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Impact Of Excessive Pumping On Groundwater Quality: The Arsenic Problem Of The Ganges–Meghna–Brahmaputra Delta In Southeast Asia, Rhitwik Chatterjee, Mousumi Chowdhury

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

This review of the impact of large-scale pumping on arsenic distribution reveals that groundwater-fed irrigation and domestic withdrawal impart tremendous stress on the limited groundwater resource base and disrupts the dynamic equilibrium of the groundwater system of the Ganges–Meghna–Brahmaputra (GMB) delta in Southeast Asia. Excessive groundwater extraction through pumping affects the groundwater quality in three major ways. First, excessive pumping transports atmospheric oxygen and organic-rich surface water to the subsurface. Second, it promotes arsenic build up in surface soil irrigated with arsenic-laced groundwater. Finally, it shifts groundwater replenishment zones lying at various depths near extraction points, thus, carrying dissolved arsenic …

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Increases Resistance Gene Prevalence And Α-Diversity But Decreases Β-Diversity In The Gut Microbiome Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed, Uninfected Infants, Alaric W D'Souza, Eshia Moodley-Govender, Bertram Berla, Tejas Kelkar, Bin Wang, Xiaoqing Sun, Brodie Daniels, Anna Coutsoudis, Indi Trehan, Gautam Dantas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Prophylactic cotrimoxazole treatment is recommended in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants, but the effects of this treatment on developing HEU infant gut microbiotas and resistomes are largely undefined.

METHODS: We analyzed whole-metagenome sequencing data from 163 longitudinally collected stool samples from 63 HEU infants randomized to receive (n = 34; CTX-T) or to not receive (n = 29; CTX-N) prophylactic cotrimoxazole treatment. We generated taxonomic, functional pathway, and resistance gene profiles for each sample and compared microbiome signatures between the CTX-T and CTX-N infants.

RESULTS: Metagenomic analysis did not reveal significant differences in taxonomic or functional pathway …

Pillars Of Sustainable Development–Land Capability And Conceptual Project Design, Ian D. Hollingsworth

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Conserving land capability is a pillar of sustainable development strategy. Land units comprising unique combinations of native vegetation, soils, geology, and landforms are used to interpret local environmental processes and land capabilities. An emerging practice is extrapolation modeling of edaphic parameter surfaces in Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) using statistical correlation. Commercial studies of land capability for sustainable development, including a mine closure in a national park, another closure for grazing land restoral, urban stormwater flood mitigation, and wind farm development in plantation forestry, are presented to illustrate applications and review the utility of DSM data. The first case, a mine …

Agricultural Pesticide Use In The Upper Citarum River Basin: Basic Data For Model-Based Risk Management, Rosetyati R. Utami, Gertjan W. Geerling, Indah R. S. Salami, Suprihanto Notodarmojo, Ad M.J. Ragas

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Since the middle of the 20th century, pesticide use has been a primary foundation of global agricultural development. However, the massive usage of pesticides can have detrimental impacts on human health and the environment, particularly in the aquatic ecosystem. This study determined the use of pesticides in the agricultural area of the Upper Citarum River Basin (UCRB); a crucial water resource on Java Island. A survey of 174 farmers was conducted in eight districts along the basin by using the random walk and quota sampling method. The questionnaire was designed to acquire data about the amount and types of pesticides …

Audits For The Minimization Of Eco-Anxiety In The World Economy, Karina Nazarova, Volodymyr Hordopolov, Mariia Nezhyva, Viktoriia Mysiuk, Tetiana Kopotiienko

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

The global pandemic of 2019–2020 is changing not only the lives of citizens, but also approaches to business management. The activities of audit companies have not escaped. Problematic and debatable issues need to be addressed to formulate a comprehensive approach to audits in a transformative economic environment and minimize the global economy's eco-anxiety. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of the audit in minimizing the eco-anxiety of the world economy. The study's materials were indicators of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the world, public writings of scientists, official reports of international organizations, regulations, and …

Effects Of Leaching On The Reclamation Of Saline Soils As Affected By Different Organic And Inorganic Amendments, Sajal Roy, Nasrin Chowdhury

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Soil salinity, which poses one of the greatest threats to sustainable crop production worldwide, can be ameliorated through various approaches, such as leaching, mulching, and amendment application. The effects of leaching and amendments on saline soil reclamation have been studied separately, but their interaction is poorly elucidated. Therefore, a column experiment was designed with soils that were subjected to leaching with 2 and 4 pore volume (PV) of water and compared with non-leached soils (NLS) to observe the effects of leaching on saline soil and leachate characteristics under different organic (vermicompost [VC] and wood ash [WA]) and inorganic (zeolite) amendments …

An Esoteric Case For The Scientific Study Of Meditation, Vish Chatterji

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

The science of meditation has served to help overcome ego-related obstacles in meditation, and has enable the propagation of a powerful tool for the increased consciousness, health and peace of humanity.

