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A Dual System Of Justice: Financial Institutions And White-Collar Criminal Enforcement, Sebastian Bellm

Notre Dame Law Review

Proposing more severe punishment for white-collar criminals is not a new concept. While many argue for the increased prison time of white-collar offenders, others provide “a counter-perspective on the use of prison sentences.” Other areas of academic publication support the convergence of sentencing guidelines for white-collar and drug-related criminals, particularly in light of utilitarian and retributivist principles. Rather than simply recommending that white-collar criminals should be punished more, this Note proposes two distinct structural solutions that reevaluate the current policies directing the punishment of white-collar criminal conduct. Specifically, this Note argues that the Department of Justice (DOJ) should reconsider the …

A Scapegoat Theory Of Bivens, Katherine M. Crocker

Notre Dame Law Review

Some scapegoats are innocent. Some warrant blame, but not the amount they are made to bear. Either way, scapegoating can allow in-groups to sidestep social problems by casting blame onto out-groups instead of confronting such problems—and the in-groups’ complicity in perpetuating them—directly.

This Essay suggests that it may be productive to view the Bivens regime’s rise as countering various exercises in scapegoating and its retrenchment as constituting an exercise in scapegoating. The earlier cases can be seen as responding to social structures that have scapegoated racial, economic, and other groups through overaggressive policing, mass incarceration, and inequitable government conduct more …

Civil Unrest And The Role Of The Attorney General: A Comparison Of Ramsey Clark To William Barr, Lonnie T. Brown Jr.

Mercer Law Review

This article compares and contrasts the manner in which former Attorneys General Ramsey Clark and William Barr dealt with racially-motivated civil unrest. Clark faced this challenge multiple times during the tumultuous late 1960s. Barr, on the other hand, dealt with such unrest in 1992 and again in 2020 following the police-killing of George Floyd. The respective strategies taken by these two men reveal much about their personal values and how those may have, rightly or wrongly, shaped their perspectives on the attorney general’s role. More importantly, Clark’s and Barr’s conflicting approaches in carrying out their responsibilities in addressing social discord …

Criminal Law X Addiction, Dawinder S. Sidhu

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

University City Sustainability Plan, Fall 2020 & Spring 2021, Alex Chow, Stepha Kvokov, Carter Rholl, Mary Kimball Vereen, Julia Grandury, Michael Lee, Maddie Parise, Theo Promlikitchai, Jacob Weinstein

Sustainability Exchange Projects

University City Sustainability Plan, Sustainability Exchange, Washington University in St. Louis, Fall 2020 & Spring 2021

Presidential Rhetoric About Immigration From Ronald Reagan To Donald Trump, Katya Palacios

Political Science & International Studies | Senior Theses

The United States is known as the “land of opportunity” where many seek safety, economic prosperity, and freedom. The U.S is a nation built by immigrants. While achieving the American Dream has never been easy, the U.S has a population of over 45 million migrants. Immigration policy is a federal responsibility and, as such, requires presidential leadership. Presidents have had to address the issue and have done so differently. For example, during one of the 1980 Republican primary debates, George H.W Bush and Ronald Reagan both agreed that building a relationship with its Mexican neighbor was important for the United …

The Cost Of Crime: A Study On Human Trafficking, Kirsten Krug

Applied Economics Theses

Human trafficking is a billion dollar industry that impacts hundreds of thousands of individuals each year. Each year the United States alone spends millions of dollars on law enforcement programs designated to combat human trafficking.

This thesis examines the impact of those programs as deterrents for individuals who are willing to commit this type of violent crime, as well as why they might commit crime in the first place. In addition to providing an economic analysis of the impact of arrest and jail as deterrents on trafficking, the thesis will also look into what may cause an individual to fall …

University Of Minnesota, Morris 2021 Commencement, Communications And Marketing

UMM Commencement

The University of Minnesota, Morris's Fifty-Eighth Commencement Saturday, May 15, 2021.

Lessons Learned: A Successful And Balanced Framework For Post-Conflict Transitional Justice In Myanmar, Joanna Gisel

University of Dayton Law Review

No abstract provided.

Teaching Therapeutic Jurisprudence, David C. Yamada

University of Baltimore Law Review

No abstract provided.

Critical Reflections On Fraser: What Equality Are We Seeking?, Sonia Lawrence

Articles & Book Chapters

In this brief comment, I contextualise and complicate the conventional reading of Fraser v Canada as a victory for equality seeking groups.¹ Instead, or at least alongside that reading, I want to suggest some other stories about the trajectory of equality in Canada since the Charter² era began, and about what future doctrinal developments Fraser might lead us to predict.

1 Fraser v Canada (Attorney General), 2020 SCC 28 [Fraser]. 2 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (UK), 1982, c 11.

Making The Most Of An Adjunct Placement, Leah Morin, Austin Phillips, Jon Jeffryes

Presentations

This poster discusses approaches to ensure that adjunct placements leverage the temporary placement to the benefit of both adjunct librarians and institutions. Librarians can leverage short-term employment to develop skills and gain experience in new library environments. Libraries maintain services while seeking longterm solutions and progress on key projects leveraging skill areas supporting adjunct librarians’ professional development. Clear career goals, intentional supervision, and guidance on translating experience to future job applications can ground an adjunct appointment in mutually-beneficial principles.

