Wave Energy Converter Arrays: Inter-Device Mooring Connectivity And Performance, Ben Howey, Keri M. Collins, Martyn Hann, Gregorio Iglesias, Rui P.F. Gomes, João C.C. Henriques, Luís M.C. Gato, Deborah Greaves

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Achieving cost reduction in wave energy conversion is seen as essential to enabling the progress of the sector. Atutility scale in a wave farm, multiple devices are likely to be deployed in array configurations. Closely spaced,compact wave energy converter (WEC) arrays are a promising option for cost reduction, realising synergies inoperation and maintenance tasks and auxiliary installations, whilst achieving economies of scale. Mooring andanchorage systems are known to be a major component of the structural costs, and the use of interconnectinglines between neighbouring devices can reduce the number of anchors and minimise total line length. In thispaper, we present the …

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Uncertainty Quantification In Shallow Water-Sediment Flows: A Stochastic Galerkin Shallow Water Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Model, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick Jan 2021

Uncertainty Quantification In Shallow Water-Sediment Flows: A Stochastic Galerkin Shallow Water Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Model, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Prospects On The Nano-Plastic Particles Internalization And Induction Of Cellular Response In Human Keratinocytes, Pm Gopinath, Ks Twayana, P Ravanan, John Thomas, A Mukherjee, Df Jenkins, N Chandrasekaran Jan 2021

Prospects On The Nano-Plastic Particles Internalization And Induction Of Cellular Response In Human Keratinocytes, Pm Gopinath, Ks Twayana, P Ravanan, John Thomas, A Mukherjee, Df Jenkins, N Chandrasekaran

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Abstract Background Today, cosmetic products are very popular with both men and women to improve their appearance and increase their social acceptability. Results In this study, nano-sized (30–300 nm) plastic particles were isolated from the commercial face-scrubs and treated on the human keratinocytes. The observed adherence of polyethylene nano-plastics (PENPs), polystyrene NPs (PSNPs), and face-scrubs isolated nano-plastics (NPs) on the keratin layer reveals a significant attachment of NPs from the cosmetics that are applied on the skin for a short duration. This attachment property could facilitate further adherence of protein molecules on NPs and the protein-corona formation. The protein-corona mimics …

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3d Printing System For Earth-Based Construction: Case Study Of Cob, Mohamed Gomaa, Wassim Jabi, Reyes A Veliz, Veronica Soebarto Jan 2021

3d Printing System For Earth-Based Construction: Case Study Of Cob, Mohamed Gomaa, Wassim Jabi, Reyes A Veliz, Veronica Soebarto

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Despite the dramatic development in digital manufacturing technologies in the recent years, 3D printing of earth materials, such as cob, still presents several challenges to the market-available 3D printing systems. This paper describes the development process of a 3D printing system for cob that fits the contemporary requirements of digital construction. The study first described the methodology of producing a revised cob recipe for the purpose of 3D printing. Then, the study conducted thorough investigations into the properties of three types of extrusion systems using both electromechanical and pneumatic methods, leading eventually to the development of a new bespoke dual-ram …

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From Local To Nonlocal: Higher Fidelity Simulations Of Photon Emission In Intense Laser Pulses, T. G. Blackburn, A. J. Macleod, B. King Jan 2021

From Local To Nonlocal: Higher Fidelity Simulations Of Photon Emission In Intense Laser Pulses, T. G. Blackburn, A. J. Macleod, B. King

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Opec Meetings, Oil Market Volatility And Herding Behaviour In The Saudi Arabia Stock Market, D Gabbori, B Awartani, A Maghyereh, N Virk Jan 2021

Opec Meetings, Oil Market Volatility And Herding Behaviour In The Saudi Arabia Stock Market, D Gabbori, B Awartani, A Maghyereh, N Virk

Plymouth Business School

We investigate the influence of oil market volatility and hand‐picked OPEC meetings data on herding tendency in the Saudi equity market. Our results show the presence of significant herding behaviour in the Saudi market; surprisingly this herding behaviour is independent of oil market volatility. Importantly, we find herding on and around the OPEC meeting days however this is only limited to a period of high global uncertainty that is, during the Global Financial Crisis period (GFC) of 2008–2010. However, when we filter out factor‐based herding in the Saudi equities, we also find persistent herding in the post GFC period. These …

