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2021

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A Review Of Sample Size And Design Efficacy In Crossover Design In Peer-Reviewed Psychology Research, Kyle Moxley Jan 2021

A Review Of Sample Size And Design Efficacy In Crossover Design In Peer-Reviewed Psychology Research, Kyle Moxley

Wayne State University Dissertations

A REVIEW OF SAMPLE SIZE AND DESIGN EFFICACY IN CROSSOVER DESIGN IN PEER-REVIEWED PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCHby KYLE C. MOXLEY November 2021 Advisor: Dr. Shlomo S. Sawilowsky Major: Education Evaluation and Research Degree: Doctor of Philosophy The present study seeks to investigate the efficacy of crossover research designs, and the application of crossover designs, in the field of behavioral sciences. Under ideal conditions, crossover designs are assumed to be more efficacious than parallel studies in that participants are given both treatments. However, the presence of carryover effects from treatments may influence outcomes (Jones & Kenward, 2014). To prevent carryover effects, researchers frequently …

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Methods For Ad Hoc And Conversational Entity Retrieval From Knowledge Graphs, Fedor Nikolaev Jan 2021

Methods For Ad Hoc And Conversational Entity Retrieval From Knowledge Graphs, Fedor Nikolaev

Wayne State University Dissertations

The recent years have witnessed the increase in popularity of knowledge graphs in various applications, such as information extraction and retrieval systems, and intelligent assistants. Traditionally, retrieval from knowledge graphs is performed by submitting queries in SPARQL, a rigid query language based on triple patterns and logical operations. In this work, we propose several approaches to ad hoc and conversational entity retrieval that transcend the limitations of this approach by allowing the user to either submit queries using natural language in an ad hoc retrieval setting or have a conversation with an intelligent retrieval system by asking a series of …

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A Review Of Measuring Ecosystem Resilience To Disturbance, Chuixiang Yi, Nathan Jackson Jan 2021

A Review Of Measuring Ecosystem Resilience To Disturbance, Chuixiang Yi, Nathan Jackson

Publications and Research

Resilience is the central concept for understanding how an ecosystem responds to a strong perturbation, and is related to other concepts used to analyze system properties in the face of change such as resistance, recovery, sustainability, vulnerability, stability, adaptive capacity, regime shift, and tipping point. It is extremely challenging to formulate resilience thinking into practice. The current state-of-art approaches of assessing ecosystem resilience may be useful for policy makers and ecosystem resource managers to minimize climatological or natural disaster related impacts. Here, we review the methods of assessing resilience and classify and limit them to three cases: (1) forest resilience …

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Temperature Variance Portends And Indicates The Extent Of Abrupt Climate Shifts, Christine Ramadhin, Chuixiang Yi, George Hendrey Jan 2021

Temperature Variance Portends And Indicates The Extent Of Abrupt Climate Shifts, Christine Ramadhin, Chuixiang Yi, George Hendrey

Publications and Research

Here, we show a discernable increase in temperature variance before a glacial termination by both the Ansari-Bradley test and the moving variance methods plus introduce the idea that there is a correlation between the peak variance and peak temperature increase. The behavior of temperature variance shows potential as a useful tool in analyzing time series data of Earth systems to assess the risk and extent of an upcoming abrupt climate transition.

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Authentic Stem Research, Practices Of Science, And Interest Development In An Informal Science Education Program, Bobby Habig, Preeti Gupta Jan 2021

Authentic Stem Research, Practices Of Science, And Interest Development In An Informal Science Education Program, Bobby Habig, Preeti Gupta

Publications and Research

Background: Two critical challenges in science education are how to engage students in the practices of science and how to develop and sustain interest. The goal of this study was to examine the extent to which high school youth, the majority of whom are members of racial and ethnic groups historically underrepresented in STEM, learn the skills and practices of science and in turn develop interest in conducting scientific research as part of their career pursuits. To accomplish this goal, we applied Hidi and Renninger’s well-tested theoretical framework for studying interest development in the context of a museum-based, informal science …

