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2021

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Technology Strategy For Developing The Assistive Robotics Market, Gabriel Esteban Aguiar Noury Jan 2021

Technology Strategy For Developing The Assistive Robotics Market, Gabriel Esteban Aguiar Noury

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Robotics has increased productivity in industries such as manufacturing, defence and construction but less so in healthcare where, despite the pressures from demographic changes, barriers to the adoption of assistive robotics (AR) persist. Due to the cutting-edge nature of the technology, the field requires studies that explore how it is developed and applied, effectively resulting in the development of an AR market in healthcare. Therefore, the research question for this thesis is ‘What strategy can be adopted to develop the AR market?’ This thesis adopted a Collaborative Action Research methodology to explore the development of an AR market in one …

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Complex Relationships Between Water Discharge And Sediment Concentration Across The Loess Plateau, China, Haiyan Zheng, Chiyuan Miao, Juying Jiao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick Jan 2021

Complex Relationships Between Water Discharge And Sediment Concentration Across The Loess Plateau, China, Haiyan Zheng, Chiyuan Miao, Juying Jiao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Understanding of the relationship between water discharge (Q) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) across the Loess Plateau is a prerequisite for evaluating different soil and water conservation measures. Using daily Q and SSC datasets, this study jointly analyzes changes in Q and SSC on the central Loess Plateau, a major sediment-producing area of China, during the periods 1971-1987 (P1) and 2008-2016 (P2). The results show that during both P1 and P2, the contributions of maximum-3-day-per-year sediment load (SSL) to the total SSL are almost invariably over 50% (dominant), with the majority increasing further between P1 and P2. The contribution of …

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Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Processes Of The Baige Landslide-Induced Barrier Lake, Jinsha River, China, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Yifei Cui, Xuanmei Fan, Wenjun Yang, Wei Huang, Alistair Borthwick Jan 2021

Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Processes Of The Baige Landslide-Induced Barrier Lake, Jinsha River, China, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Yifei Cui, Xuanmei Fan, Wenjun Yang, Wei Huang, Alistair Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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An Analysis Of How Culture Influences The Arbitration Process Used To Resolve Disputes On Construction Projects In Saudi Arabia, Sultan Alsofyani Jan 2021

An Analysis Of How Culture Influences The Arbitration Process Used To Resolve Disputes On Construction Projects In Saudi Arabia, Sultan Alsofyani

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

This study aimed to investigate links between contractual disputes and project cultures in the construction industry of Saudi Arabia. Contractual disputes are those that arise from the contractual relationships binding parties to a particular project, which may broadly be categorised as being between an employer/client and a contractor or between a main contractor and a subcontractor/supplier. Project cultures describe the values, principles, beliefs and behaviours that parties bring into a contractual agreement. For this thesis, the author explored the extent to which the local culture of Saudi Arabia shaped and influenced contractual construction project disputes. The idea was to deepen …

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Virtual Environments For Chemistry Education Using Gesture-Based Technology, Shaykhah Aldosari Jan 2021

Virtual Environments For Chemistry Education Using Gesture-Based Technology, Shaykhah Aldosari

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Gesture-based technology has considerably improved in recent years. Such technology allows users to interact naturally with objects in a three-dimensional virtual space. The Leap Motion controller is one example of a device using gesture-based technology, and such devices have vast potential in education. This research focuses on identifying the effects of gesture-based technology on learning, specifically on chemistry education. The research hypothesis is that such technologies in the education field positively influence the general learning experience and improve student comprehension. A chemistry educational system using a gesture-based device and integrating the experiment simulations and the visualisation of molecules in secondary …

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Wave Energy In The Uk: Status Review And Future Perspectives, Siya Jin, Deborah Greaves Jan 2021

Wave Energy In The Uk: Status Review And Future Perspectives, Siya Jin, Deborah Greaves

