Digital Commons Network^™

Career And Technology Connections To Enhance The Teaching & Learning Of Mathematics, Kelly W. Remijan

Publications & Research

No abstract provided.

Globalizing Noncitizen Detention, Jaye Balentine

Anthós

This inquiry seeks to establish that the global expansion in regimes of noncitizen detention represents a contemporary expression of imperial subjectification under Western liberalism and that such regimes serve a key role in maintaining the capitalist social order. While several efforts have been made to explain the globalization of noncitizen detention practices stemming from the United States, there exists serious shortcomings in the proposed analyses. Namely, existing literature on the subject has failed to adequately account for the history of Western imperialism and the centrality of liberalism as a political ideology in this imperial project. By intervening in the existing …

Understanding Police Decisions To Arrest: The Impact Of Situational, Officer, And Neighborhood Characteristics On Police Discretion, Jessica Huff

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Purpose

Promote the use of multilevel modeling to refine theories of police discretion. Specifically, examine the simultaneous influence of situational factors, responding officers, and neighborhood context on arrests guided by a social-ecological framework.

Methods

Cross-classified models were used to assess the outcomes of 835,381 incidents responded to by 835 Phoenix Police officers in 388 census tracts.

Results

Situational, officer, and neighborhood factors all significantly influence arrests. Incident-level factors account for most of the variation, followed by officers, and neighborhoods. Incidents that resulted in arrest were more likely to involve victims, a greater number of responding officers, female officers, and college-educated …

Federal Policy Has Failed To Protect Indigenous Women, Sheena Gilbert, Emily M. Wright, Tara Richards

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Racial Threat Theory: A Test Of The Economic Threat Hypothesis, Carl L. Reeds

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Racial disparities in the criminal justice system are well documented. While one potential contributor to these disparities may be differential offending on the part of racial groups, another alternative or additional explanation is racial discrimination. Blalock developed racial threat theory to explain macro-level discrimination. According to this theory various forms of “threat” posed by minority populations to majority populations leads to more formal social control or disparate formal social control, such as the formal social control that is imposed by the criminal justice system. According to Blalock, “economic threat” occurs when the Black population has large or increasing economic resources …

Vol.48 N.48 June 17th 2021, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Taking Restorative Justice Seriously, Adriaan Lanni

Buffalo Law Review

Those seeking to reduce mass incarceration have increasingly pointed to restorative justice—an approach that typically brings thoseaffected by a criminal offense together in an attempt to address the harmcaused by the offense rather than to mete out punishment. This Article is an attempt to think seriously about incorporating restorative justice throughout the criminal legal system. For restorative justice proponents, expanding these practices raises a host of questions: Does the opportunity to alleviate mass incarceration justify collaboration with a deeply flawed criminal legal system? Will the threat of criminal prosecution destroy the voluntariness and sincerity that is essential for a successful …

Addressing The Risks That Trade Secret Protections Pose For Health And Rights, Allison Durkin, Patricia Anne D. Sta. Maria, Brandon Willmore, Amy Kapczynski

Ateneo School of Law Publications

Human rights frameworks afford everyone the right to health and the right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications. Both come together to create state obligations to ensure access to medicines and other health technologies. Though the impact of patents on access to high-quality; affordable medicines and health technologies has been well described; there has been little attention to the impact of trade secrecy law in this context. In this paper; we describe how trade secrecy protection comes into conflict with access to medicines—for example; by preventing researchers from accessing clinical trial data; undermining the scale-up of …

True Crime And Danger Narratives: Reflections On Stories Of Violece, Race, And (In)Justice, Lindsey Webb

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

In the United States, white people have long told both overt and veiled narratives of the purported danger and criminality of people of color. Sometimes known as ‘danger narratives,’ these gruesome accounts often depict the kidnapping, assault, and murder of white women at the hands of men of color. These narratives have been used to promote and justify enslavement, lynching, mass incarceration, and a host of other methods and institutions of white supremacy and racial control.

While white people have been creating and consuming danger narratives, they have also been telling other stories about crime. Like danger narratives, these stories, …

"Benevolent Paternalism" Revisited, Daniel H. Foote

Articles

Nearly thirty years ago, in an article entitled “The Benevolent Paternalism of Japanese Criminal Justice” (Benevolent Paternalism), I sought to set out a model for the Japanese criminal justice system, the “benevolent paternalism” model. As the label reflects, I viewed the Japanese criminal justice system as consisting of two sides, a “paternalistic” side and a “benevolent” side. This essay begins with a short summary of the model; it then turns to an examination of major developments in the intervening three decades and considers whether the model remains relevant today.

June 16, 2021 Faculty Senate Minutes, University Of South Carolina

Faculty Senate

No abstract provided.