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Potential Solar Replacement Of Hydroelectricity To Reopen Rivers: Maine As A Case Example, Shailesh Sharma, John Waldman Jan 2021

Potential Solar Replacement Of Hydroelectricity To Reopen Rivers: Maine As A Case Example, Shailesh Sharma, John Waldman

Publications and Research

Hydroelectricity provides 6% of U.S. electrical power needs, but hydro-dams also cause environmental harm, including the retardation or complete blockage of spawning runs of anadromous fishes. To facilitate fish movements, engineered-fishways have long been used but many have performed poorly. Dam-removal is the most effective way of restoring dwindling migratory fish populations by allowing unrestricted pathways to their spawning areas and for the downstream migrations of post-spawning adults and juveniles. However, removals of hydro-dams result in a loss of electricity production. For the replacement of energy foregone from hydro-dam removals, various alternative energy installations are now feasible. We present one-to-one …

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Improving Student Attitudes Towards Stem Education By Building Self-Efficacy Through Robotics Education, Kevin Obillo Jan 2021

Improving Student Attitudes Towards Stem Education By Building Self-Efficacy Through Robotics Education, Kevin Obillo

Theses and Dissertations

The United States must grow its science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) trained workforce in order to fill the jobs projected to be in demand. One of the ways in which this can be done is to tap into the vast population of minorities and women who are underrepresented in the STEM fields. The United States has been looking for ways to improve STEM participation in these groups for many years now, through outreach, legislation and innovative academic programs. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact that a robotics education enrichment program had on elementary, predominantly Latinx …

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New Travel Time Reliability Methodology For Urban Arterial Corridors, Ernest Tufuor, Laurence Rilett Jan 2021

New Travel Time Reliability Methodology For Urban Arterial Corridors, Ernest Tufuor, Laurence Rilett

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

The need for reliable performance measures of urban arterial corridors is increasing because of the rise in traffic congestion and the high value of users’ travel time. Consequently, travel time reliability (TTR), which attempts to capture the day-to-day variability in travel times, has recently received considerable research interest. The basis of all TTR metrics is the underlying travel time distribution (TTD) along the given link or corridor. Estimating and forecasting arterial corridor TTDs for TTR analysis is the focus of this paper. This paper proposes a TTR methodology that addresses some of the limitations of the current U.S. state-of-the-art methodology …

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Improving Operational Short- To Medium-Range (Sr2mr) Streamflow Forecasts In The Upper Zambezi Basin And Its Sub-Basins Using Variational Ensemble Forecasting, Rodrigo Valdés-Pineda, Juan B. Valdés, Sungwook Wi, Aleix Serrat-Capdevila, Tirthankar Roy Jan 2021

Improving Operational Short- To Medium-Range (Sr2mr) Streamflow Forecasts In The Upper Zambezi Basin And Its Sub-Basins Using Variational Ensemble Forecasting, Rodrigo Valdés-Pineda, Juan B. Valdés, Sungwook Wi, Aleix Serrat-Capdevila, Tirthankar Roy

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

The combination of Hydrological Models and high-resolution Satellite Precipitation Products (SPPs) or regional Climatological Models (RCMs), has provided the means to establish baselines for the quantification, propagation, and reduction in hydrological uncertainty when generating streamflow forecasts. This study aimed to improve operational real-time streamflow forecasts for the Upper Zambezi River Basin (UZRB), in Africa, utilizing the novel Variational Ensemble Forecasting (VEF) approach. In this regard, we describe and discuss the main steps required to implement, calibrate, and validate an operational hydrologic forecasting system (HFS) using VEF and Hydrologic Processing Strategies (HPS). The operational HFS was constructed to monitor daily streamflow …

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Polyester-Pamam “Janus-Type” Linear-Dendritic Blockopolymers (Ldbcs) As Next Generation Biomaterials, Indika Chandrasiri Jan 2021

