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2021

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Articles 193831 - 193860 of 195889

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A Species-Wide Genetic Atlas Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Clostridioides Difficile, Korakrit Imwattana, César Rodríguez, Thomas V. Riley, Daniel R. Knight Jan 2021

A Species-Wide Genetic Atlas Of Antimicrobial Resistance In Clostridioides Difficile, Korakrit Imwattana, César Rodríguez, Thomas V. Riley, Daniel R. Knight

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and spread of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the leading healthcare-related gastrointestinal infection in the world. An association between AMR and CDI outbreaks is well documented, however, data is limited to a few ‘epidemic’ strains in specific geographical regions. Here, through detailed analysis of 10330 publicly-available C. difficile genomes from strains isolated worldwide (spanning 270 multilocus sequence types (STs) across all known evolu-tionary clades), this study provides the first species-wide snapshot of AMR genomic epidemiology in C. difficile. Of the 10330 C. difficile genomes, 4532 (43.9%) in 89 STs across clades …

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Shale Adhesion Force Measurements Via Atomic Force Microscopy, Nikolai Mitiurev, Michael Verrall, Svetlana Shilobreeva, Alireza Keshavarz, Stefan Iglauer Jan 2021

Shale Adhesion Force Measurements Via Atomic Force Microscopy, Nikolai Mitiurev, Michael Verrall, Svetlana Shilobreeva, Alireza Keshavarz, Stefan Iglauer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Wettability of sedimentary rock surface is an essential parameter that defines oil recovery and production rates of a reservoir. The discovery of wettability alteration in reservoirs, as well as complications that occur in analysis of heterogeneous sample, such as shale, for instance, have prompted scientists to look for the methods of wettability assessment at nanoscale. At the same time, bulk techniques, which are commonly applied, such as USBM (United States Bureau of Mines) or Amott tests, are not sensitive enough in cases with mixed wettability of rocks as they provide average wettability values of a core plug. Atomic Force Microscopy …

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Exploring The Implementation Of An Intervention For A Pupil With Mathematical Learning Difficulties: A Case Study, Kin Eng Chin, Sai Hoe Fu Jan 2021

Exploring The Implementation Of An Intervention For A Pupil With Mathematical Learning Difficulties: A Case Study, Kin Eng Chin, Sai Hoe Fu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study presents a single case study of how a remedial mathematics teacher incorporated an instructional intervention into her teaching practices in order to teach counting to a pupil with mathematical learning difficulties. This new theory-driven intervention was developed by the authors of this study. Dyscalculia is a term which refers to a wide range of mathematical learning difficulties or disabilities. Dyscalculic pupils have a specific mathematics learning disorder with a core deficit in representing and processing of numerosity. They might not be able to recognise numerical quantities, performing counting and so on. Early supports such as interventions have a …

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An Evolutionary Approach To Balancing And Disrupting Real-Time Strategy Games, Jacob Snell, Martin Masek, Chiou Peng Lam Jan 2021

An Evolutionary Approach To Balancing And Disrupting Real-Time Strategy Games, Jacob Snell, Martin Masek, Chiou Peng Lam

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In most computer games, the level of challenge experienced by a player is dependent on a range of variable factors defined within the game environment. When the end goal of such games is entertainment, the variables are carefully tuned by the designers to achieve a sense of fair, balanced gameplay. For military force design and wargaming applications, where the purpose is to explore elements of a real scenario, the question turns to how the variables can be exploited so as to provide the maximum advantage, and to disrupt the balance in favour of a particular side. In this paper, an …

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Common Worlding Pedagogies: Opening Up To Learning With Worlds, Affrica Taylor, Tatiana Zakharova, Maureen Cullen Jan 2021

Common Worlding Pedagogies: Opening Up To Learning With Worlds, Affrica Taylor, Tatiana Zakharova, Maureen Cullen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Common worlding is a collective pedagogical approach. It is also a deliberate move to open up education to worlds beyond narrow human preoccupations and concerns and beyond its standard framing as an exclusively social practice. In this article, we identify some of the guiding principles that underpin this approach and explain how they work out in practice. We do so by offering a selection of illustrative vignettes drawn from the Walking with Wildlife in Wild Weather Times early childhood research project in Canberra, Australia, and from the Witnessing the Ruins of Progress early childhood research collaboratory in Ontario, Canada.

