Digital Commons Network^™

Mitigating The Spread Of Measles Under Constrained Health Care Resources In Tanzania Using Social Contact Network Models, Herieth Rwezaura, Seán Mcgarraghy

Tanzania Journal of Science

Tanzania revaccinates individuals during measles outbreaks, despite having scant healthcare resources. We construct epidemiological models of measles spread by employing a hybrid of existing social contact networks models to develop SEIR simulation model. Using demographic and measles surveillance data from three rural villages in Tanzania, we simulate the spread of measles and examine which vaccination strategies can effectively control outbreaks. Results strongly indicate the spread of measles largely depends on contact rates among infected individuals within a population. Findings indicate a need for targeted vaccination for children of 6 months to 15 years of age, but equally for unvaccinated older …

Long Term Observation Of The Grassland Vegetation Used Intensively Or Extensively And Ecologically, H.-D. Matthes, J. Matthes, W. Jentsch, V. Pastushenko

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The aim of the present paper was to study alterations of the grassland flora from 55 plots following a more extensive management under long term observation within 6 years. Extensification of grassland use leads to an increase of the numbers of plant species by 32%, “Red-list-species” included. The moisture number of the soils slightly increased and the reaction and nitrogen numbers decreased. Results are presented for different vegetation units.

Influence Of Extensive Management On Botanical Composition Of Permanent Meadow Sward, K. Mlynarczyk, E. Korona, E. Marks

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The aim of undertaken investigations was to find the possibilities of grassland management with special respect to the biodiversity and the landscape conservation. Changes in botanical composition of the meadow sward against a background of different mowing utilization were examined on the semi-natural meadows situated on the peat-mursh soil in Masurian Landscape Park (north-east Poland). The areas mown with biennial pause and completely turned off from uses followed gradual simplifying of species composition and increasing of bog species participation. Results show on advisability of passing one harvest each year or with one-year pauses.

Vegetation Changes In Sown Grassland In The Uk After Nine Years Of Extensive Grazing Management, C. A. Marriott, G. T. Barthram

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect of extensive grazing management with sheep on vegetation change in sown pastures (initially containing Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens) in the uplands of Scotland was investigated from 1990-1999. One treatment was representative of current more intensive management systems; it was fertilized, and maintained at a sward surface height of 4 cm. Two treatments were unfertilized and were maintained at sward surface heights of 4 cm or 8 cm; the ewe numbers carried on these treatments averaged 74% and 44%, respectively, of those on the fertilized treatment. In all treatments the sheep were Scottish Blackface ewes. Their single …

The Influence Of Rising Atmospheric Co2 On Grassland Ecosystems, J. A. Morgan, P. C. D. Newton, J. Nösberger, C. E. Owensby

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and climatic change will have significant effects on the ecology of grasslands. This paper evaluates results from four CO₂ enrichment studies in contrasting grasslands. A Swiss study investigates the effects of elevated CO₂ (600 μL L^-1 CO₂) on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L), a New Zealand study examines how elevated CO₂ (475 μL L^-1 CO₂) affects a botanically diverse pasture, and studies in the Kansas tallgrass prairie and the Colorado shortgrass steppe investigate the effects of an approximate …

Qbd Based Design And Characterization Of Proniosomal Transdermal Delivery Of Atenolol And Glibenclamide Combination: An Innovative Approach, P Anitha, S. Ramkanth, S. V. Satyanarayana

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

There are numerous circumstances where chronic disease is associated with other disorders, especially in diseases like diabetes with noncommunicable disease risk factors, such as hypertension. This study shows a novel and innovative combinational proniosomal delivery of combination to beat the reactions by complex therapeutic regimen, and to improve patient compliance after controlling combinational transdermal delivery of Glibenclamide (GLB) and Atenolol (ATN) which have not been tried actually. To achieve the above reason, proniosomes were prepared and optimized utilizing Box-Behnken design. The ideal formulation was chosen by a point prediction method and formulation showed vesicle size of 562 ± 1.223 nm, …

Smart Building Energy Model Using Artificial Intelligence, Riad El Abed, Mohamed El-Gohary

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This paper presents a Smart Building Energy Model of Residential Building using Artificial Neural Network model (ANN) to assist architects and engineers in selecting the optimum alternative design of building envelope parameters such that external wall and roof insulation material types and window types that minimizes the cost of energy consumption of a residential building to transform it to a green building.

