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2020

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Design, Construction, Energy Modeling, And Navigation Of A Six-Wheeled Differential Drive Robot To Deliver Medical Supplies Inside Hospitals, Makhluk Hossain Prio Jan 2020

Design, Construction, Energy Modeling, And Navigation Of A Six-Wheeled Differential Drive Robot To Deliver Medical Supplies Inside Hospitals, Makhluk Hossain Prio

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Differential drive mobile robots have been the most ubiquitous kind of robots for the last few decades. As each of the wheels of a differential drive mobile robot can be controlled, it provides additional flexibility to the end-users in creating new applications. These applications include personal assistance, security, warehouse and distribution applications, ocean and space exploration, etc. In a clinic or hospital, the delivery of medicines and patients’ records are frequently needed activities. Medical personnel often find these activities repetitive and time-consuming. Our research was to design, construct, produce an energy model, and develop a navigation control method for a …

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Schools For Profit Or Schools For Education? A Christian School Principal’S Perspectives, Michael A. Crosby Jan 2020

Schools For Profit Or Schools For Education? A Christian School Principal’S Perspectives, Michael A. Crosby

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation is a series of speculative essays (Schubert, 1991) that address the forces of neoliberalism on schools today– both public and private. While there have been studies on the detrimental effects of high-stakes testing on public schools (e.g., Au, 2015; Giroux, 2014; Wacquant, 2000) as well as the associated harmful effects of school to prison pipeline (e.g., Saltman, 2016; Taubman, 2009), there remains little research associated with the damaging impacts of neoliberalism on Christian schools. Building upon the theoretical framework of critical pedagogy (e.g., Friere, 1970; Kincheloe, 2008; McLaren, 2015), I undertake a critical examination of neoliberalism’s calculated efforts …

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Looking Through A Culturally Proficient Lens: Georgia Elementary Esol Teachers' Perceptions Of School Leaders, Mary C. Houser Jan 2020

Looking Through A Culturally Proficient Lens: Georgia Elementary Esol Teachers' Perceptions Of School Leaders, Mary C. Houser

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the perceptions of ESOL teachers in Georgia regarding their school leaders’ cultural proficiency in working with diverse learners. The hypothesis is that school leaders must embrace diversity within the school they supervise by promoting language learning and academic success through engagement and discourse, establishing a relationship with diverse students and their families, and show a vested interest in language learning programs. The issue surrounding this research is the lack of knowledge, interaction, respect, inclusion, and understanding that some school leaders demonstrate regarding ESOL students and their parents. Using Dewey’s Theory of Experience as a theoretical framework, narrative …

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Reduced Dataset Neural Network Model For Manuscript Character Recognition, Mohammad Anwarul Islam Jan 2020

Reduced Dataset Neural Network Model For Manuscript Character Recognition, Mohammad Anwarul Islam

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The automatic character recognition task has been of practical interest for a long time. Nowadays, there are well-established technologies and software to perform character recognition accurately from scanned documents. Although handwritten character recognition from the manuscript image is challenging, the advancement of modern machine learning techniques makes it astonishingly manageable. The problem of accurately recognizing handwritten character remains of high practical interest since a large number of manuscripts are currently not digitized, and hence inaccessible to the public. We create our repository of the datasets by cropping each letter image manually from the manuscript images. The availability of datasets is …

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A Study On The Visual And Verbal Languages Of Typography, Ellyn E. Duncan Jan 2020

A Study On The Visual And Verbal Languages Of Typography, Ellyn E. Duncan

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

It takes a person 0.05 seconds to form a first impression of something new. While first impressions are quick and surface level, they are generally important in the lasting impression developed by the individual. I believe graphic designers have the ability to manipulate the first impression of their work by using the different languages of typography to command the attention of an audience and direct a planned impression. Through the testing and research of this thesis study, I aim to provide examples of how people share common responses and interpretations of visual elements and show that the visual and verbal …

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Place Vulnerability Assessment In Coastal Georgia, Usa, Bless Dupeh Jan 2020

Place Vulnerability Assessment In Coastal Georgia, Usa, Bless Dupeh

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The complexity of vulnerability to natural hazards requires a thorough assessment of both physical and social factors. Physical vulnerability explains the occupancy within hazardous zones and social vulnerability determines how a community can cope, respond to, and recover from disasters. The determination of both physical and social vulnerability helps find the overall vulnerability of a place and this in turn helps with hazard mitigation. This study assesses the overall place vulnerability by examining both physical and social vulnerability in six Coastal Georgia counties. This study also uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to generate a social vulnerability index. To obtain the …

