Digital Commons Network^™

The Palestinian Refugee Regime: Tensions Between The Collective Right Of Return And Individual Rights, Shatha Oqab Abdulsamad

Theses and Dissertations

Since their initial displacement in 1948, the United Nations had devised a special temporary refugee regime for Palestinians, distinct from the international refugee regime. The distinct regime was structured in order to acknowledge Palestinian displacement as a result of a deliberate policy of state building by Israel as a national home for Jewish people in Palestine, as well as the effect of the United Nations Partition Plan. Premised as different from other refugee problems, the distinct regime devised for Palestinians was intended to be temporary, pending a final settlement that ensures their repatriation. The temporality and structure of the distinct …

Nanoengineered Materials For Energy Conversion & Storage Applications: A Density Functional Theory Study, Ahmed Biby

Theses and Dissertations

The conventional approach for the development of novel materials has become long relative to the desired product development cycle. Thus, the sluggish pace of the development of materials within the conventional approach hinders the rapid transformation of the scientific outcomes into useful technological products. To this end, the field of hierarchical materials informatics evolved to bridge this gap. In this field, the multiscale material internal structure is considered the starting point and the core of this approach. This being said, the density functional theory (DFT) was used to generate useful materials data for the advancement of the hierarchical materials data-bases …

Hm 27: Major Naval Operations In European Waters, 1939–1945, Milan Vego

Historical Monographs

This work is the second and last sequel to Major Naval Operations, published by the Naval War College Press in 2008 as Newport Paper 32. The first sequel, Major Fleet-versus-Fleet Operations in the Pacific War, 1941–1945, was published (as Historical Monograph 22) by the Naval War College Press / Government Printing Office in 2014; a second edition came out in 2016. The focus of that volume was on the description and analysis of three major fleet-versus-fleet operations. In contrast, this work, Major Naval Operations in European Waters, 1939–1945 (twenty-seventh in the Naval War College Press’s Historical Monograph series), looks …

Veteran Disability Compensation And The Army Profession: Good Intentions Gone Awry, Leonard Wong, Stephen J. Gerras Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Previous studies analyzing disability compensation have decried its $76 billion annual budget or warned of its perverse ability to incentivize veterans not to work. This study focuses on the impact of this moral hazard on the US Army profession. If soldiers continue to capitalize on an extremely permissive disability system, the trust between society and the military may be threatened, and future Army readiness may be jeopardized should disability compensation be added to the marginal cost of a soldier. More importantly, many of today’s soldiers are rationalizing disability compensation as something owed to them—not for a debilitating injury, but for …

Welfare Queens And Work Requirements: The Power Of Narrative And Counter-Narrative, Nick Burns

Tennessee Journal of Race, Gender, & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Command Accountability For Ai Weapon Systems In The Law Of Armed Conflict, James Kraska

International Law Studies

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in weapon systems enhances the ability of operational forces to fuse multispectral sensors to understand the warfighting environment, positively identify, track, and select targets, and engage them with the most appropriate effects. The potential for AI to help close the “kill chain” has raised concern that this creates a gap in accountability between the decisions of humans and the acts of machines, with humans no longer accountable for decisions made during armed conflict. This study suggests that there is no gap because the military commander is always directly and individually accountable for the employment …

Encirclement, Deprivation, And Humanity: Revising The San Remo Manual Provisions On Blockade, Tom Dannenbaum

International Law Studies

Among the most pernicious trends in contemporary armed conflict is the return of mass starvation in war, in some cases as its primary source of human suffering. This has prompted a renewed focus on the relevant rules of international humanitarian law (IHL). On some issues, there is relative consensus. On the issue of deprivation by encirclement, however, there is confusion.

