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Status Reports Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Of Western Australia 2020/21, S.J. Newman, B.S. Wise, K.G. Santoro, D.J. Gaughan

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of Western Australia (SRFAR) provide an annual update on the state of the fish stocks and other aquatic resources of Western Australia (WA). These reports outline the most recent assessments of the cumulative risk status for each of the aquatic resources (assets) within WA’s six Bioregions using an Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) approach. The Departments’ risk based EBFM framework is the State government’s basis for management of all Western Australia’s aquatic resources.

Olfactory Dysfunction At Six Months After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection, S R. Leedman, M Sheeraz, P G. Sanfilippo, Dale W. Edgar, G V. D'Aulerio, D M. Robb, T Richards, C C. Blyth, D A. Mackey

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: This study aimed to assess olfactory dysfunction in patients at six months after confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 infection.

Methods: Coronavirus disease 2019 positive patients were assessed six months following diagnosis. Patient data were recoded as part of the adapted International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium Protocol. Olfactory dysfunction was assessed using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.

Results: Fifty-six patients were included. At six months after coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis, 64.3 per cent of patients (n = 36) were normosmic, 28.6 per cent (n = 16) had mild to moderate microsmia and 7 per …

Modulators Of Change-Of-Direction Economy After Repeated Sprints In Elite Soccer Players, Filippo Dolci, Andrew E. Kilding, Tania Spiteri, Paola Chivers, Ben Piggott, Andrew Maiorana, Nicolas H. Hart

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: To investigate the acute effect of repeated-sprint activity (RSA) on change-of-direction economy (assessed using shuttle running economy [SRE]) in soccer players and explore neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory characteristics that may modulate this effect.

Methods: Eleven young elite male soccer players (18.5 [1.4] y old) were tested on 2 different days during a 2-week period in their preseason. On day 1, lower-body stiffness, power and force were assessed via countermovement jumps, followed by an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion to measure maximal aerobic capacity. On day 2, 2 SRE tests were performed before and after a repeated-sprint protocol with …

A Prospective Pilot Study Of The Energy Balance Profiles In Acute Non-Severe Burn Patients, Tyler Osborne, Dale Edgar, Paul Gittings, Fiona Wood, Thomas Le Huray, Brodie Allan, Brendan R. Scott, Bradley Wall

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Background:Major burn patients have been shown to exhibit a hyper-metabolic state of activity which can persist for up to two years after burn. The relationship between total body surface area (TBSA) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) has been investigated in larger burns (≥20% TBSA), however not in non-severe burns (≤15% TBSA). The primary aim of this observational study was to examine the association between the acute effects of burns

Methods: The study included data from 39 participants (82% male), all admitted to the State Adult Burn Unit at Fiona Stanley Hospital. Each patient was recruited upon admission and RMR …

Characteristics Of Quality Activities In A Tertiary Teaching Hospital In Western Australia, Qun Catherine Li, Jonathan Karnon, Simon Towler, James Codde

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: This study aims to describe the characteristics of quality activities in a tertiary quaternary hospital in Western Australia.

Methods: Data from the study hospital’s electronic quality management system Governance, Evidence, Knowledge and Outcome between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 was analysed by using descriptive and thematic methods.

Results: Quality assurance (QA) accounted for 68.3% of all quality activities in the study hospital. Principal investigators of activities were mostly in clinical roles and relatively senior in their profession. Collaboration within the same profession and same team was common, but much less so across departments. The median quality cycle …

Exploring The Association Between Stroke And Acute Myocardial Infarction And Statins Adherence Following A Medicines Co-Payment Increase, Karla L. Seaman, Max K. Bulsara, Frank M. Sanfilippo, Anna Kemp-Casey, Elizabeth E. Roughead, Caroline Bulsara, Gerald F. Watts, David B. Preen

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: Patient contributions (co-payments) for one months’ supply of a publicly-subsidised medicine in Australia were increased by 21% in January 2005 (US$2.73-$3.31 for social security recipients and $17.05- $20.58 for others). This study investigates the relationship between patients’ use of statin medication and hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome and stroke, following this large increase in co-payments.

