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The Theory Of Planned Behavior And Sleep Opportunity: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Of Intra-Individual Variability, Michael Phillip Mead

Psychology

Insufficient sleep duration is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes, and many Americans report that they are not meeting sleep duration recommendations. Many individuals choose to restrict their own sleep, yet little is known about the source of this sleep deficit. Recent research efforts have used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to predict sleep health behavior. However, this research is limited in that it fails to measure volitional sleep behavior and focuses exclusively on between-person differences. This study addressed these limitations by using an intensive longitudinal design to test how constructs of the TPB relate to nightly …

Combining Trait And Processing Perspectives Of The Individual: Toward A New Assessment Model Of Interpersonal Competence, Michelle Ruth Persich

Psychology

Satisfying interpersonal relationships are an important and beneficial part of life. However, despite that fact that most people desire close interpersonal relationships, some people are less successful at forming and maintaining these relationships than others. One plausible explanation for such individual differences is that people differ in their levels of interpersonal competence – their ability to consistently enact behaviors that are effective, socially appropriate, and satisfying to others. The present research sought to examine different approaches to understanding and assessing interpersonal competence. A comparison of these approaches led to the creation of an Integrated Interpersonal Competence Model (IICM) that sought …

Proposed Nonparametric Tests For The Simple Tree Alternative For Location And Scale Testing, Abdelaziz Qasi Alsubie

Statistics

Location-scale problems arise in many cases, such as, bioinformatics, climate dynamics, finance and medicine (Marozzi, 2013). This research focuses on developing tests to determine whether one or more treatment effects differ from the control. It will be assumed that when a treatment effect differs from the control effect, it is greater either in mean or variance (simple tree alternative). It is also assumed that a treatment effect difference results in the change of the location and / or scale parameters between two population distributions. This research will consider the area of nonparametric tests when determining whether one or more of …

How People Take Psychological Tests: Understanding Item Response Processes On Self-Report Personality Inventories, Marvin W. Acklin

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Self-report personality inventories are the backbone of clinical and personnel assessment psychology. This paper considers how people take psychological tests by focusing on self-report item response process. Task decomposition of test item responding illuminates the processes which underlie task performance and result in a score. Attention to test item response processes has been advocated as a basis for construct validity. Developments in cognitive psychology permit detailed analysis of task components. Following a historical overview, a cognitive architecture is described which illustrates sequential and parallel processing of item content activating working, declarative, and episodic memory in a self-presentational process. Activation of …

Female Psychopathy And The Personality Assessment Inventory (Pai): A Study With Incarcerated Women, Jason M. Smith, Carl B. Gacono, Ted B. Cunliffe

Archives of Assessment Psychology

In this study, PCL-R scores were used in correlational analyses with PAI scales in a sample of incarcerated women (N = 133). The total PCL-R score was significantly correlated with many PAI scales including ANT, DRG, and AGG. Categorical analyses were also used where the psychopathic women (N = 71; PCL-R ≥ 30) were significantly higher on the PAI scales of MAN, VPI, PAR, BOR, ANT, AGG, DOM; the non-psychopathic women (N = 28; PCL-R total score ≤ 24) scored higher on the RXR scale. These results further elucidate the conceptualization of female psychopathy (borderline and histrionic personality traits) and …

Interpreting Intelligence Test Scores In Forensic Mental Health Assessments: Conceptual And Psychometric Considerations For “Intelligent” Testing, James R. Andretta, Ryan J. Mcgill

Archives of Assessment Psychology

The assessment and interpretation of intelligence tests and intelligence test scores are featured in many forensic mental health assessments (FMHA). Given the role these instruments play in adjudicating legal decisions for individuals (i.e., Atkins cases), it is critical that the scores possess adequate reliability and validity. Unfortunately, a growing body of empirical literature has raised significant psychometric and conceptual concerns about the integrity and clinical utility of IQ test part- and subtest-level scores. Apprehension has also been raised regarding the use of cognitive profile analysis interpretive methods such as the popular “Intelligent Testing” (IT) framework, which emphasize primary interpretation of …

