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Articles 4321 - 4350 of 4434
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Strategically Broken System: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Clinical Implications Of Immigration Law, Policy, And Practice, Kelle Agassiz
The Strategically Broken System: A Grounded Theory Study Of The Clinical Implications Of Immigration Law, Policy, And Practice, Kelle Agassiz
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
The majority of clinicians do not receive education pertaining to the legal aspects of immigration in their curriculum, training, or continuing education. In addition, the process of navigating the immigration system has been exacerbated in recent years due to rapid policy changes under the Trump administration, which has contributed to a hostile political climate, particularly for immigrants from Central America and Mexico. Using a classic grounded theory research approach, this study explored the relationship between the psychological implications of immigration and the legal challenges that immigrants face today, with a specific focus on immigration from Central America and Mexico. Through …
Novice Teachers' Sensemaking In An Era Of Accountability: Implications For School Leaders, Hays K. Moulton
Novice Teachers' Sensemaking In An Era Of Accountability: Implications For School Leaders, Hays K. Moulton
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
The purpose of this research study was to examine how novice teachers make sense of the realities of their chosen profession, given their initial motivations for entering the profession. My research into teacher motivation and retention provided evidence that teachers did enter the field for altruistic reasons and that as many as 50% of all new teachers in urban schools did not last beyond five years. When they begin teaching, they find a field that is heavily impacted by strict accountability standards and required mandated testing. I used Sensemaking Theory and Self-Determination Theory to examine how beginning teachers make sense …
Parents Of Non-Binary Children: Stories Of Understanding And Support, Brooks Bull
Parents Of Non-Binary Children: Stories Of Understanding And Support, Brooks Bull
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
Parents of non-binary children undergo profound changes as they learn to first understand and then support their child. In order to provide family therapists with a foundation from which to work with these families, a thorough review of the literature is provided as well as a narrative research study. Chapter one provides an introduction to the topic of non-binary gender and transgender identities, defines the terms non-binary, transgender, and transsexual, and clarifies the conceptual frameworks at use in the dissertation: social constructionism and transfeminism. Chapter two is a review of peer-reviewed literature on therapy with children and adolescents who identify …
Pediatric Bullying And Victimization: Quality Improvement Project In A Primary Care Setting, Melanie Sklar
Pediatric Bullying And Victimization: Quality Improvement Project In A Primary Care Setting, Melanie Sklar
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
Bullying is a form of aggression characterized by repeated psychological or physical oppression, which negatively impacts children. More recently, the phenomenon of cyberbullying, or electronic bullying, has become prevalent. Despite efforts by schools to address forms of bullying, young people continue to be victimized. Primary care settings are well placed to address these issues with patients and their families to improve care and outcomes. Screenings and mental health referrals by physicians have been shown to reduce future involvement in bullying and increase access to treatment. When thinking about healthcare improvements in primary care settings, screening has been shown to be …
The Relational Interpretation Of Dreams: A Book Proposal, Alicia Macdougall
The Relational Interpretation Of Dreams: A Book Proposal, Alicia Macdougall
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
Dream interpretation has been a widely recognized component of psychological practice since the publication of Sigmund Freud’s (1900/2010) The Interpretation of Dreams. By providing initial conceptualizations of the dream’s function, Freud created the foundation for the numerous iterations of dream work to follow. What these modalities of dream work all have in common is the utilization of dream interpretation to uncover information, or the engagement in research and empirical practice to search for answers regarding the how and why of dreaming phenomenon. Dreams, however, have yet to be considered within the context of relationship. This dissertation, in the format of …
Motivational Interviewing: A Tool For Servant-Leadership, Jemima Neddy Organ
Motivational Interviewing: A Tool For Servant-Leadership, Jemima Neddy Organ
International Journal of Servant-Leadership
In this essay I hope to interest the servant-leadership (SL) community in the well-developed communication style known as motivational interviewing (MI) (Miller, 1983; Miller & Rollnick, 2013), which bears similarities to a SL style of guiding and leading namely: listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to growth, and building community. Furthermore, there is extensive scientific literature bearing on the nature and efficacy of MI in facilitating human growth and change, which could describe SL in practical terms that can be taught, measured, and studied.
