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2021

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Examining Predictors Of Attitudes And Knowledge Of Registered Nurses And Nursing Students In Tennessee Toward Pregnant And Perinatal Women With A Substance Use Disorder, Jessica Patrylo Aug 2021

Examining Predictors Of Attitudes And Knowledge Of Registered Nurses And Nursing Students In Tennessee Toward Pregnant And Perinatal Women With A Substance Use Disorder, Jessica Patrylo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Substance use disorders (SUDs) among pregnant and perinatal women continue to be a national public health crisis. Furthermore, nursing students and perinatal nurses have historically negative and punitive attitudes toward this vulnerable population of women. As nurses are primary care providers for pregnant and perinatal women, this is troublesome as perinatal patients express feeling stigmatized by nurses whom they should be able to trust. This contributes to the reluctance of women to seek needed medical and prenatal care. Tennessee was the first state to criminalize drug use in pregnancy and has higher neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) rates, which were more …

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Comparison Of Supported Liquid Extraction And Solid Phase Extraction Of Methamphetamine From Urine And Method Validation By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Taylor Hood Aug 2021

Comparison Of Supported Liquid Extraction And Solid Phase Extraction Of Methamphetamine From Urine And Method Validation By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Taylor Hood

Master's Theses

Applications of SLE (supported liquid extraction) is a relatively new extraction technique that is not widely used in forensic toxicology. SLE is also easier and less time consuming than traditional LLE (liquid-liquid extraction) and SPE (Solid phase extraction). This work will compare the extraction efficiencies between SLE and SPE for methamphetamine from urine with detection and quantitation using GC-MS (gas chromatography- mass spectrometry). The SLE cartridges provide better analyte recoveries, eliminate emulsion formation, and allow for shorter processing time than other extraction techniques. The SPE cartridges used have a mixed-mode non-polar/strong cation exchange retention mechanism to extract basic analytes like …

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Attachment And Intimate Partner Violence In Predominantly Hispanic Young Adult Couples, Deanna Pollard Aug 2021

Attachment And Intimate Partner Violence In Predominantly Hispanic Young Adult Couples, Deanna Pollard

Theses and Dissertations

Some research suggests that conflicting insecure attachment needs between romantic partners exacerbate the association between insecure attachment dimensions and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in men and women. However, the current literature examining this association are not without their limitations (i.e., small sample sizes, collapsing both partners' reports together to create their IPV variables, predominantly White samples, and utilizing attachment instruments that do not assess attachment dimensions directly). The present study aimed to address some of the limitations in previous research by examining the association between partners' opposing insecure attachment dimensions and male and female-perpetrated physical IPV in a …

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Resident And Staff Attitudes On Leisure And Leisure Constraints In Residential Programs For Individuals In Early Recovery From Substance Use Disorders, Jason Page Aug 2021

Resident And Staff Attitudes On Leisure And Leisure Constraints In Residential Programs For Individuals In Early Recovery From Substance Use Disorders, Jason Page

All Dissertations

The 2016 Surgeon General’s report on alcohol, drugs and health indicated that approximately 25 million Americans living in recovery from SUDs (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016). However, establishing stable recovery from SUDs is a complex psychosocial process of change that can take many years to achieve (Laudet, 2007; Neale et al., 2014).Treatment remains an effective means of helping individuals with SUDs establish recovery and build the recovery capital they need to sustain remission. Recovery capital is the total of an individual’s resources used to establish and maintain remission from SUD (Cloud & Granfield, 2008). Recovery capital may …

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“Corruptly” Continues Consistently Confounding Courts: A New Look At “Corruptly Persuades” In 18 U.S.C. § 1512(B) Obstruction Of Justice, Connor Nelson Aug 2021

“Corruptly” Continues Consistently Confounding Courts: A New Look At “Corruptly Persuades” In 18 U.S.C. § 1512(B) Obstruction Of Justice, Connor Nelson

Utah Law Review

The word “corruptly” presents significant interpretation problems to courts construing the word in statutes. This word has created a circuit split between the Second and Third Circuits over 18 U.S.C. § 1512(b), which forbids corruptly persuading witnesses not to cooperate with federal authorities. The Second Circuit requires defendants to have an improper purpose for persuading a witness not to cooperate. The Third Circuit requires defendants to know they have a corrupt motive behind their persuasion. Rather than declare one approach superior to the other, this Note instead contends that both Circuits achieve the same outcome for two reasons. First, both …

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A Gap Analysis Of Reentry Services For Corrections-Involved Populations In Rural East Tennessee, Alyssa P. Gretak Leal Aug 2021