Exploratory Factor Analysis Of The Repeatable Battery For The Assessment Of Neuropsychological Status (Rbans) In Adult Patients With Acquired Brain Injury And Brain Disease, Samuel T. Gontkovsky, David S. Kreiner, Joseph J. Ryan

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Research has offered limited support for the theoretically derived, five-factor structure of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). This investigation examined the structure of the RBANS using an exploratory factor analytic approach in a clinical sample of 248 adult patients with acquired brain injury/disease. Extraction using maximum likelihood method and subsequent orthogonal rotation yielded a two-factor model for the data, the first factor largely involving memory and the second factor emphasizing visual-spatial perception. Neither factor was pure, however, and both appeared to involve at least some degree of information processing speed. Consistent with many prior investigations …

Developmental Implications Of Child Maltreatment: Rorschach Assessment Of Object Representations, David Joubert, Linda Webster

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Child maltreatment is associated with a variety of negative psychological, social, and health outcomes. It is particularly important for healthcare professionals to assess psychosocial functioning in children and adolescents in foster care in order to facilitate optimal levels of adjustment in this population. The relative validity of two developmentally-based scales applied to Rorschach data, the Primitive Object Relations scheme (Kwawer, 1979) and the Developmental Object Relations Scale (Ipp, 1986), was investigated in a sample of 71 youth in foster care. Results from dimension reduction analyses suggest that the POR captures specific elements of primitive object relations, characterized by themes of …

Racial Exclusion Causes Acute Cortisol Release Among Emerging-Adult African Americans: The Role Of Reduced Perceived Control, Laurel M. Peterson, Michelle L. Stock, Janet Monroe, Brianne K. Molloy-Paolillo, Sharon F. Lambert

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Racial discrimination contributes to stress-related health disparities among African Americans, but less is known about the acute effects of racial exclusion on the hypo-pituitary-adrenocortical response and psychological mediators. Participants were 276 Black/African American emerging-adults (54% female; Mage = 21.74, SD = 2.21) who were randomly assigned to be excluded or included by White peers via the game Cyberball. Racial exclusion (vs. inclusion) predicted: greater negative affect (F(1, 276) = 104.885, p < .0001), lower perceived control (F(1, 276) = 205.523, p < .0001), and greater cortisol release (F(1, 274) = 4.575, p= .033). Racial exclusion’s impact on cortisol release was mediated by lower perceived control …

Assessment Of Stress Effects On Cognitive Flexibility Using An Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm, Andrew T. Gargiulo, Xinyue Li, Laura A. Grafe

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Stress affects cognitive function. Whether stress enhances or impairs cognitive function depends on several factors, including the 1) type, intensity, and duration of the stressor; 2) type of cognitive function under study; and 3) timing of the stressor in relation to learning or executing the cognitive task. Furthermore, sex differences among the effects of stress on cognitive function have been widely documented. Described here is an adaptation of an automated operant strategy shifting paradigm to assess how variations in stress affect cognitive flexibility in male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Specifically, restraint stress is used before or after training in …

Killing Them To Save Us’: Lessons From Politicide For Preventing And Countering Terrorism, Clark R. Mccauley

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

This chapter reviews and extends the analysis of mass political murder advanced by Chirot and McCauley, then applies this analysis to understanding and countering terrorism. The justification for this application is that both politicide and terrorism target civilians in the context of asymmetric conflict. Three generalizations emerge. Politicide and terrorism cannot be understood or countered without (i) studying both sides in the conflict, (ii) separate studies of leaders, perpetrators, and mass sympathizers, and (iii) acknowledgment of the threats and grievances perceived by both sides. The chapter concludes with implications for fighting the war of ideas against jihadist and right-wing terrorists.

