Digital Commons Network^™

The Pharmacokinetic Of Silver Diamine Fluoride In Healthy Children With Dental Caries, Lim Siau Peng

Student Works (2020-2029)

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a medication used topically on carious tooth surfaces to arrest caries progression in both child and adult populations. This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic of SDF in 15 children who received SDF treatment. Urine samples were collected at baseline, and at first and second 24 hours after SDF treatment to determine silver and fluoride levels. Hair samples were collected at baseline, and at days 7, 14, 30, 60, 75, and 90 after SDF to assess silver levels. The median and interquartile range of urinary fluoride at baseline, first and second 24 hours after SDF …

Bioresorbable Composite Polymeric Materials For Tissue Engineering Applications, Sakineh Hajebi, Saeed Mohammadi Nasr, Navid Rabiee, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Sepideh Ahmadi, Mohammad Rabiee, Mohammadreza Tahriri, Lobat Tayebi, Michael R. Hamblin

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This review covers the development of bioresorbable polymeric composites for applications in tissue engineering. Various commercially available bioresorbable polymers are described, with emphasis on recent bioresorbable composites based on natural and synthetic polymers. Bioresorbable polymers contain hydrolyzable bonds, which are subjected to chemical degradation via either reactive hydrolysis or enzyme-catalyzed active hydrolysis. For synthetic polymers, chemical hydrolysis is the most important mode of degradation. The degradation rate can be controlled by varying the molecular weight and crystallinity. Examples of bioresorbable polymers are: polyurethane, poly(D,L)lactide, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid, poly(α-hydroxy acids), cross-linked polyester hydrogels, poly(orthoesters), polyanhydrides and polyethylene glycol.

A 3d Nanostructured Calcium-Aluminum-Silicate Scaffold With Hierarchical Meso-Macroporosity For Bone Tissue Regeneration: Fabrication, Sintering Behavior, Surface Modification And In Vitro Studies, Ashkan Bigham, Amir Hamed Aghajanian, Mehdi Movahedi, Mansoureh Sattary, Mohammad Rafienia, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This is a comprehensive study reporting the fabrication of highly porous Gehlenite scaffold (Ca₂Al₂SiO₇)—both with and without surface modification—for the first time. The sintering temperature of Gehlenite scaffolds was optimized. Next, the optimized Gehlenite scaffold was coated by polycaprolactone (PCL)-Forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) nanocomposite to improve the scaffold’s brittleness and biological properties. 1375 °C was found to be the optimized sintering temperature by which the Gehlenite scaffold was consolidated. Different PCL and Forsterite concentrations were separately applied on the optimized scaffold to yield a complete nanocomposite coating without clogging the macroporous structure. …

Macro-And Micromechanical Modelling Of Ha-Elastin Scaffold Fabricated Using Freeze Drying Technique, Matin Mohammadzadeh Rad, Saeed Saber-Samandari, Mojtaba Sadighi, Lobat Tayebi, Mohammad Mohammadi Aghdam, Amirsalar Khandan

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Simultaneous Selective Enrichment Of Methylparaben, Propylparaben, And Butylparaben From Cosmetics Samples Based On Syringe-To-Syringe Magnetic Fluid Phase Microextraction, Ebrahim Alipanahpour Dil, Mehrorang Ghaedi, Arash Asfaram, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Present work is the preparation of novel magnetic nanofluids based on deep eutectic solvent and used for the rapid microextraction of methylparaben (MP), propylparaben (PP), and butylparaben (BP) from cosmetics samples using syringe-to-syringe dispersive magnetic nanofluid microextraction procedure (SS-DMNF-ME). The optimization of the extraction of MP, PP, and BP was performed through central composite design (CCD). The optimum extraction conditions were assessed by optimizing pH, nanofluid volume, NaCl concentration, cycle number, and methanol volume. pH 8.0, 200 μL of magnetic nanofluid, 6% w/v of NaCl, eight cycles of injection/back injection, and 80 μL of methanol were the optimum extraction conditions, …

In Vitro Study Of Surface Alterations To Polyetheretherketone And Titanium And Their Effect Upon Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Maryam Gheisarifar, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Carl Drago, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Morteza Rasoulianboroujeni

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Soft-tissue attachment to different surfaces may play a pivotal role in the long-term success of dental implants. However, studies on the issue, especially on newer materials, are sparse.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the viability and adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on different implant abutment materials with specific surface modifications.