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On The Energy Conversion Characteristics Of A Top-Mounted Pitching Absorber By Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Xiaobo Zheng, Guangmao Chen, Wenjin Cao, H Xu, Ruiwen Zhao, Q Xu, Morten Kramer, David Le Touzé, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Ye Li Jan 2021

On The Energy Conversion Characteristics Of A Top-Mounted Pitching Absorber By Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Xiaobo Zheng, Guangmao Chen, Wenjin Cao, H Xu, Ruiwen Zhao, Q Xu, Morten Kramer, David Le Touzé, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Ye Li

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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A Review Of The Uk And British Channel Islands Practical Tidal Stream Energy Resource, Daniel Coles, Athanasios Angeloudis, Deborah Greaves, Gordon Hastie, Matthew Lewis, Lucas Mackie, James Mcnaughton, Jon Miles, Simon Neill, Matthew Piggott, Denise Risch, Beth Scott, Carol Sparling, Tim Stallard, Philipp Thies, Stuart Walker, David White, Richard Willden, Benjamin Williamson Jan 2021

A Review Of The Uk And British Channel Islands Practical Tidal Stream Energy Resource, Daniel Coles, Athanasios Angeloudis, Deborah Greaves, Gordon Hastie, Matthew Lewis, Lucas Mackie, James Mcnaughton, Jon Miles, Simon Neill, Matthew Piggott, Denise Risch, Beth Scott, Carol Sparling, Tim Stallard, Philipp Thies, Stuart Walker, David White, Richard Willden, Benjamin Williamson

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

This review provides a critical, multi-faceted assessment of the practical contribution tidal stream energy can make to the UK and British Channel Islands future energy mix. Evidence is presented that broadly supports the latest national-scale practical resource estimate, of 34 TWh/year, equivalent to 11% of the UK’s current annual electricity demand. The size of the practical resource depends in part on the economic competitiveness of projects. In the UK, 124 MW of prospective tidal stream capacity is currently eligible to bid for subsidy support (MeyGen 1C, 80 MW; PTEC, 30 MW; and Morlais, 14 MW). It is estimated that the …

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An Evaluation Of The Social And Economic Impact Of A Marine Protected Area On Commercial Fisheries, Se Rees, Matthew Ashley, Louisa Evans, Stephen Mangi, Emma V. Sheehan, Tom Mullier, A Rees, Martin J. Attrill Jan 2021

An Evaluation Of The Social And Economic Impact Of A Marine Protected Area On Commercial Fisheries, Se Rees, Matthew Ashley, Louisa Evans, Stephen Mangi, Emma V. Sheehan, Tom Mullier, A Rees, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Handling The Heat: Responses Of Two Congeneric Limpet Species To Environmental Temperature Differences, Jc Redfern, A Foggo, N Mieszkowska Jan 2021

Handling The Heat: Responses Of Two Congeneric Limpet Species To Environmental Temperature Differences, Jc Redfern, A Foggo, N Mieszkowska

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Oil Boom, Exchange Rate And Sectoral Output: An Empirical Analysis Of Dutch Disease In Oil-Rich Countries, Marwan Alssadek, James Benhin Jan 2021

Oil Boom, Exchange Rate And Sectoral Output: An Empirical Analysis Of Dutch Disease In Oil-Rich Countries, Marwan Alssadek, James Benhin

Plymouth Business School

This paper examines the Dutch disease in a global sample of 36 oil-rich developed and developing countries for the period 1970 to 2016. It also examines the theory comprehensively by considering the two Dutch disease intermediate effects: spending and resource movement. Using panel data fixed effect with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors estimation approach, our results show that an oil boom causes appreciation in the real exchange rate and a fall in sectoral output, which is consistent with the theory. However, there is significant difference in the effects of oil boom on the real exchange rate and sectoral output among sub-regional groupings, …

