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An Unintended Activist: Judge Ronald N. Davies And The Influence Of The Northern Plains On Twentieth-Century Civil Rights And Judicial Progressivism, Stacy Michelle Reikowsky

History, Philosophy, and Religious Studies

A devotion to an open and progressive interpretation of human rights and the law secured Judge Ronald N. Davies’ legacy as an unintended, yet influential activist for advancing civil rights and of the twentieth century. His views helped change the definition and meaning of judicial activism in the modern vernacular and transform it into a new notion of judicial progressivism. A biography of Davies crystallizes the meaning of the racial and civil relations across an evolving American landscape. A study of his life alters the way in which scholars and the public perceive and understand the role of the Northern …

Characterization Of Coal Particles In The Soil Of A Former Rail Yard And Urban Brownfield: Liberty State Park, Jersey City (Nj), Usa, Diane F. Hagmann, Michael A. Kruge, Nina M. Goodey, Jennifer Adams Krumins

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

From the 1850's until the 1960's, the Central Railroad of New Jersey was among several major railways shipping anthracite and bituminous coal to the New York City area, transferring coal from railcar to barge at its extensive rail yard and port facility in Jersey City. The 490 ha Liberty State Park was developed on the site after the rail yard closed, but a ca. 100 ha brownfield zone within the park remains off limits to visitors pending future remediation. As part of an environmental forensic and industrial archeological investigation of this zone, the present study characterizes anthracite and bituminous coal …

Improving Low Health Literacy In Poststroke Patients By Educating The Health Care Staff, Marthilde Brzycki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Lack of health literacy in the poststroke patient population is a serious issue; with the addition of the homeless population to that group, the result may be devastating. According to the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA, 2016), stroke is considered the primary cause of death and one of the chief reasons for disability in the United States, and nearly75% of strokes occur in those who are 65 years of age or older. Nurse practitioners are vital, providing necessary training and stroke education to the nursing and other health care staff. This DNP project was initiated to …

The Battleground For The American Past: The Influence Of The Vietnam War In Contemporary Memory, Chelsea Dawn Olmsted

History, Philosophy, and Religious Studies

Commemorative programming for historic anniversaries reveals an interpretive and narrative evolution between public memory and history. The divisiveness of the war and the public’s ambivalence about its meaning allowed for broader interpretive perspectives compared to earlier war commemorations. Research on the evolving narratives considers how public memory informs identity and affects historical interpretations. Recent museum exhibits, historic sites, and films about the Vietnam War bring into focus the changing narrative of the Vietnam War. Case studies for this research are the Washington, D.C. National Archives and Records Administration Remembering Vietnam exhibit, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund’s plans for an education …

'They Ain't Afraid Of No Ghosts': Dark Tourism At Historic Sites, Kaci Lynn Johnson

History, Philosophy, and Religious Studies

Dark tourism, a subsection of heritage tourism, is growing in popularity and center around historic sites and museums. Those sites are put in the position to take advantage of the surging popularity of dark tourism by offering programming that complements it. Ghost tours, paranormal investigations, and haunted houses have all been utilized by museums and historic sites to boost revenue and attendance numbers. The implementation of dark programming raises difficult discussions on the role of museums in society and the ethics of profiting off of ghosts, spirits, and the paranormal. The decision to produce dark programming as a complement to …

Impact Of Public Transit And Walkability On Quality Of Life And Equity Analysis In Terms Of Access To Non-Work Amenities In The United States, Muhammad Asif Khan

Transportation Logistics and Finance

The past literature suggest that transportation can impact quality of life (QOL) both directly and indirectly. The first part of this dissertation attempted to comprehensively evaluate the impact of transportation (specifically public transit, and walkability) along with physical built environment, and sociodemographic indicators on community QOL, and overall life satisfaction (OLS) of an individual living in his community. The study used an advanced technique of structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the impact of these factors on community QOL and individual’s OLS. The study results revealed that physical built environment, public transit need for a community, perceived public transit importance …