Defining Dental Operative Skills Curricula: An Adee Consensus Paper, James Field, Jonathan Dixon, Ashley Towers, Rachel Green, Hathal Albagami, Guy Lambourn, Julie Mallinson, Wietske Fokkinga, Jorge Tricio-Pesce, Tin Crnić, Sibylle Vital
Defining Dental Operative Skills Curricula: An Adee Consensus Paper, James Field, Jonathan Dixon, Ashley Towers, Rachel Green, Hathal Albagami, Guy Lambourn, Julie Mallinson, Wietske Fokkinga, Jorge Tricio-Pesce, Tin Crnić, Sibylle Vital
Peninsula Dental School
This paper reports on the recent activity of the pan-European consensus of the ADEE Special Interest Group for Pre-Clinical Operative Skills. Following the previous recommendations from the group, and in order to support teachers and to harmonise the delivery of skills training across Europe, a more formal curriculum relating to pre-clinical operative skills needs to be created. This paper reports European consensus surrounding the categorisation (level of importance, and difficulty) of basic operative dental clinical skills within the undergraduate curriculum and provides recommendations relating to session structure and timing of curricular elements for basic operative dental clinical skills teaching.
Feeding Difficulties In Children: A Guide For Allied Health Professionals An Evaluation Report, Carmel M. Blayden, Kate Holland, Sonia Hughes, Jennifer Nicol
Feeding Difficulties In Children: A Guide For Allied Health Professionals An Evaluation Report, Carmel M. Blayden, Kate Holland, Sonia Hughes, Jennifer Nicol
Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice
Purpose: An evaluation of Feeding Difficulties in Children: A Guide for Allied Health Professionals (2016) was undertaken to determine how the publication has been utilised amongst allied health professionals across NSW. This evaluation aimed to identify the usefulness of the Guide in supporting the assessment and management of children with feeding difficulties. Results will inform future education and support strategies. Method: The evaluation targeted allied health professionals employed by NSW Health. An online questionnaire formed the primary method of data collection. Four semi-structured focus groups also occurred to provide complementary qualitative information. Results: Clinicians from a range of professions and …
Online Accelerated Learning Experiences And Self-Regulated Learning Skills Amoung Undergraduate Students, Cherng-Jyh Yen, Emrah Emre Ozkeskin, Moussa Tankari, Chih-Hsiung Tu, Hoda Harati, Laura E. Sujo-Montes
Online Accelerated Learning Experiences And Self-Regulated Learning Skills Amoung Undergraduate Students, Cherng-Jyh Yen, Emrah Emre Ozkeskin, Moussa Tankari, Chih-Hsiung Tu, Hoda Harati, Laura E. Sujo-Montes
Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications
Many institutions have adopted an online accelerated learning model in which intensive online instructions are offered during the course of a normal semester to help students complete classes. Current research has focused on comparing different instructional lengths. Mixed findings have been reported. Accelerated instructions are not necessarily superior or inferior to traditional 16-week instructions. Research should focus on what is crucial and how to prepare students to succeed in accelerated online courses. This study examines whether self-regulated learning (SRL) skills may serve as predictors of positive accelerated learning experiences. It concludes that five SRL skills can predict success in online …
A Pilot Study Of Meditation As A Stress Reliever For Dental Hygiene Students During Times Of Heightened Stress, Sarah Henderson
A Pilot Study Of Meditation As A Stress Reliever For Dental Hygiene Students During Times Of Heightened Stress, Sarah Henderson
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Purpose: Dental hygiene students face an exorbitant amount of stress during their educational pursuits. This has only been compounded by the added stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. Students may benefit from the practice of meditation in managing their stress levels during these trying times. This study analyzes the effectiveness of meditation as a stress reliever for dental hygiene students as they navigate their education during the pandemic and the effects it may have on perception of stress, academic achievement, and physical health.