Use Of Force Under Scrutiny: Impacts Of Body-Worn Cameras On Types Of Force Used By Police, Michaela Elizabeth Goldsmith

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

While several studies have examined the impact of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on the frequency of use of force incidents with mixed results, research evaluating the impact of BWCs on types of force is scant. Utilizing 86-months of use of force report data from a medium-sized mid-Atlantic police department (36 months pre, and 50 months post-BWC implementation), the current study addresses limitations in prior BWC research and explores the potential relationship between BWCs and the level/types of force used through the use of Vector Autoregression Analysis.

Geospatial Analysis Of Registered Sex Offenders: A Case Study From Pulaski County, Arkansas, Maggie Rose Bridges

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this case study was to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of the residences of registered sex offenders in Pulaski County, Arkansas to determine the impact of state enforced residence restrictions. Density and clustering factors were used to identify census tracts of the study area with high and low concentrations of offenders. These zones were then compared to identify which characteristics were similar and dissimilar between high and low concentration zones. The results indicate that there is a non-random distribution of registered sex offenders in the study area. The findings also indicate that the residence restrictions placed on …

Tweeting Terror: Evaluating Changes To The Terror Recruitment And Radicalization Process In The Age Of Social Media, Jackson T. Grasz

Pepperdine Policy Review

The 2019 terror attack in Christchurch, New Zealand shocked the world as a lone gunman claimed the lives of more than fifty Muslin men, women, and children. As the nation grieved and security experts searched for answers, old notions of how and why terrorism occurs began to crumble. It became clear that this attack, perpetrated by a white supremacist, was born of and carried out for a new digital age. What set this terror attack apart was the centrality of social media to the radicalization and motivation of the lone assailant. In light of this development, this paper evaluates the …

Life, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Police Officer Acquittals: Jurors' Explicit And Implicit Racism, Donovan Corson Kelley

Doctoral Dissertations

Less than .001% of cases involving police officers killing suspects result in trial convictions; acquittals are significantly higher for Black victims than for White victims. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine if explicit and implicit racism amongst jurors helped explain why police officers are rarely convicted of murder, especially in cases with Black victims. In a pilot study in which mock jurors read a trial summary involving an officer killing an unarmed victim who was either Black or White, jurors were more likely acquit officers on trial for killing a Black victim than a White victim. In Study …

Justice System Outcomes Of Children Referred For Sexual Offenses, Kei Saito

Doctoral Dissertations

The proliferation of increasingly punitive sex crime legislation in the United States have extended to include children adjudicated of sexual offenses. Using data from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, this dissertation examined the impact of three factors on sentencing outcomes for children referred for illegal sexual behaviors: race, same-sex victim, and county of referral. (1) Black children were disproportionately arrested for sexual offenses compared to any other racial/ethnic group. However, Black children in the sample were less likely to face harsher outcomes compared to Caucasian children, such as adjudication and ordered to register as a sex offender. (2) Children …

History, Norms And Conflicting Loyalties In The Office Of Attorney General, Nancy Virginia Baker

Mercer Law Review

A sincere thank you to Patrick Longan and Mercer Law Review for organizing this timely and important symposium on ethics and professionalism in the Office of the U.S. Attorney General. It is such a fascinating office to study, at the nexus of law and politics.

I was a college undergraduate during Watergate, when I first became aware there was an office of attorney general. In graduate school, my interest in it piqued when Edwin Meese was nominated by Ronald Reagan. From then on, I have focused my research on the U.S. Attorney General, especially the duality inherent in the office. …

Diversity In The Commercial Sexual Exploitation Of Children In The Us, Brianna Ferreira

Master's Theses and Capstones

Researchers have examined the commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC), however, they tend to focus on a stereotypical victim. Little research exists on the diversity of CSEC, and the various forms that it can encompass. This secondary data analysis examines the diversity in United States CSEC cases by using Mitchell, Finkelhor, and Wolak’s (2010) National Juvenile Prostitution Study (NJPS) case narratives. The current study uses thematic analysis to analyze the 132 NJPS case narratives. Seven major overarching themes of diversity emerged throughout the research process: (1) Facilitator/Relationship of Facilitator and Dynamics, (2) Gender of Juvenile, (3) Reason for Engagement: Risk …

Words And Their Meanings: The Role Of Textualism In The Progressive Toolbox, Eliot T. Tracz

Seton Hall Journal of Legislation and Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Positive Rhetoric, Prejudiced Policy: The Contradiction Of Islamophobia In American Government After 9-11., Molly Bilz

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

Following the tragic terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, local and national leaders responded to the security crisis by uniting the country under the American ideals of freedom and democracy while condemning the Islamic terrorist group responsible. With beliefs rooted in historical American and European prejudice, Western scholarship promoted a “clash of civilizations” between Islam and the West wherein the cultures’ supposed irreconcilable differences would inevitably lead to warfare. Simultaneously, many Americans grew suspicious of Muslims after the attacks, including government officials. As hate crimes against Muslim and Middle Eastern Americans soared in the U.S., government leaders used positive rhetoric …

2021 Spring Graduate Commencement, Lindenwood University

Commencement Programs

Lindenwood University Commencement program.

