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2021

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Kinship Involvement And Strength Development In The Child Welfare System, Nicole Amper Hodgkinson Jan 2021

Kinship Involvement And Strength Development In The Child Welfare System, Nicole Amper Hodgkinson

Master's Theses

For youth involved in the Child Welfare System (CWS), maltreatment and ecological losses pose enormous challenges to healthy development. Kin and fictive kin involvement, a current CWS priority, may have the potential to aid in strength development; however, little is known about its role in this process. The current study explored the following aims: (1) identify the role of kin and fictive kin in strength development (2) investigate the impact of maltreatment on initial strength levels and their development over time and (3) examine the extent to which kinship involvement interacts with prior maltreatment to buffer the impact of maltreatment …

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A Fair Share: How Awareness Of Inequality, Allocation Method, And System Justification Affect Perceptions Of Distributive Fairness, David Thomas Igliozzi Jan 2021

A Fair Share: How Awareness Of Inequality, Allocation Method, And System Justification Affect Perceptions Of Distributive Fairness, David Thomas Igliozzi

Master's Theses

In considering the different ways people view inequality and various proposed solutions,this study draws on classic psychological theories of distributive justice which outline three modes of allocation strategies: equality, equity, and need. While Deustch’s (1975) work on these three allocation alternatives laid the groundwork for years of distributive justice research that would follow, little empirical work has actually experimentally evaluated the conditions under which people might be more or less willing to support equity, equality, or need-based strategies. There is evidence that certain individual difference measures can predict support for redistribution. That is—those who rate highly on system justification, political …

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The Evolutionary And Morphological Diversification Of The Subtribe Papionina, Sophie B. Labelle Jan 2021

The Evolutionary And Morphological Diversification Of The Subtribe Papionina, Sophie B. Labelle

Master's Theses

Analysis of variation is critical in understanding evolutionary processes. The subtribe Papionina, defined commonly as baboons and their closest relatives, is a highly morphologically diverse group of primates that is useful for the examination of the relationship between variation and evolution. The subtribe is also a valuable behavioral, ecological, and morphological analogy for hominins. This study uses landmark-based cranial geometric morphometric data and multivariate analysis to test whether the pattern of morphological diversification present in Papionina is consistent with genetic drift and/or selection. The study sample consists of six extant genera of Papionin, represented by ~500 individuals collected by Michelle …

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A Role For Notch Signaling In Drosophila Spermatogenesis, Adrianna Soriano Jan 2021

A Role For Notch Signaling In Drosophila Spermatogenesis, Adrianna Soriano

Master's Theses

The Notch signaling pathway has diverse functions in male and female gonad development. In Drosophila male embryos, Notch specifies hub cell fate in somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs), which are important for maintaining germline stem cells and somatic cyst stem cells throughout the lifetime of adult flies. However, a role for Notch signaling in adult males has only started to emerge recently. Nonetheless, we still don’t understand how the Notch pathway functions to regulate spermatogenesis. Notch has been established to be important for the fertility of multiple systems, including mammals, and must be properly regulated for proper spermatogenesis, but the …

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Anthropogenic Litter In Illinois Streams: Monitoring, Distribution, And Relationship To Biological Indicators Of Stream Health, Lauren Wisbrock Jan 2021

Anthropogenic Litter In Illinois Streams: Monitoring, Distribution, And Relationship To Biological Indicators Of Stream Health, Lauren Wisbrock

Master's Theses

Anthropogenic litter (i.e., trash; AL) is increasing in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. AL shows a patchy, uneven distribution in lotic ecosystems due to heterogeneity in its sources, how it moves, and mechanisms of retention. In addition, the diversity of material types, size, and mobility makes developing techniques to measure AL assemblage in rivers a challenge. In rivers, watershed land-use and riparian features likely impact AL abundance and composition, but this impact is not fully understood. Measuring AL can be time consuming and labor intensive, so rapid assessments are needed for ecosystem managers to quantify the level of AL impairment in a …

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Risk Factors And Knowledge Associated With High Unintended Pregnancy Rates And Low Family Planning Use Among Pregnant Women In Papua New Guinea, Elizabeth Peach, Christopher Morgan, Michelle J. L. Scoullar, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Elissa Kennedy, Pele Melepia, Primrose Homiehombo, Lucy Au, Stanley Luchters, Alexandra J. Umbers Jan 2021

Risk Factors And Knowledge Associated With High Unintended Pregnancy Rates And Low Family Planning Use Among Pregnant Women In Papua New Guinea, Elizabeth Peach, Christopher Morgan, Michelle J. L. Scoullar, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Elissa Kennedy, Pele Melepia, Primrose Homiehombo, Lucy Au, Stanley Luchters, Alexandra J. Umbers