Up to 1540 Simulations using different material thickness and conductivity values of material insulation properties and windows types are carried out in eQuest software for simulation.. The simulations results are implemented to create an artificial neural network inverse …

A Novel Arabic Corpus For Text Classification Using Deep Learning And Word Embedding, Roua A. Abou Khachfeh, Islam El Kabani, Ziad Osman

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Over the last years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Arabic language has obtained increasing importance due to the massive textual information available online in an unstructured text format, and its capability in facilitating and making information retrieval easier. One of the widely used NLP task is “Text Classification”. Its goal is to employ machine learning technics to automatically classify the text documents into one or more predefined categories. An important step in machine learning is to find suitable and large data for training and testing an algorithm. Moreover, Deep Learning (DL), the trending machine learning research, requires a lot of …

A Poisson-Akash Inrar(1) Model For Over Dispersed Count Time Series, Emmanuel W. Okereke, Sunday N. Gideon

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

In this paper, a Poisson-Akash INAR(1) model was proposed in order to improve on the modelling of overdispersed stationary count time series. The estimators of the parameters of the model were derived using the Yule-Walker (YW) method and the conditional least squares (CLS) method. An expression for the conditional log-likelihood and the r-step ahead forecast were obtained for the model. Three overdispersed nonseasonal stationary count time series were modelled to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model as well as its capacity to outperform the competing INAR (1) models in modelling overdispersed stationary count time series and the result showed …

Walking Diagonally: A Simple Proof Of Countability Of The Set Of All Finite Subsets Of Naturals, Miroslav Kures

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The countability of the set of finite subsets of natural numbers is derived. In addition to the derivation itself, the use of diagonal method is illustratively presented; thinking about infinite sets relate to the name of Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp Cantor, the creator of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics. The proof of the claim is original, although the theorem is an analogy with the famous theorem about the countability of rational numbers. A certain insight into the subsets of natural numbers is given. Anyway, the technique could be considered already at high school level as …

Role Of Technological Revolution In Transport And Communications Development, Mohamad B. Chami

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The arousal of technology has changed a lot of aspects in human life and has drastically changed its path through a revolution that changed the whole world. This revolution took place in various aspects while affecting significantly the global economy and from those fields that considerably affect the life of human beings in the previous and current centuries are Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and transportation. It is these two factors that play a major role in the economy of countries and dominate the lives of societies in the world. Thus, this paper studies the impact of the technology revolution …

The Inhibition Activity Of Tert-Butylhydroquinone Towards Corrosion Of Aluminum, Copper And Stainless Steel In Biodiesel Blend B20 Alternative Fuel, Chaza Joumaa, Ibtissam Saad, Ghassan Younes

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) has been investigated as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum; copper and stainless steel in biodiesel blend B20 by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The results showed that the inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in the concentration of TBHQ but decreases with increasing temperature from 30℃ to 60℃. A maximum inhibition efficiency of about 61.52% for aluminum was recorded for THBQ in biodiesel blend B20 at temperature 30℃ and at a concentration of 4x10^-6 M which is the lowest concentration used compared to the concentrations of TBHQ used for the other metals (copper and stainless steel). Theoretical …

Physical And Magnetic Properties Of Nanosized Mn0.5ni0.5¬Fe2-Xprxo4 Prepared By Co-Precipitation Method, Douaa El-Said Bakeer, Khulud Habanjar, Ghassan Youness, Mohammad Abou Ghoush