Material and methods

One hundred and fifty specimens in 6 experimental groups were evaluated: smooth-machined titanium alloy (Ti), laser-modified titanium (TiL), smooth-machined polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (P), laser-modified PEEK (PL), plasma-treated PEEK (PP), laser- and plasma-treated PEEK (PLP). Machined Ti was considered …

Inhibition Of Candida Albicans And Mixed Salivary Bacterial Biofilms On Antimicrobial Loaded Phosphated Poly(Methyl Methacrylate), Andrew R. Dentino, Dong Hwa Lee, Kelley Dentino, Arndt Guentsch, Mohammadreza Tahriri

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Biofilms play a crucial role in the development of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Inhibition of microbial adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and phosphate containing PMMA has been examined in this work. C. albicans and mixed salivary microbial biofilms were compared on naked and salivary pre-conditioned PMMA surfaces in the presence or absence of antimicrobials (Cetylpyridinium chloride [CPC], KSL-W, Histatin 5 [His 5]). Polymers with varying amounts of phosphate (0–25%) were tested using four C. albicans oral isolates as well as mixed salivary bacteria and 24 h biofilms were assessed for metabolic activity and confirmed using Live/Dead staining and confocal microscopy. …

The Use Of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate In The Treatment Of Horizontal Root Fractures: A Case Presentation And Literature Update, Elif Ballikaya, H. Cem Güngör

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Root fracture is a rarely seen traumatic injury in permanent dentition. It has a prevalence of 0.5-7 %. Tooth survival is significantly affected by the type of healing and the location of the root fracture. Additionally, the patient’s age, stage of root development, mobility and dislocation of the coronal fragment, and diastasis between fragments following this kind of injury are among the important factors. In this case presentation, the management with MTA plug and 6-year follow-up of a horizontal root fracture was reported. A literature update regarding the use of MTA in the management of horizontal root fractures was also …

Inventing Dental Continuing Education: History Of The Dental Forum -- Milwaukee, Kenneth J. Waliszewski

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Life-long learning is an ancient concept. The young are unaware of it. A beginning practitioner, often blinded by ego, ignores its value. The seasoned veteran, haunted by challenges, wonders how it passed him by. History can and does often teach us lessons. In 1787, Benjamin Franklin stood up to address the American Constitutional Convention and urged his fellow patriots to sign the document. At the age of 81, he was the oldest person in the group. He acknowledged having opened his mind to contrarian viewpoints from his younger colleagues. Franklin spoke these words: “If you are convinced that you know …

Concurrent Application Of Conductive Biopolymeric Chitosan/ Polyvinyl Alcohol/ Mwcnts Nanofibers, Intracellular Signaling Manipulating Molecules And Electrical Stimulation For More Effective Cardiac Tissue Engineering, Ali Abedi, Behnaz Bakhshandeh, Ali Babaie, Javad Mohammadnejad, Sadaf Vahdat, Reza Mombeiny, Seyed Reza Moosavi, Javid Amini, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Fabrication of appropriate electro-conductive scaffold, application of small molecules (SMs), electrical stimulation (ES), and stem cells are steps forward in cardiac tissue engineering. Herein, for the first time, all mentioned factors have been taken into account concurrently regarding the differentiation of unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) into cardiac cells. To accomplish this goal, electrospun composite scaffolds made of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs; ranged from 0 to 2.5% w/w) were fabricated. After analyzing mechanical, electrical, and biological properties, the best MWCNTs portion was selected. Of note, the addition of 2%w/w MWCNTs to the CS/PVA …

Recent Developments In Targeting Genes And Pathways By Rnai-Based Approaches In Colorectal Cancer, Asiyeh Jebelli, Behzad Baradaran, Jafar Mosafer, Amir Baghbanzadeh, Ahad Mokhtarzadeh, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A wide spectrum of genetic and epigenetic variations together with environmental factors has made colorectal cancer (CRC), which involves the colon and rectum, a challenging and heterogeneous cancer. CRC cannot be effectively overcome by common conventional therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormone replacement which highlights the need for a rational design of novel anticancer therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that RNA interference (RNAi) could be an important avenue to generate great therapeutic efficacy for CRC by targeting genes that are responsible for the viability, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of CRC cells. In this review, we …

Gauge-Invariant Tmd Factorization For Drell-Yan Hadronic Tensor At Small X, Ian Balitsky

