Digital Commons Network^™

Oil Palm Plantations, Forest Conservation And Indigenous Peoples In West Papua Province: What Lies Ahead?, Yubelince Y. Runtuboi, Dwiko B. Permadi, Muhammad Alif K. Sahide, Ahmad Maryudi

Forest and Society

Oil palm plantations are currently expanding to the eastern part of Indonesia, especially in West Papua province. Many oil palm permits issued in West Papua occupy intact biodiversity-rich forest areas which have essential value for indigenous Papuans' socio-cultural life. This article discusses expansion of oil palm plantations in West Papua province, and its impacts on forests and indigenous people. It also assesses whether the plantations fit the Special Autonomy Law and Sustainable Development Regulation goals of the province. In general, plantations are being established in forest areas, and further planned expansion threatens intact and biodiversity-rich forests. In addition, plantation development …

High-Resolution Sampling Of A Broad Marine Life Size Spectrum Reveals Differing Size- And Composition-Based Associations With Physical Oceanographic Structure, Adam T. Greer, John C. Lehrter, Benjamin M. Binder, Aditya R. Nayak, Ranjoy Barua, Ana E. Rice, Jonathan H. Cohen, Malcolm N. Mcfarland, Alexis Hagemeyer, Nicole D. Stockley, Kevin M. Boswell, Igor Shulman, Sergio Derada, Bradley Penta

Faculty Publications

Observing multiple size classes of organisms, along with oceanographic properties and water mass origins, can improve our understanding of the drivers of aggregations, yet acquiring these measurements remains a fundamental challenge in biological oceanography. By deploying multiple biological sampling systems, from conventional bottle and net sampling to in situ imaging and acoustics, we describe the spatial patterns of different size classes of marine organisms (several microns to ∼10 cm) in relation to local and regional (m to km) physical oceanographic conditions on the Delaware continental shelf. The imaging and acoustic systems deployed included (in ascending order of target organism size) …

Predicting The Effects Of Climate Change On Freshwater Cyanobacterial Blooms Requires Consideration Of The Complete Cyanobacterial Life Cycle, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Kathleen C. Weathers, Holly Ewing, Meredith Greer, Cayelan C. Carey

All Faculty Scholarship

To date, most research on cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater lakes has focused on the pelagic life stage. However, examining the complete cyanobacterial life cycle—including benthic life stages—may be needed to accurately predict future bloom dynamics. The current expectation, derived from the pelagic life stage, is that blooms will continue to increase due to the warmer temperatures and stronger stratification associated with climate change. However, stratification and mixing have contrasting effects on different life stages: while pelagic cyanobacteria benefit from strong stratification and are adversely affected by mixing, benthic stages can benefit from increased mixing. The net effects of these potentially …

The Er Stress/Upr Axis In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease And Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis., Mahmoud Aghaei, Sanaz Dastghaib, Sajjad Aftabi, Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori, Javad Alizadeh, Pooneh Mokarram, Parvaneh Mehrbod, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Ali Zarrabi, Kielan Darcy Mcalinden, Mathew Suji Eapen, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal, Pawan Sharma, Amir A Zeki, Saeid Ghavami

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Cellular protein homeostasis in the lungs is constantly disrupted by recurrent exposure to various external and internal stressors, which may cause considerable protein secretion pressure on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the survival and differentiation of these cell types to meet the increased functional demands. Cells are able to induce a highly conserved adaptive mechanism, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), to manage such stresses. UPR dysregulation and ER stress are involved in numerous human illnesses, such as metabolic syndrome, fibrotic diseases, and neurodegeneration, and cancer. Therefore, effective and specific compounds targeting the UPR pathway are being considered …

Professional Development In Context: Investigating In-Service Development Programs For Syrian Teachers Of English As A Foreign Language During Times Of Military Conflict, Fadi Al-Issa

Dissertations - ALL

The purpose of this study is to research how teaching practices and in-service professional development of English language teachers’ in Syria have been affected during times of military conflict: what impact English language teachers in Syria perceive the professional development programs they are required to attend have on their teaching and the learning environments they provide for their students, and how this perceived impact relates to the country’s current military conflict; and to explore the ways that teachers can be assisted to enhance their in-service professional development in a country experiencing a military conflict. Thus, by probing these two issues, …