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Customer Value Creation For The Emerging Market Middle Class: Perspectives From Case Studies In India, Rifat Sharmelly, Anton Klarin Jan 2021

Customer Value Creation For The Emerging Market Middle Class: Perspectives From Case Studies In India, Rifat Sharmelly, Anton Klarin

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper examines the customer value creation framework and discusses the design of the key elements for product development in emerging markets. A scientometric/bibliometric scoping literature review identifies a clear gap in the current research in studying prerequisites for customer value creation in emerging market contexts. Observing experiences of Daikin and Renault in the context of India, the purpose of this paper is to identify value creation strategic choices following which comprehensive customer value offerings in products and services can be successfully created by firms across the four facets of the framework in emerging markets. Value creation strategies include having …

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Does Warfarin Or Rivaroxaban At Low Anticoagulation Intensity Provide A Survival Benefit To Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation?, Dong Lin, Yequn Chen, Jian Yong, Shiwan Wu, Yan Zhou, Weiping Li, Xuerui Tan, Ruisheng Liu Jan 2021

Does Warfarin Or Rivaroxaban At Low Anticoagulation Intensity Provide A Survival Benefit To Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation?, Dong Lin, Yequn Chen, Jian Yong, Shiwan Wu, Yan Zhou, Weiping Li, Xuerui Tan, Ruisheng Liu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Low-dose rivaroxaban and low-intensity warfarin are widely used in Asia for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, in Asians, it is unclear whether low-dose rivaroxaban and low-intensity warfarin can improve the prognosis of AF. In this study, we investigate the survival benefits of low-dose rivaroxaban and low-intensity warfarin in Asian patients with AF in clinical practice. Methods: This cohort study used medical records in a single tertiary hospital in China, between 2019 and 2020, to identify patients with AF who used rivaroxaban or warfarin, or had no anticoagulant therapy. Follow-ups were performed through telephone contact or medical record review. …

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Impact Of Covid-19 On Cryptocurrencies: Evidence On Information Transmission Through Economic And Financial Market Sentiments, Irfan Haider Shakri, Jaime Yong, Erwei Xiang Jan 2021

Impact Of Covid-19 On Cryptocurrencies: Evidence On Information Transmission Through Economic And Financial Market Sentiments, Irfan Haider Shakri, Jaime Yong, Erwei Xiang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper investigates the relationship between the COVID-19 crisis and the two leading cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin and Ethereum, from 31 December 2019 to 18 August 2020. We also use an economic news sentiment index and financial market sentiment index to explore the possible mechanisms through which COVID-19 impacts cryptocurrency. We employ a VAR Granger Causality framework and Wavelet Coherence Analysis and find the cryptocurrency market was impacted in the early phase of the sample period through economic news and financial market sentiments, but this effect diminished after June 2020.

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Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesity In Chinese Middle-Aged And Older Adults With A Normal Body Mass Index And Its Association With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study From 2011 To 2018, Xuan Chen, Mingrui Duan, Rui Hou, Manqi Zheng, Haibin Li, Manjot Singh, Changwei Li, Kuo Liu, Feng Zhang, Xinghua Yang, Yanxia Luo, Yan He, Lijuan Wu, Deqiang Zheng Jan 2021

Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesity In Chinese Middle-Aged And Older Adults With A Normal Body Mass Index And Its Association With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study From 2011 To 2018, Xuan Chen, Mingrui Duan, Rui Hou, Manqi Zheng, Haibin Li, Manjot Singh, Changwei Li, Kuo Liu, Feng Zhang, Xinghua Yang, Yanxia Luo, Yan He, Lijuan Wu, Deqiang Zheng

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Few studies have focused on the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Chinese middle-aged and older adults with a normal body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, it is still unclear whether abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants with a normal BMI are usually neglected during assessments of abdominal obesity-associated T2DM risk since the current recommendations for medical interventions are mainly focused on overall body mass index rather than fat deposition patterns. Methods: In this study, 7942 normal-BMI participants aged over 45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included to …

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Psychological Distress And Quality Of Life Following Provision Of Vascular Imaging Results Of The Coronary And Carotid Arteries To Asymptomatic Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol, Reindolf Anokye, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Joanne M. Dickson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis, Mandy Stanley Jan 2021