Three Essays On Shared Micromobility, Ali Rahim-Taleqani

Transportation Logistics and Finance

Shared micromobility defines as the shared use of light and low-speed vehicles such as bike and scooter in which users have short-term access on an as-needed basis. As shared micromobility, as one of the most viable and sustainable modes of transportation, has emerged in the U.S. over the last decade., understanding different aspects of these modes of transportation help decision-makers and stakeholders to have better insights into the problems related to these transportation options. Designing efficient and effective shared micromobility programs improves overall system performance, enhances accessibility, and is essential to increase ridership and benefit commuters. This dissertation aims to …

Lithic Organization, Mobility, And Place-Making At The Frog Bay Site: A Community-Based Approach, Elizabeth Louise Cheli

Sociology and Anthropology

The Frog Bay site (47BA60) has been excavated for three field seasons. Excavations in 1979 located the site and continued in 2018 – 2019 by the Geté Anishinaabe Izhichigéwin community archaeological field school. This program commenced from a sovereignty initiative surrounding the creation of the Frog Bay Tribal National Park directed by the Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa. Within the park, the Frog Bay site represents a multicomponent shorebased camp that was occupied numerous times during the Archaic and Woodland stages (ca. 3000 BC – AD 900). Structured through a community-based Indigenous theoretical framework, lithic analysis and community …

Domestic Violence And Sexual Assault That Impacts Women And Child Welfare, Fnu Ahadujjaman

Sociology and Anthropology

Domestic violence is a global problem of immense proportions. At least one in every three women globally has been beaten, coerced into sex, or abused in some other way; most often by someone she knows, including by her husband/wife or another male/female family member" (UNICEF; 2006. 14 p.). Domestic violence in America comes under many different names, including domestic violence, family violence, intimate partner violence, sexual harassment, and sexual assault. The paper's focus is to understand the individual-level experiences of domestic violence and the impacts on their personal and social life. I will start by examining Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography …

Stable, Affordable Housing And Its Effects On Human Capital (Wealth, Health, And Education), Marisa Sauceda

Sociology and Anthropology

This paper was written with the intent to inform or persuade policymakers and state and local officials on the topic of affordable housing. The guiding question in the below research asks what the effect stable, affordable housing has on three categories of human capital; Health, Wealth, and Education. The introduction reviews the history of housing including housing policy, the housing market, and the housing gap minorities face in America. Following the introduction is a literature review detailing the effects stable, affordable housing, or lack thereof, has on a household financial stability and wealth, physical and mental health, and education. Housing …

The Effects Of Traditional Gender Norms On The Fate Of Girls' Education In Tajikistan, Parvina Yakubova

Sociology and Anthropology

Tajikistan is the only post-Soviet republic that went through a civil war after the collapse of the Soviet Union, which negatively impacted all aspects of the country as well as education, particularly girls’ education. The limitations on Tajik girls’ education are due to economics and gender norms that are critical factors. This paper highlights the girls’ education condition in the period from 1995 to 2019, which is the post-war period, in the capital city, Dushanbe, and rural areas of the country. The review answered why girls most likely choose family life (marriage and children) rather than pursuing higher education in …

Parents Of Children With Autism: The Stigma And Emotion Work Associated With Navigating, Advocating, And Managing Autism, Paige Deana Stark

Sociology and Anthropology

This study analyzes the experiences of stigmatization and emotion work through the interview responses of eight parents of children with autism. Developing from Goffman’s theories of direct stigma and associative stigma this research integrates Hochschild’s emotion work as a way that parents respond to the stigmatization that they encounter. The results of this study indicate that some parents of children with autism perform suppressive emotion work in the way they respond to stigmatization and obstacles that occur when raising a child with special needs. In addition, stigma occurs in interactions with close friends and family members, creating issues of boundary-crossing. …

Delivering Psychological Services To Military Members, Karen C. Kalmbach, Bret A. Moore