Methods: We designed a retrospective cohort study of all patients in Western Australia who were dispensed statin medication between 2004 and 05. Data for the cohort was obtained from State and Federal linked databases. We divided the cohort into those who discontinued, reduced or …

Quantification Of The Negative Impact Of Sedation And Inotropic Support On Achieving Early Mobility In Burn Patients In Icu: A Single Center Observational Study, Lauren Bright, Lisa Van Der Lee, Dana Hince, Fiona M. Wood, Dale W. Edgar

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: Early rehabilitation for burns survivors in the intensive care unit (ICU) is arguably more challenging than the general population. Early achievement of functional verticality milestones (FVMs) has the potential to ameliorate the detrimental effects of bed rest and immobility observed in ICU patients and reduce healthcare costs. However, the time to achieving FVMs after burn injury is influenced by factors such as sedation practices, cardiovascular stability, mechanical ventilation, acute skin reconstruction and length of stay (LOS) during the acute intensive care period.

Objectives/Aims: The aims of this study were to identify the association between early achievement of FVMs and …

Situationism, Capacities And Culpability, Adam Piovarchy

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

The situationist experiments demonstrate that most people’s behaviour is influenced by environmental factors much more than we expect, and that ordinary people can be led to behave very immorally. A number of philosophers have investigated whether these experiments demonstrate that subjects’ responsibility-relevant capacities are impeded. This paper considers how, in practice, we can assess when agents have a reduced capacity to avoid wrongdoing. It critiques some previously offered strategies including appeals to the reasonable person standard, appeals to counterfactuals and understandability of behaviour, and appeals to base rates of wrongdoing. It then proposes we should think a certain factor impeded …

Reducing Hospital Discharges Back Into Homelessness, Jake Turvey, Isaac Wood, Lisa Wood, Amanda Stafford

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Post-Stroke Lateropulsion And Rehabilitation Outcomes: A Retrospective Analysis, Jessica Nolan, Erin Godecke, Katrina Spilsbury, Barbara Singer

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Purpose: A person with post-stroke lateropulsion actively pushes themselves toward their hemiplegic side, or resists moving onto their non-hemiplegic side. This study aimed to determine the association of lateropulsion severity with: • Change in function (Functional Independence Measure – FIM) and lateropulsion severity (Four-Point Pusher Score – 4PPS) during inpatient rehabilitation; • Inpatient rehabilitation length of stay (LOS); • Discharge destination from inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: Retrospective data for 1,087 participants (aged ≥65 years) admitted to a stroke rehabilitation unit (2005–2018) were analysed using multivariable regression models.

Results: Complete resolution of lateropulsion was seen in 69.4% of those with mild lateropulsion …

Is There An Association Between The Vaginal Microbiome And First Trimester Miscarriage? A Prospective Observational Study, Monica Shahid, Julie A. Quinlivan, George Mendz, Michael Peek, Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Aim

To examine whether there are differences in the vaginal microbiome of women who miscarry compared to those who have normal pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

Prospective observational study conducted at the Canberra Hospital, Australia, with 24 participant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. The vaginal microbiomes of the 24 women were characterized using sequencing analysis of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene employing an Illumina MiSeq instrument with QIAGEN reagents. Vaginal microbiome data were correlated with pregnancy clinical metadata.

Results

Ordination plots showed differences in the composition of microbiomes of women who miscarried and controls. In nulliparous women, …

Influence Of Age And Maturation Status On Sprint Acceleration Characteristics In Junior Australian Football, Toby Edwards, Jonathon Weakley, Harry G. Banyard, Ashley Cripps, Benjamin Piggott, G. Gregory Haff, Christopher Joyce

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

This study aimed to investigate the influence of chronological age and maturation status on sprint acceleration characteristics in junior Australian football (AF) players. Biological maturity of 109 subjects was assessed and subjects were grouped according to predicted years from peak height velocity (PHV) (pre-, mid-, and post-PHV) and chronological age (13 years, 14 years, and 15 years). A one-way multivariate analysis of variance and magnitude-based decisions were used to determine between-group differences. Instantaneous velocity was measured during two maximal 30m sprints via radar gun with the velocity-time data used to derive the force, velocity, and power characteristics. Chronologically, the greatest …

Wellbeing And Nature Connectedness For Emerging Adult Undergraduates After A Short Expedition: A Small Pilot Study, Michael J.A Down, Paola Chivers, Prudence Kirsch, Duncan Picknoll

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Issue addressed: Emerging adult university undergraduates are a vulnerable population due to various life stressors. Previous studies have reported a range of positive outcomes from outdoor expeditions for this population. This small pilot study aimed to investigate the impacts of an outdoor expedition on wellbeing and connectedness to nature and possible confounding by gender and living environment.

