Digital Commons Network^™

Decreased Adipose Tissue Oxygenation Associates With Insulin Resistance In Individuals With Obesity, Vincenza Cifarelli, Scott C Beeman, Gordon I Smith, Jun Yoshino, Darya Morozov, Joseph W Beals, Brandon D Kayser, Jeramie D Watrous, Mohit Jain, Bruce W Patterson, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDData from studies conducted in rodent models have shown that decreased adipose tissue (AT) oxygenation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Here, we evaluated the potential influence of AT oxygenation on AT biology and insulin sensitivity in people.METHODSWe evaluated subcutaneous AT oxygen partial pressure (pO2); liver and whole-body insulin sensitivity; AT expression of genes and pathways involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism; systemic markers of inflammation; and plasma BCAA concentrations, in 3 groups of participants that were rigorously stratified by adiposity and insulin sensitivity: metabolically healthy lean (MHL; n = 11), metabolically healthy …

Comparing Cortical Signatures Of Atrophy Between Late-Onset And Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease, Aylin Dincer, Brian A Gordon, Sarah J Keefe, Shaney Flores, Nicole S Mckay, Angela M Paulick, Rebecca L Feldman, Russ C Hornbeck, Beau M Ances, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Celeste M Karch, Eric M Mcdade, Richard J Perrin, Cyrus Raji, Qing Wang, Chengjie Xiong, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Defining a signature of cortical regions of interest preferentially affected by Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology may offer improved sensitivity to early AD compared to hippocampal volume or mesial temporal lobe alone. Since late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) participants tend to have age-related comorbidities, the younger-onset age in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) may provide a more idealized model of cortical thinning in AD. To test this, the goals of this study were to compare the degree of overlap between the ADAD and LOAD cortical thinning maps and to evaluate the ability of the ADAD cortical signature regions to predict early pathological changes …

Astrocyte Deletion Of Α2-Na/K Atpase Triggers Episodic Motor Paralysis In Mice Via A Metabolic Pathway, Sarah A. Smith, Xiaoying Chen, Lindsey M. Brier, Jonathan R. Bumstead, Nicholas R. Rensing, Alison E. Ringel, Haewon Shin, Anna Oldenborg, Jan R. Crowley, Annie R. Bice, Krikor Dikranian, Joseph E. Ippolito, Marcia C. Haigis, Thomas Papouin, Guoyan Zhao, Michael Wong, Joseph P. Culver, Azad Bonni

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Pathophysiological Consequences Of Katp Channel Overactivity And Pharmacological Response To Glibenclamide In Skeletal Muscle Of A Murine Model Of Cantù Syndrome, Rosa Scala, Fatima Maqoud, Nicola Zizzo, Antonietta Mele, Giulia Maria Camerino, Francesco Alfredo Zito, Girolamo Ranieri, Conor Mcclenaghan, Theresa M Harter, Colin G Nichols, Domenico Tricarico

Open Access Publications

Cantù syndrome (CS) arises from mutations in

Robot Assisted Mri-Guided Litt Of The Anterior, Lateral, And Medial Temporal Lobe For Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Kunal Gupta, Adam S Dickey, Ranliang Hu, Edward Faught, Jon T Willie

Open Access Publications

Robotic systems have fundamentally altered the landscape of functional neurosurgery. These allow automated stereotaxy with high accuracy and reliability, and are rapidly becoming a mainstay in stereotactic surgeries such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), and stereotactic laser ablation/MRI guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT). Robotic systems have been effectively applied to create a minimally invasive approach for diagnostics and therapeutics in the treatment of epilepsy, utilizing robots for expeditious and accurate stereotaxy for SEEG and MRgLITT. MRgLITT has been shown to approach open surgical techniques in efficacy of seizure control while minimizing collateral injury. We describe the use …

Exploring Differences In The Role Of Hospitalization On Weight Gain Based On Treatment Type From Randomized Clinical Trials For Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa, Nandini Datta, Brittany E Matheson, Daniel Le Grange, Harry A Brandt, Blake Woodside, Katherine A Halmi, Denise E Wilfley, James D Lock

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Utilization Of The Sharing Antimicrobial Reports For Pediatric Stewardship (Sharps) Collaborative Electronic Mailing List (Listserv) By Healthcare Professionals, Christopher C Mcpherson, Zachary A Vesoulis, Talene A Metjian, Mirela Grabic, Summer Reyes, Sydney Reyes, Christina Krucylak, Cindy Terrill, Jason G Newland

Open Access Publications

Optimizing pediatric antimicrobial stewardship is challenging. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 515 original e-mails to 482 members of the Sharing Antimicrobial Reports for Pediatric Stewardship (SHARPS) Collaborative electronic mailing list ([email protected]). The plurality of threads discussed clinical practice guidelines, and pharmacists were most likely to initiate and respond. Representation was geographically diverse within and outside the United States.