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The Impact Of School Tasks On The Leadership Self-Efficacy Of Principals And Assistant Principals, Torri M. Jackson Jan 2020

The Impact Of School Tasks On The Leadership Self-Efficacy Of Principals And Assistant Principals, Torri M. Jackson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

State and federal accountability standards for student achievement and school improvement have increased the focus on school leadership, specifically the leadership of school principals and assistant principals. The pressure to lead schools effectively while fulfilling instructional leadership and school management tasks could impact school administrators’ perceptions of their leadership capabilities. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to identify the relationship between the instructional leadership tasks and school management tasks of school administrators and their leadership self-efficacy across multiple demographics. Survey data were collected from 73 school administrators, which quantified the leadership self-efficacy of principals and assistant principals based …

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An Evaluation Of Georgia Southern University Public Safety Department's Community Policing Program: A Residence Hall Partnership Program, Charles P. Bowen Jan 2020

An Evaluation Of Georgia Southern University Public Safety Department's Community Policing Program: A Residence Hall Partnership Program, Charles P. Bowen

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Residence Hall Partnership Program (R.H.P.P.) is the first major department wide community policing effort by the Georgia Southern police department. This study is an evaluation of that program’s first year of implementation. The evaluation process consists of a series of two mostly quantitative surveys of the residence hall students and officers of the Georgia Southern police department. The first survey was distributed at the beginning of the program during the Fall 2019 semester, the follow-up survey at the end of the Spring 2020 semester. The theories being examined are that community policing programs will improve student’s perceptions of police, …

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Between And Behind The Lines: The Life Of High School Coaches, Mary Davis Jan 2020

Between And Behind The Lines: The Life Of High School Coaches, Mary Davis

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

In this study, I write about the emotional journey of high school athletic coaches’ experiences as they move through their day as teachers, coaches, and spouses/parents. The examination of the emotions and transitions high school coaches experience has been largely unresearched. There have been examinations of teachers, the impact coaches have on athletes, and a coach as a parent, but there is not extensive research on all three roles experienced by one person. High school athletics is a tremendous part of high school, and coaches have a tremendous impact not only on their players, but on the students they teach …

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Naloxone Availability In Georgia Retail Pharmacies 44 Months After Implementation Of A Statewide Standing Order, Enjoli Willis Jan 2020

Naloxone Availability In Georgia Retail Pharmacies 44 Months After Implementation Of A Statewide Standing Order, Enjoli Willis

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Opioid overdose deaths have quadrupled since 1999. Georgia is one of 35 states with a significant increase in drug overdose deaths from 2013 – 2017, with deaths increasing by 70% during 2010-2018. Many states, including Georgia, have implemented naloxone standing orders to remove barriers to access to naloxone, an opioid overdose reversal drug that reverses opioid overdose symptoms. However, it is still not readily available in places where it is most needed. This research investigates naloxone availability in Georgia 44 months after the implementation of a statewide standing order. This research also seeks to determine if pharmacy and community-level factors …

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A Content Analysis Of Institutions Of Higher Education's Sexual Assault Policies: Assessing Response To Sexual Assault In Georgia, Brianna Williams Jan 2020

A Content Analysis Of Institutions Of Higher Education's Sexual Assault Policies: Assessing Response To Sexual Assault In Georgia, Brianna Williams

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Sexual assault is a public health concern that must be systematically addressed. The existence of a comprehensive sexual assault policy and compliance with federal regulations can guide institutions of higher education in responding to and preventing sexual assault on campus. Federal laws hold institutions accountable for providing a safe environment for students. The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to assess compliance with federal policy and assess the response to sexual assault by IHE in Georgia. Data from the National Center for Education Statistics was utilized to identify Georgia's institutions receiving federal aid during 2018-2019. Using a proportionate stratified …

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Eye Screening In U.S. Adults With Diabetes: Examination Of Trends, Racial And Ethnic Differences, And Contribution Of Medicaid Expansion, Meps 2010-2017, Karon Lewis Jan 2020

Eye Screening In U.S. Adults With Diabetes: Examination Of Trends, Racial And Ethnic Differences, And Contribution Of Medicaid Expansion, Meps 2010-2017, Karon Lewis