Polyester-Pamam “Janus-Type” Linear-Dendritic Blockopolymers (Ldbcs) As Next Generation Biomaterials, Indika Chandrasiri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nanomedicine is defined as the application of knowledge and tools of nanotechnology for disease treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, delivery, and sensing. Rapid advances in polymer chemistry and nanotechnology have led to an extensive development of polymeric-based therapeutic systems for nanomedical applications. Compared to traditional molecular-based therapies, polymers facilitate a higher level of versatility and functionality, such as simultaneous imaging and delivery. In particular, amphiphilic diblock copolymers and their self-assemblies have shown apparent success in nanomedicine owing to their ability to provide narrow molar mass distributions and highly ordered nanoscale multimolecular aggregates, including micelles and vesicles. However, engineering these polymeric materials to …

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An Applied Research On Promoting Proficiency In Fourth-Grade Reading, Deirdre Huntley Jan 2021

An Applied Research On Promoting Proficiency In Fourth-Grade Reading, Deirdre Huntley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This applied research study was conducted to promote proficiency in fourth-grade reading. There was a need for improvement in fourth-grade reading after receiving data from the school and state assessments. The study examined the implementation of specific reading and vocabulary strategies, student interventions, strengthening of teacher-student relationships, and encouraging student motivation to help students become proficient in understanding what the students were reading. Student diagnostic results and teacher interviews were utilized in this study. The findings revealed students were demonstrating advancement in reading comprehension. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the school building was closed in March of 2020 which impacted …

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Prototypically American: The Influence Of Accent And Race On Hiring Evaluations, Tuong-Vy Cac Nguyen Jan 2021

Prototypically American: The Influence Of Accent And Race On Hiring Evaluations, Tuong-Vy Cac Nguyen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In a globalized world, individuals are more likely to travel or migrate between countries; thus, we may encounter more individuals who speak with an accent that is unfamiliar. Accents can serve as a social cue that conveys information about the speakers’ background and national origin. It is a particularly important perceptual cue in the workplace because accented individuals are perceived to be lower in status and competence. The current study attempted to replicate prior findings on accents; disentangle race and accent; and extend the literature on accent by examining the target’s perceived prototypicality of Americanness. Across three studies (N = …

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Analysis Of Bundle Protocol With Turbo Code, Babita Pradhan Jan 2021

Analysis Of Bundle Protocol With Turbo Code, Babita Pradhan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bundle protocol is one of the main protocols for data transfer in delay/disruption networking characterized by the long delay, frequent disruption, intermittent connectivity, andhigh error rates. Using a store and forward technique, bundle protocol stores the application data by dividing it into smaller bundles locally at each node and then forwards it to the next node when access is available. Usually, it operates as an overlay network by staying on top of any other networking architecture. As one of the main protocols for delay/disruption networking, many studies have analyzed its performance. This thesis analyzes the bundle protocol’s performance in terms …

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Advancements Toward Sustainable Solar Fuel Production Utilizing Reductive Homogeneous Electro- And Photocatalysis, Hunter Pratt Shirley Jan 2021

Advancements Toward Sustainable Solar Fuel Production Utilizing Reductive Homogeneous Electro- And Photocatalysis, Hunter Pratt Shirley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Molecular CO2 and H+ reductive catalysts, whether they be electro- or photocatalytic, have been shown to be possible routes of harnessing solar energy in a clean, renewable manner. There are few electrocatalysts operating at reasonable overpotentials to prove useful in artificial photosynthetic systems, and there are a number of environmental factors within these systems that have yet to be evaluated. Photo-driven catalysis is rare, difficult to control, and rarely provides high-value CO2 reduction products. I report herein an exceptionally low overpotential H+ reduction catalyst, a method of modulating electrocatalysts in-situ to improve performance, a first-of-its-kind mononuclear proton reduction photocatalyst, a …