Clinical Implications Of Restrictions In Criteria For Defining Surgical Site Infections After Mastectomy, Antoinette A A Bediako-Bowan, David K Warren, Katelin B Nickel, Victoria J Fraser, Margaret A Olsen

Open Access Publications

More than 50% of women with clinically apparent infection after mastectomy did not meet the 2020 National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definition for surgical site infection (SSI). Implant loss was similar whether the 2020 NHSN SSI definition was met or not, suggesting equivalent adverse outcomes regardless of restriction to the surveillance definition.

Mycena Genomes Resolve The Evolution Of Fungal Bioluminescence, Huei-Mien Ke, Rita Jui-Hsien Lu, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Pediatric Research Priorities In Healthcare-Associated Infections And Antimicrobial Stewardship, Susan E Coffin, Stephanie Fritz, Jason Newland, Et Al

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: To develop a pediatric research agenda focused on pediatric healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial stewardship topics that will yield the highest impact on child health.

PARTICIPANTS: The study included 26 geographically diverse adult and pediatric infectious diseases clinicians with expertise in healthcare-associated infection prevention and/or antimicrobial stewardship (topic identification and ranking of priorities), as well as members of the Division of Healthcare Quality and Promotion at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (topic identification).

METHODS: Using a modified Delphi approach, expert recommendations were generated through an iterative process for identifying pediatric research priorities in healthcare associated infection prevention and …

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Subthalamic Nucleus Modulates Reward-Related Behavior: A Systematic Review, Yvan M Vachez, Meaghan C Creed

Open Access Publications

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of movement disorders including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Despite its therapeutic benefits, STN-DBS has been associated with adverse effects on mood and cognition. Specifically, apathy, which is defined as a loss of motivation, has been reported to emerge or to worsen following STN-DBS. However, it is often challenging to disentangle the effects of STN-DBS

Documenting Social Media Engagement As Scholarship: A New Model For Assessing Academic Accomplishment For The Health Professions, Kimberly D Acquaviva, Rakhee K Bhayani, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The traditional model of promotion and tenure in the health professions relies heavily on formal scholarship through teaching, research, and service. Institutions consider how much weight to give activities in each of these areas and determine a threshold for advancement. With the emergence of social media, scholars can engage wider audiences in creative ways and have a broader impact. Conventional metrics like the h-index do not account for social media impact. Social media engagement is poorly represented in most curricula vitae (CV) and therefore is undervalued in promotion and tenure reviews.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop crowdsourced guidelines …

Fetal Cortical Plate Segmentation Using Fully Convolutional Networks With Multiple Plane Aggregation, Jinwoo Hong, Hyuk Jin Yun, Gilsoon Park, Seonggyu Kim, Cynthia T Laurentys, Leticia C Siqueira, Tomo Tarui, Caitlin K Rollins, Cynthia M Ortinau, P Ellen Grant, Jong-Min Lee, Kiho Im

Open Access Publications

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to advance our understanding of human brain development by providing quantitative information of cortical plate (CP) development

Comparison Of Smartphone Photography, Single-Lens Reflex Photography, And Field-Grading For Trachoma, John M Nesemann, Michael I Seider, Blake M Snyder, Robi N Maamari, Daniel A Fletcher, Berhan A Haile, Zerihun Tadesse, Nicole E Varnado, Sun Y Cotter, Elizabeth Kelly Callahan, Paul M Emerson, Todd P Margolis, Thomas M Lietman, Jeremy D Keenan

Open Access Publications

Conjunctival examination for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) guides public health decisions for trachoma. Smartphone cameras may allow remote conjunctival grading, but previous studies have found low sensitivity. A random sample of 412 children aged 1-9 years received an in-person conjunctival examination and then had conjunctival photographs taken with 1) a single-lens reflex (SLR) camera and 2) a smartphone coupled to a 3D-printed magnifying attachment. Three masked graders assessed the conjunctival photographs for TF. Latent class analysis was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of each grading method for TF. Single-lens reflex photo-grading was 95.0% sensitive and 93.6% specific, and smartphone …

