Digital Commons Network^™

Running Your Best Triathlon Race, Naroa Etxebarria, Jackson Wright, David Pyne, Christian Mesquida, Hamish Jeacocke

Articles

Negative or evenly paced racing strategies often lead to more favorable performance outcomes for endurance athletes. However, casual inspection of race split times and observational studies both indicate that elite triathletes competing in Olympic-distance triathlon typically implement a positive pacing strategy during the last of the 3 disciplines, the 10-km run. To address this apparent contradiction, the authors examined data from 14 International Triathlon Union elite races over 3 consecutive years involving a total of 725 male athletes. Analyses of race results confirm that triathletes typically implement a positive running pace strategy, running the first lap of the standard 4-lap …

Green Inequities: Examining The Dimensions Of Socioenvironmental Injustice In Marginalized Communities, Akiebia S. Hicks, Zachary Malone, Megan A. Moore, Roslynn Powell, Austin Thompson, Patricia A. Whitener, Rowan Williams

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In the realm of socioenvironmental justice, much discourse centers on equal access to green areas and on climate injustice in the United States. Marginalized communities, including Indigenous populations, are being excluded from current narratives surrounding the natural spaces that in many cases are historically tied to under-represented groups. This article aims to explore some of the many dimensions of environmental racism, green inequities, climate injustice, and access. The dimensions include but are not limited to racial gatekeeping, nature deprivation in low-income communities, green gentrification, light pollution, and access to clean water. The recommendations section serves as a guide during decisionmaking …

Race, Risk, And Personal Responsibility In The Response To Covid-19, Aziza Ahmed, Jason Jackson

Faculty Scholarship

The COVID-19 crisis has tragically revealed the depth of racial inequities in the United States. This Piece argues that the disproportion­ate impact of the pandemic on racial minorities is a symptom of a failing approach to public health, one that privileges individual behaviors over the structural conditions that generate vulnerability and inequitable health outcomes. Despite clear racial disparities in illness and deaths, the neoliberal ideology of personal responsibility shifts the onus for mitigation of risk away from the social and legal determinants of health and onto the individual. To understand how and why these disparate racial outcomes arise, this Piece …

A Comparison Of Neuropathy Quality Of Life Tools: Norfolk Qol-Dn, Pn-Qol-97, And Neuroqol-28, Jennifer Joy Brown, Sheri R. Colberg, Shana Pribesh, Kimberly G. Baskette, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Aims To explore the effectiveness of the Norfolk QOL-DN (QOL-DN), PN-QOL-97, and NeuroQOL-28 as tools for early detection of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in overweight, obese, and inactive (OOI), prediabetes (PD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals.

Methods Thirty-four adults were divided by A1C [(10 OOI, 13 PD, and 11 T2D] and the sural nerves were tested bilaterally via NC-Stat DPN Check, conducting a sural nerve conduction study (NCS). Participants were individually timed, filling out questionnaires (QOL-DN, NeuroQOL-28, and PN-QOL-97) at a self-selected pace. Data were analyzed and compared to NCS findings to determine the best instrument for early neuropathy detection, …

Air Pollution And Outdoor Recreation On Urban Trails: A Case Study Of The Elizabeth River Trail, Norfolk, James E. Mccann, Chris A.B. Zajchowski, Eddie L. Hill, Xihe Zhu

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Poor air quality represents a significant health risk for individuals engaging in recreation activities outdoors in urban parks and trails. This study investigated temporal variability in particulate matter (PM) exposure along an urban waterfront trail. We also used recreation choice frameworks to examine the effects of visitors’ perceptions of air quality (AQ) and health benefits on trail use. Average air quality during the collection period was “good” (PM₁₀) to “moderate” (PM_2.5). We found that PM density was significantly higher (p < 0.001), though still in the “moderate” range, at 7–9 a.m., 11 a.m.–1 p.m., and 3–5 p.m., and on weekends. Visitors’ self-reported perceptions of health outcomes, but not air quality, significantly predicted trail use. Results suggest that these experiential factors may affect recreational choices depending on other factors, such as salience. Further research is merited to determine how experiential factors can be integrated with other theories of motivation to understand recreational decision-making.