A Systematic Review Of Mental Illness, Criminogenic Risk, And The U.S. Prison System, Eliza Esquibel

Student Works

The incarceration rates in the United States are the highest in the world. Within the U.S. prison population, mental illness is overrepresented as compared to the general population. The present study examined existing literature that researched the connection between the prison system and mental illness, and the potential solutions to this crisis. The studies looked at focused on psychiatric disorders, substance disorders, and trauma. They also focused on the intersection between race, mental illness, and the prison system, and the intersection between mental illness, gender, and the prison system. These studies revealed a high prevalence of untreated mental illness in …

The Ring Of Gyges 2.0: How Anonymity Providing Behaviors Affect Willingness To Participate In Online Deviance, Cassandra E. Dodge

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Anonymity has long been discussed as a source of disinhibition. The myth of the Ring of Gyges illustrates how a person may act immorally solely because they know they will not be caught (Plato, 375/2017). Incorporating perspectives of rational choice and deterrence, anonymity serves as a form of risk reduction within hedonistic calculus (Beccaria, 1764/1963; Bentham, 1781/2000). Analogous to the myth of the Ring of Gyges (Plato, 375/2017), techniques of anonymity “hide” users from others while online. These techniques serve as a form of risk reduction, reducing the certainty of punishment (Becarria 1764/1963). Additionally, there are many ways by which …

Crime Patterns In Bend, Oregon Over A Twenty-Year Period, Holly Schorr

University Honors Theses

Most of the public's understanding of crime is based on mainstream media coverage, which is often tainted by sensationalism and oversimplification. News coverage tends to focus on shorter-term trends that can exaggerate crime patterns and obscure important contextual details. Although there are large quantities of data that can be used to analyze crime over long periods of time and in great detail, long-term analyses are often overlooked due to the ever-present need for shorter-term analyses to inform local policies and policing strategies. In this report, we will utilize UCR and NIBRS data to analyze both the nature of individual offenses …

Police Union Contracts And Impediments To Accountability: A Case Study Analysis Of Ppa Bargaining Agreements, Elizabeth Ott

University Honors Theses

Despite a growing widespread recognition that police unions represent a major component of policing and have major influences on aspects of policing such as disciplinary procedures, day-to-day management, and police-community relations, they have until recently been largely ignored by police scholars. In light of significant gaps in knowledge regarding police unions and the impacts that they have on law enforcement behavior and police accountability, this paper utilizes a case study approach to analyze all existing union contracts between the Portland Police Association (PPA) and the City of Portland in order to explore the prevalence of particular contract provisions that critics …

Automated Decision Making And Machine Learning: Regulatory Alternatives For Autonomous Settings, Alyssa Heminger

University Honors Theses

Given growing investment capital in research and development, accompanied by extensive literature on the subject by researchers in nearly every domain from civil engineering to legal studies, automated decision-support systems (ADM) are likely to see a place in the foreseeable future. Artificial intelligence (AI), as an automated system, can be defined as a broad range of computerized tasks designed to replicate human neural networks, store and organize large quantities of information, detect patterns, and make predictions with increasing accuracy and reliability. By itself, artificial intelligence is not quite science-fiction tropes (i.e. an uncontrollable existential threat to humanity) yet not without …

The Impact Of Adverse Childhood Experience (Aces), Future Adult Incarceration, And Poor Mental Health- A Literature Review, Letasi M. Burgess

University Honors Theses

The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE's) study is about childhood experiences with abuse, neglect, household challenges, and adult life mental and physical well-being. ACE's that were identified and studied were substance abuse; domestic violence; emotional and physical neglect; physical, emotional, and sexual abuse; mental illness; divorce/separation; and members of the home who have been incarcerated. This paper will be about how adults who have been or are incarcerated, as well as have or have had mental health issues, were impacted by adverse childhood experiences.

Exploring The Criminal Justice System Through A Case Study Approach: Exploring The Intersections And Interventions Of The Juvenile Justice System Through A Case Study Approach, Adriana Cordova-Perez

University Honors Theses

For my thesis, I used a case study approach to analyze what we can learn about the Criminal justice system by exploring the life history of a juvenile offender. Research data was collected through an interview with a juvenile offender. Secondary sources such as literature review will also be examined to better understand the juvenile justice system. The interview will have several questions to better understand the life of the juvenile prior to them becoming part of the criminal justice system and also the question about life while in the youth correctional facility. Through those questions, I hope to better …

Higher Education For All Law Enforcement Officers, Johana Constantino Madrigal

University Honors Theses

In this brief prospectus, the focus is on the many arguments for why it should be a requirement for all law enforcement officers to have a higher education background. Given light to recent events, the importance for more highly trained and educated officers has become more dire as people call for justice in an attempt to right the wrongs that have been done. The articles found all address the manner in which higher education can help with better judgement calls, analyze and respond to situations better, and the overall perception officers have, who have a form of higher education, on …

Newsroom, Georgia Southern University

Newsroom (2006-2023)

• Juneteenth: A celebration of freedom — and a continued dream

Petitions From The Grave: Why Federal Executions Are A Violation Of The Suspension Clause, Taran Wessells