In Patients With Hip Fracture, Accelerated Surgery Within 6 Hours Did Not Differ From Standard Care For Mortality Or Major Complications, Anna N Miller

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Positron Emission Tomography Objective Parameters For Assessment Of Left Ventricular Assist Device Infection Using 18f-Fdg Pet/Ct, Saul N Friedman, Maryam Mahmood, Jennifer R Geske, Muhammad Rizwan Sohail, Geoffrey B Johnson, John M Stulak, Ayse Tuba Kendi

Open Access Publications

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a life-saving therapy, but it poses a substantial infection risk. Current evaluation of LVAD infection with

Selecting The "Touched Vertebra" As The Lowest Instrumented Vertebra In Patients With Lenke Type-1 And 2 Curves: Radiographic Results After A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up, Eduardo C Beauchamp, Lawrence G Lenke, Meghan Cerpa, Peter O Newton, Michael P Kelly, Kathy M Blanke, Harms Study Group Investigators

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The selection of the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is still controversial. Although multiple radiographic methods have been proposed, there is no universally accepted guideline for appropriate selection of the LIV. We developed a simple and reproducible method for selection of the LIV in patients with Lenke type-1 (main thoracic) and 2 (double thoracic) curves and investigated its effectiveness in producing optimal positioning of the LIV at 5 years of follow-up.

METHODS: The radiographs for 299 patients with Lenke type-1 or 2 AIS curves that were included in a multicenter database were evaluated …

Filmless Quality Assurance Of A Leksell Gamma Knife® Icon™, Borna Maraghechi, Taeho Kim, Timothy J Mitchell, S Murty Goddu, Joe Dise, James A Kavanaugh, Jacqueline E Zoberi, Sasa Mutic, Nels C Knutson

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: The annual quality assurance (QA) of Leksell Gamma Knife

METHODS: Annual QA tests for a LGK Icon™ system were performed using both film-based and filmless techniques. Output calibration, relative output factors (ROF), radiation profiles, sector uniformity/source counting, and verification of the unit center point (UCP) and radiation focal point (RFP) coincidence tests were performed. Radiochromic films, two ionization chambers, and a synthetic diamond detector were used for the measurements. Results were compared and verified with the treatment planning system (TPS).

RESULTS: The measured dose rate of the LGK Icon was within 0.4% of the TPS value set at the …

Mass Cytometry Detects H3.3k27m-Specific Vaccine Responses In Diffuse Midline Glioma, Sabine Mueller, Karen Gauvain, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDPatients with diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), have dismal outcomes. We previously described the H3.3K27M mutation as a shared neoantigen in HLA-A*02.01+, H3.3K27M+ DMGs. Within the Pacific Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Consortium, we assessed the safety and efficacy of an H3.3K27M-targeted peptide vaccine.METHODSNewly diagnosed patients, aged 3-21 years, with HLA-A*02.01+ and H3.3K27M+ status were enrolled in stratum A (DIPG) or stratum B (nonpontine DMG). Vaccine was administered in combination with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-I-lysine carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC) every 3 weeks for 8 cycles, followed by once every 6 weeks. Immunomonitoring and imaging were performed every 3 months. Imaging was centrally …

Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of Grafts Commonly Used For Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Ryan M Castile, Matthew J Jenkins, Spencer P Lake, Robert H Brophy

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament are common, and often are treated with reconstruction. Limited quantitative data are available describing material properties of grafts used for reconstructions such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), hamstring tendon (HS), and quadriceps tendon (QT). The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare microstructural and mechanical properties of BPTB, HS, and QT grafts.