Physics Faculty Publications

The Drell-Yan hadronic tensor for electromagnetic (EM) current is calculated in the Sudakov region s ≫ Q² ≫q_⊥² with ¹_Q² accuracy, first at the tree level and then with the double-log accuracy. It is demonstrated that in the leading order in N_c the higher-twist quark-quark-gluon TMDs reduce to leading-twist TMDs due to QCD equation of motion. The resulting tensor for unpolarized hadrons is EM gauge-invariant and depends on two leading-twist TMDs: f₁ responsible for total DY cross section, and Boer-Mulders function h₁^⊥. The order-of-magnitude estimates of angular distributions for DY …

A Survey Of Opportunistic Fungi In The Portsmouth, Nh Region, Chloe E. Richard

Honors Theses and Capstones

Opportunistic mycoses are caused by ubiquitous fungi that we encounter daily. This study identified the most common opportunistic fungi in a local area during the current winter season. A survey of fungi was conducted in the Portsmouth, New Hampshire region by taking environmental samples from both indoor and outdoor locations. The samples were then cultured and identified using colony morphology, microscopic characteristics, and biochemical testing. Despite the cold weather, the results showed that fungal species are still prevalent outdoors, with the most variation in single samples coming from areas with exposed soil and decaying vegetation, while less fungal presence was …

Healthcare And Substance Use Service Accessibility And Barriers For Syringe Service Program (Ssp) Participants In Manchester, Nh, Faith Mackenzie Farnham

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

An In-Depth Analysis Of The Data Analytics Job Market, Dagny Elaine Wilkins

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

Service-Learning To Develop Responsiveness Among Preservice Teachers, Elizabeth S. White

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

The purpose of this study was to examine the benefits, challenges, and limitations of a service-learning project designed to promote responsiveness among PK-12 preservice teachers (N=41). The service-learning included working with children (5- to 12-year-olds) at before- and after-school programs, interviewing site staff, and developing lesson plans for the children at each site. Data sources for this study included students’ reflections and group lesson plans. Qualitative analysis showed that what constituted benefits for some students, such as connecting with children and learning classroom management, were reported as challenges for others. Additionally, students’ ideas about responsiveness in education were focused on …

Making Learning Work: A Family Guide To Supporting Your Child In Hybrid And Remote Learning, Center For Public Research And Leadership

Center for Public Research and Leadership

Are you still trying to figure out how to support your child’s learning in a way that is safe and works for your child and family? Many families are in the same situation.

We hope this guide lightens your load and helps you make schooling decisions that meet your needs. Inside you will find practical tips, resources, and tools for use during the pandemic and beyond.

Opposition To Renewable Energy Facilities In The United States, Hillary Aidun, Radhika Goyal, Kate Marsh, Neely Mckee, Maris Welch

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

More than 100 ordinances have been adopted in 31 states blocking or restricting new wind, solar, and other renewable energy facilities, and more than 160 of these projects have been contested in 48 states. Columbia Law School’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law issued a report documenting these instances of local opposition to renewables.

Smart Surfaces, Smart Cities: Reducing Heat And Promoting Equity In Urban Areas, Hillary Aidun

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

The summer of 2021 underscored that we are all affected by climate change impacts, whether in the form of heatwaves, fires, or extreme flooding. But some Americans are far more affected than others. Urban centers are hotter than rural areas due to urban heat island effect, a phenomenon caused by pavement, buildings, and other surfaces in cities that absorb and retain heat. In the United States, urban heat island effect results in a temperature difference of up to 7. degrees between cities and their surrounding rural areas. Moreover, within cities, extreme heat disproportionately harms communities of color and low-income communities. …

The Law And Science Of Climate Change Attribution, Michael Burger, Jessica A. Wentz, Radley Horton

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

There is overwhelming scientific agreement that human activities are changing the global climate system and that these changes are already affecting human and natural systems. Significant advances in climate change detection and attribution science – the branch of science that seeks to isolate the effect of human influence on the climate and related earth systems – have continued to clarify the extent to which anthropogenic climate change causes both slow onset changes and extreme events. The spike in deaths and costs associated with extreme events and the prospect for slow onset changes with irreversible impacts has inspired a marked increase …

Attribution Science In Takings Litigation, Daniel J. Metzger

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Climate science plays a central role in climate litigation, and cases under the Takings Clause of the United States’ and many state constitutions are no exception. In the climate context, takings cases to date have involved claims that challenge the constitutionality of both adaptation and mitigation measures. For instance, real estate developers have claimed that land use and zoning regulations that seek to reduce exposure to climate change impacts constitute regulatory takings. Property owners have claimed that restrictions on the development of fossil fuel infrastructure upset their investment-backed expectations. And property owners adversely impacted by climate-related flood control measures have …