Arp2/3-Independent Wave/Scar Pathway And Class Xi Myosin Control Sperm Nuclear Migration In Flowering Plants, Mohammad F. Ali, Umma Fatema, Xiongbo Peng, Samuel W. Hacker, Daisuke Maruyama, Meng-Xiang Sun, Tomokazu Kawashima

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

After eukaryotic fertilization, gamete nuclei migrate to fuse parental genomes in order to initiate development of the next generation. In most animals, microtubules control female and male pronuclear migration in the zygote. Flowering plants, on the other hand, have evolved actin filament (F-actin)-based sperm nuclear migration systems for karyogamy. Flowering plants have also evolved a unique double-fertilization process: two female gametophytic cells, the egg and central cells, are each fertilized by a sperm cell. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of how flowering plants utilize and control F-actin for double-fertilization events are largely unknown. Using confocal microscopy live-cell imaging with a …

Fruiting Body Form, Not Nutritional Mode, Is The Major Driver Of Diversification In Mushroom-Forming Fungi, Marisol Sánchez-García, Martin Ryberg, Faheema Kalsoom Khan, Torda Varga, László G. Nagy, David S. Hibbett

Biology

With ∼36,000 described species, Agaricomycetes are among the most successful groups of Fungi. Agaricomycetes display great diversity in fruiting body forms and nutritional modes. Most have pileate-stipitate fruiting bodies (with a cap and stalk), but the group also contains crust-like resupinate fungi, polypores, coral fungi, and gasteroid forms (e.g., puffballs and stinkhorns). Some Agaricomycetes enter into ectomycorrhizal symbioses with plants, while others are decayers (saprotrophs) or pathogens. We constructed a megaphylogeny of 8,400 species and used it to test the following five hypotheses regarding the evolution of morphological and ecological traits in Agaricomycetes and their impact on diversification: 1) resupinate …

Mindful Inquiry - A Deweyan Assessment Of Mindfulness And Education, David John Wolken

Dissertations - ALL

Mindfulness-based interventions are becoming an increasingly popular means for helpingstudents deal with the multidimensional challenges they face in contemporary educational settings. While potentially helpful, an uncritical employment of mindfulness in education can paradoxically function to reify the very neoliberal social conditions leading to the need for mindfulness in the first place. I assess this trend in educational theory and practice through John Dewey’s pragmatic philosophy. I show that the potential for both mindfulness and Dewey’s theory of mind and inquiry to support critical, sustainable social change is truncated by an uncritical retaining of the modern paradigm of mind that defines …

Solar Photovoltaic Performance Monitoring: A Bibliometric Review, Research Gaps And Opportunities, Javed Sayyad, Paresh Nasikkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Electrical power generation has been revolutionized by growing demand and use of Renewable Energy (RE) sources such as Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) as the main electricity source in modern times. The main objective of this bibliometric analysis is to understand the scope of the literature available for SPV performance characterization. This detailed reviewed was performed on the documents related to SPV research considering all the subject categories from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The patterns for the particular set of keywords were broke down with the recuperated outcomes from Scopus database in the language, publication type, year of publication, …

Characteristics Of The Tapanuli Orangutan Habitat In The Conflict Area Of Batang Toru Landscape, North Sumatra, Indonesia, Wanda Kuswanda, R. Hamdani Harahap, Hadi S. Alikodra, Robert Sibarani

Forest and Society

Forest fragmentation has resulted in decreased wildlife habitat, which has triggered conflicts with humans due to the use of the same plants. This has been particularly contentious with the tapanuli orangutan. Research of the tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) habitat is very limited. The aims of this research is to examine the latest habitat conditions, such as land cover, composition of vegetation, feed plant, and habitat carrying capacity to provide recommendations for habitat management in developing a mitigation policy of the human-tapanuli orangutan conflict. The research location is focused on the area of human-orangutan conflict in the Batang Toru …

Efficiency Of Land Use In Smallholder Palm Oil Plantations In Indonesia: A Stochastic Frontier Approach, Dyah Wulan Sari, Faqih Nur Hidayat, Irawati Abdul

Forest and Society

Indonesia has become the country with the largest palm oil production. However, the level of productivity of oil palm per land in Indonesia tends to remain stagnant. The main objective of this study is to evaluate oil palm lands of smallholders that experience land inefficiency. In analyzing land efficiency, this study used cross-section data obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS). This study uses an input distance function approach with stochastic frontier analysis tools. Our estimation results found that on average, smallholders oil palm plantations face land inefficiency. The land inefficiency of smallholder oil palm plantations is not proportional to the negative …