Population Health, East Africa

Unintended pregnancy is a major driver of poor maternal and child health in resource-limited settings. Data on pregnancy intention and use of family planning (FP) is scarce in Papua New Guinea (PNG), but are needed to inform public health strategies to improve FP accessibility and uptake. Data from a facility-based cross-sectional sample of 699 pregnant women assessed prevalence and predictors of unintended pregnancy and modern FP use among pregnant women in East New Britain Province, PNG. More than half (55%) the women reported their pregnancy as unintended. Few (18%) reported ever having used a modern FP method, and knowledge of …

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Developing A Self-Assessment Instrument To Evaluate Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Erika L. Kleppinger, Jeanna Sewell, Amber Hutchison, Kimberly B. Garza Jan 2021

Developing A Self-Assessment Instrument To Evaluate Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Erika L. Kleppinger, Jeanna Sewell, Amber Hutchison, Kimberly B. Garza

Research, Publications & Creative Work

This chapter explores the role of self-assessment in the development of professional identity formation within student pharmacists.

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Evaluating The Impact Of A Longitudinal Patient Case On The Development Of Professionalism And Professional Identity, Kimberly B. Garza, Lindsey E. Moseley, Bradley M. Wright, Channing R. Ford Jan 2021

Evaluating The Impact Of A Longitudinal Patient Case On The Development Of Professionalism And Professional Identity, Kimberly B. Garza, Lindsey E. Moseley, Bradley M. Wright, Channing R. Ford

Research, Publications & Creative Work

This article explores the student outcomes of a progressive case on the development of professional identity and professionalism within first-year student pharmacists.

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Victim-Blaming In Disguise? Supervisors’ Accounts Of Problems In Healthcare Delivery, Kendra Jason, Brianna Turgeon Jan 2021

Victim-Blaming In Disguise? Supervisors’ Accounts Of Problems In Healthcare Delivery, Kendra Jason, Brianna Turgeon

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Using data from 77 supervisors in seven hospitals across the U.S. that participated in a national workforce development program for low-wage frontline workers, we explain how supervisors justified and reproduced social inequalities by accepting culture of poverty and neoliberal discourses and how supervisors used these discourses to resolve identity-work dilemmas. We demonstrate how supervisors engaged in identity talk that justified deprivation for workers and shielded management from blame. We discuss how supervisors subtly invoked class, race, and gender stereotypes—and thus reproduced ideologies supportive of structural inequalities—as they crafted accounts that drew attention away from economic and organizational problems and focused …

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Effects Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Cognitive Function, Aerobic And Anaerobic Performances Of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study, Hossein Miraftabi, Zahra Avazpoor, Erfan Berjisian, Amir Sarshin, Sajjad Rezaei, Raul Dominguez, Reid Reale, Emerson Franchini, Mohammad Hossein Samanipour, Majid S. Koozehchian, Mark E.T. Willems, Ramin Rafiei, Alireza Naderi Jan 2021

Effects Of Beetroot Juice Supplementation On Cognitive Function, Aerobic And Anaerobic Performances Of Trained Male Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study, Hossein Miraftabi, Zahra Avazpoor, Erfan Berjisian, Amir Sarshin, Sajjad Rezaei, Raul Dominguez, Reid Reale, Emerson Franchini, Mohammad Hossein Samanipour, Majid S. Koozehchian, Mark E.T. Willems, Ramin Rafiei, Alireza Naderi

Research, Publications & Creative Work

: Studies have shown that nitrate (NO3 −)-rich beetroot juice (BJ) supplementation improves endurance and high-intensity intermittent exercise. The dose–response effects on taekwondo following BJ supplementation are yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate two acute doses of 400 mg of NO3 − (BJ-400) and 800 mg of NO3 − (BJ-800) on taekwondo-specific performance and cognitive function tests compared with a placebo (PL) and control (CON) conditions. Eight trained male taekwondo athletes (age: 20 ± 4 years, height: 180 ± 2 cm, body mass: 64.8 ± 4.0 kg) completed four experimental trials using a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design: …

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Exploring Standardized Persons' Expectations For Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing R. Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Kimberly B. Garza, Erika L. Kleppinger Jan 2021

Exploring Standardized Persons' Expectations For Practice-Readiness Among Student Pharmacists, Channing R. Ford, Kevin N. Astle, Kimberly B. Garza, Erika L. Kleppinger