Conducting Research In Indigenous Communities: Recommendations For Research Partnerships, Sheena Gilbert, Emily M. Wright, Raquel Deherrera, Tara Richards

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Before conducting research in an Indigenous community, a researcher, especially a non-Indigenous researcher, must recognize and acknowledge not only the historical impact research has had on Indigenous communities but the current impacts that arise when research is conducted in Indigenous communities. Specifically, one must consider settler colonialism and its continuing impact on Indigenous communities today. Professor of Indigenous Education Linda Tuhiwai Smith (2012) states: “The word itself, ‘research’, is probably one of the dirtiest words in the Indigenous world’s vocabulary”. Smith continues by linking research and Western imperialism and colonialism together, with research being a tool for imperialism and colonialism. …

School Interventionists Fy 2015-2020, Lindsey Wylie, Erin Wasserburger, Anne M. Hobbs, Juvenile Justice Institute, University Of Nebraska At Omaha

Reports

School Interventionists identify and coordinate behavioral or academic intervention for a student. Youth can be referred to the School Interventionist for attendance issues, poor grades, lack of engagement, and/or behavior issues. The intervention process includes clearly identifying the problem, selecting a strategy to address the problem, and measuring the effectiveness of the strategy. The intervention can include other supports for the youth within the school or community. In interviewing School Interventionists, they are often responsible for addressing a range of school and home issues, and often use a range of activities to do so. These activities fall within three identified …

A Case Study Of The Perspectives Of School Administrators In Ontario On Policies And Practices Addressing Disproportionality In Student Discipline, Annastasia Onyinyechukwuka Oraegbunem

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this case study was to understand the perspectives of school administrators in Ontario on policies and practices addressing disproportionality in student discipline and suspension rates for minority students. The problem is that minority students get school suspension at significantly higher rates than non-minority students. The theory guiding this study is the Black identity development theory. There are four research questions with a central research question is, what are school administrators' perspectives on policies and practices addressing disproportionality in student discipline and suspension rates for minority students in Ontario? This single qualitative case study design purposefully sampled 10 …

But Is It Good: The Need To Measure, Assess, And Report On Court-Connected Adr, Nancy A. Welsh

Faculty Scholarship

We know that very few civil matters reach disposition through trial—but what do we really know about how civil cases do reach disposition? What number of civil cases reach disposition through settlement? What number of civil cases reach settlement through court-connected “alternative” dispute resolution (ADR)? Do we know enough about the results of courtconnected ADR to be able to detect potential patterns of systemic discrimination? This Article examines what we know from federal and state court systems’ public reporting and finds: 1) only a minority of federal district courts and state court systems report regarding dispositions through settlement; 2) there …

If Only I Had Known: The Challenges Of Representation, Jenny E. Carroll

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay explores the challenges of that representation and the false dichotomies it creates—dichotomies that carry tremendous burdens for stakeholders—from my perspective as a public defender. It is the only perspective I know, and so it is an incomplete story. I cannot tell the whole story of representation no matter how generous the word count or deadline. I do not know it. Nor can I tell my complete story of what it was to be a representative. But this is a start. My story is written in the first person and tries at once both to be personal and to …

A Scapegoat Theory Of Bivens, Katherine Mims Crocker

Faculty Scholarship

Some scapegoats are innocent. Some warrant blame, but not the amount they are made to bear. Either way, scapegoating can allow in-groups to sidestep social problems by casting blame onto out-groups instead of confronting such problems—and the in-groups’ complicity in perpetuating them—directly.

This Essay suggests that it may be productive to view the Bivens regime’s rise as countering various exercises in scapegoating and its retrenchment as constituting an exercise in scapegoating. The earlier cases can be seen as responding to social structures that have scapegoated racial, economic, and other groups through overaggressive policing, mass incarceration, and inequitable government conduct more …

Treatment Access For Dual Diagnosis Substance Use And Mental Health Disorders, Pedro Banuelos

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

In 2018, of 1.3 million Latinx adults in the United States facing concurrent issues with substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health disorders (MHD) 93% remained untreated for either diagnosis. This is concerning since Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) data reveals that this population is at greater risk for suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts. They also face structural barriers such as employment, housing, legal involvement, and insurability that further impede access to treatment.

This study’s purpose was to examine barriers to accessing treatment for Latinx populations confronting co-occurring SUDs and MHDs. This study used a qualitative design …

The Perception Of Social Work Students On Elderly Abuse, Fatima Guadalupe Graciano, Melinda Cholico

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perception of elderly abuse among the social work students. The research study explored students understanding of different types of abuse among the elderly. The exploratory research project utilized a qualitative approach that consisted of one-to-one zoom interviews using open-ended questions to obtain information about the students’ insight, feelings, and experiences on the topic of elder abuse. The study sample consisted of five participants of an MSW program. Zoom interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and were transcribed for analysis. The research findings show that students who have experience working with older adults or …