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Fighting Election Hackers And Trolls On Their Own Turf: Defending Forward In Cyberspace, Jonathan K. Sawmiller

Idaho Law Review

No abstract provided.

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What Are We Afraid Of? Three Suggestions For Maximizing Voter Participation, Thomas Prohaska

Idaho Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Erotic Ecology In Ovid's Heroides, Noah Holt

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

This project demonstrates that natural imagery in the Heroides is an emotionally charged space that exists as more than just background description. The first chapter explores how descriptions of the pastoral landscape reflect the shifting love affair of Oenone and Paris: when the love is reciprocal, the pastoral landscape is idyllic and peaceful; once Oenone realizes her attempt to win Paris back is futile, the pastoral landscape becomes more antagonistic. Ultimately, Oenone’s rusticitas proves to be incompatible with Paris’ newly acquired cultus, which I suggest can be read as an expression of the opposition between modern refinement and renewal …

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The Slow Violence Of Eco-Apocalypse In The Poetry Of José Emilio Pacheco, Niels H. Christensen

Theses and Dissertations

Over the course of his fifty-year career, Mexican writer José Emilio Pacheco has almost habitually written poetry about environmental themes especially those related to pollution, extraction, deforestation, and other related themes of destruction. Simultaneously, his work has engaged with questions of temporality, namely the passing of time and the inherent violence of such questions. In this essay, I examine a selection of Pacheco's poetry from the 1970s to the early 2000s, demonstrating Pacheco's marrying of the two concepts: environmental degradation and time. This marriage results in a provocative synthesis of eco-apocalypse, a phenomenon that details a paradoxical end that never …

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From Captive To Captor: Hannah Duston And The Indian Removal Act, Olivia Cronquist

Theses and Dissertations

In 1697 Massachusetts settler Hannah Duston was taken captive by a group of Abenaki Indians. Duston and her companions escaped captivity by using a tomahawk to kill ten of her captors. Within her captivity narrative, Duston inhabits the role of captor rather than captive, providing a literary framework for reading and understanding the process of Indian Removal in the nineteenth century. Like white captives in the early colonial period, Native Americans in the nineteenth century faced pressure to assimilate, forced marches through unfamiliar territory, and acts of shocking violence like the Wounded Knee Massacre. During this time period, the United …

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Solarwinds Showcases Russian Hacking Prowess, Demonstrates Urgency For Improved U.S. Telecoms Cybersecurity, Abigail Weston

Student Research Symposium

Telecommunications is important to any national defense strategy ranging from phone lines to broadcasting capabilities via satellite, it holds a key component for quick reaction time should an emergency occur, and critical decisions need to be made. However, these processes are not well guarded as the U.S. does not have a suitable cybersecurity network which prioritizes telecommunications security and research, shown in the Solarwinds attack in 2020. This will become a continual problem as bad actors continue to gain new cyber technology and if the U.S. is not capable mitigating new cyber threats, then the U.S. will become significantly vulnerable …

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Ὁ Δρόμος: Testing The Charge At Marathon, 490 Bce, Daniel Porter

Student Research Symposium

In 490 BCE, a heavily outnumbered Greek force of mainly Athenians fought an invading Persian army at Marathon to preserve their freedom. According to Herodotus, the Hellenes charged at a run (δρόμος) across the plain, a distance of eight stades (.9 miles), to engage and subsequently repel the Persians. Herodotus continues on to claim that this was the first Greek charge. The reason for this was that the phalanx, the Greek military formation, required close ranks and heavy armor, so running was not easy. Modern historians have questioned Herodotus’ veracity as well as the actual plausibility of this event due …

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Tensions Surrounding Multinational Lunar Development Threaten Global Stability, Highlight Need For Cooperation, Megyn Degraw

Student Research Symposium

The aim of this research is to provide a framework in which US national security can begin to navigate the future of international relations on the moon. The amount of countries participating in space exploration is increasing every year, within the next decade we could see lunar bases being established on the moon by multiple countries, notably Russia and China. Space is becoming more international and in turn, more crowded. This increase is spurred on by the recent discovery of water on the moon, the goals of SpaceX to land on the moon in the next few years, technological advances, …

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Ai-Driven Drone Swarms Pose Multiple Security Threats To The Us Military, Andy Pierucci