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Although patient expectations and preferences for healthcare selection have been described in the literature, there are no studies exploring what qualities and behaviors standardized persons (SPs) identify for the practice-ready pharmacist. This manuscript explores those qualities and behaviors within an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to determine SP interest in having the student as their pharmacy provider. Methods: Using open-ended questions via a Qualtrics survey, SPs were asked to provide qualities and behaviors they associated with each of three practice-readiness rating levels. Using a constant comparative approach, the researchers coded the collected data over multiple stages to allow for authentic …

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Student Perceptions Of Authoring A Publication Stemming From A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (Cure), Ashley N. Turner, Anil K. Challa, Katelyn M. Cooper Jan 2021

Student Perceptions Of Authoring A Publication Stemming From A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (Cure), Ashley N. Turner, Anil K. Challa, Katelyn M. Cooper

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) engage students in authentic research experiences in a course format and can sometimes result in the publication of that research. However, little is known about student-author perceptions of CURE publications. In this study, we examined how students perceive they benefit from authoring a CURE publication and what they believe is required for authorship of a manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal. All 16 students who were enrolled in a molecular genetics CURE during their first year of college participated in semistructured interviews during their fourth year. At the time of the interviews, students had been authors …

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The Spinning Cube: An Algebraic Excursion, Lingguo Bu Jan 2021

The Spinning Cube: An Algebraic Excursion, Lingguo Bu

The Mathematics Enthusiast

What shapes do you get when you spin a cube on one of its vertices? This article explores the algebraic aspects of a spinning cube and establishes equations for the two cones and the hyperboloid using secondary school mathematics. Both the analysis and the verification take advantage of dynamic mathematics learning technologies.

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Indigenous Culture-Based School Mathematics In Action Part Ii: The Study’S Results: What Support Do Teachers Need?, Sharon Meyer, Glen Aikenhead Jan 2021

Indigenous Culture-Based School Mathematics In Action Part Ii: The Study’S Results: What Support Do Teachers Need?, Sharon Meyer, Glen Aikenhead

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This second part of two related articles reports the answers to the research question: What precise supports must be in place for Grades 5 to 12 teachers to enhance their mathematics classes in a sustainable way with Indigenous mathematizing and Indigenous worldview perspectives? In addition to various logistical supports, two other types of supports were identified: supports for learning and unlearning ways of perceiving the world generally and perceiving Western mathematics specifically. These needed supports came to light when we mentored the teachers. On the one hand, the co-researching teachers learned, or had already learned: (a) the plurality of mathematical …

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Impediments To Mathematical Creativity: Fixation And Flexibility In Proof Validation, Per Øystein Haavold Jan 2021

Impediments To Mathematical Creativity: Fixation And Flexibility In Proof Validation, Per Øystein Haavold

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Mathematical techniques in proof writing can be narrowed down to specific proof styles. Simply put, proofs can be direct or indirect- the latter using the Law of the Excluded Middle from logic as well as the axiom of Choice, to prove existence of mathematical objects. However, the thinking skills involved in writing indirect proofs are prone to errors, especially from novice proof writers such as prospective teachers. Creativity in mathematics entails the use of both direct and indirect approaches to determine the validity of a statement. In this article, I shed some light on this relationship, by reporting on some …

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The Academic Community’S Perceptions Of The Two-Column Proof, Jeffrey Pair, Susanne Strachota, Rashmi Singh Jan 2021

The Academic Community’S Perceptions Of The Two-Column Proof, Jeffrey Pair, Susanne Strachota, Rashmi Singh

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Our research team surveyed members of the mathematics education scholarly community to gain insight into the community’s perceptions of the two-column proof and its role in high school geometry. We created an email survey, which we sent to email addresses gathered from public lists of conference participants and speakers from recent mathematics education conferences. We asked study participants to describe the value of the two-column proof and discuss whether they would be in favor of eliminating it from the high school geometry curriculum. There was a wide range of diversity in the responses, and we present several themes that we …

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Unit Shapes And A Wealth Of Calculus Problems, Robert G. Donnelly, Alexander F. Thome Jan 2021

Unit Shapes And A Wealth Of Calculus Problems, Robert G. Donnelly, Alexander F. Thome

The Mathematics Enthusiast

For a given family of similar shapes, what we call a \unit shape" strongly analogizes the role of the unit circle within the family of all circles. Within many such families of similar shapes, we present what we believe is naturally and intrinsically unital about their unit shapes. We present a number of calculus problems related to extremal questions about collections of unit shapes, and we recapitulate some isoperimetric problems in terms of unit shapes. We close by presenting some problems (some of which are open) and by proffering perhaps a new perspective on the pi vs. t debate.