Meeting The Affective Needs Of Gifted Students, Nora A. Hoover

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine effective programming specifically designed to meet the affective needs of high-ability students. One over-arching question guided this study: How are school personnel most successfully meeting the affective needs of high-ability learners? These two sub-questions probed into the details of programming: What is the cognitive or developmental framework the district uses to support social-emotional development of high-ability learners? What are the elements and practices of the school program that have positively impacted high-ability leaners by meeting their social and emotional needs? An expert in high-ability education shared a list of school …

Offenders, Victims, And Perceptions Of Crime From An Evolutionary Perspective, Jordan Meadows

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study analyzed how positive attitudes associated with individuals of high reproductive value impacted decision-making, specifically in the area of punishing offenders who commit crime. Reproductive value in this study was manipulated by controlling the age of both victims and offenders in a crime scenario; the type of crime was also manipulated to measure potential variation caused by differences in reproductive impact. The primary areas of research that supported this study are based on evolutionary psychology, which argues that human behavior is impacted by proximate factors in socio-environmental contexts (Crawford & Anderson, 1989). This study used a model that views …

Organizational Culture: An Examination Of The Role Of Leadership In Neutralizing The Negative Effects Of Technostress During Operational Shifts, David P. Kirkland

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

COVID-19 created a support problem for public universities across the United States and required that IT departments and professionals alter how they performed in 2020, and perhaps beyond. IT professionals tasked with safeguarding large amounts of data were required to shift to a teleworking posture to continue offering a similar level of service as previously expected. In addition to the technological shift that organizations experienced because of COVID-19, leadership challenges also impacted IT departments across the United States. The rapid shift of operational duties has the propensity to increase technology-related stress, due to employee perception of being successful in their …

Positive And Negative Social Attitudes Toward Asexual People, Andi Bittle

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to further the work of MacInnis and Hodson (2012) and Hoffarth et al. (2016) by examining attitudes toward asexual people and correlates of those attitudes, including social dominance orientation and social distance. Several hypotheses were examined: overall attitudes toward asexual people would be more negative than attitudes toward heterosexual people and celibate people; there would be an interaction between the vignette characters sexual orientation and gender such that the most negative attitudes would be towards the asexual man and the most positive attitudes would be towards the heterosexual man; and more negative attitudes towards …

School Programming For Homelessness: Perspectives Of Families And Local Homeless Liaisons, Jazlynn J. Paige

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Thisdissertation focuses on children experiencing homelessness and the effects homelessness has on their academic achievement from the perspective of the children, their parents, and local homeless liaisons. More importantly, this research explores what educators can do to create a positive, supportive, and stable environment at school for children experiencing homelessness by implementing an effective program or a number of support services. Data for the current study were gathered through phone and face-to-face interviews. The participants were 10 parent and child dyads living in a shelter and three school homeless liaisons. The semi-structured interviews focused on the resources, or lack thereof, …

Social Support As A Mitigator Of Trauma Related Stress Reactivity In A College Population, Erin Murphy

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined how social support can mitigate the stress reactivity of individuals with childhood trauma. The hypothesis addressed whether individuals with childhood trauma will have the higher stress reactivity compared to individuals without childhood trauma. Having social support will help to reduce the physiological and psychological responses such as lower cortisol and alpha amylase levels, lower heartrate, and a more positive mood. Participants completed the Profile of Mood State Scale (POMS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Hassles Scale, and Social Provisions Scale (SPS). Additionally, measures of cortisol, alpha amylase, and heartrate were tested. Data was collected in person from …

The Examination Of Training And Practice Of Early Childhood School Psychologists, Sarah E. Scott

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The proposed study investigated the training and practice of school psychologists who work or have recently worked with the early childhood population (children 0–5 years old). The sample included 179 school psychologists within the United States with experience with young children. Participants completed the Early Childhood School Psychology Training and Practice Survey that asked questions regarding demographic information, graduate training, professional development, and current practice. The current study attempted to discover what type of training current school psychologists received in regards to the early childhood population while in graduate school as well as what roles and functions these school psychologists …

