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2020

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Possibilities And Challenges Of Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Fredrick Isingo Dec 2020

Possibilities And Challenges Of Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Fredrick Isingo

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper presents investigation on the possibilities and challenges of harvesting ambient Radio Frequency Energy (RFE) at Dar es Salaam region in Tanzania. The Radio Frequency (RF) signals were measured using a Rohde and Schwarz FSC 3 spectrum analyzer observing available frequencies with their respective power. Among several RF signals received, the most powerful signals observed were; 800 MHz, 950 MHz, 2100 MHz and 2400 MHz, having average signal strengths of about-30.29 dBm,-35.94 dBm,-42.90 dBm and-30.42 dBm respectively. The power possessed within these frequencies were suitable to be harvested due to their signal strengths, an overall power average of-34.89dBm was …

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Direct Predictive Speed Control Of Salient Pmsm Drives In Constant Torque And Constant Power Regimes For Electric Vehicles Applications, Francis Mwasilu Dec 2020

Direct Predictive Speed Control Of Salient Pmsm Drives In Constant Torque And Constant Power Regimes For Electric Vehicles Applications, Francis Mwasilu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A direct speed control of salient permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in constant torque and constant power regimes for electric vehicles applications is presented. The proposed speed control scheme is derived from model predictive control approach where both rotor speed and stator current are formulated in a single objective function that is periodically computed to attain the PMSM drive optimum switching states. The dynamic model of the PMSM intrinsically encompasses the unknown disturbance, which should be rejected for high-performance speed control especially in transient conditions. Consequently, the extended modified augmented state Kalman filter (ASKF) is incorporated in the proposed …

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Effects Of Calcination Temperature Of Naturally Occurring Absorbents On Drinking Water Defluoridation, Brenda Mndolwa Dec 2020

Effects Of Calcination Temperature Of Naturally Occurring Absorbents On Drinking Water Defluoridation, Brenda Mndolwa

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Currently, in Tanzania, fluoride removal from drinking water is treated mostly using the bone char method. The method has poor acceptability in some religious communities and also causes water quality deterioration in taste and odour if the bones are not properly prepared. The use of local natural adsorbents as an alternative is feasible with limitations of high levels of other impurities in treated water. Locally available gypsum, magnesite and bauxite were converted to adsorbents through calcination. The study was conducted to determine the removal efficiency, best calcination temperature and composite ratio of the three adsorbents for the removal of fluoride …

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User-Centred Scalable Big Data Visualizer For Power Consumption Data In The Electrical Secondary Distribution Network, Ellen Kalinga Dec 2020

User-Centred Scalable Big Data Visualizer For Power Consumption Data In The Electrical Secondary Distribution Network, Ellen Kalinga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Establishment of Smart Grids for electrical power has been practised worldwide for the purpose of bringing reliability, security, and efficient management of electrical power networks for enhancing quality service to the society. Apart from the potential aim, smart grid has been a challenge to developing countries, including Tanzania from cost and technology point of view. Due to the use of many smart equipment involved in smart grids like Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) equipped with smart meters and sensors, handling and managing big data has been a challenge. Among the challenges is the issue of visualizing the Big Data due to …

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Inclusive And Implementable Legal Rules For E-Commerce: A Comparative Study Of Indonesia And Vietnam, Ngoc Nguyen Thi Bich, Phan Quoc Nguyen Dec 2020

Inclusive And Implementable Legal Rules For E-Commerce: A Comparative Study Of Indonesia And Vietnam, Ngoc Nguyen Thi Bich, Phan Quoc Nguyen

Indonesia Law Review

Both Vietnam and Indonesia have large populations that promise major markets for e-commerce. The two nations record high internet coverage and large numbers of social media users. Recently, the countries have been trying to support e-commerce with new legal rules. In November 2019, Indonesia’s government introduced Government Regulation No. 80 of 2019 on Trading through Electronic Systems (GR 80, 2019). GR 80 requires e-commerce businesses to obtain business licenses, report taxes, and preserve consumer protections and rights. Similarly, Vietnam has issued a number of resolutions and guidelines since its Decree on E-Commerce in 2013 (Decree No. 52/2013/NĐ-CP). While these legal …

