Digital Commons Network^™

Label Imputation For Homograph Disambiguation: Theoretical And Practical Approaches, Jennifer M. Seale

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation presents the first implementation of label imputation for the task of homograph disambiguation using 1) transcribed audio, and 2) parallel, or translated, corpora. For label imputation from parallel corpora, a hypothesis of interlingual alignment between homograph pronunciations and text word forms is developed and formalized. Both audio and parallel corpora label imputation techniques are tested empirically in experiments that compare homograph disambiguation model performance using: 1) hand-labeled training data, and 2) hand-labeled training data augmented with label-imputed data. Regularized, multinomial logistic regression and pre-trained ALBERT, BERT, and XLNet language models fine-tuned as token classifiers are developed for homograph …

Don't Sell Them Short, There's More To Bacterial Natural Products Than Antibiotics, Alison Clare Domzalski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Recent genomic studies of microbiomes have revealed an overwhelming number of biosynthetic genes of unknown function. Most of these “cryptic” biosynthetic genes are not expressed in laboratory monocultures of individual microbes. Thus, there remains tremendous untapped potential for natural products discovery. Here we employ mixed microbial culture (MMC) as a simple yet powerful approach to awaken cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters. Our preliminary studies demonstrated that arrays of metabolites could be induced in MMCs upon environmental cues, such as surface adhesion. Using this system, we have screened, identified, and isolated bioactive bacterial metabolites, which were characterized structurally and biologically. Of the …

Effects Of Thermal And Non-Thermal Methods On The Chemical Composition And Bacterial Inactivation Of Camel Milk, Namariq Dhahir

Dissertations

Understanding the composition of camel milk coupled with studying the effects of thermal and non-thermal treatments on its components and bacterial inactivation were the general objectives of this dissertation. In the first study (Chapter 2), the gross composition of camel milk including milk protein, fat, casein, total solids, lactose, ash, and mineral content were analyzed. In addition, fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, protein fractions, and volatile compounds were evaluated as well. Our results revealed that camel milk has its unique nutrients profile. These findings make it easier for the researchers and consumers to understand some of the nutritional attributes …

Information Needs And Information Seeking Behaviour Of Agricultural Research Fraternity Of West Bengal, India: An Evaluative Study, Priyanka Neogi, Bhanu Partap Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present study was undertaken with a view to know the information needs and information seeking behaviour of agricultural research fraternity of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal (India), which comprises of teachers, scientists and extension specialists. The study employed the survey method with the help of self designed questionnaire. The findings reveal that 76.40% of the respondents visited the library for issue/return of books, while 59.55% respondents visited the library for accessing electronic information resources. Furthermore, 69.66% of the respondents were seeking their desired information from the library for research work, while 55% respondents seeking …

Availability And Usage Of Information Sources And Services At Select Media Libraries In Delhi Region: A Study, Anupama Khera, G P. Pandey, Manoj Kumar Sinha

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Information is a basic need of today’s fast changing world important for one’s day to day life. People need information to efficiently carry out work in their respective fields. Media professionals working in Media organisations needs current, authoritative and factual information to construct news and programmes. Such information is made available by Media libraries in the shortest time frame to meet the targets of the Media Professionals. The information is collected from the printed as well from the electronic resources available in the Media libraries.

In view of the remarkable contribution made by the media libraries, the present research has …

Relevance Of Storybooks In Promoting Students’ Reading Culture, Ogechukwu Vivian Amanambu, Leona Eucharia Ekechukwu, Ngozi Theresa Onuora, Chinedu Obinna Ejimonye, Onyedika Lilian Ikeazota, Theresa Olunwa Oforka, Kennedy O. Ololo

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper explored past studies that demonstrated how relevant storybooks are in promoting reading culture amongst students. The paper employed the review of literature approach to collect and synthesize information majorly from primary and secondary sources taking cognizance of the research objective. The study reviewed the basis of reading, storybooks, and the benefits of storybooks in improving students’ reading culture and the importance of storybooks and strategies for improving students’ reading culture. From the extant literature reviewed, students’ reading culture is influenced when they are exposed to storybooks.

Influence Of Story Books At Children’S Library On Reading Culture Of Pupils In Public Primary Schools, Adaorah R. Onuorah

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Children libraries are libraries established in schools to support learning and teaching activities of pupils. In order to inculcate a good reading culture in pupils, they have to be encouraged to make reading part of their everyday life. Storybooks are useful for introducing new words, concepts and ideas into children’s language development, world and imagination. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the influence of storybooks at children's libraries on reading culture among primary classes 4 and 5 pupils in public schools and find out the influence of gender on pupils’ reading culture when exposed to storybooks. A quasi-experimental …

Academic Staff Consciousness And Consumption Of The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library (Teeal) Database For Teaching And Research In The College Of Agricultural Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria, Samson Adesina Akinola