The Psychological And Physical Well-Being Of Transgender People, Charlene Johnson

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to examine components of support that may predict better mental health outcomes for transgender people. Gender is typically associated with natal sex. When a persons gender identity does not match their assigned sex at birth, living their life and feeling accepted by society can be challenging. Previous research suggested that support across a variety of settings such as in the home, interpersonal relationships, work, and academic settings are predictive of better overall life outcomes and when this support is lacking, psychological distress such as depression, anxiety, shame, guilt, low self-esteem, and suicidal ideation may …

The Relationship Between Military Experience And Burnout On Police Officer Use Of Force, Zoã© Robin Fiske

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, much public attention has focused on police officer-involved shootings and use of force more generally. Little research, however, has examined how personal characteristics and previous experiences may affect use of force. In particular, there is little known about the effects of military experience on use of force, despite many police officers reporting prior military service. The current study attempted to fill this gap by providing more clarity as to how police officers who have served in the military utilize force in policing. This study also explored the relationship between officer burnout and use of force and how …

The Relationship Between Parental Attachment Styles And Acting-With-Awareness, Brandi Caudill

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parental attachment impacts multiple life outcomes and abilities from infancy to adulthood, including mindfulness. Acting-with-awareness is one facet of mindfulness involving an individuals ability to attend to the present moment. Independently, both attachment-based strategies and mindfulness-based strategies are incorporated into therapy; however, therapeutic strategies considering both constructs are limited. Further, research investigating the relationship between parental attachment and acting-with-awareness in college-aged individuals is narrow. The present study investigated three research questions: (a) what the factor structure of modified The Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) for parental attachment is; (b) if there are significant differences across parental attachment styles based on …

Being Needed, Cared For, And Present: Belonging And Disability In The Seventh-Day Adventist Church In North America, Shannon M. Trecartin, Mikelle Wile, Terrance P. Trecartin, Petr Činčala

Faculty Publications

Many Christian churches seek to be places of belonging, yet present barriers to inclusion. The present research focuses on disability and belonging in members of the Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church in North America. Data from the SDA Global Church Survey (2017–2018) were used to measure attendance, perceived care, and sense of being needed. Results: Differences in attendance, leadership, and “feeling cared for” were observed. The findings of this study suggest that the SDA Church has had both successes and room for growth in terms of creating opportunities for belonging among people with disabilities. Implications for other denominations are also discussed.

Adhd And Emotional Dysregulation: The Unique And Joint Contribution To Impairment In Children, Farnoosh N. Khan

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Difficulties with Emotional Dysregulation (ED) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are commonplace; however, in the DSM-5, ED is not characterized to be an associated feature of ADHD despite recommendations that it ought to be (Barkley, 2015). The lack of understanding of the role of ED in ADHD yields a less comprehensive picture of the breadth of impairment that individuals with ADHD may experience. At present, the literature examining ED is unclear regarding the extent to which ED is a core versus associated feature of ADHD. The current study utilized archival data from children evaluated for possible ADHD …

Building A Culture Of Trust: An Imperative For Effective School Leadership, Rodney A. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Demographic Study On Smartphone Preference Among Students In Nigerian Universities, Adekunle Simon Ayo, Dimowo Oiza Lauren

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

This study investigated smartphone preference among undergraduate and postgraduate students in Nigerian universities. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which students’ demographic attributes such as gender, age, usage experience and educational level influence their preference for smartphones. The study also identified and ranked smartphone brands based on selected factors like brand name, brand attachment, perceived usefulness, social influence, price, aesthetic value and product design and features. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for the study. The study population comprised all full-time university students in Nigeria both at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Questionnaire was designed and electronically administered using …