Identifying Climate Change Adaptation Efforts In The Batutegi Forest Management Unit, Indonesia, Christine Wulandari

Forest and Society

The Batutegi Forest Management Unit (FMU) in Lampung Province, Indonesia is beginning to observe the consequences of climate change. Meanwhile, communities in Batutegi are also suggesting that effects of climate change are becoming more prominent in their region. Indicators include rising air temperature and the increasing regularity of extreme weather changes. Studies show that land cover has decreased by up to 95% in the region. As these trends intensify, predictions note that the Batutegi reservoir and the productivity of the surrounding protected forests will be affected. This research examines FMU efforts to adapt to vulnerabilities from environmental and climate change. …

Senyawa Santon Terisoprenilasi Dari Kulit Batang Cratoxylum Arborescens Dan Aktivitas Sitotoksiknya Terhadap Sel Hela, Jemima Syahrotul Iffah, Mulyadi Tanjung, Tjitjik Srie Tjahtjandarie, Ratih Dewi Saputri, Muhammad Fajar Aldin

Chimica et Natura Acta

Cratoxylum arborescens merupakan salah satu tumbuhan endemik Indonesia dari kelompok famili Hypericaceae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menentukan struktur senyawa santon terisoprenilasi yang terdapat pada kulit batang C. arborescens, serta menentukan aktivitas antikanker senyawa santon terisoprenilasi terhadap sel kanker rahim (HeLa). Ekstraksi dan isolasi senyawa santon terisoprenilasi dari kulit batang C. arborescens menggunakan metanol dengan metode maserasi pada suhu kamar. Pemisahan dan pemurnian dilakukan menggunakan kromatografi kolom gravitasi dan kromatografi radial menghasilkan senyawa 2,8-diisoprenil-1,3-dihidroksi-6,7-dimetoksisanton (1) dan fuskasanton C (2). Struktur senyawa santon terisoprenilasi ditetapkan berdasarkan analisis spektroskopi, meliputi UV, IR, 1D dan 2D NMR. Uji aktivitas sitotoksik senyawa 1-2 …

7-Hidroksi-6-Metoksi Kumarin (Skopoletin) Dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Chisocheton Cumingianus (Meliaceae), Nurlelasari Nurlelasari, Tiara Prima Amalya, Euis Julaeha, Desi Harneti P. Huspa, Rani Maharani, Darwati Darwati, Ug Supratman

Chimica et Natura Acta

Keanekaragaman hayati hutan tropis Indonesia merupakan sumber senyawa organik bahan alam seperti limonoid, triterpenoid, seskuiterpenoid, steroid, serta senyawa-senyawa fenolik yang struktur molekulnya beragam dan menunjukkan bioaktivitas yang menarik. Salah satu senyawa yang menarik diteliti adalah senyawa fenolik karena memiliki keberagaman baik fungsi maupun strukturnya. Senyawa fenolik pada tumbuhan dapat dijumpai pada famili Meliaceae. Genus Chisocheton merupakan salah satu tumbuhan dari famili Meliaceae yang memiliki sekitar 53 spesies, diantaranya adalah Chisocheton cumingianus. Chisocheton yang telah banyak diteliti memiliki aktivitas antikanker, antimalaria, antivirus, anti-oksidan, anti-inflamasi, anti-insektisida dan antimikroba. Senyawa-senyawa yang telah banyak diisolasi meliputi limonoid, triterpenoid, dan steroid. Pada paper ini akan …

The Good Italian, The Bad German, And The Survivor: Narratives And Counter-Narratives Of The Shoah In Italy, John Barruzza

Dissertations - ALL

The study herein explores the history and memory of the Shoah in Italy through the eyes, primarily, of survivors themselves. Pairing witness testimonies (memoirs and oral interviews) with government records, I show how Italy’s Jewish survivors, for many decades after World War II and the Shoah, continued to invoke the national myths of the ‘good Italian’ and the ‘bad German’ in their recollections, despite their frequent persecution at Italian hands. This tendency, I argue, stems from their past experiences of acceptance and integration in Italy after national unification and emancipation, experiences which extended to foreign Jews residing in Italy, as …

Modeling And Simulation Of Morphological Instabilities In Thin Elastic Solids, Junbo Chen