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This empirical study investigated the consciousness and consumption of the Essential Electronic Agricultural Library (TEEAL) database for teaching and research in the College of Agricultural Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji – Arakeji, Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of the teaching staff in the College of Agricultural Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University. A survey research method was adopted for the study with the use of structured questionnaire as instrument for data gathering. The questionnaire was administered online through e-mail message to the academic staff of the college. The data collected was analyzed by simple frequency count and percentage. …

The Banality Of Corporate Evil, Amina Dessouki

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis critiques the notion of corporate social responsibility (CSR) through tracing the multiple dynamics between a multinational corporation and a development consultancy working on a recycling project in collaboration with the Zabaleen in Mansheyet Nasser, Egypt. The thesis looks at the ways in which actors negotiate their different positions, the harmonies and discordances that unfold through various agendas coming together, the silences produced, and the ways in which structural violence is intensified under the guise of development. The thesis contrasts the detached efforts of corporate workers and development consultants with the lives of the zabaleen, who live in a …

Uba2 Variants Underlie A Recognizable Syndrome With Variable Aplasia Cutis Congenita And Ectrodactyly, Rhonda E Schnur, Sairah Yousaf, James Liu, Wendy K Chung, Lindsay Rhodes, Michael Marble, Regina M Zambrano, Nara Sobreira, Parul Jayakar, Mary Ella Pierpont, Matthew J Schultz, Pavel N Pichurin, Rory J Olson, Gail E Graham, Matthew Osmond, Gustavo A Contreras-García, Karina A Campo-Neira, Camilo A Peñaloza-Mantilla, Mark Flage, Srikar Kuppa, Karina Navarro, Maria J Guillen Sacoto, Ingrid M Wentzensen, Maria I Scarano, Jane Juusola, Carlos E Prada, Robert B Hufnagel

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

PURPOSE: The human chromosome 19q13.11 deletion syndrome is associated with a variable phenotype that includes aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and ectrodactyly as specific features. UBA2 (ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 2) lies adjacent to the minimal deletion overlap region. We aimed to define the UBA2-related phenotypic spectrum in humans and zebrafish due to sequence variants and to establish the mechanism of disease.

METHODS: Exome sequencing was used to detect UBA2 sequence variants in 16 subjects in 7 unrelated families. uba2 loss of function was modeled in zebrafish. Effects of human missense variants were assessed in zebrafish rescue experiments.

RESULTS: Seven human UBA2 …

Biological Resurfacing In A Canine Model Of Hip Osteoarthritis, Bradley T. Estes, Masataka Enomoto, Franklin T. Moutos, Megan A. Carson, Jeffrey M. Toth, Peter Eggert, Jonathan Stallrich, Vincent P. Willard, Deborah J. Veis, Dianne Little, Farshid Guilak, B. Duncan X. Lascelles

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Articular cartilage has unique load-bearing properties but has minimal capacity for intrinsic repair. Here, we used three-dimensional weaving, additive manufacturing, and autologous mesenchymal stem cells to create a tissue-engineered, bicomponent implant to restore hip function in a canine hip osteoarthritis model. This resorbable implant was specifically designed to function mechanically from the time of repair and to biologically integrate with native tissues for long-term restoration. A massive osteochondral lesion was created in the hip of skeletally mature hounds and repaired with the implant or left empty (control). Longitudinal outcome measures over 6 months demonstrated that the implant dogs returned to …

A Dose Of Dignity : Equitable Vaccination Policies For Incarcerated People And Correctional Staff During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Itay Ravid, Jordan M. Hyatt, Steven L. Chanenson

Faculty Publications

Since its emergence in early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has altered the lives of millions of Americans. As it so often is during times of crisis, our most vulnerable communities have disproportionately suffered and were overlooked. Among these myriad communities, incarcerated people became a particularly potent symbol of our failure to handle the spread of the virus. In December 2020, a beacon of hope emerged with the introduction of new cutting-edge vaccines which promised to bring the world back to where it was just a year-and-a-half ago. Here again, however, policy and politics have led states to adopt different distribution …

States’ Big Gamble On Sports Betting, Dave Aron, Matt Jones

UNLV Gaming Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Offshore Longline Mussel Farms: A Review Of Oceanographic And Ecological Interactions To Inform Future Research Needs, Policy And Management, L Mascorda-Cabre, Phil Hosegood, Martin J. Attrill, Danielle Bridger, Emma V. Sheehan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

With a growing human population and the need to protect our oceans from overfishing, there is a requirement for society to source alternative means of sustainable protein. Mussel aquaculture has rapidly expanded in many countries serving as an important supply of protein, but its development has been limited due to competition for coastal space and the associated environmental impacts of farming in inshore waters. Offshore aquaculture developments have the potential to overcome such issues. This review synthesises the current literature on the ecological and oceanographic interactions of longline offshore mussel farms with the aim to elucidate the main knowledge gaps …

Reckless Parenting With A Purpose, Walter H. Piper, Linda Grenzer

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

No abstract provided.