Psychological Distress And Quality Of Life Following Provision Of Vascular Imaging Results Of The Coronary And Carotid Arteries To Asymptomatic Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol, Reindolf Anokye, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Joanne M. Dickson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Non-invasive screening for atherosclerosis or asymptomatic cardiovascular disease of the coronary and carotid arteries is commonly undertaken, and research has been focussed on how results from these screenings lead to behaviour change. However, no review has focused on the effects of these results on psychological distress and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This protocol will outline how a scoping review will be conducted to map all available evidence on psychological distress and/or HRQoL outcomes following the provision of vascular imaging results of the coronary and carotid arteries. Methods: Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework subsequently enhanced by Levac et al. …

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The Open Maritime Traffic Analysis Dataset, Martin Masek, Chiou Peng Lam, Travis Rybicki, Jacob Snell, Daniel Wheat, Luke Kelly, Damion Glassborow, Cheryl Smith-Gander Jan 2021

The Open Maritime Traffic Analysis Dataset, Martin Masek, Chiou Peng Lam, Travis Rybicki, Jacob Snell, Daniel Wheat, Luke Kelly, Damion Glassborow, Cheryl Smith-Gander

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Ships traverse the world’s oceans for a diverse range of reasons, including the bulk transportation of goods and resources, carriage of people, exploration and fishing. The size of the oceans and the fact that they connect a multitude of different countries provide challenges in ensuring the safety of vessels at sea and the prevention of illegal activities. To assist with the tracking of ships at sea, the International Maritime Organisation stipulates the use of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) on board ships. The AIS system periodically broadcasts details of a ship’s position, speed and heading, along with other parameters corresponding …

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Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Impact Of Covid-19 On Writing Instruction In Australia, Margaret K. Merga, Anabela Malpique, Saiyidi Mat Roni, Debora Valcan, Susan Ledger Jan 2021

Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Impact Of Covid-19 On Writing Instruction In Australia, Margaret K. Merga, Anabela Malpique, Saiyidi Mat Roni, Debora Valcan, Susan Ledger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Education interruption can influence educational outcomes for students, particularly those already experiencing disadvantage. Little is known about how education interruption caused by COVID-19 has influenced the literacy learning of Australian students. This article provides insights into the impact of COVID-19 related education interruption on writing instruction of primary school aged children from the perspectives of their teachers. Drawing on data from a single-stage mixed-methods survey tool, it explores extent of perception of an impact of COVID-19 writing instruction in Australia, as well as capturing data on the nature of this perceived impact. As expected, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact …

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Identifying Critical Features Of Type Two Diabetes Prevention Interventions: A Delphi Study With Key Stakeholders, Jillian C. Ryan, Bonnie Wiggins, Sarah Edney, Grant D. Brinkworth, Natalie D. Luscombe-March, Kristin V. Carson-Chahhoud, Pennie J. Taylor, Annemien A. Haveman-Nies, David N. Cox Jan 2021

Identifying Critical Features Of Type Two Diabetes Prevention Interventions: A Delphi Study With Key Stakeholders, Jillian C. Ryan, Bonnie Wiggins, Sarah Edney, Grant D. Brinkworth, Natalie D. Luscombe-March, Kristin V. Carson-Chahhoud, Pennie J. Taylor, Annemien A. Haveman-Nies, David N. Cox

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aims This study aims to identify critically important features of digital type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention interventions. Methods A stakeholder mapping exercise was undertaken to identify key end-user and professional stakeholders, followed by a three-round Delphi procedure to generate and evaluate evidence statements related to the critical elements of digital T2DM prevention interventions in terms of product (intervention), price (funding models/financial cost), place (distribution/delivery channels), and promotion (target audiences). Results End-user (n = 38) and professional (n = 38) stakeholders including patients, dietitians, credentialed diabetes educators, nurses, medical doctors, research scientists, and exercise physiologists participated in the Delphi study. …

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The Potential Of Involving Communities To Enhance Stem Education, Paula Mildenhall, Bronwen Cowie Jan 2021

The Potential Of Involving Communities To Enhance Stem Education, Paula Mildenhall, Bronwen Cowie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

By engaging students in everyday issues and events, STEM education can contribute to the development of citizens who are equipped to make the world a better place. However, students’ STEM learning with this focus requires teachers to identify age and context appropriate issues. Student investigation of local issues and events can be motivating for students. Their learning can benefit from involvement with community members who input their knowledge and ideas. Students can contribute ideas and actions to the community, especially when there is a two-way exchange of information from the community to students and students to the community. In this …