Dissertations - ALL

The study of morphological instabilities in thin solids, such as buckling of thin shells and wrinkling of thin sheets, is of growing interest to a number of academic disciplines including en-gineering, physics, biology, and many others. For example, buckling has traditionally been re-garded as an unfavorable phenomenon in engineering design, but emerging technologies con-sider such behavior as an opportunity for novel functionality. The formation of wrinkle patterns on thin sheets has also emerged rapidly as canonical problems to investigate pattern formation in the physics community. The nonlinearities of the post-buckling behaviors encountered in these problems make theoretical analysis a challenging …

Spectroscopic Study Of Ices With Astrophysical Interest, Shahnewaz M. Emtiaz

Dissertations - ALL

In this thesis, I investigate the physical and chemical processes of simulated cosmic dust grainsand planetary surface analogues in laboratory experiments performed at the Syracuse University Astrophysics and Surface Science Laboratory. I have studied the mid-infrared (Mid-IR) bands of thin films of pure CH4 ices and of CH4 ices mixed with N2 and H2O in order to characterize the thermal evolution of ices in confined geometry and to improve the understanding of observations of ices present in interstellar space and in outer solar system bodies. Furthermore, I studied the self-diffusion of CO2 isotopes in different thin-film arrangements. Mid-IR laboratory data …

Cardiac Organoid Technology And Computational Processing Of Cardiac Physiology For Advanced Drug Screening Applications, Plansky Hoang

Dissertations - ALL

Stem cell technology has gained considerable recognition since its inception to advance disease modeling and drug screening. This is especially true for tissues that are difficult to study due to tissue sensitivity and limited regenerative capacity, such as the heart. Previous work in stem cell-derived cardiac tissue has exploited how we can engineer biologically functional heart tissue by providing the appropriate external stimuli to facilitate tissue development. The goal of this dissertation is to explore the potentials of stem cell cardiac organoid models to recapitulate heart development and implement analytical computational tools to study cardiac physiology. These new tools were …

Characterization Of Crystalline Pigments With Low-Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy And Solid-State Density Functional Theory, Elyse M. Kleist

Dissertations - ALL

Although historical pigments are seldom found in the modern artist’s palette, their characterization is a critical aspect of designing effective conservation and restoration protocols, establishing provenance, and detecting forgeries. Ideal characterization methods are nondestructive, noninvasive, and able to distinguish between pure and mixed pigment samples. Spectroscopic techniques are commonly used to identify pigment composition because of their non-ionizing nature, rapid acquisition times, and safety. Unfortunately, the majority of these methods have difficulty distinguishing between pigments with similar chemical and physical properties. Recent advancements in instrument technology have increased the broader availability of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy …

¿Campo Para La/Os Jóvenes? Exploring Campesina/O Youth Subjectivities In Contemporary Colombia., Manuela Ruiz Reyes

Dissertations - ALL

The fate of small-scale agrarian production, livelihoods, economies and cultures and their transformations under capitalism is an ongoing and global question. Instead of focusing on agriculture, this dissertation focuses on the young adult agriculturalists (18-35 years old) as the subject under transformation. Based in the frameworks of agrarian studies, political ecology and feminist theory, and situated in the Andean region and river basin of Sumapaz, Colombia, this dissertation is a feminist political ecology analysis of agrarian livelihoods, exploring how campesina/o identity is constructed and how the decisions of continuing or not with small-scale agrarian or campesina/o livelihoods are taken and …

A Phenomenological Investigation Of The Lived Experiences Of Workplace Burnout, Wellness, And Resilience In Independently Licensed Private Practice Counselors Who Operate Their Own Practice While Maintaining A Caseload Of Clients, Sara Lynne Thaxton

Dissertations - ALL

Private practice counselors who own their practice are unique from agency practitioners in that they function as both counselor and business owner. Therefore, these counselors must work to find a balance between the human aspects of practicing and the logistical business components of owning and operating a practice. The combination of these two roles can pose unique threats to a private practice counselor’s wellness and how they experience of burnout and resilience - which may differ from agency counterparts. Although resilience and burnout experiences and practices in agency and community counselors are prevalent in the literature, there is a lack …

Multi‐Functionality Of Mediterranean Herbaceous Rangelands In Israel: A Comprehensive Pastoral/Grazing System Approach, Zalmen Henkin, S. Y. Landau, Eugene D. Ungar, Avi Perevolotsky, Marcelo Sternberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Forage‐Based Beef Cattle Production In Red Soils Region Of Southern China, Y. Y. He, Guoqing Xie, Q. H. Shi, S. L. Wen, J. R. Liu, Z. Y. Wu, M. G. Xu, W. J. Zhang, H. X. Li