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Real Numbers As Infinite Decimals, Nicolas Fardin, Liangpan Li Jan 2021

Real Numbers As Infinite Decimals, Nicolas Fardin, Liangpan Li

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Stemming from an idea put forward by Loo-Keng Hua in 1962, this article describes an original way to perform arithmetic directly on infinite decimals. This approach leads to a new and elementary construction of the real number system via decimal representation. Based on the least upper bound property, a definition of trigonometric functions is also included, which settles an issue that Godfrey H. Hardy called \a fatal defect" in his Course of Pure Mathematics.

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Archimedes’ Works In Conoids As A Basis For The Development Of Mathematics, Kenton Ke Jan 2021

Archimedes’ Works In Conoids As A Basis For The Development Of Mathematics, Kenton Ke

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This paper explores Archimedes’ works in conoids, which are three dimensional versions of conic sections, and will discuss ideas that came up in Archimedes’ book On Conoids and Spheroids. In particular, paraboloids, or three dimensional parabolas, will be the primary focus, and a proof of one of the propositions is provided for a clearer understanding of how Archimedes proved many of his propositions. His main method is called method of exhaustion, with results justified by double contradiction. This paper will compare the ideas and problems brought up in On Conoids and Spheroids and how they relate to modern day calculus. …

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The History Of Bootstrapping: Tracing The Development Of Resampling With Replacement, Denise Lafontaine Jan 2021

The History Of Bootstrapping: Tracing The Development Of Resampling With Replacement, Denise Lafontaine

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Sampling is one of the most fundamental concepts in statistics, as the quality and accuracy of the statistical inferences made, heavily depend on the method used to obtain the sample and the sample’s ability to represent the population of inference. Despite being a simple concept, sampling presents researchers with many challenges. Generally, due to monetary and time constraints, researchers must take a smaller sample size than they would ideally use. Using statistics from these small samples, estimates for population parameters can be made, typically in the form of a confidence interval. However, the validity of these confidence intervals depends on …

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Beauty Is In The Blind Spot Of The Beholder, Ron Aharoni Jan 2021

Beauty Is In The Blind Spot Of The Beholder, Ron Aharoni

The Mathematics Enthusiast

The paper addresses the time-old question of what is beauty. A rather ambitious, if not to say presumptuous, endeavour. But I do not aim high – I do not claim to get anywhere near unearthing the secret. Rather, I will use examples from mathematics, poetry, music and chess to substantiate one thesis: that the elusory character of beauty is not incidental. Its defiance of definition is part of its essence. The aesthetic sensation requires unawareness of its precise origin. Beauty is felt when some order is perceived, that is not fully comprehended. The order is too complex, or well hidden, …

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Variations On Convergence Criteria, Reinhard Oldenburg Jan 2021

Variations On Convergence Criteria, Reinhard Oldenburg

The Mathematics Enthusiast

The didactical idea of variation is exemplified with examples from convergence of series. This yields a new convergence test similar to the root test.

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Rednecks, Hillbillies, And White Trash In The Living Room: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Reality Television's Construction Of Appalachian Regional Identity, Bradlee Elizabeth Hartman Jan 2021

Rednecks, Hillbillies, And White Trash In The Living Room: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Reality Television's Construction Of Appalachian Regional Identity, Bradlee Elizabeth Hartman

Senior Independent Study Theses

Reality television is one of America’s guiltiest pleasures because it lets us peer into the lives of people who are both similar to and different from us. However, the narratives we see on the small screen are far from innocent; in fact, reality television plays a large role in directing how we make sense of the world and our place within it. To that end, this study examines how MTV’s reality television series, Buckwild, constructs a particular view of Appalachian regional identity. This study utilizes ideological criticism to uncover how MTV engages in continued stereotyping of Appalachian people. Specifically, my …

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Black Outside: A Film Exploring Black People’S Relationships With Outdoor Spaces, Zoie Bills Jan 2021

Black Outside: A Film Exploring Black People’S Relationships With Outdoor Spaces, Zoie Bills

Senior Independent Study Theses

Spending time in nature is regarded as a great way to have fun and improve one’s mental or physical health. Black people are largely underrepresented in public parks and other outdoor spaces. My film explores the lack of Black presence in outdoor spaces in an effort to promote Black people’s usage of these places. I used interviews with students, environmental activists, and my own family in order to explore the scholarly, structural, cultural, and personal factors that impact Black folks’ engagement with the outdoors. The interviews revealed several major takeaways including that Black people have historical roots in outdoor spaces …

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Option Implied Volatility's Predictability On Monthly Stock Returns, Hung T. Dao Jan 2021