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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A Bayesian Inverse Dynamic Approach For Impulsive Wave Loading Reconstruction: Theory, Laboratory And Field Application, Alessandro Antonini, Brownjohn Jm William, Darshana Dassanayake, Alison Raby, James Bassit, Athanasios Pappas, D D’Ayala Jan 2021

A Bayesian Inverse Dynamic Approach For Impulsive Wave Loading Reconstruction: Theory, Laboratory And Field Application, Alessandro Antonini, Brownjohn Jm William, Darshana Dassanayake, Alison Raby, James Bassit, Athanasios Pappas, D D’Ayala

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The measurement of wave forces acting on marine structures is a complicated task, both during physical experiments and, even more so, in the field. Force transducers adopted in laboratory experiments require a minimum level of structural movement, thus violating the main assumption of fully rigid structure and introducing a dynamic response of the system. Sometimes the induced vibrations are so intense that they completely nullify the reliability of the experiments. On-site, it is even more complex, since there are no force transducers of the size and capacity able to measure such massive force intensity acting over the very large domain …

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Ergodic Sampling Of The Topological Charge Using The Density Of States, Guido Cossu, David Lancaster, Biagio Lucini, Roberto Pellegrini, Antonio Rago Jan 2021

Ergodic Sampling Of The Topological Charge Using The Density Of States, Guido Cossu, David Lancaster, Biagio Lucini, Roberto Pellegrini, Antonio Rago

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

AbstractIn lattice calculations, the approach to the continuum limit is hindered by the severe freezing of the topological charge, which prevents ergodic sampling in configuration space. In order to significantly reduce the autocorrelation time of the topological charge, we develop a density of states approach with a smooth constraint and use it to study SU(3) pure Yang Mills gauge theory near the continuum limit. Our algorithm relies on simulated tempering across a range of couplings, which guarantees the decorrelation of the topological charge and ergodic sampling of topological sectors. Particular emphasis is placed on testing the accuracy, efficiency and scaling …

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Dc And Impedance Sensors Based On Graphene For The Early Detection Of Alzheimer’S Protein Biomarkers, Carrie Jean Haslam Jan 2021

Dc And Impedance Sensors Based On Graphene For The Early Detection Of Alzheimer’S Protein Biomarkers, Carrie Jean Haslam

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder, responsible for 60-70% of all dementia incidences. Estimates suggest that there are over 47 million people affected by dementia, of which ~65% suffer from AD worldwide, costing the global healthcare system ~$1 trillion annually or over 1% of global GDP. As such, the prevention and management of AD has now become a public health priority. Here five distinctively different biosensing models are reported, explicitly developed for the ultrasensitive and label-free detection of selective biomarkers associated with AD, as well as cancer, using impedance/admittance spectroscopy. The approach based on 4-probe (using direct current …

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Uncertainty Quantification In Shallow Water-Sediment Flows: A Stochastic Galerkin Shallow Water Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Model, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick Jan 2021

Uncertainty Quantification In Shallow Water-Sediment Flows: A Stochastic Galerkin Shallow Water Hydro-Sediment-Morphodynamic Model, Ji Li, Zhixian Cao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Emotional Body Language Synthesis For Humanoid Robots, Asimina Marmpena Jan 2021

Emotional Body Language Synthesis For Humanoid Robots, Asimina Marmpena

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

In the next decade, societies will witness a rise in service robots deployed in social environments, such as schools, homes, or shops, where they will operate as assistants, public relation agents, or companions. People are expected to willingly engage and collaborate with these robots to accomplish positive outcomes. To facilitate collaboration, robots need to comply with the behavioural and social norms used by humans in their daily interactions. One such behavioural norm is the expression of emotion through body language. Previous work on emotional body language synthesis for humanoid robots has been mainly focused on hand-coded design methods, often employing …

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Compact Floating Wave Energy Converter Arrays: Inter-Device Mooring Connectivity And Performance, Ben Howey, Keri M. Collins, Martyn Hann, Gregorio Iglesias, Rui P.F. Gomes, João C.C. Henriques, Luís M.C. Gato, Deborah Greaves Jan 2021