Emerging Graphene-Based Sensors For The Detection Of Food Adulterants And Toxicants – A Review, Vs Raghavan, B O'Driscoll, Jm Bloor, B Li, P Katare, J Sethi, Ss Gorthi, D Jenkins

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

The City As A Learning Lab: Using Historical Maps And Walking Seminars To Anchor Place-Based Research, Anne E. Leonard, Jason Montgomery

Publications and Research

Information literacy, inquiry, and empirical observation skills are essential to undergraduate students’ success, supporting the development of their independent critical thinking skills. In this chapter, we discuss an interdisciplinary course that we, an architecture professor and a librarian, co-taught at New York City College of Technology. The course, Learning Places: Understanding the City, combines place-based learning with primary source research, developing students’ abilities to observe an urban site chosen for study and to document their observations, and in the process build a line of inquiry for further research. The documented observations, newly created primary sources in their own right, initiated …

Sudden Cardiac Death In Athletes, Darren C Tsang, Mark S Link

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Marine Artificial Light At Night: An Empirical And Technical Guide, Thomas W. Davies, Svenja Tidau, Andrew J. Grimmer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Alzheimer's Disease Alters Oligodendrocytic Glycolytic And Ketolytic Gene Expression, Erin R Saito, Justin B Miller, Oscar Harari, Carlos Cruchaga, Kathie A Mihindukulasuriya, John S K Kauwe, Benjamin T Bikman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly correlated with impaired brain glucose metabolism, which may affect AD onset and progression. Ketolysis has been suggested as an alternative pathway to fuel the brain.

METHODS: RNA-seq profiles of post mortem AD brains were used to determine whether dysfunctional AD brain metabolism can be determined by impairments in glycolytic and ketolytic gene expression. Data were obtained from the Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (62 cases; 13 controls), Mount Sinai Brain Bank (110 cases; 44 controls), and the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank (80 cases; 76 controls), and were normalized to cell type: astrocytes, microglia, …

Eating, Drinking And Locations Of Broiler Chickens Reared Under Commercial Conditions With Supplementary Feeder Line Lighting, D. J. Aldridge, M. T. Kidd, C. G. Scanes

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The study examined the distribution of Cobb 700 broiler chickens in large (1.524 m × 6.096 m) pens under commercial conditions with 2 nipple waterer lines and a single feeder. The light intensity in the house was 4 lx provided by light emitting diode lighting but with supplementary lighting along the feeder line. There was a gradation of light intensity from 100 lx at bird level by the feeders to 4 lx at the edge of the pen. In addition, a limited time budget was estimated. A video system was employed to record the number of birds eating, drinking, standing …

Kraus Awarded The 2021 Aoa Carolyn L. Kuckein Student Research Fellowship, Caleb Jones

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Amygdala Functional Connectivity And Negative Reactive Temperament At Age 4 Months, Courtney A. Filippi, Sanjana Ravi, Maya Bracy, Anderson M. Winkler, Chad Sylvester, Daniel Samuel Pine, Nathan A. Fox

School of Medicine Publications

Objective

Infant amygdalaconnectivity correlates with maternal reports of infant temperament characterized by novelty-evoked distress and avoidance. However, no studies have examined how human infant amygdala connectivity relates to direct observations of novelty-evoked distress. This study examined the link between amygdala connectivity and infant novelty-evoked distress using direct observation of temperament.

Method

Novelty-evoked distress was assessed at 4 months of age (N = 90) using a standardized reactivity assessment and parent report. Within 3 weeks of assessment, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was collected in a subset of infants (n = 34). Using a whole-brain voxelwise approach, amygdala connectivity associated …

Plague Exposure In Mammalian Wildlife Across The Western United States, Sarah N. Bevins, Jeffrey C. Chandler, Nicole Barrett, Brandon S. Schmit, Gerald W. Wiscomb, Susan A. Shriner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Plague is caused by a bacterial pathogen (Yersinia pestis) that can infect a wide range of mammal species, but its presence in wildlife is often underappreciated. Using a large-scale data set (n = 44,857) that details the extent of Y. pestis exposure in wildlife, we document exposure in 18 wildlife species, including coyotes (Canis latrans), bobcats (Lynx rufus), and black bears (Ursus americanus). Evidence of plague activity is widespread, with seropositive animals detected in every western state in the contiguous United States. Pathogen monitoring systems in wildlife that are both large scale …

Scaup Depredation On Arkansas Baitfish And Sportfish Aquaculture, Stephen A. Clements, Brian S. Dorr, J. Brian Davis, Luke A. Roy, Carole R. Engle, Katie Hanson-Dorr, Anita M. Kelly