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Nanosized Mn_0.5Ni_0.5Fe_2-xPr_xO₄, x=0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1 and 0.15 are prepared by co-precipitation method at calcination temperature 650^oC for 4 hours. X-ray diffraction patterns show the presence of the cubic (Mn-Ni)- ferrite phase and anti-ferromagnetic a-Fe₂O₃. The variation in the lattice parameter “a” is due to the replacement of smaller radius ions Fe⁺³ by larger radius ions Pr⁺³. Transmission electron micrographs indicate that the particles are spherical in shape. The moderately agglomerated particles are present due to the …

The Yi-Jing Cosmic Model As A Framework For Comparative Philosophy, Harry Donkers

Comparative Philosophy

Based on the symbolism of the trigrams, the Yi-Jing cosmic model offers possibilities in a coordinate system with eight octants to discuss different philosophical developments in parallel. It forms a framework for further elaboration of theory and methodology of comparative philosophy. This paper is restricted to extracting, analyzing and comparing common features from the perspectives of the Yi-Jing model. Achieving harmony is the subject of a new paper under construction. The philosophical developments in the quadrants, Naturalism, Moralism, Rationalism and Humanism, are characterized by a fundamental difference between subject and object. This difference remains intact in the octants, but specified …

Appearance And Momentariness: The Nature Of Being Between Nāgārjuna, The Sarvāstivādins And Neo-Parmenidism, Federico Divino

Comparative Philosophy

In this article I will try to demonstrate the existence of points in common between the eternalist instances of Parmenidean philosophy and the Buddhist formulations made by some parts of the Abhidhamma, Nāgārjuna, and the Sarvāstivādins. These three philosophies have numerous points in common with Emanuele Severino’s formulations from the point of view of what is defined as neo-Parmenidism. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the points in common between these systems of thought are due to a basic affinity which, despite having led them to emphasize different themes, present similar reasoning and logical consequences, which allow …

Elevated Co2 Enhances Productivity And The C/N Ratio Of Grasses In The Colorado Shortgrass Steppe, J. A. Morgan, A. R. Mosier, D. R. Lecain, W. J. Parton, D. G. Milchunas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Atmospheric CO₂ concentrations have been increasing since the industrial revolution, and are projected to double within this century over today's concentration of 360 µmol mol^-1 . This study used six open-top chambers in the Colorado, USA shortgrass steppe to investigate how increasing CO₂ will affect productivity and C and N status of indigenous perennial grasses and forbs. From March until October, chambers were placed on two plots in each of the three blocks. In each block, one chamber was assigned an ambient CO₂ treatment (~360 µmol mol^-1), the other an elevated CO₂ treatment …

Rangeland Desertification In China, Wang Tao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Land desertification is one of the most serious environmental and social-economic problems in the North China. The processes of desertification mainly have being controlled by the interaction of human activities and fragile eco-environment, that means the pattern and intension of landuse are major factors for development or reverse of desertification. Because of the increasing pressure of population, the rangeland in the North China has being cultivated decade by decade, which changed landuse from grassing to cropping in a large area and destroyed the natural vegetation cover. The result is to let the wind erosion become easier and the desertification has …

Grasslands, Communicating The Benefits, D. Keeney

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The multiple benefits of perennial agriculture , including forages and grasslands, for building soil quality, protection of natural resources, enhancement of biodiversity and wildlife, are well known to us, but little understood by the public. This is not a situation where “more education” would necessarily increase recognition. Rather, we must build in the public a desire for the enhancement of green space, clean water and air, and diverse landscapes that multiple purpose agriculture can bring. We seek such environments intuitively and now that much of the world’s people are “trapped” in urban settings of steel and concrete, this desire is …

Analysis Of General And Special Physical Training Of Qualified Greco-Roman Wrestlers, Eldor Tolibjonovich Rakhmonov

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Aim: Study and analysis of the features of general and special physical training of qualified Greco-Roman wrestlers.