Student Research Symposium

The United States (US) faces threats from a variety of state actors including strategic competitors (i.e. China and Russia), regional powers (i.e. Iran), weak or failed states (i.e. North Korea) and numerous non-state actors including international and domestic terrorist organizations and lone wolf radicals. As drones become more autonomous, nimbler, and less expensive they are becoming easier for state and non-state actors to manufacture or purchase and improve. Artificial intelligence (AI) driven drone swarms pose a unique threat for the US military. Advances in AI technology in the next five to ten years will expand drone capabilities, strategies, and tactics, …

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Crispr And The Transhumanism Movement: Civilian And Military Ethics Reassessment Looming, Jennifer Ha

Student Research Symposium

CRISPR/Cas9 is an emerging biotechnology that allows scientists to edit genes and modify, delete, or correct exact regions of a person’s DNA. This technology could be the future of medicine in eradicating different genetic diseases and disorders and enhancing the quality of life around the world. CRISPR can be used to treat different cancers, blood disorders, AIDS, cystic fibrosis, and a variety of other diseases by going in and changing specific regions of DNA. However, why just eradicate disease when CRISPR can also enhance different characteristics, such as increase metabolism, improve eyesight, or enhance athletic ability? With the potential of …

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Pacification Gone Awry: The U.S Failure To Underpin Hearts And Minds In South Vietnam, 1966–1968, Simon Mai

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: Throughout the escalation of American involvement in Vietnam from 1964 – 1968, one key strategy focused on pacification – the winning of the allegiance of South Vietnamese civilians to the Saigon-based Government of Vietnam (GVN). This paper will argue that American/GVN implementation of pacification programs at the provincial and village level revealed three fundamental factors that proved fatal and counterproductive. These factors were the political and social entrenchment of the Viet Cong or National Liberation Front (NLF), the provincial cronyism and corruption of GVN, and the indiscriminate application of American firepower in support of General William Westmoreland’s strategy of …

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The Revival Of Termination: Fragmenting John Collier’S Bureau Of Indian Affairs, Jacob Taylor

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: The Indian New Deal has been studied through two opposing lenses. Some historians attempt to paint John Collier, Bureau Commissioner under President Roosevelt, as a visionary who attempted to save Native American sovereignty while others denounce his legislation and time in office as ill-fated and corrupt. These two opposing views fail to illustrate the broader context of Collier’s BIA and do not provide an explanation for the ultimate failure of the Indian New Deal. Furthermore, they offer a largely monocausal explanation for the failure of the Indian New Deal. I argue that the BIA had been faltering for a …

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The Cause And Effect Of Paramilitary Groups, Ryan Hill

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: In my paper, I talk about the reasons why paramilitary groups form while listing examples of groups for each factor. I go over items such as vigilantism and I bring up examples of groups in South Africa, such the People Against Gangsterism and Drugs who originally was a political group who staged protests and marches asking the police and government to do something about the gangs which were taking over the community. They later morphed in a vigilante group who began bombing and assassinating drug lords. Ideology is another item I bring up and I use the IRA as …

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Sicut Regale: An Analysis Of The Sovereignty And Rule Of The Welsh Marcher Lords, Luke Lambert

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Welsh kingdoms originally retained their independence after the Norman conquest of England in 1066, but most Normans given fiefs along the Welsh borders gradually expanded into Wales. The result of this ambition was the Marcher Lordships. Warfare was commonplace and lasted until the last Welsh prince was subdued in 1282. Due to the importance of their defensive roles, Marcher lords received or seized authority generally reserved for the crown elsewhere in the realm. They presided over court cases and had their own law codes, often a mix of Norman and native Welsh law codes. Most Marcher Lords commanded sizeable …

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Born And Bred In Blood: The Fall Of The Aztec Empire, Melina Arciniega

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The fall of the Aztec Empire in 1521 was a surprising feat given the well-known, vast power, and fighting capabilities of the Aztec people. Many questions since then have arisen as to how such a mighty empire had so rapidly fallen. These theories hold implications that the Aztecs were victims to the incoming disease, famine, and domination inflicted by the Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortes. Alongside these proposals I suggest that by examining archaeological and historical evidence, the Aztec traditional practices were also responsible for its society’s collapse. By identifying the significance of the human sacrifices, the cultural, political, and economical …