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Deconvolution Of Mono-Energetic And Multi-Lines Gamma-Ray Spectra Obtained With Nai(Tl) Scintillation Detectors Using Direct Matrix Inversion Method, Mwingereza John Kumwenda Dr Dec 2020

Deconvolution Of Mono-Energetic And Multi-Lines Gamma-Ray Spectra Obtained With Nai(Tl) Scintillation Detectors Using Direct Matrix Inversion Method, Mwingereza John Kumwenda Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Performance of a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector based on the gamma-ray spectroscopy system is not satisfactory in retaining its original peak (which is delta like function) of various gamma ray spectrum. The method of achieving precise peak for the various gamma ray was conducted by converting the observed pulse-height distribution of the NaI(Tl) detector to a true photon spectrum. This method is obtained experimentally with the help of an inverse matrix deconvolution method. The method is based on response matrix generated by the Monte Carlo simulation based on Geant4 package of mono-energy gamma-ray photon ranging from 0.050 to 2.04 MeV in …

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Comparative Analysis Of Multiplicative And Additive Noise Based Automated Regularizations In Non-Linear Diffusion Image Reconstruction, Chiza Christophe Dec 2020

Comparative Analysis Of Multiplicative And Additive Noise Based Automated Regularizations In Non-Linear Diffusion Image Reconstruction, Chiza Christophe

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Multiplicative and additive noises are often introduced in image signals during the image acquisition process and result into degradation of image features. The work done by Perona and Malik in 1990 and its modified versions revolutionized the way through which noises or speckles are removed. The Perona-Malik model requires tuning of the regularization parameter to control and prevent staircase artifacts in restored images. The current manual tuning is a challenging and time consuming practice when a long queue of images is registered for processing. Attempt to automate the regularization parameter appeared in Perona-Malik model with self-adjusting shape-defining constant. Although both …

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Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi Dec 2020

Assessment Of The Performance Of Grinding Circuit For Buzwagi Gold Mine, Alphonce Wikedzi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

It had been reported by the management of Buzwagi Gold Mine (BGM) that grinding circuit was designed to produce final product size of 125 μm, which had not been achieved for a long period of time under both, low to normal (i.e. 450-600 t/h) and high (i.e. > 650 t/h) throughputs. Also, the performance behaviour of the circuit had not been reviewed after long time of operation. Hence, an evaluation study was conducted in order to recommend improvement in mine operations. The study was realized through three circuit survey campaigns and laboratory experimentations. From the surveys, size distributions and solids contents …

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Fermentability Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Hydrolyzates From Aspenwood And Pinewood, Kando Janga Dec 2020

Fermentability Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Hydrolyzates From Aspenwood And Pinewood, Kando Janga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions. Portions of each of the original hydrolyzates were concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the sugar fraction to simulate industrial applications. Both sets of hydrolyzates were fermented anaerobically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581. After 23 hours of fermentation, complete glucose consumption was observed for all the original hydrolyzates, with no signs of inhibition. The ethanol yields from these hydrolyzates ranged from 68% to …

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Analysis Of Performance Characteristics Predicted From Several Experimental Data And Conversion Methods For Pumps As Turbine Application Using Statistical Techniques, Ombeni J. Mdee Dec 2020

Analysis Of Performance Characteristics Predicted From Several Experimental Data And Conversion Methods For Pumps As Turbine Application Using Statistical Techniques, Ombeni J. Mdee

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Different performance characteristics have been indicated when running centrifugal pumps in the reverse direction. The water flows from the discharge side of the pump to the suction side to run in the reverse direction and generate the mechanical rotational energy for the micro-hydropower plant. The current study evaluates the extent of variation of performance characteristics predicted by several experimental data from different pump-specific speeds and conversion methods. The performance characteristics discussed include the head, flow rate, efficiency and specific speed. The flow rate and head of a pump operating in pump mode divided with the characteristic of the pump operating …

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Potential For Increased Rural Electrification Rate In Sub-Saharan Africa Using Swer Power Distribution Networks, Aviti Thadei Mushi Dec 2020

Potential For Increased Rural Electrification Rate In Sub-Saharan Africa Using Swer Power Distribution Networks, Aviti Thadei Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Rural electrification rate (RER) in Africa is still low to date. Several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have tried to address this problem using conventional single phase two-wire or three-phase three-wire systems, however at large costs due to the nature of dispersed rural load centres, low load demand, and low population density. Another solution of off-grid generation creates associated health problems. Therefore, this paper undertakes a review of a single wire earth return (SWER) network as a RER improvement solution. The paper undertakes intensive literature review to elucidate challenges and solutions to the implementation of SWER technology. Advantages of SWER technology …