Compact Floating Wave Energy Converter Arrays: Inter-Device Mooring Connectivity And Performance, Ben Howey, Keri M. Collins, Martyn Hann, Gregorio Iglesias, Rui P.F. Gomes, João C.C. Henriques, Luís M.C. Gato, Deborah Greaves

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Achieving cost reduction in wave energy conversion is seen as essential to enabling the progress of the sector. Atutility scale in a wave farm, multiple devices are likely to be deployed in array configurations. Closely spaced,compact wave energy converter (WEC) arrays are a promising option for cost reduction, realising synergies inoperation and maintenance tasks and auxiliary installations, whilst achieving economies of scale. Mooring andanchorage systems are known to be a major component of the structural costs, and the use of interconnectinglines between neighbouring devices can reduce the number of anchors and minimise total line length. In thispaper, we present the …

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Prospects On The Nano-Plastic Particles Internalization And Induction Of Cellular Response In Human Keratinocytes, Pm Gopinath, Ks Twayana, P Ravanan, John Thomas, A Mukherjee, Df Jenkins, N Chandrasekaran Jan 2021

Prospects On The Nano-Plastic Particles Internalization And Induction Of Cellular Response In Human Keratinocytes, Pm Gopinath, Ks Twayana, P Ravanan, John Thomas, A Mukherjee, Df Jenkins, N Chandrasekaran

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Abstract Background Today, cosmetic products are very popular with both men and women to improve their appearance and increase their social acceptability. Results In this study, nano-sized (30–300 nm) plastic particles were isolated from the commercial face-scrubs and treated on the human keratinocytes. The observed adherence of polyethylene nano-plastics (PENPs), polystyrene NPs (PSNPs), and face-scrubs isolated nano-plastics (NPs) on the keratin layer reveals a significant attachment of NPs from the cosmetics that are applied on the skin for a short duration. This attachment property could facilitate further adherence of protein molecules on NPs and the protein-corona formation. The protein-corona mimics …

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From Local To Nonlocal: Higher Fidelity Simulations Of Photon Emission In Intense Laser Pulses, T. G. Blackburn, A. J. Macleod, B. King Jan 2021

From Local To Nonlocal: Higher Fidelity Simulations Of Photon Emission In Intense Laser Pulses, T. G. Blackburn, A. J. Macleod, B. King

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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On The Energy Conversion Characteristics Of A Top-Mounted Pitching Absorber By Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Xiaobo Zheng, Guangmao Chen, Wenjin Cao, H Xu, Ruiwen Zhao, Q Xu, Morten Kramer, David Le Touzé, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Ye Li Jan 2021

On The Energy Conversion Characteristics Of A Top-Mounted Pitching Absorber By Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Xiaobo Zheng, Guangmao Chen, Wenjin Cao, H Xu, Ruiwen Zhao, Q Xu, Morten Kramer, David Le Touzé, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Ye Li

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

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Global Syndromes Induced By Changes In Solutes Of The World’S Large Rivers, Jiang Wu, Nan Xu, Yichu Wang, Wei Zhang, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Jinren Ni Jan 2021

Global Syndromes Induced By Changes In Solutes Of The World’S Large Rivers, Jiang Wu, Nan Xu, Yichu Wang, Wei Zhang, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Jinren Ni

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

AbstractSolute-induced river syndromes have grown in intensity in recent years. Here we investigate seven such river syndromes (salinization, mineralization, desalinization, acidification, alkalization, hardening, and softening) associated with global trends in major solutes (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−) and dissolved silica in the world’s large rivers (basin areas ≥ 1000 km2). A comprehensive dataset from 600 gauge stations in 149 large rivers reveals nine binary patterns of co-varying trends in runoff and solute concentration. Solute-induced river syndromes are associated with remarkable increases in total dissolved solids (68%), chloride (81%), sodium (86%) and sulfate (142%) fluxes from rivers to oceans …