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Changes In The Relationship Between The Horus And Seth: Settling The Score, Gabrielle Goodwin

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

As can be seen in Ancient Egyptian mythology, the gods Horus and Set had a rocky relationship that was most often represented as bitter rivalry. They both contended for the throne left empty by Osiris after his death with Horus eventually emerging victorious. Rather than remaining static in narrative and character, this is a story consistently tweaked across the fabric of Ancient Egyptian history. The Horus and Set of the Archaic Period are very different gods from the Horus and Set of the Late Period though the base story remains the same. By looking at the material and visual culture …

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The Manifestation Of Total War In The Mexican Revolution, Craig J. Verniest

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: The concept of total war is typically conceived of as the entirety of a nation’s or other belligerent’s resources and the spheres of non-combatant, civilian-centered life being drawn into the conflict. Total war also includes the methods of warfare being conducted with the intent of exhibiting complete destruction on an enemy’s forces and moral. Although total war in the Mexican Revolution is not typically, if ever, discussed in its historiography, I am arguing that the Mexican Revolution exhibited implementation of total war in its warfare, and therefore should be discussed in its historiography to similar degrees as that of …

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The Kings Have Daddy Issues: Masculinity And Generational Kingship Of The Plantagenet Dynasty, Richard Merrell

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: Masculinity studies owes a great debt to sociologist R. W. Connell, whose ideas on hegemonic masculinity have created a rich and fruitful field of study. The application of masculinity studies in medieval history is a similarly new field, dominated by Marc Ormrod’s broadly focused studies of the times. My paper does two things: it narrows Ormrod’s focus while introducing a new element of inquiry into the intergenerational relationships that reveal learned masculinity and the creation of symbols of power in Medieval England. I will focus on King Edward III; Edward the Black Prince, and King Richard II to examine …

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Settling In A Foreign Land: Women’S Experiences In Exile In Latvian Writer Irma Grebzde’S Prose Fiction, Ingrīda Kupšāne, Sandra Meškova

Journal of International Women's Studies

Exile is a central motif of 20th century European culture, and literature was often tied to historical events throughout this century, especially during World War II. In Latvian literature, this motif was partially the result of the emigration of a great part of the population in 1944; many were fleeing direct warfare and the return of the Soviet army, escaping from Latvia. This paper examines the peculiarities of women’s experiences in exile in the prose fiction of Latvian émigré writer Irma Grebzde (1912–2000). Grebzde was among those 250,000 Latvians who fled as fugitives in 1944 for Sweden and Germany and …

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National Identity Attachment And Its Variables, Tri Windari

Journal of International Women's Studies

National identity and nationalism have continued to influence economic, social, and political behavior despite their fluidity in a globalized and modernized world. Drawing on Benedict Anderson’s concept of “imagined communities” and the Social Identity Theory by Henri Tajfel and John Turner, national identity as a part of social identity is dynamic and plastic. It is relatively influenced by external and internal factors of individuals, including time and space. This fluid trait makes national identity difficult to explain and measure. This study utilizes a qualitative method based on secondary sources to analyze national identity attachment variables that affect it by focusing …

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Project Mkultra: How The Cia Used The Cold War To Commit Horrors On Us Citizens, Dawson M. Neely

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: Project MKULTRA, the CIA’s covert mind-control program, began in 1953 and operated throughout the 1960s. Evidence from a number of sources, including the transcripts from the Church Committee hearings (1975), and several news reports uncovered the atrocities of the program. One victim of MKULTRA described the effects of his treatment (for falsely diagnosed psychosomatic leg pain) as “mental rape.” These therapies ranged from electroshock, to being unwittingly drugged with LSD. The Church Committee found that these horrific events were not isolated, but rather conducted within universities, research foundations, and even prisons. The Washington Post later editorialized that lawsuits were …

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From Counterinsurgency To Chemical Warfare: Technology Dependence And Agent Orange, Sophia Johnson

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy approved the use of chemical defoliants in Vietnam. Taking British use of chemical defoliants during the Malayan Emergency as precedent, American counterinsurgency efforts used the potent “rainbow” herbicides to destroy enemy crops and jungle foliage. Although the use of Agent Orange was intended to be a limited counterinsurgency tactic, the rapid escalation of Agent Orange’s use, negligence in ensuring its safety, and its auxiliary intentional use on humans all indicate an irresponsible exercise in chemical warfare on behalf of the U.S. government. Sources examined include monographs such as David Zierler’s Invention of Ecocide: Agent …