Some have questioned whether the prohibition on the starvation of civilians as a method of warfare applies to encirclements at all, particularly in the naval context. Others have interpreted the prohibition vanishingly narrowly. In contrast to the more extreme of …

Israel’S Perspective On Key Legal And Practical Issues Concerning The Application Of International Law To Cyber Operations, Roy Schöndorf

International Law Studies

The speech given by the Israeli Deputy Attorney General (International Law) at the Naval War College’s event on “Disruptive Technologies and International Law” sets out, for the first time, Israel’s position on the application of international law to cyber operations. Consistent with the position taken by the vast majority of States thus far, Israel considers that international law applies to such operations. The speech stresses that questions pertaining to the identification and application of relevant legal rules remain, given the profound differences between the cyber domain and traditional domains of warfare—land, sea, and air. Therefore, in Israel’s view, a cautious …

Violence And Masculinity In Small-Scale Societies, Debra L. Martin

Anthropology Faculty Research

© 2021 by The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. All rights reserved. Archaeological and ethnographic accounts of violence in small-scale societies represent a baseline for thinking about the ways that violence and masculinity originated and evolved, becoming entwined social processes. Male violence (lethal and nonlethal) is expressed in diverse and complex ways because it is associated with social spheres of power and influence, and it is embedded within ideologies, histories, and collective memories. Applying anthropological research on violence as a generative and transformational social process demonstrates how violence plays a key role in creating, maintaining, and transforming social structures in …

Mental Health And Psychosocial Functioning In Recently Separated U.S. Women Veterans: Trajectories And Bi-Directional Relationships, Karen A. Lawrence, Dawne Vogt, Adam Dugan, Shawn R. Nigam, Emily Slade, Brian N. Smith

Social Work Faculty Publications

Prior research on the relationship between veterans’ mental health and psychosocial functioning has primarily relied on male samples. Here, we investigated prospective longitudinal relationships between mental health and psychosocial functioning in 554 female Iraq and Afghanistan War veterans who were surveyed three times between two- and seven-years following separation from service. Mixed effects modeling revealed that increasing depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity predicted declines in work functioning. Increasing PTSD severity predicted declining parental functioning and worsening depression predicted a decline in relationship functioning. In turn, decreased work and intimate relationship functioning predicted increased PTSD and depression symptom severity …

Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: New Possibilities—And Challenges—In Ocean Law And Policy, Joel Coito

International Law Studies

Landmark developments in autonomous vessel technology have the potential to deliver economic, environmental, and security benefits on the world’s oceans. Tempering the promise of that future is the stark reality that maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) challenge the existing international order of the seas. This article examines the promise and perils of MASS in three areas of enduring significance to commercial vessels, naval forces, and industry regulators: search and rescue (SAR), maritime counterdrug operations, and navigational safety. This article concludes that autonomous vessel technology will lead to a superior global regime for maritime SAR operations, enhanced detection and interdiction of …

On Modernization Of New Think Tanks With Chinese Characteristics—Analysis From Perspective Of Think Tank Influence Evaluation, Yaqin Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Under the great changes that have not happened in a century, Chinese think tanks should not only actively answer the propositions put forward by the times, actively promote the modernization process of national governance, but also clarify the goal and path of their own modernization. Modern think tanks are the ideological approach of national governance, the ideological guide, theoretical power, and important promoter. The modernization of national governance is the fundamental guarantee for the development of think tanks and creates a good ecological environment for the development of modern think tanks. Based on the evaluation of think tank influence, this …

Very Marianist Mischief, Michael Dunekacke

Materials from the University of Dayton Magazine Website

After a lifetime serving as a nurse and teaching, Rosemarie Mahoney made a bequest of more than $150,000 to UD.

Volume 56 - Issue 12 - Monday, January 19, 2021, Rose Thorn Staff

The Rose Thorn Archive

The Rose Thorn, Rose-Hulman's independent student newspaper.