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent cause of vision impairment and blindness among adults in the United States. Early diagnosis of DR through dilated eye examinations can reduce the risk of vision impairment or loss. Differences in eye examination rates by race and ethnicity have been suggested by prior studies emphasizing importance of increasing insurance coverage and access to care among minority populations. The Affordable Care Act aimed to expand health insurance coverage and improve access to care. This study examined trends overall and by race and ethnicity in eye examination rates and the contribution of Medicaid expansion on changes …

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Barriers And Access To Services For Female Victims Of Violence In The Dominican Republic, Catalina Hooper Armenteros Jan 2020

Barriers And Access To Services For Female Victims Of Violence In The Dominican Republic, Catalina Hooper Armenteros

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Violence against women has presented a challenge for those tasked with addressing crime and victimization. It is a complex phenomenon that exists between the private and public spheres of society affecting nearly all aspects of a victim’s life, as well as those close to them. The Dominican Republic began to address domestic and gender violence in the past few decades, and victim services have emerged in efforts to assist Dominican women and girls escaping abuse. This study reviews the existing literature regarding violence against women and girls, and service provision in global, regional, and national contexts, and analyzes qualitative data …

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Exploring Health Attitudes And Academic-Community Engagement Of Faculty At Accredited Schools And Colleges Of Public Health In The U.S., Maria I. Olivas Jan 2020

Exploring Health Attitudes And Academic-Community Engagement Of Faculty At Accredited Schools And Colleges Of Public Health In The U.S., Maria I. Olivas

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Academic-community collaborations (ACCs) help communities identify health problems/priorities, improve social determinants of health, engage in the design and implementation of projects, and provide students with opportunities to learn outside the classrooms. Extensive research has focused on exploring challenges, facilitators, lessons learned, and best practices for conducting ACCs and engaging in partnerships. Nevertheless, no studies have evaluated the intra-organizational health attitudes of faculty in schools and colleges of public health and their impact on academic-community engagement. Organizational health attitudes matter because these are basic underlying assumptions that can shape the culture of academic-community engagement at schools and colleges of public health. …

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Assessing Hotel Employee Knowledge On Risk Factors And Risk Management Procedures For Microbial Contamination Of Hotel Water Distribution Systems, Brandon Leftwich Jan 2020

Assessing Hotel Employee Knowledge On Risk Factors And Risk Management Procedures For Microbial Contamination Of Hotel Water Distribution Systems, Brandon Leftwich

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background: Compromised hotel water supply lines by neglect or by physical and structural damage can lead to exposure of harmful pathogens to guests and staff. To reduce the risk of having contaminated water in a hotel plumbing system, some facilities may incorporate a water safety plan (WSP). WSPs are not mandatory for hotels in many US states, including the state of Georgia. As such, many hotel personnel are uninformed of WSPs and the precautions to take if their hotel water system is compromised. The purpose of this study was to identify hotel personnel’s knowledge and practices of WSPs through a …

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Multiple Imputation Using Influential Exponential Tilting In Case Of Non-Ignorable Missing Data, Kavita Gohil Jan 2020

Multiple Imputation Using Influential Exponential Tilting In Case Of Non-Ignorable Missing Data, Kavita Gohil

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Modern research strategies rely predominantly on three steps, data collection, data analysis, and inference. In research, if the data is not collected as designed, researchers may face challenges of having incomplete data, especially when it is non-ignorable. These situations affect the subsequent steps of evaluation and make them difficult to perform. Inference with incomplete data is a challenging task in data analysis and clinical trials when missing data related to the condition under the study. Moreover, results obtained from incomplete data are prone to biases. Parameter estimation with non-ignorable missing data is even more challenging to handle and extract useful …

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Church Volunteers: Finding Them, Training Then, And Keeping Them: Part 2, S. Joseph Kidder Jan 2020

Church Volunteers: Finding Them, Training Then, And Keeping Them: Part 2, S. Joseph Kidder

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Apocalypse Now: Covid-19 And The Sf Imaginary, Gerry Canavan, Jennifer Cooke, Caroline Edwards Jan 2020

Apocalypse Now: Covid-19 And The Sf Imaginary, Gerry Canavan, Jennifer Cooke, Caroline Edwards

English Faculty Research and Publications

The following conversation was conducted via Google Docs between 1st May and 23rd June 2020. The participants were Gerry Canavan (Marquette University), Jennifer Cooke (Loughborough University) and Caroline Edwards (Birkbeck College, London). Gerry is President of the SFRA; his books include Green Planets: Ecology and Science Fiction (2014), co-edited with Kim Stanley Robinson, Octavia E. Butler (2016), and most recently The Cambridge History of Science Fiction (2019), co-edited with Eric Carl Link. Jennifer is a poet and academic; her first book was on Legacies of Plague in Literature, Theory, and Film (2009) while her most recent is Contemporary Feminist Life-Writing: …

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Which Covid-19? Whose Crisis?, Gerry Canavan Jan 2020

Which Covid-19? Whose Crisis?, Gerry Canavan

English Faculty Research and Publications

The article focuses on emergence of coronavirus since December 2019 and dissolution of condition of capitalism that has been globally suffering. Topics discussed include production of social distancing, virtual learning and economic impact payment by the pandemic, risk of Blacks due to the intergenerational poverty and households impacted due to lockdowns.