Methods: A sample of 54 Health and Physical Education emerging adult undergraduates in the second year of their four-year degree completed a 3-day/2-night immersion expedition. Pre-post differences and a repeated-measures analysis with confounders examined the expedition's impact on scores from the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental …

Open Science In Kenya: Where Are We?, Kennedy W. Mwangi, Nyabuti Mainye, Daniel O. Ouso, Kevin Esoh, Angela W. Muraya, Charles K. Mwangi, Careen Naitore, Pauline Karega, Gilbert Kibet-Rono, Sebastian Musundi, Jennifer Mutisya, Elizabeth Mwangi, Cavin Mgawe, Silviane Miruka, Caleb K. Kibet

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Open Science is the movement to make scientific research and data accessible to all. It has great potential for advancing science. At its core, it includes (but is not limited to) open access, open data, and open research. Some of the associated advantages are promoting collaboration, sharing and reproducibility in research, and preventing the reinvention of the wheel, thus saving resources. As research becomes more globalized and its output grows exponentially, especially in data, the need for open scientific research practices is more evident — the future of modern …

Microbial Contaminants In Wild Harvested And Traded Edible Long-Horned Grasshopper, Ruspolia Differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) In Uganda, S. Labu, S. Subramanian, F. M. Khamis, P. Akite, P. Kasangaki, M. Chemurot, C. M. Tanga, F. L.O. Ombura, J. P. Egonyu

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

This study investigated the relative abundance and identity of microbial contaminants of the edible long-horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens) harvested from the wild and traded in informal markets in Uganda, to reveal high health risk points. Raw samples of whole R. differens were collected from wild vegetation, trapping sites and markets. Additionally, samples of plucked and deep-fried ready-to-eat R. differens were collected from the markets. The samples were cultured on standard media for microbial quantification, and pure cultures were characterised using molecular techniques. Bacterial and fungal counts in deep fried ready-to-eat R. differens were ~3 and 2-fold lower, respectively, than in …

Black Soldier Fly Larval Meal In Feed Enhances Growth Performance, Carcass Yield And Meat Quality Of Finishing Pigs, S. Y. Chia, C. M. Tanga, I. M. Osuga, A. O. Alaru, D. M. Mwangi, M. Githinji, T. Dubois, S. Ekesi, J. J.A. Van Loon, M. Dicke

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Using black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larvae as a novel protein source substituting fishmeal (FM) in animal feeds is globally gaining momentum. BSF can be reared on agro-industrial residues. However, incorporating BSF larval meal (BSFLM) into finisher pig diets has received inadequate attention. This study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary FM with BSFLM on growth, carcass traits and meat quality of finisher pigs. A control diet (including FM: 0% BSFLM) was compared with four dietary levels of replacement of FM with BSFLM at 25, 50, 75 or 100%. Forty hybrid pigs (crossbreeds of purebred Large White and Landrace) …

Effect Of Zebra Skin-Derived Compounds On Field Catches Of The Human African Trypanosomiasis Vector Glossina Fuscipes Fuscipes, Olabimpe Y. Olaide, David P. Tchouassi, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Daniel K. Masiga, Rajinder K. Saini, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The riverine tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes is a major vector of trypanosome pathogens causing African trypanosomiasis. This fly species uses a combination of olfactory and visual cues to locate its hosts. Previously, traps and targets baited with visual cues have been used in vector control, but the development of olfactory-based tools has been challenging. Recently, repellents have shown promise as olfactory-based tools in tsetse vector control. Here, we evaluated a three-component blend comprising 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, acetophenone and geranyl acetone (blend K), previously identified as a repellent for savannah tsetse flies in zebra skin odor, on G. f. fuscipes populations. Using …