Methods: Students participated in a four-week meditation study, consisting of a 30-minute guided meditation completed once weekly. Prior …
Co-Occurrence Of Depressive Symptoms And Alcohol Use: Impact Of Sociodemographic Factors, Marie C. Tate
Co-Occurrence Of Depressive Symptoms And Alcohol Use: Impact Of Sociodemographic Factors, Marie C. Tate
Open Access Dissertations
Since depression disorders have been found to be the leading cause of disability (Friedrich, 2017), affecting 17.3 million adults in the United States alone (National Institute of Mental Health, 2017). Various scales have been developed to measure depression. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health uses the Major Depression Episode module to measure lifetime depression symptoms, this is the scale the current work aims to validate. The selected model had adequate fit. It was also found to be invariant at the strictest level across gender, race, income, and education level. The validated scale was then used to study the …
Mismatch And Burnout: An Exploration Of Burnout And Work Passion Amongst Academic Affairs Professionals Through An Organizational Lens, Alexa Elizabeth Cecil
Mismatch And Burnout: An Exploration Of Burnout And Work Passion Amongst Academic Affairs Professionals Through An Organizational Lens, Alexa Elizabeth Cecil
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Though the concept of burnout is well developed, there is less research on burnout in higher education, especially on specific staff populations, and loss of work passion. The current study aimed to understand burnout and work passion for academic affairs professionals who work with undergraduate students on academic probation and students conditionally admitted to the institution, including impacts, how these experiences have been navigated, and organizational supports that help alleviate these outcomes. Utilizing a sequential mixed methods research design, the study collected survey responses from identified professionals working with these student populations at a specific institution type. Demographic and t-test …
Treating Children Exposed To Domestic Violence: Group-Based Intervention, Gary M. Burlingame, Rachel A. Arnold
Treating Children Exposed To Domestic Violence: Group-Based Intervention, Gary M. Burlingame, Rachel A. Arnold
Faculty Publications
D omestic violence is a serious societal problem that sadly threatens many children. Results from the National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) demonstrate that nearly 26% of children are exposed to family violence during their lifetime, including psychological/emotional intimate partner violence, physical intimate partner violence, parental assault of a sibling, and/or other family violence (Hamby et al., 2011). The consequences can be significant. For instance, childhood exposure to intimate partner violence is associated with mental health issues, such as posttraumatic stress and anxiety symptoms (Hamby et al., 2011). While rates of domestic violence have been declining in the …
Examining Relationships Among Person Factors, Psychosocial Factors, And Coping Patterns In People Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In North Central Appalachia, Melissa A. Mccoy
Examining Relationships Among Person Factors, Psychosocial Factors, And Coping Patterns In People Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In North Central Appalachia, Melissa A. Mccoy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Diabetes is a complex, debilitating illness that imposes disease burden on the individual and society. T2DM is more prevalent in the Appalachian region than in any other Region of the United States. If diabetes is poorly controlled, patients are at risk for negative health outcomes. A gap exists in the literature related to understanding of the relationships among person factors, psychosocial factors, and coping patterns. Another gap in the literature is sex differences among these variables.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examining relationships among person factors, psychosocial factors, and coping patterns in people living with T2DM …
Correctional Officer Opinions About Offenders With Mental Illness: The Relationships Among Opinions, Burnout, Emotional Intelligence, And Mental Health Training, Courtney Hull
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Rates of mental illness among incarcerated individuals in the United States are high and have been well documented. Correctional officers are on the front line of identifying symptoms and alerting mental health professionals to problems as they arise. Correctional officers often lack an understating of mental illness, feel ill-equipped to manage mental health crises, and experience high levels of job-related stress. The objective of this study was to better understand the relationship between correctional officers’ emotional intelligence and opinions about mental illness, and to identify if burnout moderated the relationship between the variables. Additionally, the study sought to understand the …
Putting Policy In Its Place: Policy Enactment And Engagement Through A Multiscalar Policy-Shed Framework, Barbara L. Maclennan
Putting Policy In Its Place: Policy Enactment And Engagement Through A Multiscalar Policy-Shed Framework, Barbara L. Maclennan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of this research is to examine the spatial components integral to policy formation, implementation, and evaluation. The research uses solid waste as a case study to explore a multiscalar GIS policy-shed framework. To this end, the goal of this dissertation is to examine the spatial nature of public policy. The research applies spatial concepts and multiscalar methodological applications embedded within GIS and geovisualization to explore the complex spaces surrounding public policy implementation and evaluation.