A Gap Analysis Of Reentry Services For Corrections-Involved Populations In Rural East Tennessee, Alyssa P. Gretak Leal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Returning citizens face a host of barriers when attempting to reintegrate into society; thus, services for these concerns are imperative for successful reintegration. Unfortunately, services are often lacking, particularly in rural communities which tend to be overlooked in reentry research. In order to better determine service need for justice-involved populations in rural communities, the current study completed a gap analysis, both inspired and supplemented, by qualitative information collected from mental health providers (MHPs) in a rural Appalachian region of Tennessee. To complete the gap analysis, an estimation of need was collected via local crime statistics. Using this data, a two-sample …

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Editorial Introduction To The Special Issue: Supporting Future Scholarship On Cybercrime, Jaeyong Choi, Brandon Dulisse, Richard L. Wentling, Nathan Kruis Aug 2021

Editorial Introduction To The Special Issue: Supporting Future Scholarship On Cybercrime, Jaeyong Choi, Brandon Dulisse, Richard L. Wentling, Nathan Kruis

International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence & Cybercrime

This editorial introduction will present an overview of the three papers published in this special issue of the International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence and Cybercrime. The winners of the student paper competition during the 2021 Whitehat Conference have prepared their papers for this special issue. Their research directs our attention to key issues regarding cybercrime that have often been overlooked in the literature ranging from North Korean cyberterrorism to the relationship between COVID-19 and cybercrime and to fear of online victimization.

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North Korean Cyber Attacks And Policy Responses: An Interdisciplinary Theoretical Framework, Jeeseon Hwang, Kyung-Shick Choi Aug 2021

North Korean Cyber Attacks And Policy Responses: An Interdisciplinary Theoretical Framework, Jeeseon Hwang, Kyung-Shick Choi

International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence & Cybercrime

No abstract provided.

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Malware Infections In The U.S. During The Covid-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study, Sydney Gero, Sinchul Back, Jennifer Laprade, Joonggon Kim Aug 2021

Malware Infections In The U.S. During The Covid-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study, Sydney Gero, Sinchul Back, Jennifer Laprade, Joonggon Kim

International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence & Cybercrime

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world in many ways, especially in the landscape of cyber threats. The pandemic has pro-vided cybercriminals with more opportunities to commit crimes due to more people engaging in online activities, along with the increased use of computers for school, work, and social events. The current study seeks to explore cybercrime trends, in particular malware infections, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study examines the relationship between the number of malware in-fections, COVID-19 positive cases, closed non-essential businesses, and closed K-12 public schools in the United States. Data utilized in this study derives from (1) …

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Level Of Engagement With Social Networking Services And Fear Of Online Victimization: The Role Of Online Victimization Experiences, Yeonjae Park, Lynne M. Vieraitis Aug 2021

Level Of Engagement With Social Networking Services And Fear Of Online Victimization: The Role Of Online Victimization Experiences, Yeonjae Park, Lynne M. Vieraitis

International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence & Cybercrime

No abstract provided.

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The Impact Of Out-Of-Home Placements On Juvenile Delinquency And The Protective Factors That Neutralize Offending, Kenneth James Kilian Aug 2021

The Impact Of Out-Of-Home Placements On Juvenile Delinquency And The Protective Factors That Neutralize Offending, Kenneth James Kilian

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The negative effects of adverse childhood experiences have been widely examined; however, there has been limited research exploring the association between out-of-home placements and juvenile delinquency. Evidence suggests that positive bonding and associations mitigate maladaptive behaviors, yet it remains unclear if certain protective factors have an equally mediating effect on offending. The current study expanded on the existing criminological literature of juvenile offending by applying general strain theory and developmental taxonomy as the frameworks for the association between childhood traumas, protective factors, and juvenile offending. Data were drawn from the Pathways to Desistance Study using foster care, residential treatment centers, …

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The Influence Of Emotion Regulation, Maladaptive Coping, And Criminal Thinking On Maladaptive Behavior, Alondra Avila Aug 2021

The Influence Of Emotion Regulation, Maladaptive Coping, And Criminal Thinking On Maladaptive Behavior, Alondra Avila

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Emotion regulation is a cognitive process that occurs due to emotional stimuli in the environment that promotes cognitive or behavioral action to soothe negative emotions. Emotion regulation can affect decision making that promotes maladaptive behavior, similar to criminal thinking. Criminal thinking patterns can be categorized as a form of maladaptive cognitive coping that promotes maladaptive behavior. The association between emotion regulation, criminal thinking, and maladaptive behavior is further explored. A total of (N = 227) MTurk workers participated in a cross-sectional study. Maladaptive emotion regulation and coping predicted willingness to engage in maladaptive behavior. Deficits in emotion regulation were further …