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Modelling Regional And Local-Scale Larval Seeding Strategies For Abalone (H. Midae) Ranching In South Africa, R. Jak Mccarroll, Tim Scott, Erin V. King, Gerd Masselink, Benjamin J. Ciotti, Anton Cloete, Paul Pierre Steyn, Peter Britz, Niall G. Vine, Shaun H.P. Deyzel, Andrew Witte, Richard Clark Jan 2021

Modelling Regional And Local-Scale Larval Seeding Strategies For Abalone (H. Midae) Ranching In South Africa, R. Jak Mccarroll, Tim Scott, Erin V. King, Gerd Masselink, Benjamin J. Ciotti, Anton Cloete, Paul Pierre Steyn, Peter Britz, Niall G. Vine, Shaun H.P. Deyzel, Andrew Witte, Richard Clark

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Impacts Of Land Covers On Stormwater Runoff And Urban Development: A Land Use And Parcel Based Regression Approach, Long Zhou, Guoqiang Shen, C Li, Tian Chen, S Li, Robert Brown Jan 2021

Impacts Of Land Covers On Stormwater Runoff And Urban Development: A Land Use And Parcel Based Regression Approach, Long Zhou, Guoqiang Shen, C Li, Tian Chen, S Li, Robert Brown

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Extensive studies have shown that stormwater yield and quality in a city are heavily influenced by its land uses and land covers (LULC). However, the majority of these studies have been done at the major watershed levels using remote sensing data with only a few urban LULC types and at lower resolutions. This empirical study uses the City of Corvallis, Oregon in the U.S. as a case to establish robust regression relations between existing urban LULC and stormwater yield or quality at the land parcel level by environmental models and high-resolution spatial data. The environmental models are based on parcel-level …

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The Impact Of Ocean‐Wave Coupling On The Upper Ocean Circulation During Storm Events, D. Bruciaferri, M. Tonani, H. W. Lewis, J. R. Siddorn, A. Saulter, Sanchez Jm Castillo, N. G. Valiente, D. Conley, P. Sykes, I. Ascione, N. Mcconnell Jan 2021

The Impact Of Ocean‐Wave Coupling On The Upper Ocean Circulation During Storm Events, D. Bruciaferri, M. Tonani, H. W. Lewis, J. R. Siddorn, A. Saulter, Sanchez Jm Castillo, N. G. Valiente, D. Conley, P. Sykes, I. Ascione, N. Mcconnell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Many human activities rely on accurate knowledge of the sea surface dynamics. This is especially true during storm events, when wave-current interactions might represent a leading order process of the upper ocean. In this study, we assess and analyze the impact of including three wave-dependent processes in the ocean momentum equation of the Met Office North West European Shelf ocean-wave forecasting system on the accuracy of the simulated surface circulation. The analysis is conducted using ocean currents and Stokes drift data produced by different implementations of the coupled forecasting systems to simulate the trajectories of surface (iSphere) and 15 m …

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Spatial Variation In The Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diet, And Nutritional Condition Of A Juvenile Flatfish Among Coastal Habitats, Marc T. Morris, Chris Hauton, Alison J. Baylay, Luca Peruzza, Timothy E. Targett, Benjamin J. Ciotti Jan 2021

Spatial Variation In The Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diet, And Nutritional Condition Of A Juvenile Flatfish Among Coastal Habitats, Marc T. Morris, Chris Hauton, Alison J. Baylay, Luca Peruzza, Timothy E. Targett, Benjamin J. Ciotti

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Predicting Dominance Of Sand Transport By Waves, Tides, And Their Interactions On Sandy Continental Shelves, E. V. King, D. C. Conley, G. Masselink, N. Leonardi Jan 2021

Predicting Dominance Of Sand Transport By Waves, Tides, And Their Interactions On Sandy Continental Shelves, E. V. King, D. C. Conley, G. Masselink, N. Leonardi

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Emergent Coastal Behaviour Results In Extreme Dune Erosion Decoupled From Hydrodynamic Forcing, Simon Hird, Christopher Stokes, Gerd Masselink Jan 2021

Emergent Coastal Behaviour Results In Extreme Dune Erosion Decoupled From Hydrodynamic Forcing, Simon Hird, Christopher Stokes, Gerd Masselink

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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