A Learning Curve Model Accounting For The Flattening Effect In Production Cycles, Evan R. Boone, John J. Elshaw, Clay M. Koschnick, Jonathan D. Ritschel, Adedeji B. Badiru

Faculty Publications

We investigate production cost estimates to identify and model modifications to a prescribed learning curve. Our new model examines the learning rate as a decreasing function over time as opposed to a constant rate that is frequently used. The purpose of this research is to determine whether a new learning curve model could be implemented to reduce the error in cost estimates for production processes. A new model was created that mathematically allows for a “flattening effect,” which typically occurs later in the production process. This model was then compared to Wright’s learning curve, which is a popular method used …

Rule Of Law And Human Rights: Strengthening Democratic Institutions Academy On Human Rights And Humanitarian Law Articles On Rule Of Law And Human Rights: Strengthening Democratic Institutions: Introduction, Claudia Martin, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

We are delighted to present this year's publication of the Academy on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, which includes two of the best essays in English and in Spanish recognized in the 2020 Human Rights Essay Award competition. It is satisfying to think that this competition allowed a number of participants an opportunity to expound their thoughts on so many important topics and on so many areas of the world. We hope these participants are able to use their articles as mechanisms for change.

Foreword, Fernando R. Laguarda

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

It was an honor to be asked to write this introduction to the American UniversityLegislation & PolicyBriefannual publication. AULPB was launched in 2008 with help from then-Professor Jamie Raskin as the Legislation and Policy Roundtable, becoming a fully-fledged publication in 2011. Today, the AULPB plays a vital role in the intellectual life of the Washington College of Law, serving as the central forum for scholarship on topics at the intersection of law and public policy. In the past three years, AULPB has also organized symposia focusing on cutting edge topics elevated by bipartisan dialogue. I was privileged to work closely …

Challenges To The Independence Of Inspectors General In Robust Congressional Oversight, Fernando R. Laguarda

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Congressional oversight of the Executive is among the chief responsibilities of the legislative branch. Inspectors General ("IGs") are among the most important tools available to Congress because they are "hard-wired" into the Executive itself. The value of IGs to Congress depends on their expertise in the workings of their host agencies and their "independence" from those agencies. But "independence" is not a statutorily defined term. As the agencies, and sometimes Congress itself, expand the role of IGs to engage in activities that parallel the regulatory programs of their host agencies, IG independence is compromised and the value IGs provide to …

A Tale Of Two Interoperabilities; Or, How Google V. Oracle Could Become Social Media Legislation, Charles Duan

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The Supreme Court'srecent decision in Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc. has provided the latest word on an issue that many have described as "interoperability," and it comes at a time when lawmakers around the world are debating a policy called "interoperability" with respect to majorInternetplatforms. At first glance, these two similarly named policy conversations copyright protection of software interfaces and interconnection among competing Internet platforms, respectively have little to do with each other. Yet they are vitally intertwined: the activities and issues featured in Google are so closely linked to the questions of digital competition that interoperability reforms directed …

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate And The Racial Multiplier: Clinical Implications And Current Attitudes, Brittney A. Spooner

Honors Theses and Capstones

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and has high and increasing incidence worldwide. CKD is characterized by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but as GFR is difficult to measure directly, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations have been created to measure serum creatinine levels as a function of GFR. Some eGFR equations contain a racial multiplier that increases the eGFR of black patients, causing a spurious increase in reported kidney function. This study included a literature search that collected information on the rationale behind the multipliers usage and a survey that gathered information …

The Future Of Auditing: An Analysis Of Ai Implementation In The Big Four Accounting Firms, Alexander Michael Heye

Honors Theses and Capstones

The implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has become somewhat of a hot topic within the modern business world. Many companies have chosen to embrace the potential that these systems have on the ways we can conduct business, while others are hesitant to “dip their toes” in the figurative waters of AI research and utilization. Auditing is no different from other industries in that firms are excited to see what potential these new innovations have in store for promoting a faster, more efficient, and more accurate audit. This review peers into how some Big 4 firms have made the first …

Reconstructing The Black Family: How The Freedmen’S Bureau Sought To Shape Black Family Structures After Emancipation, Megan R. Busby

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

How Can An Economic Analysis Affect The Understanding Of A Court’S Decision?, Yanni N. Kakouris

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.