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Seamen And Sinners: Piracy And The Labor Culture Of The Early Eighteenth-Century British Atlantic World, Avonlea Bowthorpe

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: Between 1700 and 1730, the British Atlantic was significantly influenced by two compelling forces. The first was the continued and accelerating growth of competing European empires in the region, who in this period endeavored to define and protect their territorial boundaries whilst setting up profitable economic systems of production and commerce within them. The second was that of the pirates of the Atlantic, who, in a final crescendo of violence and destruction, would take hundreds of ships, disrupt highly valuable trade, and engage in bloody warfare with the Royal Navy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the …

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The Blood Logs: Factors In The U.S. Decision To Classify The Japanese Biological And Chemical Warfare Program, Linda R. Zhang

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Abstract: The Japanese Imperial Army maintained chemical and biological testing facilities during the Asian Pacific War where unwilling civilians and prisoners of war were subjected to human experiments regarding frostbite, germ warfare, syphilis, weapons testing, and human anatomy. As American forces began occupying Japan and restructuring the country, the Allied Powers established an international tribunal to prosecute Japanese leaders deemed responsible for the war. During this time period, American policymakers would classify the Japanese bio warfare program, essentially protecting Japanese participants in the warfare program from facing trial. My research analyzes why American policymakers would classify Japan’s Biochemical Warfare Program …

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Whitworth University’S Response To The Vietnam War: A Historical Record Of News, Kyle Evers

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

This paper attempts to answer the question of how the battle for public opinion regarding the Vietnam War unfolded on the campus of Whitworth College in Spokane, Washington. Specifically, this paper examines the eleven-year period, from 1962 to 1973 by primarily using The Whitworthian, Whitworth University’s student led newspaper and conducting several oral interviews. Twenty-two different articles written by students and staff illustrate the growing support for the antiwar movement as well as the staunch support for the war that persisted for its entire duration. The paper examines the way in which Whitworth students fit into a larger pattern of …

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Congress And The Fall Of Jacobo Arbenz: A Narrative Of Cold War Fears And Redemption, David Erik Lindwall

Latin American Studies ETDs

This thesis will examine the statements and actions of U.S. Congressmen and Senators between 1945 and 1996 to understand how they influenced White House policy towards the regime of Jacobo Árbenz. It will show how legislators equated growing communist influence in the Árbenz regime to Cold War struggles going on in Korea, Indochina and Eastern Europe, and how Congressmen from both parties drew on those fears to pressure Presidents Truman and Eisenhower to "neutralize the threat," leading to Árbenz’s fall. When violence erupted again in Guatemala in 1960-1996, Congress reinterpreted the story of Árbenz as Republicans and Democrats were polarized …

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A Civil Society: The Public Space Of Freemason Women In France, 1744-1944, James Allen

A Civil Society: The Public Space of Freemason Women in France, 1744-1944

No abstract provided.

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Functional Changes In Fortified Places: Strategy And Defensive Architecture In The Medieval And Early Modern Eras, Scott Kirk

Anthropology ETDs

Castles – defined as the fortified residences of a militarized elite class – are a global, cross-cultural phenomenon rather than a historically particular development in medieval Europe. Pairing Niche Construction Theory (NCT) with the Lévi-Straussian concept of the House, this research combines architectural, statistical, and geospatial analyses for a sample of castles from medieval European, western colonial, and nonwestern societies to show: (1) castle building is a recurring feature of competition in stratified pre-industrial societies, (2) geography and topography constrain castle location and function, and (3) changes in castle placement, design and elaboration reflect the changing nature of social, economic …

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Secure Cloud Controlled Uas Operations, Russell T. Rozensky, Caleb H. Leeb, Anthony Johnson

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Integrating a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) with cloud capabilities for military or enterprise use has not usually been feasible due to cybersecurity concerns. With recent advancements in blockchain networks the possibility of large cloud connected UAS networks has emerged. Our team investigates how to integrate data collected from a sUAS with a cloud-based service for data collection, storage, and processing implemented to ensure data privacy and data integrity. Our proposed network architecture implements a blockchain network to maintain decentralized security for the network. The research’s objectives include running security tests against a blockchain network & host/client networks and then …

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“Edna O’Brien: An Interview With Maureen O’Connor”, Maureen O'Connor, Martha Carpentier, Elizabeth Brewer Redwine

Critical Inquiries Into Irish Studies

No abstract provided.