Intake Of Products Containing Anthocyanins, Flavanols, And Flavanones, And Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review, Samantha L. Gardener, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Michael Weinborn, Catherine P. Bondonno, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of this review is to examine human research studies published within the past 6 years which evaluate the role of anthocyanin, flavanol, and flavanone consumption in cognitive function, and to discuss potential mechanisms of action underlying any observed benefits. Evidence to date suggests the consumption of flavonoid-rich foods, such as berries and cocoa, may have the potential to limit, or even reverse, age-related declines in cognition. Over the last 6 years, the flavonoid subgroups of anthocyanins, flavanols, and flavanones have been shown to be beneficial in terms of conferring neuroprotection. The mechanisms by which flavonoids positively modulate cognitive …

Usability, Acceptability, And Safety Analysis Of A Computer-Tailored Web-Based Exercise Intervention (Exerciseguide) For Individuals With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Multi-Methods Laboratory-Based Study, Holly E. L. Evans, Cynthia C. Forbes, Daniel A. Galvão, Corneel Vandelanotte, Robert U. Newton, Gary Wittert, Suzanne Chambers, Andrew D. Vincent, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Danielle Girard, Nicholas Brook, Camille E. Short

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Digital health interventions such as tailored websites are emerging as valuable tools to provide individualized exercise and behavioral change information for individuals diagnosed with cancer.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate and iteratively refine the acceptability and usability of a web-based exercise intervention (ExerciseGuide) for men with metastatic prostate cancer and determine how well individuals can replicate the video-based exercise prescription.

Methods:

A laboratory-based multi-methods design was used, incorporating questionnaires, think-aloud tests, interviews, and movement screening among 11 men aged 63 to 82 years with metastatic prostate cancer. Overall, 9 participants were undergoing androgen deprivation therapy, …

The Supportive Care Needs Of Regional And Remote Cancer Caregivers, Anna Stiller, Belinda C. Goodwin, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Sonja March, Michael Ireland, Joanne F. Aitken, Jeff Dunn, Suzanne K. Chambers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: As cancer survival rates continue to increase, so will the demand for care from family and friends, particularly in more isolated settings. This study aims to examine the needs of cancer caregivers in regional and remote Australia. Methods: A total of 239 informal (i.e., non-professional) cancer caregivers (e.g., family/friends) from regional and remote Queensland, Australia, completed the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers (CNAT-C). The frequencies of individuals reporting specific needs were calculated. Logistic regression analyses assessed the association between unmet needs and demographic characteristics and cancer type. Results: The most frequently endorsed needs were lodging near hospital …

The Role Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy In Cardiovascular And Diabetes Healthcare: A Scoping Review, Amineh Rashidi, Lisa Whitehead, Lisa Newson, Felicity Astin, Paramjit Gill, Deirdre A. Lane, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Lis Neubeck, Chantal F. Ski, David R. Thompson, Helen Walthall, Ian D. Jones

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an adapted form of cognitive behavioural therapy. ACT focuses on how thinking affects behaviour and promotes psychological flexibility. The prevalence of psychological distress among people living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high, and ACT may offer an alternative treatment approach. This scoping review explored the use of ACT as an intervention to support adults living with CVD and/or T2DM. A systematic search of the literature resulted in the inclusion of 15 studies. Studies were reviewed using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to conducting scoping reviews. Most studies (n …

Analysis Of The Use And Perception Of Shared Mobility: A Case Study In Western Australia, Craig Standing, Ferry Jie, Thi Le, Susan Standing, Sharon Biermann

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The sharing economy has acquired a lot of media attention in recent years, and it has had a significant impact on the transport sector. This paper investigates the existing impact and potential of various forms of shared mobility, concentrating on the case study of Wanneroo, Western Australia. We adopted bibliometric analysis and visualization tools based on nearly 700 papers collected from the Scopus database to identify research clusters on shared mobility. Based on the clusters identified, we undertook a further content analysis to clarify the factors affecting the potential of different shared mobility modes. A specially designed questionnaire was applied …