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Wind Power Integration And Its Impact On Power Quality-A Didactic Approach, Santos Kihwele Dr Dec 2020

Wind Power Integration And Its Impact On Power Quality-A Didactic Approach, Santos Kihwele Dr

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This paper presents a model of a wind power system integrated with realistic power system, with intention of using it in addressing power quality issues in relations to grid codes during steady-state operation transient-state operation i.e., presence of grid fault events. For that case, a didactic approach of the normal performance of power systems due to the connection of fixed-speed wind turbine with induction generators is used. A study of integrating wind farms will be presented, including the incidence of high inrush current due to switching capacitor banks, out-rush current and voltage sags due to nearby three phase faults. As …

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Covid-19’S Impact On Climate Change Research And Institutional Resilience In Higher Education In Vermont And Tanzania, Stephanie Clement Dec 2020

Covid-19’S Impact On Climate Change Research And Institutional Resilience In Higher Education In Vermont And Tanzania, Stephanie Clement

Capstone Collection

The COVID-19 pandemic impacts all sectors of society. It is necessary to understand how higher education institutions (HEIs) react to, adapt to, and build resilience in the face of such a crisis. HEIs around the world shifted how they deliver education to their students and struggled to adapt to a changing economy. Yet, there is little information on how HEIs bolster their resilience to exogenous shocks, like the coronavirus. This study assesses how the COVID-19 crisis impacted institutional resilience and climate change research at four HEIs: the University of Vermont (UVM) and Vermont Law School (VLS) in Vermont, United States …

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Library Funding And Physically Challenged Students In Nigerian Universities, Adekoya Clement Ola Dec 2020

Library Funding And Physically Challenged Students In Nigerian Universities, Adekoya Clement Ola

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

One principal factor determining the provision of the required information resources and facilities that meet the needs of physically challenged students is funding. This study investigated library funding and physically challenged students in Nigerian universities, Descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population of the study was 236 librarians in 17 public universities in South-west, Nigeria. Total enumeration sampling technique was used for the study. The instrument of data collection was questionnaire. Out of the 236 copies of the questionnaire administered, 171 copies were retrieved, representing 72.5% response rate. Data collected were analysed using percentage, frequency count …

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Acute Kidney Injuries In Children With Severe Malaria: A Comparative Study Of Diagnostic Criteria Based On Serum Cystatin C And Creatinine Levels, Folake M. Afolayan, Olanrewaju T. Adedoyin, Mohammed B. Abdulkadir, Olayinka R. Ibrahim, Sikiru A. Biliaminu, Olugbenga A. Mokuolu, Ayodele Ojuawo Dec 2020

Acute Kidney Injuries In Children With Severe Malaria: A Comparative Study Of Diagnostic Criteria Based On Serum Cystatin C And Creatinine Levels, Folake M. Afolayan, Olanrewaju T. Adedoyin, Mohammed B. Abdulkadir, Olayinka R. Ibrahim, Sikiru A. Biliaminu, Olugbenga A. Mokuolu, Ayodele Ojuawo

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while …

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Modelling Optimal Control Of Heavy Alcohol Consumption On The Transmission Dynamics Of Hiv/Aids, Emmanuel Ongodia, Gasper G. Mwanga Dec 2020

Modelling Optimal Control Of Heavy Alcohol Consumption On The Transmission Dynamics Of Hiv/Aids, Emmanuel Ongodia, Gasper G. Mwanga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Unhealthy consumption of alcohol continues to be found everywhere in our communities leading to behavioural and physiological effects on neuro-cognitive function. This results into high-risk sexual behaviour mainly due to impaired decision- making capacity and impulsivity, a catalyst of HIV infection and ultimately AIDS. This paper investigates the best control combination for HIV/AIDS pandemic in a community with alcohol abuse problem. It proposes a compartmental deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS in a community plagued with alcohol abuse. The paper determines the implementation of optimal control strategies involving reduction of new HIV cases through the ABC (abstinence, being …