Meeting The Mental Health Needs Of Student-Athletes: A Descriptive Study Of Practitioners And Their Perspectives, William C. Way Iii
Meeting The Mental Health Needs Of Student-Athletes: A Descriptive Study Of Practitioners And Their Perspectives, William C. Way Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Efforts are being made to promote mental health awareness and destigmatize help-seeking behavior among student-athletes (e.g., Kern et al., 2017). The availability and visibility of practitioners with specialized training in sport psychology can facilitate these efforts (e.g., Flowers, 2007; Carr, 2007; McDuff et al., 2005). However, some student-athletes have observed that the clinical sport psychology (CSP) practitioners who are available to them are being stretched thin (Way et al., 2020). In the context of collegiate mental health more broadly, many campus counseling centers are struggling to meet the demand for clinical services (e.g., Kafka, 2019). Research on the experiences and …
Service-Learning To Develop Responsiveness Among Preservice Teachers, Elizabeth S. White
Service-Learning To Develop Responsiveness Among Preservice Teachers, Elizabeth S. White
International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning
The purpose of this study was to examine the benefits, challenges, and limitations of a service-learning project designed to promote responsiveness among PK-12 preservice teachers (N=41). The service-learning included working with children (5- to 12-year-olds) at before- and after-school programs, interviewing site staff, and developing lesson plans for the children at each site. Data sources for this study included students’ reflections and group lesson plans. Qualitative analysis showed that what constituted benefits for some students, such as connecting with children and learning classroom management, were reported as challenges for others. Additionally, students’ ideas about responsiveness in education were focused on …
Racial And Ethnic Representation In Music Therapy Education, Eden M. Medina
Racial And Ethnic Representation In Music Therapy Education, Eden M. Medina
Theses & Dissertations
Little to no research has been done on music therapy and racial, ethnic, and musical representation. The present study investigated the perceptions racially and ethnically diverse music therapy students/new professionals have of cultural and musical representation in music therapy education, and whether opportunities, exist for ethnically/culturally diverse students to include their music when it is not directly implemented in the music therapy curricula. Thirteen participants were surveyed and results showed that there are gaps in music therapy education when it comes to racial, ethnic, and musical representation outside of Western traditions. Findings indicate that there is a need for further …
Sacred Heart University Public Health Program Self-Study, Public Health, College Of Health Professions
Sacred Heart University Public Health Program Self-Study, Public Health, College Of Health Professions
News, Magazines and Reports
From the Introduction:
The public health program began in the fall, 2018. The public health program has only one degree offered, a master’s of public health (MPH) degree with a concentration in community health. The program was developed in response to an observed need. Specifically, Sacred Heart undergraduate students in both the Health Science and Exercise Science undergraduate programs were asking for an MPH program that they could matriculate into after graduating from their undergraduate studies. The current MPH program director, Dr. Anna Greer, was already working at SHU as a behavioral scientist within SHU’s Exercise Science program. Dr. Greer …
“High Schoolers’ And Middle Schoolers’ Connections In Their Schools: Relation To Tardiness, Absences, Disciplinary Referrals, And Failed Courses”, Erin D. Churchill, Margaret R. Rogers, Kimberly A. Pristawa
“High Schoolers’ And Middle Schoolers’ Connections In Their Schools: Relation To Tardiness, Absences, Disciplinary Referrals, And Failed Courses”, Erin D. Churchill, Margaret R. Rogers, Kimberly A. Pristawa
National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Journal
The Connections Project (Pristawa,2014) is designed to assist school personnel in identifying students at-risk for social-emotional concerns by examining students’ perceptions of connectedness with adults and peers in school. Currently used in several states, schools complete the screening measure as part of their use of the Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS) framework. While many measures of connectedness are lengthy and designed for elementary grade children, the Connections measure is an efficient, straightforward assessment employed with middle school and high school aged youth and school personnel. The purpose of the current study was to examine student connectedness with adults (including advisory …