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A Study On The Beliefs Of Juvenile Justice Practitioners On Youth Behavior And Treatment, Chase S. Christenson Aug 2021

A Study On The Beliefs Of Juvenile Justice Practitioners On Youth Behavior And Treatment, Chase S. Christenson

Masters Theses

The following study was conducted to determine the beliefs juvenile justice practitioners (police officers, juvenile probation officers, and youth specialists) have about youth behavior through the lens of Wolfe’s (1998) Entitlement Theory. The four beliefs explored between juvenile justice practitioners are: (1) beliefs about why youth act out, (2) what changes youth behavior, (3) an expectation of youth obedience to authority, and (4) attachment relationships influencing youth behavior. The researcher used a 43-item survey measured with a 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions that were administered to West Michigan’s juvenile justice practitioners through Qualtrics. Responses were analyzed using an ANOVA …

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Green Criminology And Environmental Justice: An Exploratory Analysis Of Oil Spills In North America., Edidiong Mendie Aug 2021

Green Criminology And Environmental Justice: An Exploratory Analysis Of Oil Spills In North America., Edidiong Mendie

Dissertations (2016-Present)

The underlying principle of green criminology is understanding environmental harms from a criminological lens, a variation from mainstream criminology's focus on street crimes. Environmental harms and contamination, such as oil spills, remain a growing concern for nations especially disadvantaged communities (low-income and communities of color). This dissertation analyzed the environmental pollution of 3 oil spills in North America to ascertain their impact on disadvantaged communities. This was achieved through secondary research inquiry using a case study analysis. This dissertation also highlighted the impact of forensic science and environmental forensics in oil spill cases. Using an independent sample t-test, this dissertation …

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"All I Needed Was Somebody To Talk To Me": Using Improvement Science To End Exclusionary Discipline Practices With Black Girls, Aubrey Moreland Aug 2021

"All I Needed Was Somebody To Talk To Me": Using Improvement Science To End Exclusionary Discipline Practices With Black Girls, Aubrey Moreland

All Dissertations

Black girls receive exclusionary punishment in schools at disproportionate rates in comparison to their White counterpart, often as a result of subjective behaviors such as disrespect, defiance, and disruption. Black girls are subjected to educator stereotypes about their behavior, and become disengaged academically, socially, and emotionally from schools. This dissertation in practice used phenomenological qualitative methodology to examine the problem of practice in a rural school district in South Carolina and provide recommendations based in improvement science. Data collection and analysis was founded in Critical Race Feminism, and included interviews with Black girls and teachers. Results revealed that Black girls …

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Returning Veterans’ Experiences Of A Holistic Therapeutic Program, Elda C. Veloso Ph.D, Angela Yehl, James Pann, Jacob Connolly, Stephen Grabner, Lyndsey Zoller, Nicole Staley, Renata F. S. Goldhagen Aug 2021

Returning Veterans’ Experiences Of A Holistic Therapeutic Program, Elda C. Veloso Ph.D, Angela Yehl, James Pann, Jacob Connolly, Stephen Grabner, Lyndsey Zoller, Nicole Staley, Renata F. S. Goldhagen

The Qualitative Report

Since 2001, over 2.7 million U.S. military service members have been deployed (Wenger et al., 2018). Many of these soldiers have encountered serious challenges readjusting upon their return home and many may not access the services needed to achieve successful reintegration. Current literature calls for holistic approaches to service provision, involving collaboration of support services to address the underutilization of services. To better understand the gap in treatment utilization, a qualitative approach was used to examine returning veterans’ experiences of an intensive and holistic service delivery program implemented in coordination with local veterans’ organizations. Within the study, a generic qualitative …

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State: The Magazine Of Illinois State University, August 2021, Illinois State University, University Marketing And Communications Aug 2021

State: The Magazine Of Illinois State University, August 2021, Illinois State University, University Marketing And Communications

State: The Magazine of Illinois State University (1999-present)

Illinois State University alumni magazine

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Clinicians' Experiences And Attitudes Treating Cannabis Use Disorders In Colorado: A Qualitative Inquiry Since The Legalization Of Marijuana In Colorado, Michael Walter Leiker Aug 2021

Clinicians' Experiences And Attitudes Treating Cannabis Use Disorders In Colorado: A Qualitative Inquiry Since The Legalization Of Marijuana In Colorado, Michael Walter Leiker