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Effective Use Of Hearing Aids For Acquisition Of Spoken Language For Learners With Hearing Impairement: Case Of Kisumu County, Kenya, Alice Anyango Auma Dec 2020

Effective Use Of Hearing Aids For Acquisition Of Spoken Language For Learners With Hearing Impairement: Case Of Kisumu County, Kenya, Alice Anyango Auma

Master of Education

The world is waking up to resolve the need to ensure broad-based inclusivity and equity for the hearing impaired. Kenya, a developing nation, is taking deliberate and conscious efforts towards this desired inclusive end, very much in line with Sustainable Development Goals. This study investigated the effective use of hearing aids for the acquisition of spoken language for learners with hearing impairment at St. Joseph’s School for the Deaf in Kisumu County Kenya. The study site was chosen purposively as it was a public primary school for the HI with sufficient access to appreciable governmental and non-governmental investments of HAs …

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One Health And Neglected Tropical Diseases—Multisectoral Solutions To Endemic Challenges, Jennifer K. Peterson, Jared Bakuza, Claire J. Standley Dec 2020

One Health And Neglected Tropical Diseases—Multisectoral Solutions To Endemic Challenges, Jennifer K. Peterson, Jared Bakuza, Claire J. Standley

University Honors College Faculty Publication and Presentations

One Health is defined as an approach to achieve better health outcomes for humans, animals, and the environment through collaborative and interdisciplinary efforts. Increasingly, the One Health framework is being applied to the management, control, and even elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). NTDs are a set of debilitating and often chronic infectious diseases that, collectively, affect more than one billion people in almost 150 countries, with disproportionate impact on the extremely poor [1,2]. In this Special Issue, we present a diverse body of work united under the One Health ideology and a desire to mitigate …

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The Impact Of Governance On The Reputation Of The Organization, Sarah Ahmed Abdulkreem, Hadeel Kadhm Saeed Dec 2020

The Impact Of Governance On The Reputation Of The Organization, Sarah Ahmed Abdulkreem, Hadeel Kadhm Saeed

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The current study aims to determine the extent of SOMO's interest in governance and whether this interest is sufficient to be reflected in enhancing its organizational reputation, and the field of research was in the oil marketing company SOMO. (109), (105) questionnaires were distributed, (94) forms and (11) forms were not retrieved, and the valid questionnaires had reached (91). The analytical and descriptive approach was used for the study, and the current research has found a positive impact of government on the reputation of the organization, and this research demonstrated the existence of the proposed relationship and the impact between …

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Training Needs Assessment Of Health Care Professionals In Reproductive, Maternal And Newborn Health In A Low-Income Setting In Tanzania, Columba Mbekenga, Eunice Pallangyo, Tumbwene Mwansisya, Kahabi Isangula, Loveluck Mwasha, James Orwa, Micheal Mugerwa, Michaela Mantel, Leonard Subi, Secilia Mrema, David Siso, Edna Selestine, Marleen Temmerman, Grace Edwards Dec 2020

Training Needs Assessment Of Health Care Professionals In Reproductive, Maternal And Newborn Health In A Low-Income Setting In Tanzania, Columba Mbekenga, Eunice Pallangyo, Tumbwene Mwansisya, Kahabi Isangula, Loveluck Mwasha, James Orwa, Micheal Mugerwa, Michaela Mantel, Leonard Subi, Secilia Mrema, David Siso, Edna Selestine, Marleen Temmerman, Grace Edwards

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Healthcare delivery globally and particularly in low-income setting is challenged by multiple, complex and dynamic problems. The reproductive, maternal and newborn health (RMNH) care is among the most affected areas resulting into high maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity across the Sub Saharan region and Tanzania in particular. However, under-investment in adequate education and training of health care providers (HCPs) is reported worldwide and contributes to the critical shortages, and lack of adequate knowledge and skills among HCPs. The aim of this study was to assess the training needs among HCPs of RMNH care in selected health facilities …

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Female Enrolments In Stem In Higher Education: Trend Analysis From 2003 – 2018: Knust As A Case Study, Mercy Vanessa D. Appiah-Castel,, Richard Bruce Lamptey, Kemi Titiloye, Welhemina Adoma Pels Dec 2020

Female Enrolments In Stem In Higher Education: Trend Analysis From 2003 – 2018: Knust As A Case Study, Mercy Vanessa D. Appiah-Castel,, Richard Bruce Lamptey, Kemi Titiloye, Welhemina Adoma Pels