Improving Housing Services For Youth Survivors Of Sexual Exploitation: An Exploratory Study, Danielle B. Groton, Tomi Gomory
Improving Housing Services For Youth Survivors Of Sexual Exploitation: An Exploratory Study, Danielle B. Groton, Tomi Gomory
National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Journal
Children who have been commercially sexually exploited are a vulnerable population, often in need of housing services. However, little is known about housing services for this population. To address this gap, the current study aims to further the understanding and knowledge about housing services for children who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) in the U.S. Through a structured online search and review of the research literature, we identified 56 programs thought to be serving children who have experienced CSE in the United States. Agencies were asked to complete a brief semi-structured survey on their services for youth who have …
An Engaged Approach To Exploring Issues Around Poverty And Mental Health: A Reflective Evaluation Of The Research Process From Researchers And Community Partners Involved In The Destress Study, Felicity Thomas, Lorraine Hansford, Katrina Wyatt, Richard Byng, Karen Coombes, Jenna Finch, Kirsty Finnerty, Joe Ford, K Guppy, R Guppy, Susanne Hughes, Rose Mccabe, Hilary Richardson, Debbie Roche, Hazel Stuteley
An Engaged Approach To Exploring Issues Around Poverty And Mental Health: A Reflective Evaluation Of The Research Process From Researchers And Community Partners Involved In The Destress Study, Felicity Thomas, Lorraine Hansford, Katrina Wyatt, Richard Byng, Karen Coombes, Jenna Finch, Kirsty Finnerty, Joe Ford, K Guppy, R Guppy, Susanne Hughes, Rose Mccabe, Hilary Richardson, Debbie Roche, Hazel Stuteley
Peninsula Medical School
No abstract provided.
Use Of Research Tradition And Design In Program Evaluation: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study Of Practitioners’ Methodological Choices, Margaret Schultz Patel
Use Of Research Tradition And Design In Program Evaluation: An Explanatory Mixed Methods Study Of Practitioners’ Methodological Choices, Margaret Schultz Patel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this explanatory sequential mixed method study was to assess whether there were observable trends, associations, or group differences in evaluation methodology by settings and content area in published evaluations from the past ten years (quantitative), to illuminate how evaluation practitioners selected these methodologies (qualitative), and assess how emergent findings from each phase fit together or helped contextualize each other. In this study, methodology was operationalized as research tradition and method was operationalized as research design. For phase one (quantitative), a systematized ten-year review of five peer-reviewed evaluation journals was conducted and coded by journal, research tradition, research …
An Engaged Community-Academic Partnership To Promote Positive Youth Development, Kristin Haglund, Angela Ortiz, Johanna De Los Santos, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Ruth Ann Belknap
An Engaged Community-Academic Partnership To Promote Positive Youth Development, Kristin Haglund, Angela Ortiz, Johanna De Los Santos, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Ruth Ann Belknap
College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications
In this paper, we discuss how we cultivated a sustainable community-academic partnership and describe how our community-based participatory research project, Bembé Drum and Dance, contributed to youth development. Bembé Drum and Dance is an Afro-Latino performing arts program based on the positive youth development theory. Thirteen children ages 9–13 participated in the ensemble. We used a multimethod descriptive design. Data were gathered using surveys, participant observation, and interviews. Increases in the Five Cs (competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring) were noted among youth, most notably in competence and confidence. Recognizing that the project belonged to the community and supporting this …
The People Of The Peoples Temple, Collin Smith
The People Of The Peoples Temple, Collin Smith
Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects