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Robot For Harvesting Cauliflower, And The Cutting Of Cauliflowers, Taha Auzeeri Jan 2021

Robot For Harvesting Cauliflower, And The Cutting Of Cauliflowers, Taha Auzeeri

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The human arm bounded by soft tissues and muscles is capable of fast movement with high precision fidelity. And it is soft as it has muscles and other tissue. Nowadays, robots can do many human tasks. Robot arms are also becoming softer, to make them stronger and safer to use around humans while working in real-world environments. In this study, the focus is on a robot for harvesting cauliflower, and the cutting of cauliflowers in particular. The robotic platform is designed to reuse modular robotic components from other crops and/or different cauliflower varieties. The platform has two robot arms with …

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Tracing Learning Environment In Java Programming Language, Sarah Alhammad Jan 2021

Tracing Learning Environment In Java Programming Language, Sarah Alhammad

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The visualisation approach is one of the programming learning styles that has been taken into account in programming education. A collection of visualisation tools has emerged with the aim of assisting novice programmers in learning how to program. Each tool has its own set of features that may or may not be helpful in gaining a better understanding. The methods that we used in this study are focused on using memory referencing and visualisation to clarify what happens during individual program statement executions. Understanding the efficacy of current instructional resources is a critical component of gathering students' requirements and needs …

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Investigating Privacy And Security Of Cloud-Connected Autonomous Vehicles, Sahand B. Murad Jan 2021

Investigating Privacy And Security Of Cloud-Connected Autonomous Vehicles, Sahand B. Murad

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Autonomous cars are intelligent systems that can do Physical tasks without human interaction and are used in Industrial environments, transport, and the military, one of most powerful feature of this technology is that possess intelligent agents that can learn from their environment, furthermore, they have several sensors with connectivity between them. Nowadays most of the car manufacturer use autonomous features like lane-keeping, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), advance driver assistance system and automatic parking system resulting in a rapid increase in research of autonomous vehicles e.g. in 2004 and 2005 DARPA challenges for vehicles to autonomously navigate via desert terrain, moreover, …

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Dynamic Generation Of Spatial Referring Expressions For Social Robots, Christopher Wallbridge Jan 2021

Dynamic Generation Of Spatial Referring Expressions For Social Robots, Christopher Wallbridge

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Robots are an increasing part of our daily lives. As robots become more pervasive it is important that we are able to interact with them naturally. The field of Human Robot Interaction (HRI) seeks to improve interactions between human and robot. People spend many years in their childhood learning to communicate the locations of objects naturally to other people. When trying to communicate the location of objects, people generate under-specified statements and then generate further repair if necessary to guide the listener as part of an interactive dialogue. The focus in HRI up until now has been on trying to …

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Predictive Modeling Of Critical Temperatures In Superconducting Materials, Markus Hofmann, Natalia Sizochenko Jan 2021

Predictive Modeling Of Critical Temperatures In Superconducting Materials, Markus Hofmann, Natalia Sizochenko

Articles

n this study, we have investigated quantitative relationships between critical temperaturesof superconductive inorganic materials and the basic physicochemical attributes of these materials(also called quantitative structure-property relationships). We demonstrated that one of the mostrecent studies (titled "A data-driven statistical model for predicting the critical temperature of asuperconductor” and published in Computational Materials Science by K. Hamidieh in 2018) reportson models that were based on the dataset that contains 27% of duplicate entries. We aimed todeliver stable models for a properly cleaned dataset using the same modeling techniques (multiplelinear regression, MLR, and gradient boosting decision trees, XGBoost). The predictive ability ofour best …

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Strain-, Curvature- And Twist-Independent Temperature Sensor Based On A Small Air Core Hollow Core Fiber Structure, Dejun Liu, Wei Li, Qiang Wu, Fengzi Ling, Ke Tian, Changyu Shen, Fangfang Wei, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova, Pengfei Wang Jan 2021