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Tertiary education in Ghana has experienced rapid growth in accessibility and participation. It is evident that Ghana has made some positive and impressive progress towards increasing access to education and narrowing gender gaps at the pre-tertiary education levels, yet these developments have not translated commensurately in higher education level. This study investigates the effectiveness of the directives and the Vice-Chancellors' initiatives introduced and designed to increase female students' enrolment at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). The study used enrolment data from KNUST, the university’s initiatives and directives on female enrolments, KNUST recorders, online articles, publications and …

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Overview Of Antiretropulsion Devices For Prevention Of Inadvertent Stone Migration During Pneumatic Lithotripsy For Ureteric Stone, Ali Akbar Zehri, Miten Patel, Philip Adebayo, Authar Ali Nov 2020

Overview Of Antiretropulsion Devices For Prevention Of Inadvertent Stone Migration During Pneumatic Lithotripsy For Ureteric Stone, Ali Akbar Zehri, Miten Patel, Philip Adebayo, Authar Ali

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

The purpose of the present chapter is to provide an update about the use of preventive devices used to stop retrograde stone migration during pneumatic lithotripsy for ureteric stone management. The aim to reduce the cost, ancillary procedure, reduce the operative time and improve the stone free rate. The hunt for ideal cadget to stop retrograde stone migration is still continue in 21 century.

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Information Resource Sharing In Academic Libraries: Tanzanian Context, Christian Mubofu, Salatiel Chaula Nov 2020

Information Resource Sharing In Academic Libraries: Tanzanian Context, Christian Mubofu, Salatiel Chaula

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study assessed the forms, benefits, and extent of academic libraries' reliance on resource sharing. The study consisted of 66 respondents of which four (4) were library directors while sixty-two (62) were library staff. Library directors were purposely sampled while simple random sampling was used to select library staff for inclusion in this study. Data were collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) Version 20 was used to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Findings revealed that the forms for resource sharing in academic libraries in Tanzania are consortia, networking, …

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The Stability Of The Right In The Sale, Suliman Kayed, Rudeineh Al-Rifai Nov 2020

The Stability Of The Right In The Sale, Suliman Kayed, Rudeineh Al-Rifai

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

This research is a study of the concept of the stability of the rights in contracts. This topic was studied by applying it to the sale, mentioning the stages that the right passes starting from the right to its stability and its expiry.The study concluded that the stability of the right is the most important stage in the contract. It is the contractor purpose, because the stability of the right proves the right of the parties in the contract, so that each party can use the right to be responsible for his behavior. And the stability of the right is …

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Bivariate Probit Model For Testing Joint Effect Of Affordability And Desirability To Connect Electricity In Mtwara And Pwani, Tanzania, Amina S. Msengwa, Deogratias Matayo Bengesi Rugaimukamu Nov 2020

Bivariate Probit Model For Testing Joint Effect Of Affordability And Desirability To Connect Electricity In Mtwara And Pwani, Tanzania, Amina S. Msengwa, Deogratias Matayo Bengesi Rugaimukamu

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The objective of this study is to determine perceptions of joint effect of affordability and desirability to connect electricity in a household to propose an appropriate advocacy strategy for the regions of Mtwara and Pwani in Tanzania. Bivariate probit model is used to analyse data involving 162 households. Constructed Likert Scales of delightful and wary perceptions on oil- and gas-based on three questions with Likert response formats are used as part of the explanatory set of variables in the model. Marginal mean effects of the bivariate probit model indicate that wary perceptions on the use of gas are statistically significant …

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Journal Of Education, Humanities And Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 107–113 © Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education (Duce), 2020 Fatty Acids Composition Of Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Seed Oil From Tanzania, James T. Zacharia Nov 2020

Journal Of Education, Humanities And Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 107–113 © Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education (Duce), 2020 Fatty Acids Composition Of Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Seed Oil From Tanzania, James T. Zacharia

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Samples of baobab fruits from which oils were extracted were collected from Sandawi and Chamwino villages in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The oil was extracted from the kernel powders using n-hexane and the extracts were derivatized to fatty acid methyl esters, and then subjected to GC and GC-MS analyses for fatty acids content. The physiochemical properties of the oil indicated that baobab seed oil is suitable for soap-making and other cosmetics. The combined GC and GC-MS results showed the existence of eight fatty acids, namely: palmitic acid (22.02%), palmitoleic acid (1.87%), tariric acid (7.08%), elaidic acid (41.29%), oleic acid (35.72%), linoleic …

