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Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 70), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Mitochondrial Functions Are Compromised In Cd4 T Cells From Art-Controlled Plhiv, Juan Zhao, Madison Schank, Ling Wang, Zhengke Li, Lam N. Nguyen, Xindi Dang, Dechao Cao, Sushant Khanal, Lam N. Nguyen, Bal K. Thakuri, Stella C. Ogbu, Zeyuan Lu, Xiao Y. Wu, Zheng D. Morrison, Mohamed El Gazzar, Ying Liu, Jinyu Zhang, Shunbin Ning

ETSU Faculty Works

The hallmark of HIV/AIDS is a gradual depletion of CD4 T cells. Despite effective control by antiretroviral therapy (ART), a significant subgroup of people living with HIV (PLHIV) fails to achieve complete immune reconstitution, deemed as immune non-responders (INRs). The mechanisms underlying incomplete CD4 T cell recovery in PLHIV remain unclear. In this study, CD4 T cells from PLHIV were phenotyped and functionally characterized, focusing on their mitochondrial functions. The results show that while total CD4 T cells are diminished, cycling cells are expanded in PLHIV, especially in INRs. HIV-INR CD4 T cells are more activated, displaying exhausted and senescent …

Sickness Behaviors Across Vertebrate Taxa: Proximate And Ultimate Mechanisms, Patricia C. Lopes, Susannah S. French, Douglas C. Woodhams, Sandra A. Binning

Biology Faculty Publications

There is nothing like a pandemic to get the world thinking about how infectious diseases affect individual behavior. In this respect, sick animals can behave in ways that are dramatically different from healthy animals: altered social interactions and changes to patterns of eating and drinking are all hallmarks of sickness. As a result, behavioral changes associated with inflammatory responses (i.e. sickness behaviors) have important implications for disease spread by affecting contacts with others and with common resources, including water and/or sleeping sites. In this Review, we summarize the behavioral modifications, including changes to thermoregulatory behaviors, known to occur in vertebrates …

Exploring Covid-19 Case Fatality In Relation To The Prevalence Of Chronic Conditions And Health Behaviors In Appalachian Kentucky, W. Jay Christian

Journal of Appalachian Health

Background: Research has demonstrated that common chronic conditions, especially those related to cardiovascular health, are important risk factors for severe COVID-19 symptoms or hospitalization. Population prevalence rates of such conditions have not previously been examined in relation to COVID-19 case fatality rates in the Central Appalachian region.

Purpose: This study examined prevalence rates of selected chronic conditions and COVID-19 case fatality rates to determine whether the relationship between them is consistent across Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions of Kentucky.

Methods: Data from Kentucky’s Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (KyBRFS) were used to calculate prevalence rates of asthma, diabetes, influenza vaccination, hypertension, obesity, …

Academic Staff Use Of Electronic Resources (Er) In Nigerian University Libraries During The Covid-19 Lockdown Period, Dim Chibuzor Livina (Dr), Austin Jude Mole (Prof)

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTARCT

Purpose: This study investigated the Academic staff Use of Electronic Resources (ER) in the Nigerian University of Nigeria Libraries during the Corona Virus (Covid 19) lockdown

Design/ Methodology/Approach: The study adopted a Descriptive survey research design. The total population of study was 3130. A sample size of 313 was selected for the study using the simple random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire. The data collected for the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The benchmark score for decision on the analysis was the real limits of numbers

Findings: The finding from the study revealed …

2021-05-03_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

The Utility Of Masks As Protection Against Viral Respiratory Illnesses In Healthcare Workers, Brian Van Wie

Nursing Masters Papers

The COVID-19 pandemic is sweeping the globe, increasing the mortality and morbidity rates in areas that are experiencing outbreaks and putting excess pressure on healthcare systems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have risen to the challenge of caring for those infected during the COVID-19 pandemic, putting themselves in high-risk situations. Current Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines require HCWs to follow isolation precautions based on transmission routes to protect themselves from becoming infected. For COVID19, the recommendation for HCWs is continuous wearing of a surgical mask during a shift and donning an N95 mask while in direct contact with patients …

What’S In An Ace: The Role Of Ace2 In Covid-19’S Tissue Damaging Effects, Christian White