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Application Of Passive Air Samplers For Atmospheric Research, And Determination Of Metals In Tree Rings And Marine Sapropel By Icp-Ms, Byunggwon Jeon Jan 2021

Application Of Passive Air Samplers For Atmospheric Research, And Determination Of Metals In Tree Rings And Marine Sapropel By Icp-Ms, Byunggwon Jeon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on studies of atmospheric mercury (Hg) using passive air samplers (PAS) and studies of trace elements in tree cores and sediment using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mercury is a toxic element that is dispersed globally through the atmosphere. Accurately measuring airborne Hg concentrations aids understanding of the pollutant’s sources, distribution, cycling, and trends. Mercury PAS are designed to capture gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) at a known rate. Compared to active air sampling the low-cost of PAS allows for greater spatial coverage. We used a commercially available Hg PAS (MerPAS®) and observed differences in GEM between …

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Electromagnetic Survey Design Using Artifical Neural Networks, Shariful Islam Sharif Jan 2021

Electromagnetic Survey Design Using Artifical Neural Networks, Shariful Islam Sharif

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Acquiring geophysical information requires selection of the geophysical method based upon the defining physical property and a survey design with adequate resolution but cost effective based upon the size of the area to be surveyed. The objective of this study is to use artificial neural nets (ANNs) to design an optimal survey. The developed approach is tested for the case of soil pipe surveying using electromagnetics. Soil pipes are tortuous voids located within 1.5 m depth of the ground surface. They trend perpendicular to the slope and have cross-sectional dimensions on the order of millimeters to tens of centimeters. The …

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Nonreciprocity Applications In Acoustics And Microfluidic Systems, Masoud Naghdi Jan 2021

Nonreciprocity Applications In Acoustics And Microfluidic Systems, Masoud Naghdi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Breaking reciprocity in linear acoustic systems and designing a novel actuator for the nonreciprocal valveless pumps are studied in this dissertation. The first part was started by deriving the acoustic governing equations in a moving wave propagation medium. It was shown thatthe Coriolis acceleration term appears ina cross-product term with the wave vector. It means the main reason for breaking reciprocity in the circular fluid flow is the Coriolis acceleration term. Finally, the governing equations were solved numerically by COMSOL Multiphysics software. Moreover, Green`s second identity was used as a complimentary method to prove breaking reciprocityin such a system with …

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Applications Of Hot-Melt Extrusion (Hme) Technology And Investigation Of A Screening Tool For Hme, Gauri Deepak Shadambikar Jan 2021

Applications Of Hot-Melt Extrusion (Hme) Technology And Investigation Of A Screening Tool For Hme, Gauri Deepak Shadambikar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hot-melt extrusion (HME), an adaptable technology, has established its position in manufacturing operations like amorphous solid dispersions, immediate and controlled oral formulations, implants and taste masked products. In recent years the industrial focus has shifted towards continuous manufacturing, thus HME is being explored for new applications. The aim of this research was to investigate the novel applications of HME by carrying out an in-depth study to understand the interaction between the process and product and to investigate a screening tool for its small-scale formulation and development.As HME consumes large amount of samples during the developmental phase, we investigated a screening …

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Kindergarten Readiness Through The Lens Of Parent Perspective, Ashley Barrows Goralczyk Jan 2021

Kindergarten Readiness Through The Lens Of Parent Perspective, Ashley Barrows Goralczyk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study utilized a phenomenological approach to explore parent perspectives about kindergarten readiness. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 parents from a public preschool whose children were about to start kindergarten. The parents’ own kindergarten experiences were discussed as well as their perspectives and beliefs about what kindergarten readiness means as it relates to the preparation for and transition into kindergarten. Interview transcripts were analytically coded resulting in findings that were authentic and specific related to personal kindergarten recollections, kindergarten preparedness practices, and assumptions about preschool used as a kindergarten preparation tool. Findings answered the research questions providing specificity about …