Terrorists, Radicals, And Activists: Distinguishing Between Countering Violent Extremism And Preventing Extremist Violence, And Why It Matters, Christian Leuprecht, David Skillicorn, Clark R. Mccauley

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Racial Exclusion Causes Acute Cortisol Release Among Emerging-Adult African Americans: The Role Of Reduced Perceived Control, Laurel M. Peterson, Michelle L. Stock, Janet Monroe, Brianne K. Molloy-Paolillo, Sharon F. Lambert

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Racial discrimination contributes to stress-related health disparities among African Americans, but less is known about the acute effects of racial exclusion on the hypo-pituitary-adrenocortical response and psychological mediators. Participants were 276 Black/African American emerging-adults (54% female; M age = 21.74, SD = 2.21) who were randomly assigned to be excluded or included by White peers via the game Cyberball. Racial exclusion (vs. inclusion) predicted: greater negative affect (F(1, 276) = 104.885, p < .0001), lower perceived control (F(1, 276) = 205.523, p < .0001), and greater cortisol release (F(1, 274) = 4.575, p = .033). Racial exclusion’s impact on cortisol release was mediated by lower perceived control …

Evolving Into The Open: A Framework For Collaborative Design Of Renewable Assignments, Stacy Katz, Jennifer Van Allen

Publications and Research

Open pedagogy reconceives the notion of who creates knowledge and provides a pathway to empower students as creators. Leveraging open education resources in the classroom results in numerous benefits for students, including free access to knowledge, a participatory culture, and opportunities for innovation and creativity (Hegarty, 2015). Open pedagogical design often results in renewable course assignments, which empower students to create authentic resources that can be positioned to have greater impact through time, space, and gravity, particularly as they have longevity, reach, and value (Seraphin et al., 2018). In this chapter, we will highlight a collaborative partnership between library and …

Cultivating Belonging: Diversity And Inclusion Initiatives At The Leonard Lief Library, Lehman College--Cuny, Joan Jocson-Singh, Alison Lehner-Quam, Rebecca Arzola

Publications and Research

For the library profession, diversity and inclusion have increasingly become part and parcel of upholding the fundamental values that librarianship promotes. As the ACRL Diversity Standards state:

"Diversity is an essential component of any civil soci- ety. It is more than a moral imperative; it is a global necessity. Everyone can benefit from diversity, and diverse populations need to be supported so they can reach their full potential for themselves and their communities."*

For librarians at the Leonard Lief Library, Lehman College, a new Diversity and Inclusion Working Group (DIWG) was created in early 2018 to foster and cultivate an …

Family Features Of Social Withdrawal Syndrome (Hikikomori), Malagón-Amor, Luis Miguel Martín-López, David Corcoles, Anna González, Magda Bellsolà, Alan R. Teo, Antoni Bulbena, Victor Pérez, Daniel Bergé

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Family may play an important role in the origin, maintenance, and treatment of people with social withdrawal. The aim of this study is to analyze family factors related to social withdrawal syndrome.

Methods: Socio-demographic, clinical, and family data, including family psychiatric history, dysfunctional family dynamics, and history of family abuse were analyzed in 190 cases of social withdrawal with a minimum duration of 6 months that started an at-home treatment program. Data were analyzed at baseline and at 12 months.

Results: In 36 cases (18%) neither the patient nor the family allowed at home evaluation and treatment by the …

Hostos Community College Academic Bulletin 2020-2022, Hostos Community College

College Bulletins

This is the official college catalog for 2020-2022. It contains course descriptions as well as information on degree programs, college resources and services, financial aid, admissions, and the academic calendar.

Critical Thinking And Critical Literacy: Mutually Exclusive?, Kristi Giselsson

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Critical thinking is a core skill within tertiary education, traditionally relying on such principles as logic and truth. Relativistic pedagogical frameworks, such as critical literacy, however, have become increasingly widespread within all levels of education and call into question such principles. In order to ascertain whether critical thinking skills are enhanced or hindered by relativistic approaches, the assessment results of students studying critical literacy within an enabling program at a regional university in Australia were analysed in a small-scale study. The findings potentially suggest that the framework of critical literacy may have had a negative impact on students’ results and, …

University Of Central Florida Libraries, Annual Report 2019-2020, University Libraries

Libraries' Documents

No abstract provided.