Assessing And Understanding Non-Responsiveness Of Maize And Soybean To Fertilizer Applications In African Smallholder Farms, Dries Roobroeck, Cheryl A. Palm, Generose Nziguheba, Ray Weil, Bernard Vanlauwe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Use of mineral fertilizers is essential to enhance crop productivity in smallholder farming systems of Sub-Saharan Africa, but various studies have reported ‘non-responsiveness’ where application of inorganic fertilizers does not lead to satisfactory yield gains. This phenomenon is not well defined nor are its extent and causes well understood. In order to close these knowledge gaps, we assessed the effects of commonly recommended nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and/or potassium (K) fertilizer inputs on maize grain and soybean production on farmer fields across prevalent land slope and/or soil texture gradients (2 × 2 matrix) in four agroecosystems over two growing seasons. …

Low-Cost Technology For Recycling Agro-Industrial Waste Into Nutrient-Rich Organic Fertilizer Using Black Soldier Fly, Dennis Beesigamukama, Benson Mochoge, Nicholas K. Korir, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Fathiya M. Khamis, Sevgan Subramanian, Musyoka M. Wangu, Thomas Dubois, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Efforts to recycle organic waste using black soldier fly (BSF) larvae into high-quality alternative protein ingredients in animal feeds and organic fertilizers have gained momentum worldwide. However, there is limited information on waste manipulation to increase nutrient retention for enhanced larval performance and frass fertilizer quality. In the present study, brewer's spent grain with a carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 11 (control) was amended with sawdust to obtain substrates with C/N ratios of 15, 20, 25 and 30. The effects of substrate C/N ratios on BSF larval yield, waste degradation, biomass conversion efficiency, compost maturity and nutrient levels of …

Revisiting The Modified Baermann Extraction Method: Extraction Efficiency Of Radopholus Similis Using Different Extraction Materials, Kanan Saikai, Situma Wanjala, Celestine Oduori, Danny Coyne

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In order to determine the threat that plant-parasitic nematodes pose to crop production, it is essential to establish an accurate estimation of their presence. The extraction efficiency from soil, therefore, is a critical step in establishing disease pressures presented by nematodes or the conditions of soil health. To achieve high nematode extraction efficiency, various methods and modifications have been developed over time (Oostenbrink, 1954; Seinhorst, 1956; Harrison & Green, 1976; Viaene et al., 2021) with variations being introduced locally, depending on the availability or access to certain materials. The simple extraction method was conceived and introduced by Baermann (1917), with …

Effect Of Alternative Rearing Substrates And Temperature On Growth And Development Of The Cricket Modicogryllus Conspersus (Schaum), G. Ssepuuya, F. Sengendo, C. Ndagire, J. Karungi, K. K.M. Fiaboe, J. Efitre, D. Nakimbugwe

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The increasing demand for animal protein in sub-Saharan Africa has led to insects being considered an alternative protein source for food and feed. In Uganda, chicken mash, containing fish meal as the protein source is commonly used to rear crickets. However, fishmeal is an expensive protein source that is also human food. This study therefore aimed at establishing an alternative preferred (consumed in the highest quantity) plant leaf diet for raising the Modicogryllus conspersus cricket, and the most suitable temperature for hatchability and egg development. The effect of (a) three diets (cassava leaves + cocoyam leaves + milk weed leaves; …

An Overview Of Antimicrobial Compounds From African Edible Insects And Their Associated Microbiota, Cynthia M. Mudalungu, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Segenet Kelemu, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The need for easily biodegradable and less toxic chemicals in drug development and pest control continues to fuel the exploration and discovery of new natural molecules. Like certain plants, some insects can also respond rapidly to microbial infections by producing a plethora of immune-induced molecules that include antibacterial and antifungal peptides/polypeptides (AMPs), among other structurally diverse small molecules. The recent recognition that new natural product-derived scaffolds are urgently needed to tackle life-threatening pathogenic infections has been prompted by the health threats posed by multidrug resistance. Although many researchers have concentrated on the discovery of AMPs, surprisingly, edible insect-produced AMPs/small molecules …