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Since 2001, less than half of one percent of the American public have volunteered to serve in the United States Armed Forces. With high-tempo repeated deployments and unconventional warfare, the Post 9/11 military has been exposed to unique trauma and stressors during an unprecedented two-decade long conflict. In voluntarily taking on this role, members are immersed in the total institution of military culture and required to make countless personal sacrifices, often experiencing trauma or other stressors that most in a civilian population will never face. Prevalence rates of mental health problems in active duty as well as veteran populations suggest …

Skin Cancer Screening With The Use Of Dermoscopy In Primary Care, Gretchen Anne Peters

Nursing

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS) (2018), skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States. Though rare, melanoma is the skin cancer linked with the highest mortality rate (The Skin Cancer Foundation, 2019). However, skin cancer screenings fall well below levels of other routine cancer screenings and over half of patients who were referred to a dermatologist for a suspicious lesion were eventually diagnosed with skin cancer in a location other than the referral site (Bruner & Schaffer, 2012; Kownacki, 2014). Compared to naked eye examinations, dermoscopy has led to earlier detection of melanoma …

You Shall Not Pass: How Facial Variability And Feedback Affect The Detection Of Low-Prevalence Fake Ids, Dawn R. Weatherford, William B. Erickson, Jasmyne Thomas, Mary E. Walker, Barret Schein

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

In many real-world settings, individuals rarely present another person’s ID, which increases the likelihood that a screener will fail to detect it. Three experiments examined how within-person variability (i.e., differences between two images of the same person) and feedback may have influenced criterion shifting, thought to be one of the sources of the low-prevalence effect (LPE). Participants made identity judgments of a target face and an ID under either high, medium, or low mismatch prevalence. Feedback appeared after every trial, only error trials, or no trials. Experiment 1 used two controlled images taken on the same day. Experiment 2 used …

Laterality Of Eye Use By Bottlenose (Tursiops Truncatus) And Rough-Toothed (Steno Bredanensis) Dolphins While Viewing Predictable And Unpredictable Stimuli, Malin K. Lilley, Amber J. De Vere, Deirdre B. Yeater

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Laterality of eye use has been increasingly studied in cetaceans. Research supports that many cetacean species keep prey on the right side while feeding and preferentially view unfamiliar objects with the right eye. In contrast, the left eye has been used more by calves while in close proximity to their mothers. Despite some discrepancies across and within species, laterality of eye use generally indicates functional specialization of brain hemispheres in cetaceans. The present study aimed to examine laterality of eye use in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) under managed care. Subjects were …

Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Needs In Rural Nd: A Needs Assessment, Hailey Sierra Pomonis

Nursing

In order to reduce sexual risk behaviors and related health problems, preventative and educational measures must be implemented to help adolescents adopt lifelong attitudes and behaviors that support their health and well-being. Given the period of adolescence is a time of increased risk, positive health practices are vital. The end goal of this quality improvement project is to help form positive health practices during the period of adolescence, this in turn will create a healthy and strong passageway into adulthood. A qualitative approach was used to elicit the perspectives of adolescents, health providers, educators, and parents regarding the sexual and …

Implementation Of A Diabetes-Related Distress Scale In A Primary Care Clinic, Lisa Michelle Vaca

Nursing

Individuals with diabetes face many multifaceted issues when integrating their plan of care into their daily lives, which can become burdensome and lead to inadequate diabetes control. Due to the persistent demands of diabetes management, screening for psychosocial factors that can impact control, such as depression, anxiety, and diabetes-related distress (DRD) should occur routinely (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2017). DRD is distinctly different from depression in that the focus is on the burden experienced due to the rigorous treatment regimen associated with diabetes. DRD focuses on the self-management demands, complications, comorbidities, and lack of perceived social support (ADA, 2019). DRD …

Diabetes Education Among American Indians On The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation: Improving Educational Interventions In The School Setting, Lisa Marie Swanson