Methods: The level of development of physical qualities and motor skills of Greco-Roman wrestlers, ensuring the effective performance of combinatorial movements in competitions, was determined using test methods compiled with special exercises that allow determining the level of general and special physical training. Also in the course of the study, the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, questionnaires, mathematical statistics were widely used.

Results: In the control group, it was found that the average relative difference between the general and specific …

Methods Of Development Of Coordination Abilities Of Young Rhytmic Gymnasts, Manzura Davronbekovna Ortikova

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: to scientifically substantiate the effectiveness of the methodology for developing the coordination abilities of 5-7-year-old artists at the stage of preliminary basic training.

Methods: Analysis of materials of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical analysis, questionnaire analysis.

The basis of the methodology for the development of coordination abilities specific for young gymnats was the elements and complexes of exercises for the development of the speed of a motor reaction, complex coordination movements, visual memory, attention, performed in various changing conditions;

-variation of dynamic, temporal and spatial characteristics of movements;

-introduction of unusual starting positions; …

The Future Of International Trade Governance In A Protectionist World: Theorizing Wto Negotiating Perspectives, Julien Chaisse, Debashis Chakraborty

Washington International Law Journal

The current United States Administration will face considerable challenges in the key areas of international trade law and policy. To understand the future international trade architecture for the coming decade, including in the World Trade Organization (WTO), it is essential to understand the drivers of key trade strategies in leading economies. This article explains the reasons why and the extent to which the negotiating perspective of a country (multilateral and regional) is determined by its ability to penetrate in global value chains (GVCs), embrace tariff reforms, and face the trade balance consequences. These abilities may in turn influence a country’s …

Evaluating Technology-Mediated Collaborative Workflows For Telehealth, Christopher Bondy Ph.D., Pengcheng Shi, Pamela Grover Md, Vicki Hanson, Linlin Chen, Rui Li

Articles

Goals: This paper discusses the need for a predictable method to evaluate gains and gaps of collaborative technology-mediated workflows and introduces an evaluation framework to address this need. Methods: The Collaborative Space Analysis Framework (CS-AF), introduced in this research, is a cross-disciplinary evaluation method designed to evaluate technology-mediated collaborative workflows. The 5-step CS-AF approach includes: (1) current-state workflow definition, (2) current-state (baseline) workflow assessment, (3) technology-mediated workflow development and deployment, (4) technology-mediated workflow assessment, (5) analysis, and conclusions. For this research, a comprehensive, empirical study of hypertension exam workflow for telehealth was conducted using the CS-AF approach. Results: The CS-AF …

A Portrait Of The Gender Gap In Stem: A Focus On Identity Formation Among Final-Year Undergraduate Students In Tanzania, Mjege Kinyota

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study investigates whether male and female students differ with respect to their STEM identity, and how female students negotiate between being female and being students pursuing careers that are perceived as masculine. The study uses a sequential explanatory mixed method design. A total of 749 final year STEM students from three Tanzanian universities participated in a survey that investigated STEM identity using six sub-scales: identity prominence, gender identity, stereotype endorsement, self-efficacy, persistence intentions, and positive feedback. Also, 19 females were interviewed as a follow-up exploration. Findings indicated a significant difference on stereotype endorsement only, where males significantly held negative …

Determination Of Discharge Coefficient For Both Semicircular And Triangular Labyrinth Weirs, Tara H. Aurahman, Jehan M. Fattah Sheikh Suleimany, Taban K. Hamad

Polytechnic Journal

A Labyrinth weir is a type of nonlinear weir folded in plan-view, with the ability to pass a large flow at low heads due to an increase in the effective length of the weir crest for a given channel width. The discharge coefficients (Cd) were experimentally determined for both semicircular and triangular labyrinth weirs of varying sidewall angles (α) under free-flow conditions using eight physical models. Dimensional analyses are conducted using the Buckingham π theorem to find the dependent and non-dependent variables. A nonlinear empirical equation was developed using (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22) software. The findings show …