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study has been to discover, describe, and understand the attitudes of Licensed Addictions Counselor’s (LACs) in treating cannabis use disorders by accessing their lived clinical experiences, and discover what regulatory, personal, environmental, social, scientific, legal, or other clinical experiences influence the decision making of LACs who treat cannabis use disorders in Colorado. This study sought to discover the attitudes, interactions, feelings, and other unique factors that form the underlying assumptions, through reciprocal determinism, that inform clinical decision-making choices independently. These dynamics have been ignored in the literature and this study seeks to pursue it with …

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Transformational Learning In A Washington State Veterans Therapeutic Court: A Holistic, Multiple-Case Design Study, Thomas Lee Williams Aug 2021

Transformational Learning In A Washington State Veterans Therapeutic Court: A Holistic, Multiple-Case Design Study, Thomas Lee Williams

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this holistic, multiple-case design case study was to describe the transformative learning journey of justice-involved veterans assigned to one of Washington State’s veterans treatment courts (VTC). Veterans treatment courts are designed to help justice-involved veterans break their criminogenic cycle, but the VTC’s efficacy is still debated. Yet, when applied to other modalities, transformative learning has proven effective in changing counter-societal behavior. The guiding theory for this study is Mezirow’s theory of transformative learning, one of the premiere adult learning theories, and will be used as the rubric to evaluate if veteran transformative learning indeed occurs. The central …

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They Should Know Better: Recognizing Sexual Grooming And Culpability Placement In Adolescents Versus Children, Taylor C. Smith Aug 2021

They Should Know Better: Recognizing Sexual Grooming And Culpability Placement In Adolescents Versus Children, Taylor C. Smith

Student Theses

Sexual grooming is a process used by individuals in order to facilitate sexual abuse with a minor while simultaneously avoiding detection. As many sexual grooming behaviors are used before the perpetration of abuse, the identification of grooming behaviors is integral to child sexual abuse prevention. To date, few studies have researched the identification of sexual grooming behaviors utilized by child molesters and even fewer have examined the identification of those same behaviors utilized on adolescents. This study examined whether the age of the victim (child versus adolescent) affected how well someone can identify sexual grooming behaviors. Five hundred and forty-eight …

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The Boston Black United Front And Community-Centered Alternatives To The Carceral State, Joseph W. Sikowitz Aug 2021

The Boston Black United Front And Community-Centered Alternatives To The Carceral State, Joseph W. Sikowitz

Graduate Masters Theses

This thesis is a history of the Boston Black United Front’s (BBUF) activities combatting the growing carceral state in Massachusetts in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The BBUF was an “umbrella” organization within Boston’s Black community during the Black Power era and was particularly active on issues of police shootings, court appointments, prison reform, and street crime. This thesis examines these aspects of the carceral state, the network of criminal justice institutions that arose following World War II in Boston, and shows that the BBUF were responding to the early stages of this trend. Committees, rallies, and ideology were …

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Exploring The Interpretation And Application Of Procedural Rules: The Problem Of Implicit And Institutional Racial Bias, Edward A. Purcell Jr. Aug 2021

Exploring The Interpretation And Application Of Procedural Rules: The Problem Of Implicit And Institutional Racial Bias, Edward A. Purcell Jr.

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

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Changing Criminal Thinking: An Examination Of Heterogeneity In Treatment Effects In A Sample Of Justice-Involved Persons With Dual Diagnoses, Michael Lester Aug 2021

Changing Criminal Thinking: An Examination Of Heterogeneity In Treatment Effects In A Sample Of Justice-Involved Persons With Dual Diagnoses, Michael Lester

Dissertations

Recent studies have indicated variability in cognitive change for justice-involved persons with mental illness exposed to treatments for criminal thinking and psychiatric risk factors. Research suggests that proactive styles of criminal thinking may be more difficult to change than impulsive or reactive styles. To date, however, no studies have identified risk factors for a limited response or modeled observed disparities in responsivity to interventions aimed at reducing criminal thinking. Using an archival dataset comprising 206 probationers with a dual diagnosis who were exposed to active CBT-based treatment, a latent profile analysis modeled unobserved heterogeneity in treatment response per observed changes …

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A Portrait Of Latino Children: The Gap With Non-Latinos In Massachusetts, Phillip Granberry, Alejandro Alvarez, Vishakha Agarwal, Fabián Torres-Ardila, Gaston Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston Aug 2021

A Portrait Of Latino Children: The Gap With Non-Latinos In Massachusetts, Phillip Granberry, Alejandro Alvarez, Vishakha Agarwal, Fabián Torres-Ardila, Gaston Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Gastón Institute Publications