Honors Theses

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease state caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the current pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via the membrane bound form of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Aside from its role in viral entry, the role of ACE2 in the morbidity and mortality of severe COVID-19 is often overlooked. ACE2 functions as a member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by cleaving the angiotensin II into angiotensin (1-7). Angiotensin II increases inflammation, thrombosis, and inflammation, whereas angiotensin (1-7) decreases these phenomena, making ACE2 an important balancing agent. ACE2 is …

Regen Care: A Self-Sustainable, Urban-Scale Project That Promotes Healing Through Communal Support And Spatial Design, Fatama Mugbil

Bachelor of Architecture Theses - 5th Year

Nowadays, we rely mostly on hospitals to aid us or the medicine prescribed by our doctors to cure us. But, not everyone has that opportunity because not everyone can afford and/or access healthcare. And with poor health, there’s poor people, causing then the homeless people to become more vulnerable.

However, with the idea of healing by design, there can be a way to facilitate healing by using thoughtful environmental and spatial design strategies that can accommodate our wellbeing. Although every site has its own conditions, the same concept can be applied through different regions where our environment can support our …

Trading Addiction: An Analysis Of Prescription And Non-Prescription Opioid Abuse, Jordan Brock, Lisa S. Middleton

Honors Theses

Opioid abuse, addiction, and overdose is a serious public health concern that has plagued the healthcare system for the last thirty years. The compiled research in the following paper explores the rise of the opioid epidemic, the implications of more recent prescription monitoring and pain management programs, the relationship between non-prescription and prescription opioids, and the current face of the epidemic, illicit opioids. Kentucky has, unfortunately, been at the forefront of this epidemic with regard to both prescription and illicit opioids. Policy reformation and preventative action must be taken into consideration in regard to the relationship between prescription and non-prescription …

Risk Scores And Machine Learning To Identify Patients With Acute Periprosthetic Joints Infections That Will Likely Fail Classical Irrigation And Debridement., Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker, Noam Shohat, Javad Parvizi Md, Alex Soriano

Rothman Institute Papers

The most preferred treatment for acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is surgical debridement, antibiotics and retention of the implant (DAIR). The reported success of DAIR varies greatly and depends on a complex interplay of several host-related factors, duration of symptoms, the microorganism(s) causing the infection, its susceptibility to antibiotics and many others. Thus, there is a great clinical need to predict failure of the "classical" DAIR procedure so that this surgical option is offered to those most likely to succeed, but also to identify those patients who may benefit from more intensified antibiotic treatment regimens or new and innovative treatment …

Atlas Of Ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) In Germany, Franz Rubel, Katharina Brugger, Lidia Chitimia-Dobler, Hans Dautel, Elisabeth Meyer-Kayser, Olaf Kahl

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

An updated and increased compilation of georeferenced tick locations in Germany is presented here. This data collection extends the dataset published some years ago by another 1448 new tick locations, 900 locations of which were digitized from literature and 548 locations are published here for the first time. This means that a total of 3492 georeferenced tick locations is now available for Germany. The tick fauna of Germany includes two species of Argasidae in the genera Argas and Carios and 19 species of Ixodidae in the genera Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, and Ixodes, altogether 21 tick species. In addition, three species …

“I Was Like An Autumn Leaf That Looks Pretty From The Outside, But Would Break Once You Touched It”: A Case Study Of The Lived Experience Of Breast Cancer Survival, Wafa Hamad Almegewly, Dinah Gould, Sally Anstey

The Qualitative Report

In this hermeneutic phenomenological case study, we explored the lived experiences of one Saudi Arabian woman, Sahara, living with breast cancer and after, identifying her culture’s impact on the “meaning-making” process. We derived the data from a semi-structured interview and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). The themes were: (1) “discourse”: being a breast cancer patient; (2) “sociality”: the complex sense of living with visibility and invisibility; and (3) “selfhood”: regaining the sense of being normal. The study benefits healthcare providers, who need to understand women’s life-world, the impact of culture when designing a program of survival care, and the …

Research Output On Leprosy During The Year Of 2010-2020: A Scientometric Analysis, Victoria P

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study was to measure the number of contributions and highlight the contributions made by the researchers in the field of leprosy and published on the Web of Science database during 2010-2020 using scientometric analysis. Data were interpreted by using software such as Bibexcel, Vosviewer, and tabulated using MS Excel. The results indicated that 4544 papers were published during 2010 - 2020 and the highest number of publications 456 (10.03%) was produced in 2020. The trends in multi-authored papers have tremendously increased (89.28%) compared to (10.72%) single-authored papers. The relative growth rate (3.13) and degree of collaboration …