Specimens, Sara Kapadia

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

A short rumination on specimens

Evolution Of Island, Dominique Kongsli

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

Evolution of Island emerged from the depths of an ocean of blue paint. My process involves observation of nature: I remember scuba diving in Thailand in the Andaman Sea and having a spiritual experience underwater while observing Christmas-tree worms pop in and out of the coral.

Drawing Parallels In Art Science For Collaborative Learning: A Case Study, Karen Westland

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

This research paper explores drawing as a tool to facilitate interdisciplinary practice. Outlined is the personal experience of PhD researcher [name removed] in their physics/craft research project, combined with thoughts and opinions from collaborators gathered through group discursive interviews. Interdisciplinary projects face interpersonal and conceptually ambiguous challenges which can be addressed through adopting drawing techniques for educational purposes. Findings highlight that drawing can assist across a breadth of applications as a learning tool for everyone, regardless of drawing ability, to improve the functionality of collaborative projects. Specifically, drawing combined with other communication techniques develops a performative communicative approach that enriches …

Visual Arts Enhance Instruction In Observation And Analysis Of Microscopic Forms In Developmental And Cell Biology, Max Ezin, Christina Noravian, Amira Mahomed, Adam Lyle, Aveleen Gill, Tamira Elul

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

Two important skills for scientists in developmental and cell biology, as well as in fields such as neurobiology, histology and pathology, are: 1) observation of features and details in microscopic images of cells, and 2) quantification of cellular features observed in microscopic images. However, current training in developmental and cell biology does not emphasize observation and quantitative analysis of microscopic images, and it is unclear how best to teach students these skills. Here, we describe our experiences applying visual artistic approaches to instruct undergraduate and graduate students in how to observe and analyze cellular forms in microscopic images. At Loyola …

Ecopedagogy In The Fourth Grade Classroom: Reflections On Implementing A Multidisciplinary Steam Program, Argie Campbell, Gary Padgett

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

This article is about teaching ecoliteracy/ecopedagogy in K-12 classrooms throughout North Alabama. Rather than present the information to students as a standalone science program, this research advocates for a cross curricular approach that grounds ecoliteracy in the social justice issues that necessary to teach about sustainability. This research employed a mixed method design as the current agriculture and biology curriculums were modified for cultural relevancy. The qualitative methods consisted of case studies and the quantitative methods consisted of analyzing the data collected utilizing the Connectedness to Nature scale, which was developed in 2004.

Antibacterial Effect And Phytochemical Analysis Of The Shoot System Of Rubus Canescens Dc. Growing In Lebanon, Omar Assafiri, Hiba Abdallah, Mohammed El-Dakdouki

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The misuse of antibiotics followed by improved fitness of resistant strains of infectious microorganisms hindered the efficacy of many known antimicrobial agents, and fueled research for the discovery of novel remedies. The current study aims at assessing the antimicrobial activity and understanding the mechanism of action of Rubus canescens DC. growing wild in Lebanon, as well as qualitatively determining its phytochemical profile. The antibacterial activity, MIC, and MBC of the extracts were evaluated by two-fold dilution. Time-kill curves were plotted to assess the bactericidal activity of the R. canescens DC. extracts against the growth of microorganisms, and TEM images were …

Waterpipe: A Global Alarming Problem, Tarek Houri, Bilal Osta, Sara Mobayed, Rayan Farha, Mazher Issa

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Waterpipe popularity has increased significantly in the recent decades to become the major cause of death worldwide. This practice, which is also known as hookah, shisha and Narghile that is based on tobacco burning, increases the percentage of tobacco smokers especially among young people, due to several factors such as the attracting effect of sweetened tobacco, the marketing role and the social acceptance of waterpipe. A literature review was constructed using "Pub med" as a searching tool to confirm by studies the differences in adverse effects between waterpipe and cigarette by analyzing the toxicant’s levels generated from them, evaluating the …

Moringa Oleifera Leaves Aqueous Extract Induce Apoptosis In Ht29 Cell Line, Farah Reda, Jamila Borjac, Julnar Usta

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Moringa oleifera (MO) tree has been recognized for the nutritional and medicinal values, attributing anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, and antidiabetic activities of the alcoholic and/or water extracts to its various parts. Recent research has focused on therapeutic anti-cancerous effects of the water extract of MO leaves (MOE), commonly consumed as hot beverage. In-vitro cytotoxicity on esophageal, lung, and breast cancer cells were reported by MOE. The aim in this study is to investigate the anti-cancerous potential of MOE on the colon carcinoma HT29 cells. MO water extract (MOE) was prepared at concentrations (0.1%-0.5%). MOE anti-proliferative effect on HT29-cells was assessed by measuring …