In 1957, Hyacinth Thrash, a fifty-five-year-old black woman living in Indiana, thought she had found her church. She joined a religious organization in Indianapolis that seemed to be free from racism, with a mission to help the poor and the needy. The church, called the Peoples Temple, was led by a charismatic white man, Jim Jones. From 1956 to 1978, Reverend Jim Jones led the Peoples Temple congregation in Indianapolis, Indiana (1956-1965), then in Ukiah and San Francisco, California (1965-1977), and finally in Jonestown, Guyana (1977-1978). Thrash described the first time her sister, Zipporah, saw the Peoples Temple on television: …
Non-Consensual Condom Removal In Canadian Law Before And After R. V. Hutchinson, Isabel Grant, Lise Gotell
Non-Consensual Condom Removal In Canadian Law Before And After R. V. Hutchinson, Isabel Grant, Lise Gotell
All Faculty Publications
This paper examines the phenomenon of nonconsensual condom removal (NCCR) and its relationship to sexual assault in Canada. Using empirical studies and the insights of feminist theory, we explore the nature of the harms caused by NCCR and contend that this pervasive practice constitutes sexual assault. We then critique the decision of R v Hutchinson, which held that condom sabotage does not negate subjective consent, ignoring the dignitary harms of NCCR. While lower court decisions before Hutchinson recognized that consent to sex with a condom does not include consent to sex without, courts after Hutchinson have struggled to distinguish the …
Engaging Feminism, Transforming Institutions: How Community Engagement Professionals Employ Critical Feminist Praxis To Re-Imagine And Re-Shape The Public Purpose Of Higher Education, Patricia Star Plaxton-Moore
Engaging Feminism, Transforming Institutions: How Community Engagement Professionals Employ Critical Feminist Praxis To Re-Imagine And Re-Shape The Public Purpose Of Higher Education, Patricia Star Plaxton-Moore
Doctoral Dissertations
Most higher education institutions have mission statements articulating a commitment to serve the public good, and venerate the broader historical project of higher education as a force that improves the lives of individuals and communities. However, the public purpose of higher education is perpetually embattled by intersecting forces of neoliberalism, positivism, and settler colonialism that emphasize priorities like generating revenue, chasing prestige, developing real estate, and connecting students with high paying careers. As our society continues to grapple with pervasive social and environmental injustices, it is imperative that we clarify and strengthen higher education’s civic role in shaping a more …
Gender In Emergency Services: Foundations For Greater Equity In Professional Codes Of Ethics, Sebawit Bishu, Sean Mccandless, Nicole M. Elias
Gender In Emergency Services: Foundations For Greater Equity In Professional Codes Of Ethics, Sebawit Bishu, Sean Mccandless, Nicole M. Elias
Publications and Research
The lack of gender equity in the public sector is a critical issue, especially for emergency services. We explore the gendered nature of firefighting and policing at both professional and organizational levels. We assess gender equity by asking the following questions: (1) How have understandings of gender in emergency services evolved over time? (2) What are the normative implications of emergency services' lack of gender equity? We draw from feminist literature to critique the lack of progress and examine firefighting and policing histories along with the professional ethics codes of the U.S. Fire Administration and the International Association of Chiefs …
The Association Between Polygyny Statuses Of Currently Married And In-Union Women And Attitude Towards Intimate Partner Violence Against Women In Ghana, Dorcas Adewale, Nutifaga Eugene Yaw Dey, Kenneth Owusu Ansah, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi
The Association Between Polygyny Statuses Of Currently Married And In-Union Women And Attitude Towards Intimate Partner Violence Against Women In Ghana, Dorcas Adewale, Nutifaga Eugene Yaw Dey, Kenneth Owusu Ansah, Henry Ofori Duah, Pascal Agbadi
College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications
Polygyny is a common family structure in sub-Saharan African countries. Previous studies have documented that women in this family structure have favourable attitudes towards intimate partner violence (IPV). Nevertheless, there is limited recent research concerning this association in Ghana. This study sought to investigate the association between polygynous statuses and endorsement of IPV among Ghanaian reproductive-aged married and in-union women while controlling for covariates. The study used the nationally representative data from the 2017/2018 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. The sample comprised 7800 married/in-union women aged 15–49. Data analyses included tests of association and multivariable modelling using binary logistic …