Modeling Emergence Of Network Radar Countermeasure System, Huang Chen, Jianqing Qi, Fangzheng Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Network radar countermeasure system (NRCS) is a new kind of integrated electronic warfare system with the integrated network developing trend of radar and EW equipment, and emergence is the typical complex feature of NRCS. The connotation and composition of the NRCS emergence was interpreted. Four sources of the NRCS emergence were analyzed: composition effect, structural effect, interaction effect and environmental effect. The conceptual models and mathematical models of the NRCS emergence were built from three aspects: system reconnaissance detection emergence, system target identification emergence and system jamming emergence. Simulation results coincide with the NRCS emergence source analysis, which verifies …

Lessons From Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) For Governance In Conditions Of Environmental Uncertainty, Carl P. Lipo, Pamela A. Mischen, Terry L. Hunt

Anthropology Datasets

No abstract provided.

Eng 5011-600: Studies In Composition And Rhetoric, Melissa Ames

Spring 2021

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Expressive Therapy In Treating Combat-Related Ptsd – A Critical Review Of Literature, Lauren Pratt

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

Recent advances in battlefield triage have curtailed combat-related deaths, simultaneously increasing the rate of combat-related trauma, and thereby emphasizing the need for access to efficacious treatment of PTSD in returning veterans. Veterans who may have sustained life-ending injuries from concussive elements such as explosions are instead surviving with PTSD and its debilitating effects. Recent studies suggest that traditional methods of treatment such as medication and talk therapy, while useful, are incomplete tactics when it comes to treating non-verbal trauma. The burgeoning field of expressive therapies (expressive art therapy, dance, drama, art, music, writing, etc.) offers a new approach that is …

Transdisciplinary Ai Observatory—Retrospective Analyses And Future-Oriented Contradistinctions, Nadisha Marie Aliman, Leon Kester, Roman Yampolskiy

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

In the last years, artificial intelligence (AI) safety gained international recognition in the light of heterogeneous safety-critical and ethical issues that risk overshadowing the broad beneficial impacts of AI. In this context, the implementation of AI observatory endeavors represents one key research direction. This paper motivates the need for an inherently transdisciplinary AI observatory approach integrating diverse retrospective and counterfactual views. We delineate aims and limitations while providing hands-on-advice utilizing concrete practical examples. Distinguishing between unintentionally and intentionally triggered AI risks with diverse socio-psycho-technological impacts, we exemplify a retrospective descriptive analysis followed by a retrospective counterfactual risk analysis. Building on …

The Current - Volume 31 Issue 17, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

On The Plains In ’65 : The 6th West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry In The West, George H. Holliday, Glenn V. Longacre

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

A new scholarly edition of an Ohio boy soldier’s revealing post-Civil War memoir.

This annotated edition of Holliday’s recollections—known primarily among historians of the American West—re-contextualizes his memoir to include his boyhood in southern Ohio and the largely untold story of the hundreds of Buckeyes who crossed the Ohio River to serve their country in Virginia (later West Virginia) regiments, ultimately traveling across Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming to safeguard mail and stage routes along the celebrated Oregon Trail during a pivotal time in American history.

Glenn Longacre’s extensive research in federal, state, and local archives, manuscript collections, and period …

Let Them Tweet Cake: Estimating Public Dissent Using Twitter, Ben O. Smith, Ethan Spangler

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper establishes a new method of estimating public dissent that is both cost-effective and adaptable. Twitter allows users to post short messages that can be viewed and shared by other users, creating a network of freely and easily observable information. Drawing data directly from Twitter, we collect tweets containing specified words and phrases from citizens voicing dissatisfaction with their government. The collected tweets are processed using a regular expression based algorithm to estimate individual dissent; which is aggregated to an overall measure of public dissent. A comparative case study of Canada and Kenya during the summer of 2016 provides …

Armed Conflicts In Outer Space: Which Law Applies?, Frans G. Von Der Dunk

International Law Studies

So far, outer space has merely become involved in terrestrial armed conflicts as part of the supportive infrastructure for military activities. Unfortunately, the risk that this changes is considerably growing, and it can no longer be excluded that (armed) force will become used in outer space, either directed towards Earth or within outer space itself.