Development And Validation Of The Holistic Cognition Scale, Andrei A. Lux, Steven L. Grover, Stephen T. Teo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper introduces a new scale to measure cognitive cultural differences, drawing on the theory of analytic versus holistic thought. Examining culture from a cognitive perspective is a challenge to traditional values-based approaches. Existing measures based on this framework are methodologically problematic and warrant renewal. This paper presents development and validation studies for a new instrument that measures analytic versus holistic cognitive tendencies at the individual level. The scale assesses four previously established dimensions: attention, causality, contradiction, and change. The present work follows well-established scale development protocols and the results show that the 16-item Holistic Cognition Scale (HCS) is a …

‘Believe In Me, And I Will Too’: A Study Of How Teachers’ Expectations Instilled Confidence In Grade 10 Students, Olivia Johnston, Helen Wildy, Jennifer Shand

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Teacher expectation research has continued to establish an association between what teachers expect of their students and what students accomplish academically. These expectations affect students when they are communicated by teachers through differential treatment in the class, but no qualitative research has sought adolescent students’ points of view about how they experience teacher expectation effects. This paper presents new research findings that explain how Grade 10 students experienced their teachers’ expectations in ways that they reflected impacted their academic outcomes. Classic grounded theory methods were used to develop this new knowledge, which has implications for how teachers are educated for, …

Designing Call To Action: Users' Perception Of Different Charateristics, Thomas Mejtoft, Jonathan Hedlund, Helen Cripps, Ulrik Söderström, Ole Norberg

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper aims to provide guidance when designing a call to action in a digital system with the purpose to create an intended feeling and user engagement. The paper is based on a test of four different simple call to action constructions. The users clearly prefer constructions that have a high explainability and feels intuitive. Hence, the design should have a high level of transparency and show the user straight away what it demands from the user and what the result of the action is. Furthermore, the design should have a high usability to make it clear how to use …

A Narrative Review Of The Pharmacological, Cultural And Psychological Literature On Ibogaine, Martie S. Underwood, Stephen J. Bright, B. Les Lancaster

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Ibogaine is a psychoactive alkaloid contained in the West African plant Tabernanthe iboga. Although preliminary, evidence suggests that ibogaine could be effective in the treatment of certain substance use disorders, specifically opioid use disorder. This narrative review concentrated on the pharmacological, cultural and psychological aspects of ibogaine that contribute to its reputed effectiveness with a specific focus on the ibogaine state of consciousness. Although the exact pharmacological mechanisms for ibogaine are still speculative, the literature highlighted its role as an NMDA antagonist in the effective treatment of substance use disorders. The cultural aspects associated with the use of ibogaine pose …

Communication Surrounding Initiation And Withdrawal Of Non-Invasive Ventilation In Adults With Motor Neuron(E) Disease: Clinicians’ And Family Members’ Perspectives, Charlotte Chapman, Sara Bayes, Moira Sim

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction: International guidelines recommend that health care clinicians communicate with people with MND and their family members about non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and percutaneous gastrostomy tube (PEG) prior to or at the onset of respiratory symptoms. This study sought to discover the degree to which these recommendations are followed in practice.

Methods: Interpretive Description methodology was employed. Nineteen clinicians experienced in caring for people with MND, six relatives of recently deceased people with MND and one person with MND participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews. Clinicians’ accounts of NIV and PEG related communications were compared to family member participants’ recollections of their …

Spon1 Is Associated With Amyloid-Β And Apoe Ε4-Related Cognitive Decline In Cognitively Normal Adults, Shane Fernandez, Samantha C. Burnham, Lidija Milicic, Greg Savage, Paul Maruff, Madeline Peretti, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Yen Ying Lim, Michael Weinborn, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Ralph N. Martins, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Christopher C. Rowe, Olivier Salvado, David Groth, Giuseppe Verdile, Victor L. Villemagne, Tenielle Porter, Simon M. Laws

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Genetic variation in Spondin-1, specifically rs11023139, has been associated with reduced rates of cognitive decline in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether the association was present in cognitively normal older adults. Methods: Longitudinal cognitive decline was investigated using linear mixed modelling in a cohort of 590 cognitively normal older adults enrolled in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study. Results: No independent effect of Spondin-1 rs11023139 on cognitive decline was observed. However, significant associations were observed for the interaction between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ϵ4 and rs11023139 in individuals with high amyloid-β …