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

This Note will address the intersection of wrongful convictions, the federal death penalty, and habeas corpus to conclude that the federal death penalty is an unconstitutional violation of the Suspension Clause of the United States Constitution. Part I of this Note will establish that Congress may not suspend the writ of habeas corpus outside of wartime. Then, Part II will show that wrongfully convicted prisoners therefore have a constitutional right to a habeas petition if they discover new, exonerating evidence. Part III will argue that because executed prisoners cannot file a habeas petition for release, executing wrongfully convicted prisoners is …

Frankly, It's A Mess: Requiring Courts To Transparently "Redline" Affidavits In The Face Of Franks Challenges, Diana Bibb

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Part I provides a brief overview of the Fourth Amendment, probable cause, and the exclusionary rule. Part II discusses Franks v. Delaware, the development of the challenge’s framework, and subsequent expansions to the doctrine made by the lower courts. Next, Part III argues that, despite the aforementioned expansions, courts have consistently weakened Franks. Notably, the Supreme Court refuses to consider Franks issues, including the multitude of splits over which standard of review is applicable. Moreover, some circuits have developed their own minute rules that have chiseled away at the effectiveness of a Franks challenge. Part IV proposes that …

Life Skill Development And Its Impact On Perceived Stress, Employment And Education Pursuits: A Study Of Young Adults With A History Of Homelessness And Trauma, Josephine Beker, Tina M. Deangelis

Student Journal of Occupational Therapy

An occupational therapy educational training group for young adults in permanent supported housing was developed, implemented and evaluated with pre-post outcome measures including Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). The study explored stress levels and employment-related goals of individuals who have aged out of the foster care system and may also have had a history of chronic homelessness and trauma. Results demonstrated a trend towards significance in perceived stress 9Z=1.689, p=0.91) with 7 of 8 participants surpassing the expected outcome according to GAS. Limitations included a small convenience sample (n=8), inconsistent attendance and use of self-report …

What Factors Contribute To A Murder Case Being Designated As A Cold Case?, Claudia Yvette Ortiz

Theses and Dissertations

Homicide is the most serious form of crime and unfortunately, if you are murdered in America, there is a one in three chance that the police will not identify your killer (Kaste, 2015). Unsolved homicide cases are often referred to as “cold cases.” Very little is understood about cold cases and the circumstances under which a case may go “cold”. To investigate the characteristics of cold cases, data from one of the largest cities in Texas (Houston) will be used to compare similarities and differences from Houston’s cleared homicide cases and cold cases. The factors that are the focus of …

06-15-2021 Swosu To Receive Largest-Ever Single Donation For Healthcare Education Center, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

THE BARK ARCHIVE 2021

No abstract provided.

2021 June 15 - Board Of Trustees Agenda And Minutes, Board Of Trustees, East Tennessee State University

Board of Trustees Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Child Protection Policies And Practices In Mennonite Church Usa Congregations: A Follow-Up Study, Jeanette Harder, Elisabeth Wilder

Social Work Faculty Publications

While congregations have a spiritual mandate to be open and welcoming, they must be aware of the risks involved in ministry and be prepared to protect children from all types of abuse and neglect. In 2010 and again in 2018, Dove’s Nest, a nonprofit organization, conducted an online survey to determine the characteristics, practices, and experiences of Mennonite Church USA congregations with and without written child protection policies. The research questions for this study were: (1) What are the characteristics, practices, and experiences of congregations in regard to child protection, and how have they changed since 2010? (2) What is …

The Challenges And Aspirations Of The Digital Transformation Of The State Council Of Egypt, Moustafa Ahmad Kamal Mahmoud Ahmad

Theses and Dissertations

The use of modern technology to support the transformation of governmental public operations and services including judicial ones, with the aim of increasing efficiency, efficacy, and transparency, has spread all over the world, especially in the last four decades. This trend has existed in Egypt since the 1980s but without substantive efforts until the middle of the first decade of the current millennium. Since then, there have been several discussions, plans, and promises regarding the use of modern technology to enhance the effectiveness of judicial operations and services, especially in light of the increasing severe criticism directed towards the Egyptian …

Using Restorative Practices To Reduce Racially Disproportionate School Suspensions: The Barriers School Leaders Should Consider During The First Year Of Implementation, Andrea Joseph, Rebecca Jean Hnilica, Mary Hanson

Taboo: The Journal of Culture and Education

No abstract provided.

Reflections On Critical Librarianship And Creating A Controlled Vocabulary, Olivia R. Smith Schlinck

Sandbox Series

During the summer of 2020, several members of the Cardozo Law Library collaborated to create a controlled vocabulary (CV) for LARC, our institutional repository. During the creation of this CV, there was no explicit intention to consider critical librarianship teachings while making decisions about what words “belonged” in the CV nor in drafting policies relating to the CV. This presentation will reflect on how beginning the project with critical librarianship in mind may have impacted the CV and will attempt to consider changes to the current policies to mitigate biases that are undoubtedly embedded in the CV as it stands.