Photoluminescence Spectroscopic Studies Of Mn2o3/Co3o4-Glucose/Lactose Complexes, Alaa Abdallah, Jamalat Al Boukhari, Rana Najjar

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

As nanoparticles serve as mediators in the electron transfer between biomolecules and a biosensor’s electrode surface, this study is dedicated to investigating Mn2O3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles and their photoluminescence effect that play a critical role in sensing glucose and lactose. The chemical coprecipitation method was adopted for preparing the nanoparticles that were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray, UV-vis spectroscopy, and Vibrating Sample Magnetometry. It was found that the obtained Mn2O3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles were successfully prepared, with a crystallite size of 65.91 and 58.00 nm, respectively. The high specific surface area …

Activation Of Fly Ash To Stabilise Lead Contaminated Soils And Solutions, Mabrouk Hassan Arhoma

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

The role of pH on removal of metal contaminated solution was investigated by adding gradually drops of NaOH to lead solutions, the increase of the pH was observed and concentration of lead solution was measured by using ICP. The activated \ pulverised fly ash (PFA) was used as stabilizing material. The leaching behaviour of lead was investigated using 5 grams of the soil thoroughly mixed with 0.1g of the stabilising material in a polypropylene container to which 50ml of either deionised water; the mixture was shaken on a flat bed shaker for 2h, and then filtered using a What man …

Essential Control To Environmental Regulations For Oil And Gas Industry: Spotlight On Drilling Processes In Lebanon, Rami Harkouss

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

At present, environmental legislation bounds the drilling operators in drilling wastes removal. The rapid increasing sensitivity of drilling waste management forced many countries to develop environmental guidelines for their drilling operations. This research studies some sorts of waste produced during upstream petroleum activities, particularly while drilling. After that, many hazards and impacts on the environment are addressed, as well as their principal treatment techniques. This paper gives a modest and theoretical vision over the present environmental standard and waste management design, realized at a universal scale. Studies show that performance fluid management and total fluid management are highly recommended in …

Response Of Arid Grassland Community Standing Crop To Banning Grazing And Deferral Grazing Management, Zhijun Wei, Ruirui Yan, Hongmei Liu, Xiangjun Yun

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Climate Change On Livestock Carrying Capacity Of Inner Mongolia, Yurong Wei, Ruiqing Guo, Xuebiao Pan, Buju Long

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Relationships Of Milk Production Of Beef Cows To Postweaning Gain Of Their Calves, X. Z. Wang, Michael A. Brown, F. Q. Gao, J. P. Wu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Rangeland Resource Status And Its Variability In Zoige, Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, Qian Wang, Ning Wu, Peng Luo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Numerical Analysis Of Breast Cancer Cell With Gold Nanoparticles Necrosis By Laser Hyperthermia, Shna A. Karim, Yousif M. Hassan

Polytechnic Journal

Laser hyperthermia treatment of cancer tissue is widely used in cancer treatment to destroy cancer cells. This study focus on the mechanisms of heat transfer in biological tissues to minimize damage to the tissues resulting from extra heat applied. The important feature of this method is heating of specific region to raise its temperature to a threshold temperature and destroying cancer cells without to destroy surrounding tissue. In this study, we have used the combinations of laser light and gold nanoparticles to investigate the influence of nanoparticles on the spatial distribution of temperature in the tumor and healthy tissues. Accurate …

Formation Of Teachers' Competence In Accordance With International Programs, Zukhra Yakhshieva, Shakhnoza Sidiqova

Mental Enlightenment Scientific-Methodological Journal

Abstract. The article highlights the importance of the modern field of professional activity of the individual, which is changing dynamically, which is certainly a leading factor in the development of modern vocational education. The competent approach reflects the knowledge-oriented attitude of professionals towards the formation of their ability and readiness to solve professional problems effectively and independently in a variety of situations. The article highlights the importance of shaping the competencies (general cultural and professional) of future professionals as reflected in the educational standards of higher education. The results of the experiment are presented, where the knowledge of students was …

Protection Of Plants For Years In The Plantations Of Ferula Tadshikorum Pimenov, Moxira Asatullaevna Khalkuzieva, Umarqul Rahmonqulov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