Option Implied Volatility's Predictability On Monthly Stock Returns, Hung T. Dao

Senior Independent Study Theses

Since the trading of options is based on underlying stocks, it is reasonable to assume that information from the options market can be used to explain the returns in the stock market. Our independent study investigates the relationship between options implied volatility and stock returns. Previous studies have found significant results in using implied volatility in predicting stock returns. This paper provides a discussion of such studies, the theoretical framework for the research topic, and the Black-Scholes model, which is famous for its application in implied volatility calculation. Monthly returns of 20 large US firms are regressed against implied volatility …

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Whose Line Is It Anyway? Rhetoric, Pathology, And The Jewish Race In Late Victorian England, Stephanie G. Pokras Jan 2021

Whose Line Is It Anyway? Rhetoric, Pathology, And The Jewish Race In Late Victorian England, Stephanie G. Pokras

Senior Independent Study Theses

This thesis examines how both late Victorian Anglo-Jews and Gentiles used rhetoric of race science and Jewish pathology to encode lines of difference, as well as the relationship between these discourses. My first chapter analyzes the role of Gentile discourse of disease and disability as the foundation of late Victorian anti-Semitism. My second chapter focuses on Jewish ‘expert’ engagement with race science. In this chapter, I argue that contrary to the dominant historical narrative, not only was the Jewish community engaged with race science, but their scholarly conversations were dynamic and diverse. Ideas about race and pathology became central to …

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Reconsidering The Late Woodland: A Critical Reassessment Of Perception And Periodization In The Ohio Valley, 400-1000 Ce, Devin A. Henson Jan 2021

Reconsidering The Late Woodland: A Critical Reassessment Of Perception And Periodization In The Ohio Valley, 400-1000 Ce, Devin A. Henson

Senior Independent Study Theses

The Late Woodland period in eastern North America has traditionally been conceptualized as a cultural hiatus between the region’s Hopewell and Mississippian traditions. As a drastic (though not complete) reduction in the practices of monumental architecture and art produced with nonlocal materials occurred during this time, the end of the preceding Hopewell tradition (and its related Interaction Sphere) has been depicted as a “collapse” or “devolution” by multiple researchers. However, the Late Woodland also saw a rise in population, intensification of agriculture, and technological innovation. Although the combination of these factors and the period’s architectural and artistic reduction appear contradictory, …

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Resource Boom, Manufacturing Bust: The Dutch Disease And Deindustrialization In South America, Gabriel Melmed Jan 2021

Resource Boom, Manufacturing Bust: The Dutch Disease And Deindustrialization In South America, Gabriel Melmed

Senior Independent Study Theses

This thesis looks at the role of the 2003-2013 primary commodity boom in South American deindustrialization. I hypothesize that the boom has led to deindustrialization throughout the region because of the ‘Dutch disease,’ a process by which a boom in the natural resource sector causes the manufacturing sector to decline due to resource movement between sectors and real exchange rate appreciation. Using a panel dataset of 106 lower-middle and upper-middle income countries from 1995 to 2019, I analyze the extent to which a greater share of primary commodities in a country’s export basket has led to (a) lower manufacturing value …

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Monumentos A Dictadores: La Memoria Histórica Del Valle De Los Caídos Y El Museo Presidente Pinochet, Sofia Sequoia Biegeleisen Jan 2021

Monumentos A Dictadores: La Memoria Histórica Del Valle De Los Caídos Y El Museo Presidente Pinochet, Sofia Sequoia Biegeleisen

Senior Independent Study Theses

Este estudio independiente discute la teoría de la memoria historia en relación con dos casos de estudio: el Valle de los Caídos en España y el Museo Presidente Pinochet en Chile. El primer capítulo introduce textos que explican la importancia de la memoria histórica y establecen su utilidad para comprender una cultura. Esta información proporciona un contexto para entender las conexiones entre los casos de estudio y las populares narrativas históricas en España y Chile. El análisis del Valle discute la creación del monumento, su estilo arquitectónico y la influencia que la arquitectura tiene en el significado simbólico del sitio, …

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Foreign Election Interference And Hybrid Warfare, Jonathan Davies Jan 2021

Foreign Election Interference And Hybrid Warfare, Jonathan Davies

Senior Independent Study Theses

Election interference has long been a tool of foreign policy available to state actors but has recently risen in prominence as a result of Russia’s efforts to influence the 2016 presidential election in the United States. Although much has been written about election interference, most existing scholarship focuses on its use to promote a certain candidate or party. Hybrid warfare theory, which posits that modern conflict is increasingly characterized by the coordinated use of a wide range of tactics, provides a powerful alternative framework for understanding election interference. This Independent Study considers election interference through the lens of hybrid warfare …

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