This raises serious issues in the legal context, where space law so far has been premised on the hope that armed conflicts in outer space could be avoided whereas the law of armed conflict was not required so far to deal with the use of …

Star Wars: Attack Of The Anti-Satellite Weapons In Anticipatory Self-Defense, Joshua La Bella

University of the Pacific Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cyber Mutually Assured Destruction & Counterproliferation For The 21st Century: “How I Stopped Worrying And Learned To Love The Software Exploit.”, Peter R. Pattara

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

The growth of cyberspace has challenged existing frameworks for strategic competition. As a result, government, private, and academic planners seek to develop a novel framework for integrating cyberspace into diplomatic, military, and intelligence planning. This has been a difficult proposition and continues to be an area of vulnerability for the United States. To date, the United States has threatened nuclear retaliation for large scale cyber-attacks, but a comprehensive strategy has not been made publicly clear. However, this integration challenge has been encountered and solved previously. Nuclear weapons changed warfare in the twentieth century, but the United States used Mutual Assured …

Limits And Possibilities Of The United States Military In Post-Conflict Reconstruction And Stabilization, Alcir Florentino Dos Santos Neto

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

This study probes the limits and possibilities of U.S. military efforts to facilitate the transition from warfighting to nation-building. Most comparative studies conceive the complexity of this transition along a spectrum from conflict to humanitarian assistance to post-conflict stabilization. While the last two stages have often been interpreted as a coordinated act of civil-military ‘nation-building’, the spectrum, in fact, represents an ideal type simplification. At one level, outcomes depend on the players involved, including sovereign nations, national militaries, international and regional institutions, U.N. peacekeepers, private security contractors, and non-governmental humanitarian providers, among others. On the other hand, because …

Covid-19 And The “Space” Problem Of U.S. Hospitals: A Pragmatic Domestic Policy Solution For The Future, Timothy P. O'Brien

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

The healthcare system in the United States operates daily somewhere in excess of 75 percent of capacity with limited ability to absorb a sudden and large surge that may come about from an unexpected event, such as a large-scale terrorist attack, natural disaster, or pandemic. In order to manage a large-scale health crisis, also known as Public Health Emergencies (PHEs), governments at all levels must be prepared and have “space, staff, and stuff” in place. This article offers a solution that utilizes and re-purposes existing structures that could easily be “stood-up” and put into service in the times of emergency. …

Structural Disruption Of The Blood–Brain Barrier In Repetitive Primary Blast Injury, Gozde Uzunalli, Seth Herr, Alexandra M. Dieterly, Riyi Shi, L. Tiffany Lyle

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Background

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a growing health concern due to the increased use of low-cost improvised explosive devices in modern warfare. Mild blast exposures are common amongst military personnel; however, these women and men typically do not have adequate recovery time from their injuries due to the transient nature of behavioral symptoms. bTBI has been linked to heterogeneous neuropathology, including brain edema, neuronal degeneration and cognitive abnormalities depending on the intensity of blast overpressure and frequency. Recent studies have reported heterogeneity in blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability following blast injury. There still remains a limited understanding of the …

Broken Harts: Mourning The Human/Animal Divide In Shakespeare’S As You Like It And Wordsworth’S “Hart-Leap Well”, Jennifer Jourlait

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis compares the deer scenes in Shakespeare’s As You Like It and Wordsworth’s “Hart-Leap Well.” Both raise questions about man’s right to hunt animals with impunity. Shakespeare’s Jaques superficially takes up the issue of animal rights whereas Wordsworth’s personification of the stag evokes the reader’s sympathy for the animal.

(Re)Imagining Eminent Domain: The Embodied Imaginaries Of The Atlantic Yards – Barclays Center Project, Gabriel Frey Schuster

Theses and Dissertations

Eminent domain is generally treated by legal geographers as a tool of the state. This thesis applies legal and feminist geographies to the case of the Atlantic Yards development in Brooklyn so as to reframe eminent domain as a spatio-legal intervention complicating traditional notions of scale and power.