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On The Variance In Selberg’S Central Limit Theorem Dissertation, Meghann Moriah Lugar Jan 2021

On The Variance In Selberg’S Central Limit Theorem Dissertation, Meghann Moriah Lugar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Number theorists have made great progress in understanding the distribution of the prime numbers by studying properties of the Riemann zeta-function. A celebrated and classical result of Selberg is that the real and imaginary parts of the logarithm of Riemann zeta-function are normally distributed on the critical line. Selberg proved this using the method of moments. It is known that any model of the logarithm of the Riemann zeta-function near the critical line requires input from the primes and the zeros of the zeta function. We refine Selberg's calculation for the variance of the real part of the logarithm of …

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Analysis Of Trends And Effects Of Lifestyle Behaviors Related To Obesity Among Older Adults: Findings From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) Between 2005-2018, Xi Jin Jan 2021

Analysis Of Trends And Effects Of Lifestyle Behaviors Related To Obesity Among Older Adults: Findings From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) Between 2005-2018, Xi Jin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Obesity in older adults is a public health challenge in the United States and many regions of the world. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) ranging between 2005-2006 to 2017-2018 to examine associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity, and identify trends and contributions of lifestyle behaviors in older adults. A total of 5,812 participants in a body mass index (BMI)- based obesity group and 5,655 participants in a waist circumference (WC)-based obesity group were selected for association and trend analyses. Logistic regression was applied to estimate the associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity. …

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Can Nostalgia Defend Against Stereotype Threat?, Justin Leroy Thibault-Anderson Jan 2021

Can Nostalgia Defend Against Stereotype Threat?, Justin Leroy Thibault-Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Stereotype threat causes individuals to perform worse on tasks when they are made aware of a task-relevant negative stereotype for a group to which they belong. Prior research has demonstrated that this effect has been alleviated by using a number of methods including changing test context or bolstering the stereotyped group. One method of bolstering the threatened group is through a self-affirmation of preferred character traits. Nostalgia is a sentimental longing for the past, which has been shown to provide many benefits to an individual, both personally and socially. Research has shown that when told to recall a nostalgic memory, …

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Dynamic Characterization Of Bio-Inspired Functionally Graded Polymer Infused Metallic Foams For Blast And Impact Hazard Mitigation, Damian Stoddard Jan 2021

Dynamic Characterization Of Bio-Inspired Functionally Graded Polymer Infused Metallic Foams For Blast And Impact Hazard Mitigation, Damian Stoddard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Current vehicular crashworthy systems and body armor designs are effective in protecting personnel and equipment from disaster due to their energy absorbing characteristics. However, little is understood about how to replicate naturally occurring designs through man-made techniques, and the role of functional grading to further improve the performance of such protective systems. This research investigates an advanced material system analogous to a bio-inspired functionally graded material that will serve as a protective system for the mitigation of dynamic events such as low-velocity impact and/or blast loading.

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Forecasting The Construction Expenditure Cash Flow For Transportation Design-Build Projects With A Case-Based Reasoning Model, Yunping Liang, Baabak Ashuri, Mingshu Li Jan 2021

Forecasting The Construction Expenditure Cash Flow For Transportation Design-Build Projects With A Case-Based Reasoning Model, Yunping Liang, Baabak Ashuri, Mingshu Li

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Accurately forecasting the construction expenditure cash flow of transportation projects is critical for state departments of transportation (state DOTs) to secure sufficient funding to cover their fiscal obligations throughout the project development timeline. However, there is no quantitative model to assist state DOTs in accurately forecasting expenditure cash flows for design-build projects. At the outset of awarding a typical design-build contract, the design has not been finalized to enable exact quantities for a detailed cost estimate. This issue represents a big difference between design-build and design-bid-build projects that makes estimating the project payouts more difficult for design-build projects. This research …

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News From Hope College, Volume 53.2: Winter, 2021, Hope College Jan 2021

News From Hope College, Volume 53.2: Winter, 2021, Hope College

News from Hope College

No abstract provided.