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Interpretable, Not Black-Box, Artificial Intelligence Should Be Used For Embryo Selection, Michael Anis Mihdi Afnan, Yanhe Liu, Vincent Conitzer, Cynthia Rudin, Abhishek Mishra, Julian Savulescu, Masoud Afnan Jan 2021

Interpretable, Not Black-Box, Artificial Intelligence Should Be Used For Embryo Selection, Michael Anis Mihdi Afnan, Yanhe Liu, Vincent Conitzer, Cynthia Rudin, Abhishek Mishra, Julian Savulescu, Masoud Afnan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are starting to be used in IVF, in particular for selecting which embryos to transfer to the woman. AI has the potential to process complex data sets, to be better at identifying subtle but important patterns, and to be more objective than humans when evaluating embryos. However, a current review of the literature shows much work is still needed before AI can be ethically implemented for this purpose. No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published, and the efficacy studies which exist demonstrate that algorithms can broadly differentiate well between ‘good-’ and ‘poor-’ quality embryos but …

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Realization And Optimization Of Optical Logic Gates Using Bias Assisted Carrier-Injected Triple Parallel Microring Resonators, Fayza Kizhakkakath, Sooraj Ravindran, Kwangwook Park, Kamal Alameh, Yong Tak Lee Jan 2021

Realization And Optimization Of Optical Logic Gates Using Bias Assisted Carrier-Injected Triple Parallel Microring Resonators, Fayza Kizhakkakath, Sooraj Ravindran, Kwangwook Park, Kamal Alameh, Yong Tak Lee

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

We propose a p-i-n diode embedded parallel triple microring resonator (MRR) configuration to simultaneously realize optical OR and AND, or NAND and NOR logic gates using a bias-assisted carrier injection mechanism. The applied bias on the rings induces refractive index change in the intrinsic region through bandfilling, bandgap shrinkage and free carrier absorption effects, leading to intensity variation at the output ports of the MRR due to respective resonant wavelength shift. The optical logic gate operational outputs are represented as the light intensities at the output ports of the MRR with the wavelength of the input optical signal launched into …

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The State Of Micro-Credentials Implementation And Practice In Australasian Higher Education, Ratna Selvaratnam, Michael Sankey Jan 2021

The State Of Micro-Credentials Implementation And Practice In Australasian Higher Education, Ratna Selvaratnam, Michael Sankey

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Micro-credentialing is rapidly growing globally as learning that is both life-long and life-wide and this has only accelerated due to COVID-19. To understand what this means for higher education, The Australasian Council on Open, Distance and eLearning has conducted two surveys on the implementation and practice of micro-credentialing in the Australasian sector. With the surveys conducted a year apart, before and after the pandemic, significant changes are noted in the delivery of learning. The results show an increased interest and intention in rolling out micro-credentials, as evidenced, particularly, in work undertaken at the policy level. However, in relation to actual …

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A Cross Sectional Survey Of International Horse-Racing Authorities On Injury Data Collection And Reporting Practices For Professional Jockeys, Siobhán O'Connor, Peta L. Hitchens, Charlotte Bolwell, Rachel Annan, Adrian Mcgoldrick, Lauren V. Fortington Jan 2021

A Cross Sectional Survey Of International Horse-Racing Authorities On Injury Data Collection And Reporting Practices For Professional Jockeys, Siobhán O'Connor, Peta L. Hitchens, Charlotte Bolwell, Rachel Annan, Adrian Mcgoldrick, Lauren V. Fortington

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Jockey injuries are common in professional horse-racing and can result in life-threatening or career-ending outcomes. Robust injury data are essential to understand the circumstances of injury occurrence and ultimately identify prevention opportunities. This study aimed to identify jockey injury surveillance practices of international horse-racing authorities (HRAs) and the specific data items collected and reported by each HRA. A cross-sectional survey of representatives (e.g. Chief Medical Officer) from international HRAs was conducted. An online and paper questionnaire was designed comprised of 32 questions. Questions considered the barriers and facilitators to data collection within each HRA, and where available, what data were …

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Individual-Based Modelling Of Cyanobacteria Blooms: Physical And Physiological Processes, Mohammad H. Ranjbar, David P. Hamilton, Amir Etemad-Shahidi, Fernanda Helfer Jan 2021