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Potato Pulp Silage On Urea Nitrogen Content In Serum And Fecal Nitrogen Excretion By Lactating Cows Grazed On Artificial Temperate Pasture, Masaaki Hanada, Hiroyuki Sasada, Kazutaka Hamabe, Masahito Kawai, Meiji Okamoto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Goat Products, Breeding Objectives And Flock Structure On The Tibetan Plateau, Xusheng Guo, Ruijun Long, Luming Ding, Wolfgang Bayer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Compulsory Licensing Of Climate Engineering Patents: How Embracing Technology- And Research-Sharing Strategies Brings Us One Step Closer To Solving Climate Change, Buzz Hardin

Arkansas Law Review

The impact of climate change spans the globe and includes increasingly severe and dangerous climate events, including coastal flooding, extreme heat and wildfires, reduced crop yield, and decreased food security. In the United States, if the proper steps toward mitigating or reversing the effects of climate change are not taken, it is very likely that the United States will experience substantial damage to its economy, the health of its citizens, and the environment. In response to the challenges presented by climate change, the number of inventions in the field of climate engineering, or “geoengineering,” has skyrocketed over the past several …

Religious Views And Coping In The Black Community, Tresaundra Roberson, Elizabeth Yost Hammer

XULAneXUS

Abstract

The topic of mental illness is taboo in the Black Community. This experiment sought to explore the relationship between the religious views African Americans hold and how they deal with mental illness stigma. I considered the factors of religiosity and coping, as a predictor of what type of coping mechanism the individual would choose to use. Undergraduates were given two surveys using Likert-Scales followed by a demographic section, the first measured how religious an individual was using the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), while the second measured how often an individual used certain coping mechanisms derived from the COPE …

Effect Of Microcapsule Content On Diels-Alder Room Temperature Self-Healing Thermosets., Sadella C Santos, John J La Scala, Giuseppe R Palmese

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

A furan functionalized epoxy-amine thermoset with an embedded microcapsule healing system that utilizes reversible Diels-Alder healing chemistry was used to investigate the influence of microcapsule loading on healing efficiency. A urea-formaldehyde encapsulation technique was used to create capsules with an average diameter of 150 µm that were filled with a reactive solution of bismaleimide in phenyl acetate. It was found that optimum healing of the thermoset occurred at 10 wt% microcapsule content for the compositions investigated. The diffusion of solvent through the crack interface and within fractured samples was investigated using analytical diffusion models. The decrease in healing efficiency at …

Treatment With An Angiopoietin-1 Mimetic Peptide Promotes Neurological Recovery After Stroke In Diabetic Rats, Poornima Venkat, Ruizhuo Ning, Alex Zacharek, Lauren Culmone, Linlin Liang, Julie Landschoot-Ward, Michael Chopp

Neurology Articles

AIM: Vasculotide (VT), an angiopoietin-1 mimetic peptide, exerts neuroprotective effects in type one diabetic (T1DM) rats subjected to ischemic stroke. In this study, we investigated whether delayed VT treatment improves long-term neurological outcome after stroke in T1DM rats.

METHODS: Male Wistar rats were induced with T1DM, subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model of stroke, and treated with PBS (control), 2 µg/kg VT, 3 µg/kg VT, or 5.5 µg/kg VT. VT treatment was initiated at 24 h after stroke and administered daily (i.p) for 14 days. We evaluated neurological function, lesion volume, vascular and white matter remodeling, and inflammation …

Healing Through Ancestral Knowledge And Letters To Our Children: Mothering Infants During A Global Pandemic, Noralis Rodriguez-Coss, Miriam G. Valdovinos, Rupal Parekh

Critical Race and Ethnic Studies Faculty Scholarship

The struggle for work–life balance amongst women in academia who are both mothers and scholars continues to be apparent during a global pandemic highlighting the systemic fissures and social inequalities ingrained in our society, including systems of higher learning. Women of color professors on the tenure track are vulnerable to the intersecting ways capitalism, sexism, and racism exacerbate the challenges faced by motherscholars, making it imperative to explore these nuances. While motherscholars may share advice about navigating family leave policies or strategizing scholarship goals, no one could have prepared us for our motherscholar roles during a pandemic. We were, in …