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Status Of Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection Among School-Going Children In Momba, Mbeya, Siame Zebius, Winifrida B. Kidima Nov 2020

Status Of Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection Among School-Going Children In Momba, Mbeya, Siame Zebius, Winifrida B. Kidima

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study conducted cross-sectional and retrospective studies to investigate the burden of intestinal helminths among school-going children in Momba. Direct wet mount and Kato-Katz thick smears techniques were used to determine the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasites, respectively. Out of 359 stool samples analysed, 28% were positive for intestinal parasites. Hookworm infections attributed to 10% of total infection, Ascaris lumbricoides 6%, Giardia lamblia 7%, and Entamoeba histolytica 5%. The prevalence of intestinal infection decreased with increasing age (p < 0.5). Hookworm was the most prevalent STH infection among children (p = 0.048). There was an association between taking ant-helminthic drugs and the absence of helminth infection in children (OR = 1.9, p < 0.05). No relationship existed between parents’ education level and the presence of STH infection among children (p > 0.05). Overall, children in Momba harboured low intensity helminths infection. The mean intensity of hookworm and ascaris infection decreased with age, …

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Effect Of Meteorological Elements On The Dynamics Of Bacillary And Amoebic Dysentery Disease: A Mathematical Approach, Furaha M. Chuma, Rigobert C. Ngeleja, Triphonia Ngailo Nov 2020

Effect Of Meteorological Elements On The Dynamics Of Bacillary And Amoebic Dysentery Disease: A Mathematical Approach, Furaha M. Chuma, Rigobert C. Ngeleja, Triphonia Ngailo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Bacillary dysentery, commonly known as shigellosis, is a potentially perilous and extremely contagious bacterial infection of the colon caused by—but not limited to—bacteria shigella, bacillus, E. coli, Yersinia, and the parasite amoeba. This paper formulates and analyses a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of dysentery epidemic that incorporate the effects of weather variations. It examines the stability of equilibria and compute the basic reproduction number that is coupled with the time-periodic model, and establishes results on the threshold dynamics. In the non-autonomous case, it investigates the disease extinction and uniform persistence. Results suggest that the dynamics of bacillary dysentery …

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Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Bottom Ashes From Medical Waste Incinerators And Their Associated Health Risks In Dar Es Salaam, Julius Mbuna, Samwel V. Manyele, Josephat Saria, Honest Anicetus Nov 2020

Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Bottom Ashes From Medical Waste Incinerators And Their Associated Health Risks In Dar Es Salaam, Julius Mbuna, Samwel V. Manyele, Josephat Saria, Honest Anicetus

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Bottom ashes originating from medical waste incineration contain heavy metals capable of causing adverse effects to human beings and the environment. The main goal of this study is to establish levels of heavy metals in bottom ashes from medical waste incinerators to build a basis for the development of sustainable, safe, and efficient methods for healthcare waste management. The study assessed the level of heavy metals in the bottom ashes of thermally treated medical waste from six health care facilities in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). …

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Bifurcation Analysis Of Newcastle Disease Eco-Epidemiological Model In The Presence Of Vaccination: A Case Of The Backyard Chicken, Furaha M. Chuma, Gasper G. Mwanga Nov 2020

Bifurcation Analysis Of Newcastle Disease Eco-Epidemiological Model In The Presence Of Vaccination: A Case Of The Backyard Chicken, Furaha M. Chuma, Gasper G. Mwanga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Journal of Education, Humanities and Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 42–59 © Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE), 2020 Bifurcation Analysis of Newcastle Disease Eco-epidemiological Model in the Presence of Vaccination: A Case of the Backyard Chicken Furaha M. Chuma Dar es Salaam University College of Education University of Dar es Salaam [email protected] Gasper G. Mwanga Dar es Salaam University College of Education University of Dar es Salaam [email protected] Abstract Newcastle is an infectious disease caused by the avian paramyxomovirus-1. It occurs most frequently as a disease of Avians (e.g., chicken, ducks, pigeons, guinea fowls and other …

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