Individual-Based Modelling Of Cyanobacteria Blooms: Physical And Physiological Processes, Mohammad H. Ranjbar, David P. Hamilton, Amir Etemad-Shahidi, Fernanda Helfer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Lakes and reservoirs throughout the world are increasingly adversely affected by cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs). The development and spatiotemporal distributions of blooms are governed by complex physical mixing and transport processes that interact with physiological processes affecting the growth and loss of bloom-forming species. Individual-based models (IBMs) can provide a valuable tool for exploring and integrating some of these processes. Here we contend that the advantages of IBMs have not been fully exploited. The main reasons for the lack of progress in mainstreaming IBMs in numerical modelling are their complexity and high computational demand. In this review, we identify …

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Vaginal Microbial Profiling In A Preterm Birth High-Risk Cohort Using Shallow Shotgun Metagenomics, Alishum Ali, Claus T. Christophersen, Jeffrey A. Keelan Jan 2021

Vaginal Microbial Profiling In A Preterm Birth High-Risk Cohort Using Shallow Shotgun Metagenomics, Alishum Ali, Claus T. Christophersen, Jeffrey A. Keelan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Preterm birth (PTB) is a significant health problem globally, with an estimate of 15 million cases annually. Approximately 10% of neonates born early will die prematurely, while a subset will develop severe life-long morbidities. Unfortunately, preterm birth's syndromic nature has evaded prevention strategies, and it continues to impose a high burden on healthcare systems and families. The role of vaginal bacteria in triggering biomolecular causes of PTB has been recognised for years. However, translating this knowledge to practical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies has remained elusive. New techniques in high-throughput sequencing have improved our understanding of the nature and role of …

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Fecal Sample Collection Methods And Time Of Day Impact Microbiome Composition And Short Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations, Jacquelyn Jones, Stacey N. Reinke, Alishum Ali, Debra J. Palmer, Claus T. Christophersen Jan 2021

Fecal Sample Collection Methods And Time Of Day Impact Microbiome Composition And Short Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations, Jacquelyn Jones, Stacey N. Reinke, Alishum Ali, Debra J. Palmer, Claus T. Christophersen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Associations between the human gut microbiome and health outcomes continues to be of great interest, although fecal sample collection methods which impact microbiome studies are sometimes neglected. Here, we expand on previous work in sample optimization, to promote high quality microbiome data. To compare fecal sample collection methods, amplicons from the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V4) and fungal (ITS2) region, as well as short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were determined in fecal material over three timepoints. We demonstrated that spot sampling of stool results in variable detection of some microbial members, and inconsistent levels of SCFA; therefore, sample homogenization …

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Using Realist Approaches In Nutrition And Dietetics Research, Gemma Jenkins, Isabella Maugeri, Claire Palermo, Rebecca Hardwick Jan 2021

Using Realist Approaches In Nutrition And Dietetics Research, Gemma Jenkins, Isabella Maugeri, Claire Palermo, Rebecca Hardwick

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the use and future potential of realist approaches to research in nutrition and dietetics. Methods: A targeted literature review was used to search key journals (n = 7) in nutrition and dietetics to identify existing research using a realist approach. A narrative synthesis was conducted to explore findings in relation to the research aim. Results: Nine research papers (four realist evaluations, five realist reviews) describing seven nutrition interventions were found, which revealed the application of realist research in nutrition and dietetics has focused on public health interventions. Realist research provided a …

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Insights Into The Cultured Bacterial Fraction Of Corals, Michael Sweet, Helena Villela, Tina Keller-Costa, Rodrigo Costa, Stefano Romano, David G. Bourne, Anny Cárdenas, Megan J. Huggett, Allison H. Kerwin, Felicity Kuek, Mónica Medina, Julie L. Meyer, Moritz Müller, F. Joseph Pollock, Michael S. Rappé, Mathieu Sere, Koty H. Sharp, Christian R. Voolstra, Nathan Zaccardi, Maren Ziegler, Raquel Peixoto Jan 2021

Insights Into The Cultured Bacterial Fraction Of Corals, Michael Sweet, Helena Villela, Tina Keller-Costa, Rodrigo Costa, Stefano Romano, David G. Bourne, Anny Cárdenas, Megan J. Huggett, Allison H. Kerwin, Felicity Kuek, Mónica Medina, Julie L. Meyer, Moritz Müller, F. Joseph Pollock, Michael S. Rappé, Mathieu Sere, Koty H. Sharp, Christian R. Voolstra, Nathan Zaccardi, Maren Ziegler, Raquel Peixoto