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Fighting Election Hackers And Trolls On Their Own Turf: Defending Forward In Cyberspace, Jonathan K. Sawmiller

Idaho Law Review

What Are We Afraid Of? Three Suggestions For Maximizing Voter Participation, Thomas Prohaska

Idaho Law Review

Erotic Ecology In Ovid's Heroides, Noah Holt

Foreign Languages & Literatures ETDs

The Slow Violence Of Eco-Apocalypse In The Poetry Of José Emilio Pacheco, Niels H. Christensen

Theses and Dissertations

From Captive To Captor: Hannah Duston And The Indian Removal Act, Olivia Cronquist

Theses and Dissertations

Solarwinds Showcases Russian Hacking Prowess, Demonstrates Urgency For Improved U.S. Telecoms Cybersecurity, Abigail Weston

Student Research Symposium

Ὁ Δρόμος: Testing The Charge At Marathon, 490 Bce, Daniel Porter

Student Research Symposium

Tensions Surrounding Multinational Lunar Development Threaten Global Stability, Highlight Need For Cooperation, Megyn Degraw

Student Research Symposium

Ai-Driven Drone Swarms Pose Multiple Security Threats To The Us Military, Andy Pierucci

Student Research Symposium

Crispr And The Transhumanism Movement: Civilian And Military Ethics Reassessment Looming, Jennifer Ha

Student Research Symposium

Pacification Gone Awry: The U.S Failure To Underpin Hearts And Minds In South Vietnam, 1966–1968, Simon Mai

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Revival Of Termination: Fragmenting John Collier’S Bureau Of Indian Affairs, Jacob Taylor

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Cause And Effect Of Paramilitary Groups, Ryan Hill

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Sicut Regale: An Analysis Of The Sovereignty And Rule Of The Welsh Marcher Lords, Luke Lambert

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Born And Bred In Blood: The Fall Of The Aztec Empire, Melina Arciniega

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Changes In The Relationship Between The Horus And Seth: Settling The Score, Gabrielle Goodwin

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Manifestation Of Total War In The Mexican Revolution, Craig J. Verniest

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Kings Have Daddy Issues: Masculinity And Generational Kingship Of The Plantagenet Dynasty, Richard Merrell

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Settling In A Foreign Land: Women’S Experiences In Exile In Latvian Writer Irma Grebzde’S Prose Fiction, Ingrīda Kupšāne, Sandra Meškova

Journal of International Women's Studies

National Identity Attachment And Its Variables, Tri Windari

Journal of International Women's Studies

Project Mkultra: How The Cia Used The Cold War To Commit Horrors On Us Citizens, Dawson M. Neely

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

From Counterinsurgency To Chemical Warfare: Technology Dependence And Agent Orange, Sophia Johnson

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Seamen And Sinners: Piracy And The Labor Culture Of The Early Eighteenth-Century British Atlantic World, Avonlea Bowthorpe

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

The Blood Logs: Factors In The U.S. Decision To Classify The Japanese Biological And Chemical Warfare Program, Linda R. Zhang

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Whitworth University’S Response To The Vietnam War: A Historical Record Of News, Kyle Evers

Phi Alpha Theta Pacific Northwest Regional Conference

Congress And The Fall Of Jacobo Arbenz: A Narrative Of Cold War Fears And Redemption, David Erik Lindwall

Latin American Studies ETDs

A Civil Society: The Public Space Of Freemason Women In France, 1744-1944, James Allen

A Civil Society: The Public Space of Freemason Women in France, 1744-1944

Functional Changes In Fortified Places: Strategy And Defensive Architecture In The Medieval And Early Modern Eras, Scott Kirk

Anthropology ETDs

Secure Cloud Controlled Uas Operations, Russell T. Rozensky, Caleb H. Leeb, Anthony Johnson

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

“Edna O’Brien: An Interview With Maureen O’Connor”, Maureen O'Connor, Martha Carpentier, Elizabeth Brewer Redwine

Critical Inquiries Into Irish Studies