This article provides a brief biology of the Tajik kovrak (F.tadshikorum Pimen.) And information on the establishment of plantations in the arable lands of Arnasay district of Jizzakh region in 2015-2019 by sowing seeds of the plant from different regions. The experiment was of two types: Option 1, in which the soil was well tilled, plowed, and then sown, and Option 2 was chiseled and then sown in seedbeds. It was found that planting resin-bearing husks in plowed areas gave better results than in chisel-planted areas. In both cases, the number of fragile seedlings has been declining over the years. …

Study Of Natural Resources, Anatomical Structure And Chemical Composition Of Helichrysum Maracandicum Of Tashkent Region, Olimjon Kaxharovich Khojimatov, Dilovar Talibdjonovna Khamraeva, Alisher Nuralievich Khujanov, Asadbek Tajikulovich Sarabekov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

The article contains data on the morphological-anatomical structure of the leaf, stem and flower, the chemical composition of the inflorescence, as well as the reserves of a valuable medicinal plant - the Immortal of Samarkand. During the study, the places of distribution of this plant in the Tashkent region and its biological and operational reserves were determined. In addition, according to the results of the morphological and anatomical structure, places of localization of biologically active substances in the elements of the flower and inflorescence were established, as well as the chemical composition of the basket was studied. On the basis …

The Seed Biology Of Some Fodder Legumes Plants (Fabaceae) In The Arid Zone Of Uzbekistan, Khazratkul Kilichevich Karshibaev, Jaxongir Khazratkulovich Karshibaev, Zarina Furkatovna Jumaeva, Farrukh Bakhrom Oglu Abdukholiqov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

The article provides information about the quality of seeds: infestation, germination, humidity and mass of 1000 seeds of some fudder legumes plants. The infestation of seeds in the studied species in natural conditions ranges from 16,9 to 22,4 %, and the moisture content of seeds was 12.9-15.4 %, depending on the species. Hard-seeding is very high, from 80.6 (O.micrantha) to 95.4% (A.sieversianus). Seed dormancy in the studied taxa according to the classification of M. G. Nikolaeva et al. (1985) belongs to the physical group of exogenous dormancy– Af. The rate of water intake to seeds largely depends on the heterogeneity …

Obtaining And Propertics Polymermetalcomplex On The Base Carboxymethylcellulose And Selenium, Abdishukur Abduhalilovich Sarymsakov, Khaydar Ergashovich Yunusov, Foziljon Mamarayim O’G'Li Turakulov, Javlon Zafar O’G’Li Jalilov, Ziyovuddin Zayniddinovich Hakimov, Bychkovsky Mihayilovich Pavel, Mamarayim Aynaqulovich Turakulov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

In this study, technical sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) with degree of substitution (DS) = 0.62-0.90 and a degree of polymerization (DP) = 200-600 were washed in 70% ethyl alcohol and a 2% fraction of purified Na-CMC was centrifugation at a speed of 6000 rpm for 20 minutes. A 0.1 M solution of SeO2 was added to the centrifuged Na-CMC solution at 60 ⁰C and mixed mechanically. Samples of gels, films and powders containing a solution of Na-CMC containing stabilized selenium nanoparticles synthesized by chemical reduction were taken and their physicochemical properties were studied. The size and shape of selenium nanoparticles present …

Protection Of Plants For Years In The Plantations Of Ferula Tadshikorum Pimenov, Moxira Asatullaevna Khalkuzieva, Umarqul Rahmonqulov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

This article provides a brief biology of the Tajik kovrak (F.tadshikorum Pimen.) And information on the establishment of plantations in the arable lands of Arnasay district of Jizzakh region in 2015-2019 by sowing seeds of the plant from different regions. The experiment was of two types: Option 1, in which the soil was well tilled, plowed, and then sown, and Option 2 was chiseled and then sown in seedbeds. It was found that planting resin-bearing husks in plowed areas gave better results than in chisel-planted areas. In both cases, the number of fragile seedlings has been declining over the years. …

The Seed Biology Of Some Fodder Legumes Plants (Fabaceae) In The Arid Zone Of Uzbekistan, Khazratkul Kilichevich Karshibaev, Jaxongir Khazratkulovich Karshibaev, Zarina Furkatovna Jumaeva, Farrukh Bakhrom Oglu Abdukholiqov

Bulletin of Gulistan State University

The article provides information about the quality of seeds: infestation, germination, humidity and mass of 1000 seeds of some fudder legumes plants. The infestation of seeds in the studied species in natural conditions ranges from 16,9 to 22,4 %, and the moisture content of seeds was 12.9-15.4 %, depending on the species. Hard-seeding is very high, from 80.6 (O.micrantha) to 95.4% (A.sieversianus). Seed dormancy in the studied taxa according to the classification of M. G. Nikolaeva et al. (1985) belongs to the physical group of exogenous dormancy– Af. The rate of water intake to seeds largely depends on the heterogeneity …