Nursing

Minority populations such as American Indians (AIs) in the United States experience large-scale healthcare related disparities when compared with non-minority citizens. Diabetes can affect all races and ethnicities across the globe, regardless of age, sex, or location on the map, and affects AIs at disproportionately high rates. While type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is not preventable, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be prevented and avoided in some instances. The implementation of an evidence-based diabetes program in a school-based setting has the potential to positively improve the health of school-aged children. Based on the need for high-quality diabetes prevention education, …

The Theory Of Planned Behavior And Sleep Opportunity: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Of Intra-Individual Variability, Michael Phillip Mead

Psychology

Insufficient sleep duration is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes, and many Americans report that they are not meeting sleep duration recommendations. Many individuals choose to restrict their own sleep, yet little is known about the source of this sleep deficit. Recent research efforts have used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to predict sleep health behavior. However, this research is limited in that it fails to measure volitional sleep behavior and focuses exclusively on between-person differences. This study addressed these limitations by using an intensive longitudinal design to test how constructs of the TPB relate to nightly …

The Effect Of Variable Seed-Borne Inoculum Load Of Dickeya Dianthicola On Performance And Infection Of Field Grown Potatoes, William Kalvin Larson

Plant Pathology

Field experiments were conducted at Live Oak, Florida, and Rhodesdale, Maryland, to evaluate the effect of variable seed-borne inoculum load of Dickeya dianthicola on potato plant emergence, plant growth throughout the growing season, disease prevalence in the field throughout the growing season, yield and grade, and transmission of D. dianthicola to progeny tubers. No statistically significant differences in emergence, plant height, or disease incidence were observed at either location. Statistically significant differences were observed in yield at the Florida location; all inoculated treatments had significantly lower yield than the non-inoculated control. No significant differences in yield were observed among treatments …

Fitness And Management Of Site-Specific Fungicide Resistant Cercospora Beticola Isolates From Sugar Beet, Yangxi Liu

Plant Pathology

Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by the fungal pathogen Cercospora beticola, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases on sugar beet. It severely affects productivity and profitability of the sugar beet industry. CLS is managed by using resistant cultivars, rotating with non-host crops, and applying effective fungicides in a timely manner. In North Dakota and Minnesota, site-specific fungicides, such as quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) and demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), had been widely and extensively applied to control C. beticola which has developed resistances to these fungicides. The mycelial growth, spore production, spore germination, and aggressiveness of QoI and/or DMI resistant …

Colorectal Cancer: Utilizing Educational Handouts, Endorsement Letters, And Questionnaires To Increase Screening And Identify Barriers And Facilitators At A Rural Clinic In Elgin, North Dakota, Joshua James Hadsell

Nursing

Introduction: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women combined in the United States, only 61% of eligible adults are up-to-date with current screening recommendations. Effective screening is hindered by numerous barriers and underutilization of evidence-based interventions. The purpose of this clinical dissertation project was to increase CRC screening in the rural community of Elgin, North Dakota, determine the efficacy of providing targeted educational handouts and endorsement letters, and to identify screening barriers and facilitators. Methods: Educational handouts and screening endorsement letters were developed and distributed to 75 average risk patients (without …

Understanding Escherichia Coli And Water Quality In Stormwater Retention Ponds And Detention Basins In Fargo As Part Of The Red River Watershed, Erika Leigh Olson

Natural Resources Management

Little is known about the spatial and temporal changes in water quality and E. coli throughout stormwater systems. The objectives of this study are to: 1) assess surface water within detention basins and retention ponds and adjacent groundwater to determine E. coli movement within the system; 2) determine how precipitation events impact water quality and E. coli; and 3) genetically source track E. coli and pathogens to better understand the impact on humans. Methods of this study include sampling surface water during major storm events, followed by sampling of groundwater and surface water one week later. Additional samples were taken …