Why Do Some Americans Resist Covid-19 Prevention Behavior? An Analysis Of Issue Importance, Message Fatigue, And Reactance Regarding Covid-19 Messaging, Hannah Ball, Tayah Renea Wozniak

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Despite the rapid transmission of and death toll claimed by COVID-19, there is evidence of resistance toward behaviors shown to effectively prevent and slow the spread of the disease, such as mask wearing and social distancing. This study applies psychological reactance theory to examine COVID-19 message factors (i.e., message fatigue, issue importance) that may be linked to nonadherence to CDC recommendations via the experience of reactance. Participants (N = 268) were current U.S. residents over the age of 18 who completed an online survey about their perceptions of COVID-19 messaging in general as well as toward a specific COVID-19 …

Dnp Final Report: Safety Huddle, Chukwuemeka Ogobuiro

DNP Final Reports

Over 70% of reported sentinel events are due to communication failure between patients, care providers, and/or administration. Safety Huddle has been shown to increase effective communication among healthcare providers. The application of Safety Huddle concept to behavioral health inpatient care is new. Therefore, this scholarly project utilizes the evidence-based practice change steps to improve teamwork and patient safety in the behavioral health inpatient units using Safety Huddle concepts. The Safety Huddle is a team-building tool that increases effective communication among healthcare providers. A review of the literature was conducted. The evidence suggests that Safety Huddle, a tool for effective communication, …

Covid 19 Researches By Brics’ Nations: A Bibliometric Study, Kodandarama ., Dr Chandrashekara M

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Background: The novel corona virus (COVID 19), that is now considered as global pandemic due to its high rate of infectivity has impacted the world and caused morbidity and mortality on an unprecedented level in the era of modern medicine. In the past year, COVID 19 researches have been carried out at large by several countries across the globe. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the researches brought out by BRICS countries in the form of publications to obliterate the COVID 19 pandemic.

Method: Scopus database was explored to collect the publications of BRICS pertaining to COVID 19. Data …

2021-05-02_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Simian Varicella Virus Antibody Response In Recombinant Svv-Siv Immunized Primates, Kiser Horne

Honors Theses

Since its emergence in the early 1980’s HIV has killed approximately 32 million people, and continues to kill over half a million people every year. Significant research into potential vaccines and cures for HIV has been ongoing for decades but has been largely unsuccessful. One of the more promising technologies that is being investigated to develop an HIV vaccine is recombinant vaccine technology. The study presented in this thesis aims to use simian varicella virus (SVV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) to act as a model for recombinant vaccine development. If a recombinant SVV-SIV vaccine can be proven safe and …

Wellness Through Answers News V36:No.3 May-June 2021, Wendy Urciuoli

Articles - Patient Care

No abstract provided.

Wellness Through Answers News V36:No.3 May-June 2021, Wendy Urciuoli

Articles - Patient Care

No abstract provided.

2021-05-01_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

Guidelines For Influenza Vaccination Uptake In Pregnant Women: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial, Jenna R. Moscarelli

Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Influenza infection during pregnancy poses unique risks to pregnant women and infants, including severe symptoms and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, many pregnant women do not receive the influenza vaccination. Reasons for low vaccine uptake are multifactorial, with the lack of a healthcare provider’s recommendation being a critical barrier. In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, we will examine the effect of a structured vaccine recommendation program for obstetric providers on the mean proportion of pregnant women who receive the influenza vaccination. Specifically, this trial will use a custom provider education program based …

Addressing Productivity For Physical Therapy At Fairfield Medical Center, Evan Urrutia

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

Fairfield Medical Center is a vibrant healthcare organization focused on providing exceptional healthcare experiences to everyone it serves. Fairfield Medical Center encompasses Cancer care, diabetes managements, emergency care, Gastroenterology, Heartburn Care, Hospice Care, Infectious Disease, Maternity Care, Neurology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Care, and Orthopedic Care.

From a physical therapy standpoint, FMC operates two outpatient clinics, and one inpatient service at the hospital. There are over 40 therapists who will either stay primarily at outpatient and inpatient, and some float between the two depending on the volume of patients.