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Games In Environmental Sustainability Education, Shamila Janakiraman Jan 2021

Games In Environmental Sustainability Education, Shamila Janakiraman

Indiana STEM Education Conference

Sustainability education must not stop with creating awareness, it should promote mindfulness, be persuasive, and also adapt to the needs of young learners (Janakiraman et al., 2018). Knowledge, when provided as an activity and experience that is situated in scenarios, will help learners develop situated understandings (Gee, 2008). In environmental sustainability education (ESE), digital games can serve as effective pedagogical tools because they can encourage exploration and experimentation when teachers and parents use them purposefully. This brief examines the following questions: (a) Were there any differences in the environmental attitudes between students who played a game and students who did …

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Use Of Free And Open-Source Software Apps Provide Many Benefits For College Students, Jeffrey A. Nowak Jan 2021

Use Of Free And Open-Source Software Apps Provide Many Benefits For College Students, Jeffrey A. Nowak

Indiana STEM Education Conference

Free and Open-Source software apps along with free Linux-based distributions of operating systems have developed at a blistering pace over the past decade. Today more than ever before, it is possible for students to download and use free software to complete a plethora of complex tasks related to educational pursuits. This paper considers the impact of allowing students to explore the use of more than a dozen cross-platform, free, and open-source software apps to complete STEM-related tasks in a University preservice education course. The core cross-platform apps install in Windows 10, macOS, and various Linux distributed operating systems. In addition, …

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Gems Research Projects, Elizabeth Suazo-Flores, Lili Zhou, Sue Ellen Richardson Jan 2021

Gems Research Projects, Elizabeth Suazo-Flores, Lili Zhou, Sue Ellen Richardson

Indiana STEM Education Conference

Informal learning spaces offer leaders and learners opportunities to develop their STEM identities and practices (e.g., Shokeen et al., 2020; Simpson et al., 2017). GEMS (Girls Excelling in Math and Science) is an after-school program where girls have had opportunities to be themselves while engaging with STEM activities. We present preliminary results of three research projects. By studying GEMS as a case of informal learning, we are learning about the possible benefits of such environments to 1) broaden views of mathematics and 2) support the development of learners’ STEM identities.

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The Impact Of Teacher Talk On Student Engagement During An Integrated Stem Unit, Valarie Bogan Jan 2021

The Impact Of Teacher Talk On Student Engagement During An Integrated Stem Unit, Valarie Bogan

Indiana STEM Education Conference

This study used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to investigate the effect of teacher talk on the engagement of students in target groups during an integrated STEM unit. Each student in the target groups responded to the teacher talk in a unique way. The results of this study do not fully support the results of prior research because the engagement of only one of the eight target students was affected by the autonomy supportive talk of the teacher during the unit.

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How Does An Integrated Stem Life Sciences Unit Affect Middle School Students' Engagement And Science Content Knowledge?, Zeynep Gonca Akdemir, Muhsin Menekse, Saira Anwar, Siddika Selcen Guzey Jan 2021

How Does An Integrated Stem Life Sciences Unit Affect Middle School Students' Engagement And Science Content Knowledge?, Zeynep Gonca Akdemir, Muhsin Menekse, Saira Anwar, Siddika Selcen Guzey

Indiana STEM Education Conference

This study explored the effect of an integrated engineering design-based life sciences unit on middle school students' engagement and science content knowledge, and the role of engagement in predicting their success. Participants were 530 seventh-grade students from rural schools in the Midwest region of the United States. Data included science content pre- and post-assessments and a multidimensional engagement survey. The data were analyzed by conducting paired-sample t-tests and multiple regression analysis. Results indicated that students' social engagement increased when they engaged in an integrated engineering design-based life science curriculum unit. Also, students’ pre-assessment scores were found to be the …

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