METHODS: Forty specimens (13 BPTB, 13 HS, and 14 QT grafts) from 24 donors were used. Specimens were subjected to preconditioning, stress relaxation, and ramp to failure. Mechanical parameters were calculated for each sample, and …

Biomarkers May Predict Unfavorable Neurological Outcome After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Lawrence M. Lewis, Linda Papa, Jeffrey J. Bazarian, Art Weber, Rob Howard, Robert D. Welch

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase Suppresses Sars-Cov-2 Replication By Blocking Membrane Fusion, Ruochen Zang, James Brett Case, Xiucui Ma, Maria Florencia Gomez Castro, Zhuoming Liu, Qiru Zeng, Haiyan Zhao, Juhee Son, Paul W. Rothlauf, Gaopeng Hou, Michael D. Vahey, Kartik Mani, Daved H. Fremont, Abhinav Diwan, Michael S. Diamond, Sean P.J. Whelan, Siyuan Ding, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Clinical Experience Of Mri4d Quasar Motion Phantom For Latency Measurements In 0.35t Mr‐Linac, Taeho Kim, Benjamin Lewis, Rajiv Lotey, Enzo Barberi, Olga Green

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: In MRgRT, accuracy of treatment depends on the gating latency, when real-time targeting and gating is enabled. Gating latency is dependent on image acquisition, processing time, accuracy, efficacy of target tracking algorithms, and radiation beam delivery latency. In this report, clinical experience of the MRI

MATERIALS/METHODS: Beam-control latency was measured on a 0.35-T MR-LINAC system with four target tracking algorithms and two real-time cine imaging sequences [four and eight frames per second (FPS)]. Using an MR-compatible motion phantom, the delays between phantom beam triggering signal and linac radiation beam control signal were evaluated for three motion periods with a …

A 2020 View Of Tension-Based Cortical Morphogenesis, David C. Van Essen

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Calmodulin Acts As A State-Dependent Switch To Control A Cardiac Potassium Channel Opening, Po Wei Kang, Annie M Westerlund, Jingyi Shi, Kelli Mcfarland White, Alex K Dou, Amy H Cui, Jonathan R Silva, Lucie Delemotte, Jianmin Cui

Open Access Publications

Calmodulin (CaM) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP

Differences In Electronic Personal Health Information Tool Use Between Rural And Urban Cancer Patients In The United States: Secondary Data Analysis, Alexandra Greenberg-Worisek, Liaa Ferede, Joyce Balls-Berry, Ian Marigi, Emily Valentin Mendez, Numra Bajwa, Melody Ouk, Minerva Orellana, Felicity Enders

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies have previously shown that rural cancer patients are diagnosed at later stages of disease. This delay is felt throughout treatment and follow-up, reflected in the fact that rural patients often have poorer clinical outcomes compared with their urban counterparts.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have explored whether there is a difference in cancer patients' current use of health information technology tools by residential location.

METHODS: Data from 7 cycles of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS, 2003-2017) were merged and analyzed to examine whether differences exist in managing electronic personal health information (ePHI) and emailing health care providers among …

Preemptive Analgesic Effect Of Intrathecal Applications Of Neuroactive Steroids In A Rodent Model Of Post-Surgical Pain: Evidence For The Role Of T-Type Calcium Channels, Quy L Tat, Srdjan M Joksimovic, Kathiresan Krishnan, Douglas F Covey, Slobodan M Todorovic, Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic

Open Access Publications

Preemptive management of post-incisional pain remains challenging. Here, we examined the role of preemptive use of neuroactive steroids with activity on low-voltage activated T-type Ca

Ten-Year Experience With Percutaneous Cryoablation Of Renal Tumors: Tumor Size Predicts Disease Progression, Nicholas A. Pickersgill, Joel M. Vetter, Eric H. Kim, Sky J. Cope, Kefu Du, Ramakrishna Venkatesh, Joseph Daniel Giardina, Nael E. S. Saad, Sam B. Bhayani, Robert S. Figenshau

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Validity And Reliability Of The Microsoft Kinect For Measuring Trunk Compensation During Reaching, Matthew H Foreman, Jack R Engsberg

Open Access Publications

Compensatory movements at the trunk are commonly utilized during reaching by persons with motor impairments due to neurological injury such as stroke. Recent low-cost motion sensors may be able to measure trunk compensation, but their validity and reliability for this application are unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the first (K1) and second (K2) generations of the Microsoft Kinect to a video motion capture system (VMC) for measuring trunk compensation during reaching. Healthy participants (n = 5) performed reaching movements designed to simulate trunk compensation in three different directions and on two different days while being measured …

From Stigma To Validation: A Qualitative Assessment Of A Novel National Program To Improve Retention Of Physician-Scientists With Caregiving Responsibilities, Rochelle D. Jones, Victoria J. Fraser, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.