Irish Construction Cross Border Trade And Brexit: Practitioner Perceptions On The Periphery Of Europe, Tara Brooks, Lloyd Scott, John P. Spillane, Katy Hayward

Articles

The United Kingdom (UK) Brexit vote of June 2016 has created unprecedented uncertainty in the construction industry in Ireland but little research to date has been undertaken on existing construction trading patterns and the potential effects of regulatory divergence and other nontariff barriers in Ireland in this context. In response, this study uses mixed methods to fill this gap in knowledge. The experience of nine construction industry interviewees is probed – five based in Northern Ireland (in the UK) and four from Ireland, which will remain in the EU after the UK leaves. The researchers’ analysis of the qualitative data …

Wiser Assessment: A Communication Program Assessment Framework, Michael G. Strawser, Lindsay Neuberger

Journal of Communication Pedagogy

Learning outcome assessment is a fairly recent trend in higher education that began in the 1980s (Lubinescu et al., 2001). Today, many faculty perceive assessment reporting to be tedious, time-consuming, and irrelevant busywork (Wang & Hurley, 2012). Unfortunately, this systematic process created to use empirical evidence to measure, document, and improve student learning has in many cases lost sight of this central goal. As a result, faculty may be justified in their opinions about it. This essay proposes a framework for addressing this thorny issue via WISER. WISER is an acronym for five content pillars of the communication discipline faculty …

Borders By Consent: A Proposal For Reducing Two Kinds Of Violence In Immigration Practice, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic

Essays, Reviews, and Shorter Works

We describe a new consensual theory of borders and immigration that reverses Peter Schuck's and Rogers Smith's notion of citizenship by consent and posits that borders are legitimate and make sense only if they are products of consent on the part of both countries on opposite sides of them. Our approach, in turn, leads to differential borders that address the many sovereignty and federalist problems inherent in border design by a close examination of the policies that different borders for example, the one between California and Mexico-need to serve in light of the populations living nearby. We build on our …

Defusing Bullies, Heidi K. Brown

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Get With The Pronoun, Heidi K. Brown

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Foreword: The Conflict Over The Conflict: The Israel/Palestine Campus Debate, Nadine Strossen

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Foreword, In Kenneth Stern’S The Conflict Over The Conflict: The Israel/Palestine Campus Debate, Nadine Strossen

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

A Shield Or A Solution: Confronting The New Copyright Troll Problem, Michael Goodyear

Articles & Chapters

The past few years have seen the rise of a new threat to American access to knowledge and creativity: the attorney copyright troll. While previous scholarship has focused on the copyright owner as a copyright troll, this note examines the motivations and dangers of the attorney as a copyright troll. Guided by the rewards copyright infringement cases offer and equipped with mass mailed letters threatening thousands of purported infringers, these attorneys are practicing a new brand of copyright law focused on extorting money over pursuing legitimate claims. This poses a danger to the spirit of copyright.

Since the efforts of …

Cognitive Biases, Dark Patterns, And The ‘Privacy Paradox’, Ari Ezra Waldman

Articles & Chapters

Scholars and commentators often argue that individuals do not care about their privacy, and that users routinely trade privacy for convenience. This ignores the cognitive biases and design tactics platforms use to manipulate users into disclosing information. This essay highlights some of those cognitive biases – from hyperbolic discounting to the problem of overchoice – and discusses the ways in which platform design can manipulate disclosure. It then explains how current law allows this manipulative and anti-consumer behavior to continue and proposes a new approach to reign in the phenomenon.

Method Lawyering: Immersion Teaching Illustrated, Kris Franklin

Articles & Chapters

Immersive law teaching uses simulated client experiences to drive the learning of legal doctrine, while enriching comprehension and mastery by integrating of a range of lawyering competencies. In an effort to “show, don’t tell,” this Article provides an immersive introduction to immersive teaching though the lens of a family law course. A series of vignettes illustrate student work in the class. The vignettes become jumping off points for more specific discussion of the nuts and bolts of teaching and learning the law in the course, and for broader consideration of possibilities for immersive learning in legal education.

Software Is Scholarship, Houman B. Shadab

Articles & Chapters

This Article provides the first systematic account and justification of software applications as works of scholarship. Software is scholarship to the extent that software functionality is derived from scholarly research, software is used as a means to develop scholarship, or software is used as a medium to communicate scholarly ideas. Software applications are superior to articles and books for communicating scholarly ideas because software is not limited by the constraints of traditional written works. Software can communicate using a wide variety of textual components, graphical elements, and programmable interactivity that significantly enhance the ability to communicate scholarly concepts, arguments, and …