I had the pleasure of being welcomed with open arms by the …

Enantioselective Interactions Of Anti-Infective 8-Aminoquinoline Therapeutics With Human Monoamine Oxidases A And B, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, Haining Liu, Robert J. Doerksen, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara

Faculty and Student Publications

8-Aminoquinolines (8-AQs) are an important class of anti-infective therapeutics. The monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a key role in metabolism of 8-AQs. A major role for MAO-A in metabolism of primaquine (PQ), the prototypical 8-AQ antimalarial, has been demonstrated. These investigations were further extended to characterize the enantioselective interactions of PQ and NPC1161 (8-[(4-amino-1-methylbutyl) amino]-5-[3, 4-dichlorophenoxy]-6-methoxy-4-methylquinoline) with human MAO-A and-B. NPC1161B, the (R)-(−) enantiomer with outstanding potential for malaria radical cure, treatment of visceral leishmaniasis and pneumocystis pneumonia infections is poised for clinical development. PQ showed moderate inhibition of human MAO-A and-B. Racemic PQ and (R)-(−)-PQ both showed marginally greater (1.2-and …

Low Immunization Rates In The United States, Asia Haslam, Harper Forsgren

Ballard Brief

Vaccination hesitancy has been a concern for some time in the United States, but it is an issue that has become increasingly prevalent in the past 20 years. This hesitancy and mistrust of vaccinations has translated into lowered immunization rates for children and adults. The reduction in vaccination rates is driven mainly by concerns over safety, perpetuation of misinformation about vaccinations, and the increased polarization of immunizations in the United States. Low vaccination rates can cause serious consequences including re-emergence of dangerous diseases, economic consequences for communities. and furthered perpetuation of political divides. The US government and many public health …

Pathogenesis Of Dry Eye In Graft Versus Host Disease (Gvhd): Role Of Ocular Mucins And Conjunctival Fibrosis, Kiumars Shamloo

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a procedure that offers a possible cure for hematologic cancers and other hematologic disorders. Unfortunately, despite the increasing survival rate of patients, the quality of their life is adversely affected by the allogeneic bone marrow transplantation’s major side effect i.e Graft vs. Host Disease (GVHD). GVHD is a complex, multi-organ disease resulting from an immunological attack by donor engrafted immune cells to host organs, including the eye surface. Mostly based on the time of disease onset after transplantation, GVHD is divided into the acute and chronic phase. The eyes may be involved in both …

Post Covid-19 Water And Waste Water Management To Protect Public Health And Geoenvironment, Ken Cornell, Arvin Farid

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has posed severe threats to humans and the geoenvironment. The findings of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2) traces in waste water and the practice of disinfecting outdoor spaces in several cities in the world, which can result into the entry of disinfectants and their by-products into storm drainage systems and their subsequent discharge into rivers and coastal waters, raise the issue of environmental, ecological and public health effects. The aims of the current paper are to investigate the potential of water and waste water to operate as transmission routes for Sars-CoV-2 and the …

Examining Teacher Perceptions Of District Policies On Teacher Absenteeism In Arkansas, Tyler Stephen Reed

ATU Theses and Dissertations 2021 - Present

School districts have adopted policies to limit chronic absenteeism, including changing policies to incentivize teachers to take fewer days off from the school year (Mershon, 2015) due to the effects of a teacher being out of the classroom. These effects include the effects on student achievement (Clotfelter et al., 2006; Ehrenberg et al., 1991), on colleagues and the school district (Bradley et al., 2007; Miller, 2008), and the use of substitutes in lieu of a teacher (Bruno, 2002; Herrmann & Rockoff, 2010). This qualitative, phenomenological study sought to understand teachers’ perspectives regarding policies and practices that are aimed to promote …

Neonatal Gut Microbiota Alterations And Local Inflammation Induced By Escherichia Coli Infection Are Modified By Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Prophylaxis, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Hao Xuan, Shahid Umar, Concong Zhong, Wei Yu, Venkatesh Sampath

Presentations

Background: E. coli is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis. Newborns ingest E. coli, which transcytoses the gut producing bacteremia. Lactobacillus spp. decrease E. coli gut transcytosis but the mechanisms involved in this protective effect are not well understood.

Objective: To determine the effects of Lactobacillus pretreatment on the intestinal microbiota and inflammation in neonatal rats orally infected with E. coli.

Design/Methods: Newborn rats were orally pretreated on day of life (DOL) 1 and 2 with four doses of 107 colony forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) or PBS. On DOL 2, pups received orally 106 CFU of …