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Mental Health Symptoms In Adults Undergoing Covid-19 Testing, Ikponmwosa Osaghae, Linh K Nguyen, Tong Han Chung, Olivia Moffitt, Yen-Chi L Le, Mark B Suh, Pooja N Prasad, Eric J Thomas, Christine D Gordon, Kevin O Hwang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Understanding the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on persons receiving COVID-19 testing will help guide mental health interventions. We aimed to determine the association between sociodemographic factors and mental health symptoms at 8 weeks (baseline) after a COVID-19 test, and compare prevalence of mental health symptoms at baseline to those at 16-week follow-up.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective cohort study of adults who received outpatient COVID-19 testing at primary care clinics. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19 test results with mental health symptoms. Mental health symptoms reported at …

American Government 3e, Glen Krutz, Sylvie Waskiewicz

Open Access Textbooks

American Government 3e aligns with the topics and objectives of many government courses. Faculty involved in the project have endeavored to make government workings, issues, debates, and impacts meaningful and memorable to students while maintaining the conceptual coverage and rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from the fundamental principles of institutional design at the founding, to avenues of political participation, to thorough coverage of the political structures that constitute American government. The book builds upon what students have already learned and …

“Conservation Agriculture, " Possible Climate Change Adaptation Option In Taita Hills, Kenya, Lilian Motaroki, Gilbert Ouma, Dorcas Kalele

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The vicious cycle of food insecurity in Kenya and Africa at large is partly attributed to the high reliance on rainfed agriculture, which makes production systems vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change and variability. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been disseminated as a climate-smart practice that operates on three main principles to realize the multiple benefits of making crop production systems more resilient to climate change impacts, enhancing food security, and providing environmental services, such as carbon sequestration. As a major source of livelihood in the Taita Hills, agriculture is constrained by climate change owing to its rainfed nature. …

Dietary Organic Acids Modulate Gut Microbiota And Improve Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs, Xiaoyuan Wei, Kristopher A. Bottoms, Hans H. Stein, Laia Blavi, Casey L. Bradley, Jon Bergstrom, Joshua Knapp, Robert Story, Charles Maxwell, Tsungcheng Tsai, Jiangchao Zhao

Animal Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Feed additives have been suggested to improve animal growth performance through modulating the gut microbiota. The hypothesis of this study was that the combination of two organic acids would exert synergistic effects on the growth performance and gut microbiota of weaning pigs. To test this hypothesis, we followed 398 weaning pigs from two university experiment stations (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) and University of Arkansas (UA)) to determine the effects of increasing levels (0%, 0.035%, 0.070%, and 0.105%) of sodium butyrate combined with 0.5% benzoic acid on the growth performance of nursery pigs. At the UA, an additional negative …

Nurses Achieving The Sustainable Development Goals: The United Nations And Sigma: Concrete Plans That Translate The Goals Into Action Are Critical, Connie Sobon Sensor, Pennie Sessler Branden, Valerie Clary-Muronda, Janice E. Hawkins, Dawn Fitzgerald, Aric M. Shimek, Dania Al-Itani, Elizabeth A. Madigan, William E. Rosa

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

This article is one in a series in which contributing authors discuss how the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are linked to everyday clinical issues; national public health emergencies; and other nursing issues, such as leadership, shared governance, and advocacy. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, a 15-year plan of action to achieve the goals, was unanimously adopted by all UN member states in September 2015 and took effect on January 1, 2016. The Agenda consists of 17 SDGs addressing social, economic, and environmental determinants of health and 169 associated targets focused on five themes: people, planet, peace, …

Methodist Heroes In The Great Haworth Round, 1734 To 1784, John William Laycock

Heritage Material

No abstract provided.

The Rev. W. B. Pope, D.D. : Theologian And Saint, R. W. Moss

Heritage Material

No abstract provided.

Parents' Experiences Of A Language-Focused Home Visiting Scheme In Ireland, Aisling Ni Dhiorbhain Dr, Maire Mhic Mhathuna, Padraig Ó Duibhir Dr

Articles

This article reports parents’ experiences of the Tús Maith (Good Start) home visiting scheme in South-West Ireland. The goal of Tús Maith is to support parents who wish to speak Irish to their children at home in the Kerry Gaeltacht, an Irish-speaking heartland area. Home visitors spend an hour a week, over a period of six weeks, interacting with children and parents with varying levels of competency in Irish. Home visitors who are native speakers of Irish, offer individualised guidance on how to promote the use of Irish as a home language, while encouraging families to engage in activities …