The Effect Of The Teaching Method On Developing Attention And Learning The Skill Of Preparing From The Top In Volleyball, Muhanned Soori, Tahreer Soori

Modern Sport

The study aimed to prepare an educational curriculum according to the method of training teaching in developing focus of attention and learning the skill of preparation from the top in volleyball, and to identify the effect of the training method of teaching in developing attention concentration and learning the skill of preparing from the top in volleyball. The researchers used the experimental approach by designing the experimental and control groups with two tests. Before and after for its suitability and the nature of the problem, the research sample was represented by the students of the Heet Education Department for the …

Stress Classification Using Deep Learning With 1d Convolutional Neural Networks, Abdulrazak Yahya Saleh, Lau Khai Xian

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Stress has been a major problem impacting people in various ways, and it gets serious every day. Identifying whether someone is suffering from stress is crucial before it becomes a severe illness. Artificial Intelligence (AI) interprets external data, learns from such data, and uses the learning to achieve specific goals and tasks. Deep Learning (DL) has created an impact in the field of Artificial Intelligence as it can perform tasks with high accuracy. Therefore, the primary purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D CNNs) for stress classification. A Psychophysiological stress (PS) dataset …

A Framework Of Web-Based Dark Patterns That Can Be Detected Manually Or Automatically, Ioannis Stavrakakis, Andrea Curley, Dympna O'Sullivan, Damian Gordon, Brendan Tierney

Articles

This research explores the design and development of a framework for the detection of Dark Patterns, which are a series of user interface tricks that manipulate users into actions that they do not intend to do, for example, share more data than they want to, or spend more money than they plan to. The interface does this using either deception or other psychological nudges. User Interface experts have categorized a number of these tricks that are commonly used and have called them Dark Patterns. They are typically varied in their form and what they do, and the goal of this …

Research On High-Rap Mixtures With Rejuvenator - Field Implementation, Nitish R. Bastola, Mahdieh Khedmati, Hamzeh Haghshenas

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

The use of Rejuvenating Agents (RAs), as Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) modifiers, has been increasing over the past years. However, the field performance of asphalt mixtures containing high-RAP materials and modified with RAs has raised some concerns regarding the long-term performance of RAs. This study evaluated the laboratory and field performance of high-RAP mixtures with and without bio-oil RA. Three sets of plant-produced specimens were collected: 1) laboratory-compacted; 2) field-compacted and cored after paving; and 3) field-compacted and cored after one and two years. The Hamburg Wheel Tracking (HWT) test was used to evaluate the specimens' resistance to rutting and …

The Reality Of The Cognitive Burden Of The Methods Of Teaching Physical Education For Male And Female Teachers Of Al-Karkh Al-Thania Education Directorate, Fatima Naeem

Modern Sport

The aim of the research is to build a cognitive load scale for the methods of teaching physical education for male and female teachers of the eduction for male and female teachers of the second karkh Education Directorate , and to identify the details of the leval of cognitive burden for the methods of teaching physical education forthem . Baghdad Al - Karkh /2 numbering (59) individuals , all of them were chosen deliberately at a rate of (100%) , and then they wrer divded into three samples ( contruction , exploratory and application ) according to the requirements of …

Critical Hope As Vehicle For Equity: Examining Teachers’ Paradigm And Pedagogy, Heidi Strikwerda, Jose Lalas

Journal of Critical Issues in Educational Practice

This current study framed the concept of “critical hope” and examined how systemic oppression in society continuously perpetrates the “hope gap” in low-income students. We defined critical hope, in this study, as the optimistic way of viewing and acting on the world from a critically historically conscious, socially and culturally situated perspective with a personal belief that inevitable change will inspire a sense of community, advocacy, liberation, and justice (Strikwerda, 2019). This rich definition incorporates the elements of hope deduced from existing related foundational and empirical research literature (Freire, 1970; Freire, 1994; Freire, 1997, bell hooks, 2004; Edwards et al., …