Augmenting Tree Species In North Dakota: Evaluating A 'Natural Experiment', Mackenzie Kathryn Alexander

Natural Resources Management

A limited number of woody species are approved by the Natural Resources Conservation Service for conservation plantings. Unapproved tree and shrub species are sometimes planted if privately funded. This study located such plantings and inventoried them. Thirty-one (31) unapproved species were inventoried on 185 sites in 27 North Dakota counties. Landowner care seemed to play a large role in success (high survival) of such plantings. Sites that were routinely maintained tended to have a higher survival than those without. Study results were shared with local Soil Conservation District personnel. Two surveys were sent out to final presentation audience members. These …

The Role Of Eutrophication And Sediment Phosphorus Saturation In The Formation Of Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms, Taylor Young

Natural Resources Management

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have been a growing concern as global climate change and eutrophication of lakes, rivers, and oceans continually push conditions to favor cyanobacteria over other phytoplankton. Two studies were conducted assessing the impacts of hyper-eutrophication on phytoplankton communities, and phosphorous saturation in the sediments. Excess nutrients available to phytoplankton resulted in dominant cyanobacteria, and predictability of growth, by nutrient limitation, becoming drastically diminished. Sediments were observed to be fully phosphorus saturated, preventing the sequestration of excess phosphorus, and providing a consistent source of phosphorus throughout each season. Extreme saturation of nutrients reduces the predictability of systems and perpetuates …

Generation And Analysis Of Streamwise Vortices From Vortex Tube Apparatus, Bailey Mckay Carlson

Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics

A pressurized vortex tube is used to generate streamwise vortices in a wind tunnel and the resulting flow behavior is analyzed. The apparatus is intended to verify computational data from the AFRL by offering a method of conducting real-world counterpart experiments. The apparatus design process and other considered approaches are discussed. The vortex tube is operated at pressures of 20, 30 and 40 psi while the wind tunnel is operated at 3, 5, 10 and 20% capacity. Flow measurements are performed using particle image velocimetry to observe vortices and freestream interactions from which velocity and vorticity data is comparatively analyzed. …

A Comparative Study Of Machine Learning Approaches For Human Activity Recognition, Loknath Sai Ambati, Omar El-Gayar

Research & Publications

The goal of this project is to study the performance of Machine Learning (ML) techniques used in Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Specifically, we aim to 1) evaluate and benchmark the performance of various ML techniques used for HAR against established ML performance metrics using multiple datasets, and 2) map the characteristics of various HAR datasets to appropriate ML techniques. From a theoretical perspective, the research will shed light into the strengths and weaknesses of various ML techniques that can provide insights into future research aimed at improving these techniques for HAR. From a practical perspective, the research provides guidance into …

Health Risks Of E-Cigarettes: Analysis Of Twitter Data Using Topic Mining, Abdullah Wahbeh, Mohammad Al-Ramahi, Omar F. El-Gayar, Tareq Nasralah

Research & Publications

The recent rise of e-cigarettes and vaping products has increased concerns that another young generation may become addicted to nicotine. Recently, it becomes evident that several health issues are related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. The objective of this paper is to understand and identify such health issues by collecting and analyzing social media data. The analysis reflects the most important themes andtopics discussed by online user’s about e-cigarettes, vaping, and associated health issues. Using topic modeling techniques, we were able to identify several health issues related to the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. These issues …

The Effects Of Agricultural Factors On Foodborne Bacterial Pathogen Isolation, Attachment, And Survival, Autumn Lea Kraft

Microbiological Sciences

The pathogens enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes are prominent causes of foodborne illness. If they reach the pre- or post-harvest environment of produce, they can survive for extended periods of time and transfer to post-harvest processing to reach consumers. There are a multitude of factors that influence this survival, bacterial attachment, and isolation, which have been identified for pre- and post-harvest conditions. However, how these pathogens respond to the changes in these systems requires more work to inform effective control methods. To compare the efficacy of an isolation method in different types of matrices, we used …