Latino children are one of Massachusetts' fastest-growing segments of the population. However, evidence suggests that the social and economic context in which Latino children live does not adequately support their development and overall wellbeing. Nearly a third of Latino children in the United States live in very low-opportunity neighborhoods as defined by a scale of educational, health, environmental, and socioeconomic outcomes. Compared to non-Latino children, Latinos are more likely to grow up in households below the federal poverty threshold and less likely to have a mother with at least a Bachelor's degree. The research included in this report aims to …

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“I Try Not To Eat No Food ’Cause I Don’T Really Have That Much”: Investigating Food System Policies And Institutions That Could Best Address Food Insecurity In Pickens County, Sc, Cassius Hossfeld Aug 2021

“I Try Not To Eat No Food ’Cause I Don’T Really Have That Much”: Investigating Food System Policies And Institutions That Could Best Address Food Insecurity In Pickens County, Sc, Cassius Hossfeld

All Theses

Food insecurity refers to the inability to access enough food, and enough quality food, to live an active and healthy life (USDA 2019a). In 2019, the U.S. food insecurity rate was approximately 10.5% (USDA 2019a). However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic these national rates increased to at least a peak of 13.9% in 2020 (Feeding America 2021). There are national, state, and local policies, programs, and food systems that aim to address food insecurity (each having varying degrees of success). The context of this thesis focuses specifically on Pickens County, SC. A relatively large county in the Upstate and Appalachia …

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Examining The Types Of Capital Benefits Afforded To Low-Income Individuals By Adult Financial Literacy Programs, Dustin Tyler Love Aug 2021

Examining The Types Of Capital Benefits Afforded To Low-Income Individuals By Adult Financial Literacy Programs, Dustin Tyler Love

All Theses

This paper explores the capital benefits derived from financial literacy programs and used as a means of poverty alleviation. Specifically, this paper focuses on cultural, social, and human capital. Examining financial literacy through the lens of capital allows one to explore how financial literacy is achieved through capital development. Unfortunately, access to this capital is limited and controlled by our social institutions. In conducting nine semi-structured interviews with coaches and participants of two separate financial literacy programs, findings show that participants do derive all three forms of capital. However, social capital and the fictive kinship relationships that were developed as …

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Child-Rearing By Imprisoned Women: Sadness, Anxiety, And Feelings Of Guilt, Umi Hani, Agus Setiawan, Poppy Fitriyani Jul 2021

Child-Rearing By Imprisoned Women: Sadness, Anxiety, And Feelings Of Guilt, Umi Hani, Agus Setiawan, Poppy Fitriyani

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

The number of imprisoned women continues to increase. Imprisonment of women affects them as perpetrators of crime and those who have relationships with and ties to them, such as children. This phenomenological study aims to explore the experience of imprisoned women in Jakarta in playing the role of mother. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore the experiences of seven imprisoned women. Through a thematic content analysis, we identified specific key- words, the results revealing the sadness, anxiety, and feelings of guilt experienced by imprisoned mothers in relation to their child-rearing. Imprisoned mothers also experience difficulties in meeting their children's needs, …

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Policing The Digital Realms: Reflection On Community Policing Discourses In The Digital Realms, Kukuh S. Kurniawan Jul 2021

Policing The Digital Realms: Reflection On Community Policing Discourses In The Digital Realms, Kukuh S. Kurniawan

International Review of Humanities Studies

This paper tends to reconceptualize community policing as the embodiment of community oriented policing related to the shifting definition of community. In response to these dynamics, the issue of the relationship between the digital realm and community policing that has been implemented is important to study. The study is expected to reflect thoughts on the issue of crime in the digital realm, concepts and models of community policing, as well as ways to increase the potential of contextual Community Policing. How to increase the potential for community policing so that it can be used in dealing with problems in the …

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Perception Correction: Addressing Social Stigmatization Around Bdsm And Mental Health, Erin Afana Jul 2021

Perception Correction: Addressing Social Stigmatization Around Bdsm And Mental Health, Erin Afana

Master's Theses

Mainstream society’s characterization of activities and subgroups as abnormal can result in a long history of being shamed and pathologized, leading to discrimination and stigmatization. BDSM (bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, and sadomasochism) is an alternative lifestyle with a variety of identities, characteristics and practices that are viewed by many as being outside of societal norms. The consequences of this can be seen in how society, in general, views BDSM participants, how the criminal justice system responds to issues involving BDSM, and how the mental health system perceives those who participate in BDSM activities. The purpose of this thesis …

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No Justice...No Peace Without Reform!, Leon Frazier Jul 2021

No Justice...No Peace Without Reform!, Leon Frazier

Miscellaneous Advocacy

Booklet on criminal legal reform by retired police chief Leon Frazier.

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