Strain-, Curvature- And Twist-Independent Temperature Sensor Based On A Small Air Core Hollow Core Fiber Structure, Dejun Liu, Wei Li, Qiang Wu, Fengzi Ling, Ke Tian, Changyu Shen, Fangfang Wei, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova, Pengfei Wang

Articles

Cross-sensitivity (crosstalk) to multiple parameters is a serious but common issue for most sensors and can significantly decrease the usefulness and detection accuracy of sensors. In this work, a high sensitivity temperature sensor based on a small air core (10 µm) hollow core fiber (SACHCF) structure is proposed. Co-excitation of both anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) guiding mechanisms in transmission are demonstrated. It is found that the strain sensitivity of the proposed SACHCF structure is decreased over one order of magnitude when a double phase condition (destructive condition of MZI and resonant condition of ARROW) is …

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Monitoring Stem Cell Differentiation Using Raman Microspectroscopy: Chondrogenic Differentiation, Towards Cartilage Formation, Francesca Ravera, Esen Efeoglu, Hugh Byrne Jan 2021

Monitoring Stem Cell Differentiation Using Raman Microspectroscopy: Chondrogenic Differentiation, Towards Cartilage Formation, Francesca Ravera, Esen Efeoglu, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, the only cellular components of cartilage and are therefore ideal candidates for cartilage and tissue repair technologies. Chondrocytes are surrounded by cartilage-like extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex network rich in glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and collagen, which, together with a multitude of intracellular signalling molecules, trigger the chondrogenesis and allow the chondroprogenitor to acquire the spherical morphology of the chondrocytes. However, although the mechanisms of the differentiation of MSCs have been extensively explored, it has been difficult to provide a holistic picture of the process, in situ. Raman Micro Spectroscopy (RMS) …

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Food Contact Surfaces: Challenges, Legislation And Solutions, Shubham Sharma, Amit Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, Swarna Jaiswal Jan 2021

Food Contact Surfaces: Challenges, Legislation And Solutions, Shubham Sharma, Amit Jaiswal, Brendan Duffy, Swarna Jaiswal

Articles

Food contact surfaces (FCSs) include all surfaces that may come in contact with the food during production, processing, and packaging. Food processing industries encounter several challenges due to its microbial interaction with the FCSs, such as cross-contamination of pathogenic microorganisms or allergens in food, formation of biofilm, biodeterioration of food contact surface leads to food with reduced shelf-life and quality. A legal EU framework provides the fundamental postulates for the safety and inertness of all Food Contact Materials (FCMs). Legislations have an important role in providing regulatory guidance on the quality assurance systems and verifying their implementation as a means …

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Semiclassical Backreaction On Asymptotically Anti–De Sitter Black Holes, Peter Taylor, Cormac Breen Jan 2021

Semiclassical Backreaction On Asymptotically Anti–De Sitter Black Holes, Peter Taylor, Cormac Breen

Articles

We consider a quantum scalar field on the classical background of an asymptotically anti–de Sitter black hole and the backreaction the field’s stress-energy tensor induces on the black hole geometry. The backreaction is computed by solving the reduced-order semiclassical Einstein field equations sourced by simple analytical approximations for the renormalized expectation value of the scalar field stress-energy tensor. When the field is massless and conformally coupled, we adopt Page’s approximation to the renormalized stress-energy tensor, while for massive fields we adopt a modified version of the DeWitt-Schwinger approximation. The latter approximation must be modified so that it possesses the correct …

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Collaborations In Environmental Initiatives For An Effective Gover- Nance Of Social-Ecological Systems: What The Scientific Literature Suggests., Elena Andriollo, Alberto Caimo, Laura Secco, Elena Pisani Jan 2021