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Bacteria associated with coral hosts are diverse and abundant, with recent studies suggesting involvement of these symbionts in host resilience to anthropogenic stress. Despite their putative importance, the work dedicated to culturing coral-associated bacteria has received little attention. Combining published and unpublished data, here we report a comprehensive overview of the diversity and function of culturable bacteria isolated from corals originating from tropical, temperate, and cold-water habitats. A total of 3,055 isolates from 52 studies were considered by our metasurvey. Of these, 1,045 had full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, spanning 138 formally described and 12 putatively novel bacterial genera across …

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Effect Of Occupational Therapy Home Visit Discharge Planning On Participation After Stroke: Protocol For The Home Rehab Trial, Natasha A. Lannin, Lindy Clemson, Avril Drummond, Mandy Stanley, Leonid Churilov, Kate Laver, Sophie O'Keefe, Ian Cameron, Maria Crotty, Tim Usherwood, Nadine E. Andrew, Laura Jolliffe, Dominique A. Cadilhac Jan 2021

Effect Of Occupational Therapy Home Visit Discharge Planning On Participation After Stroke: Protocol For The Home Rehab Trial, Natasha A. Lannin, Lindy Clemson, Avril Drummond, Mandy Stanley, Leonid Churilov, Kate Laver, Sophie O'Keefe, Ian Cameron, Maria Crotty, Tim Usherwood, Nadine E. Andrew, Laura Jolliffe, Dominique A. Cadilhac

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: After first stroke, the transition from rehabilitation to home can be confronting and fraught with challenges. Although stroke clinical practice guidelines recommend predischarge occupational therapy home visits to ensure safe discharge and provision of appropriate equipment, there is currently limited evidence to support this recommendation. Methods and analysis: The HOME Rehab trial is a national, multicentre, phase III randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinded assessment and intention-to-treat analysis being conducted in Australia. The trial aim is to determine the effect and potential cost-effectiveness of an enhanced occupational therapy discharge planning intervention that involves pre and postdischarge home visits, …

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Critical Role Of General Practitioners In Preventing Readmission Following Emergency Department Alcohol Screening And Brief Intervention Management Of Alcohol-Related Problems, Simon Hazeldine, Imogen Davies, Robert J. Tait, John K. Olynyk Jan 2021

Critical Role Of General Practitioners In Preventing Readmission Following Emergency Department Alcohol Screening And Brief Intervention Management Of Alcohol-Related Problems, Simon Hazeldine, Imogen Davies, Robert J. Tait, John K. Olynyk

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction/Objectives: Alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI) strategies are useful in general practice (GP) but their effectiveness in the emergency department (ED) is unclear. We evaluated the effect of ED-based ASBI on re-admissions. Methods: 453 ED subjects exceeding the threshold score on the three-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (females 3+: males 4+) were randomized. We conducted telephone follow-up at 1 and 3 months and recorded hospital events 6 months pre- and post-enrolment. Results: Median weekly alcohol use was 20 standard drinks (interquartile range (IQR) 9-45) on enrolment. After 3 months, 247 (55%) were able to be re-interviewed. Median alcohol …

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Association Between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese: The Beijing Longitudinal Study Of Aging, Xue Cao, Zhe Tang, Jie Zhang, Haibin Li, Manjot Singh, Fei Sun, Xiaochun Li, Changwei Li, Youxin Wang, Xiuhua Guo, Deqiang Zheng Jan 2021

Association Between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese: The Beijing Longitudinal Study Of Aging, Xue Cao, Zhe Tang, Jie Zhang, Haibin Li, Manjot Singh, Fei Sun, Xiaochun Li, Changwei Li, Youxin Wang, Xiuhua Guo, Deqiang Zheng

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Some previous studies on different populations have yielded inconsistent findings with respect to the relationship between levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. This study was designed to gain further insight into this relationship through a cohort study with a 25-year follow-up duration. Methods: In total, 1462 individuals that were 55 years of age or older and were free of T2DM at baseline were enrolled in the present study. T2DM incidence among this study population was detected through self-reported diagnoses or the concentration of fasting plasma glucose. The data were derived from …