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and greater scaup (A. marila), hereafter scaup, consume a variety of aquatic invertebrates, plants, and occasionally small fish. Scaup have foraged on commercial aquaculture farms in the southern United States for decades. However, the types, abundance, and rate of fish exploitation by scaup on baitfish and sportfish farms are not well documented. Thus, information is needed to understand how fish and other foods influence scaup use of aquatic resources, and any potential economic effects of depredation of fish. From November–March in winters 2016–2017 and 2017–2018, we conducted 1,458 pond surveys to …

Data-Driven Management—A Dynamic Occupancy Approach To Enhanced Rabies Surveillance Prioritization, Amy J. Davis, Jordana D. Kirby, Richard B. Chipman, Kathleen M. Nelson, Amy T. Gilbert

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Rabies lyssavirus (RABV) is enzootic in raccoons across the eastern United States. Intensive management of RABV by oral rabies vaccination (ORV) has prevented its spread westward and shown evidence of local elimination in raccoon populations of the northeastern US. The USDA, Wildlife Services, National Rabies Management Program (NRMP) collaborates with other agencies to implement broad-scale ORV and conducts extensive monitoring to measure the effectiveness of the management. Enhanced Rabies Surveillance (ERS) was initiated during 2005 and updated in 2016 to direct surveillance efforts toward higher-value specimens by assigning points to different methods of encountering specimens for collection (strange-acting, roadkill, surveillance-trapped, …

Improving Animal Monitoring Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (Suas) And Deep Learning Networks, Meilun Zhou, Jared A. Elmore, Sathishkumar Samiappan, Kristine O. Evans, Morgan Pfeiffer, Bradley F. Blackwell, Raymond B. Iglay

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

In recent years, small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) have been used widely to monitor animals because of their customizability, ease of operating, ability to access difficult to navigate places, and potential to minimize disturbance to animals. Automatic identification and classification of animals through images acquired using a sUAS may solve critical problems such as monitoring large areas with high vehicle traffic for animals to prevent collisions, such as animal-aircraft collisions on airports. In this research we demonstrate automated identification of four animal species using deep learning animal classification models trained on sUAS collected images. We used a sUAS mounted with …

Spatial Variation In Direct And Indirect Contact Rates At The Wildlife-Livestock Interface For Informing Disease Management, Anni Yang, Raoul K. Boughton, Ryan S. Miller, Bethany Wight, Wesley M. Anderson, James C. Beasley, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Kim M. Pepin, George Wittemyer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Little is known about disease transmission relevant contact rates at the wildlife-livestock interface and the factors shaping them. Indirect contact via shared resources is thought to be important but remains unquantified in most systems, making it challenging to evaluate the impact of livestock management practices on contact networks. Free-ranging wild pigs (Sus scrofa) in North America are an invasive, socially-structured species with an expanding distribution that pose a threat to livestock health given their potential to transmit numerous livestock diseases, such as pseudorabies, brucellosis, trichinellosis, and echinococcosis, among many others. Our objective in this study was to quantify …

Sweetpotato Leaves Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation In Raw 264.7 Macrophages Via Suppression Of Nf-Κb Signaling Pathway, Hyun-Dong Cho, Cindi Brownmiller, Harun Sorker, Shahidul Islam, Sun-Ok Lee

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Limited information is available regarding the health-promoting activities of sweetpotato leaves (SPL). The present study investigated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and phenolic contents in 29 SPL cultivars harvested in 2018 and 2019. Extracts showed total phenolic contents 9.4–23.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g, and DPPH radical scavenging activity indicated 36.6–247.3 mM of Trolox equivalent/g. SPL extracts were identified to contain bioactive components such as, chlorogenic acid (11.7–22.1 μg/mg), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (16.3–59.9 μg/mg), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (50.9–72.7 μg/mg), chlorophyll B (6.1–12.3 μg/mg), lutein (1.9–4.9 μg/mg), chlorophyll A (2.7–4.3 μg/mg) and β-carotene (0.1 ≤ μg/mg). RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells were pretreated with 100–200 …

Dha But Not Epa Induces The Trans-Differentiation Of C2c12 Cells Into White-Like Adipocytes Phenotype, Saeed Jebor Ghnaimawi, Lisa Rebello, Jamie Baum, Yan Huang

Food Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Muscle derived stem cells (MDSCs) and myoblast play an important role in myotube regeneration when muscle tissue is injured. However, these cells can be induced to differentiate into adipocytes once exposed to PPARγ activator like EPA and DHA that are highly suggested during pregnancy. The objective of this study aims at determining the identity of trans-differentiated cells by exploring the effect of EPA and DHA on C2C12 undergoing differentiation into brown and white adipocytes. DHA but not EPA committed C2C12 cells reprograming into white like adipocyte phenotype. Also, DHA promoted the expression of lipolysis regulating genes but had no effect …