Collaborations In Environmental Initiatives For An Effective Gover- Nance Of Social-Ecological Systems: What The Scientific Literature Suggests., Elena Andriollo, Alberto Caimo, Laura Secco, Elena Pisani

Articles

Moving from the scientific literature on evaluation of environmental projects and programs, this study identifies how and under which conditions collaborations are considered effective for adaptive gover- nance of SES. The method adopted is a systematic literature review based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of 56 articles selected through specific queries on the SCOPUS database and published from 2004 to 2020. Results of the quantitative analysis underline conditions able to make collaborations effective for adaptive governance of SES: the importance of transdisciplinary research tackling both environmental and social sciences, the perceived urgency of stakeholders to tackle environmental challenges and …

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Sure 2021 Undergraduate Science Conference Booklet, Sure Network Jan 2021

Sure 2021 Undergraduate Science Conference Booklet, Sure Network

Group Reports

The SURE 2021 Conference was the fourth series of Science Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE) Conferences and second online conference, following earlier face to face series in 2018 (with three conferences in Dublin, Athlone and Waterford) and in 2019 (with three conferences in Dublin, Sligo and Carlow). The 2021 virtual online conference was hosted by Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT), TUS:MM (Athlone Institute of Technology) and Dundalk Institute of Technology (Dundalk IT) and featured 23 oral presentations and 48 poster presentations across three thematic streams/break out rooms on zoom. An interactive virtual poster session took place using …

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Does California’S Emfac2017 Vehicle Emissions Model Under-Predict California Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle Nox Emissions?, Gary A. Bishop Jan 2021

Does California’S Emfac2017 Vehicle Emissions Model Under-Predict California Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle Nox Emissions?, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

On-road remote sensing measurements of light and medium-duty gasoline vehicles collected within California’s South Coast Air Basin since 1999 generally fall within the range of observed summer ambient molar NOx/CO measurements collected during morning rush hours. Compared with ambient and on-road emissions, the California Air Resources Board EMFAC model under predicts 2018 gasoline vehicle NOx emission factors by more than a factor of 2.6. Contributing to these differences is that vehicles older than model year 2006 have NOx emission deterioration rates that are up to 4 time’s higher on-road than predicted by the EMFAC model. A …

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Virtual Tutor Personality In Computer Assisted Language Learning, Johanna Dobbriner, Cathy Ennis, Robert J. Ross Jan 2021

Virtual Tutor Personality In Computer Assisted Language Learning, Johanna Dobbriner, Cathy Ennis, Robert J. Ross

Conference papers

The use of intelligent virtual agents in language learning has increased in recent years. Studies into several aspects of personalisation aiming to increase user engagement are an ongoing research topic with avatar personality being one such aspect. As a step towards our development of intelligent virtual avatars, we present two of our initial experiments to explore differences in user interaction with two contrasting avatar personalities -- P1: open-minded, friendly and sociable and P2: closed-off, curt and distant. Each user interacted with a single personality in a video-call setting and gave feedback on the interaction. Our expectations, that P1 would be …

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Physiological Measurements For Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring In Train Drivers: Review Of The State Of The Art And Reframing The Problem, Bojana Bjegojevic, Maria Chiara Leva, Nora Balfe, Sam D. Cromie, Luca Longo Jan 2021

Physiological Measurements For Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring In Train Drivers: Review Of The State Of The Art And Reframing The Problem, Bojana Bjegojevic, Maria Chiara Leva, Nora Balfe, Sam D. Cromie, Luca Longo

Conference papers

The impact of fatigue on train drivers is one of the most important safety-critical issues in rail. It affects drivers’ performance, significantly contributing to railway incidents and accidents. To address the issue of real-time fatigue detection in drivers, most reliable and applicable psychophysiological indicators of fatigue need to be identified. Hence, this paper aims to examine and present the current state of the art in physiological measures for real-time fatigue monitoring that could be applied in the train driving context. Three groups of such measures are identified: EEG, eye-tracking and heart-rate measures. This is the first paper to provide the …

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