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Patterns Of Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis In Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Series, Sarah Picard, Desiree Goh, Ashley Tan, Nisha Sikotra, Eli Gabbay, Tim Clay Jan 2021

Patterns Of Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis In Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Series, Sarah Picard, Desiree Goh, Ashley Tan, Nisha Sikotra, Eli Gabbay, Tim Clay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Immunotherapy has become an efficacious option in the management of solid organ malignancies. Immune-related adverse events including pneumonitis are well described and may be particularly of concern in patients receiving immunotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Case presentations: In this paper, we describe three cases of immunotherapy-induced pneumonitis occurring in the management of lung malignancy. Our cases include a 54-year-old Caucasian woman with squamous cell lung cancer who was successfully rechallenged with immunotherapy after prior significant pneumonitis, a 65-year-old Caucasian man with metastatic squamous cell lung cancer who developed pneumonitis after multiple cycles of uneventful immunotherapy, and a 73-year-old Caucasian …

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Factors Driving The Compositional Diversity Of Apis Mellifera Bee Venom From A Corymbia Calophylla (Marri) Ecosystem, Southwestern Australia, Daniela Scaccabarozzi, Kenneth Dods, Thao T. Le, Joel P. A. Gummer, Michele Lussu, Lynne Milne, Tristan Campbell, Ben Pan Wafujian, Colin Priddis Jan 2021

Factors Driving The Compositional Diversity Of Apis Mellifera Bee Venom From A Corymbia Calophylla (Marri) Ecosystem, Southwestern Australia, Daniela Scaccabarozzi, Kenneth Dods, Thao T. Le, Joel P. A. Gummer, Michele Lussu, Lynne Milne, Tristan Campbell, Ben Pan Wafujian, Colin Priddis

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Bee venom (BV) is the most valuable product harvested from honeybees ($30 - $300 USD per gram) but marginally produced in apiculture. Though widely studied and used in alternative medicine, recent efforts in BV research have focused on its therapeutic and cosmetic applications, for the treatment of degenerative and infectious diseases. The protein and peptide composition of BV is integral to its bioactivity, yet little research has investigated the ecological factors influencing the qualitative and quantitative variations in the BV composition. Bee venom from Apis mellifera ligustica (Apidae), collected over one flowering season of Corymbia calophylla (Myrtaceae; marri) was characterized …

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Effect Of Goji Berry On The Formation Of Extracellular Senile Plaques Of Alzheimer's Disease, Warnakulasuriya M. A. D. B. Fernando, Ke Dong, Rosalie Durham, Regine Stockmann, Vijay Jayasena Jan 2021

Effect Of Goji Berry On The Formation Of Extracellular Senile Plaques Of Alzheimer's Disease, Warnakulasuriya M. A. D. B. Fernando, Ke Dong, Rosalie Durham, Regine Stockmann, Vijay Jayasena

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and a major source of morbidity and mortality. Currently, no therapy nor drug can cure or modify AD progression, but recent studies suggest that nutritional compounds in certain foods can delay or prevent the onset of AD. Diets with high antioxidants is one of the examples which is believed to influence AD pathogenesis through direct effect on amyloid beta levels. Compared to other fruits and vegetables, goji berry (GB) has high levels of polyphenolic substances with antioxidant activities which have shown some positive effects on cognitive function while its mechanism …

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Kelp-Associated Microbes Facilitate Spatial Subsidy In A Detrital-Based Food Web In A Shoreline Ecosystem, Charu Lata Singh, Megan J. Huggett, Paul S. Lavery, Christin Säwström, Glenn A. Hyndes Jan 2021

Kelp-Associated Microbes Facilitate Spatial Subsidy In A Detrital-Based Food Web In A Shoreline Ecosystem, Charu Lata Singh, Megan J. Huggett, Paul S. Lavery, Christin Säwström, Glenn A. Hyndes

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Microbes are ubiquitous but our knowledge of their effects on consumers is limited in benthic marine systems. Shorelines often form hotspots of microbial and detritivore activity due to the large amounts of detrital macrophytes that are exported from other coastal ecosystems, such as kelp forests, and accumulate in these systems. Shoreline ecosystems therefore provide a useful model system to examine microbial-detritivore interactions. We experimentally test whether bacteria in the biofilm of kelp provide a bottom-up influence on growth and reproductive output of detritivores in shorelines where detrital kelp accumulates, by manipulating the bacterial abundances on kelp (Ecklonia radiata). The growth …

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