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Despaire And Briton Moniments: Moments Of Protestant Clarity In The Faerie Queene, John E. Curran Jr. Jan 2020

Despaire And Briton Moniments: Moments Of Protestant Clarity In The Faerie Queene, John E. Curran Jr.

English Faculty Research and Publications

Two moments in The Faerie Queene, the Redcrosse Knight's rescue from suicide in the cave of Despaire and Arthur's rapture at reading the truncated chronicle of the Britons, are strangely similar. In each case, the hermeneutic openness that seems to be developing is halted and closed in favor of a unified, simplified, syllogistic certitude. Though both Despaire's speeches and Briton Moniments are ripe for interrogation, Redcrosse is saved by the Practical Syllogism, and Arthur reacts with an outpouring of patriotic fervor. With some matters, proliferation of thought and feeling though ordinarily salutary must be suspended. Protestantism's simplifying strain did …

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Keats In And Out Of Place: Reviews Of Keats's Negative Capability And Keats's Places, Ben Pladek Jan 2020

Keats In And Out Of Place: Reviews Of Keats's Negative Capability And Keats's Places, Ben Pladek

English Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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We Are Terror Itself: Wakanda As Nation, Gerry Canavan Jan 2020

We Are Terror Itself: Wakanda As Nation, Gerry Canavan

English Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Determination Of Meat Species By Pcr-Rflp Method Using Mitochondrial Nd4 Genein Pastırma, A Traditional Dry Cured Meat Product, Serhat Al, Harun Hizlisoy, Nurhan Ertaş Onmaz, Fulden Karadal, Candan Güngör, Yeli̇z Yildirim, Zafer Gönülalan Jan 2020

The Determination Of Meat Species By Pcr-Rflp Method Using Mitochondrial Nd4 Genein Pastırma, A Traditional Dry Cured Meat Product, Serhat Al, Harun Hizlisoy, Nurhan Ertaş Onmaz, Fulden Karadal, Candan Güngör, Yeli̇z Yildirim, Zafer Gönülalan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Pastırma is a high value, traditional, dry cured, and edible coated meat product. For economic and sociocultural reasons, it is important to know which meat species are used in pastırma. The present study aims to carry out the determination of the meat species in pastırma. A total of 144 pastırma samples were collected from different stores. After genomic DNA isolation, the total DNAs obtained were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specially designed novel primers amplifying the mitochondrial ND4 (MTND4) gene region, specific for cattle (Bos taurus), water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), horse (Equus caballus), and donkey (Equus asinus) species. …

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Pistacia Atlantica Gum Aqueous Extract Modulates Humoral And Cellular Immuneresponses In Balb/C Mice, Hadi Esmeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Zaynab Shakarami Gandabeh, Bahman Mansouri Motlagh, Ali Sheikhian Jan 2020

Pistacia Atlantica Gum Aqueous Extract Modulates Humoral And Cellular Immuneresponses In Balb/C Mice, Hadi Esmeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Zaynab Shakarami Gandabeh, Bahman Mansouri Motlagh, Ali Sheikhian

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Natural herbal products contain different compounds that can modulate immune and inflammatory diseases. This investigation aimed to examine the influence of Pistacia atlantica aqueous extract on cellular and humoral immunity in mice following the exposure to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). For this purpose, male BALB/c mice (n = 40) were randomly assigned into 4 equivalent groups. The animals received 1 × 109 SRBCs in complete Freund?s adjuvant (CFA) intraperitoneally 3 times with two-week intervals. Five days after the final injection, blood samples were taken from the animals. Additionally, 1 × 109 SRBCs were also injected into the mice?s left …

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Cover And Contents Jan 2020

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Bioaccumulation Monitoring Of Chemical Contaminants In Mussels Mytilus Galloprovincialis From The Southern Coast Of The Marmara Sea, Turkey, Serhat Çolakoğlu, İbrahi̇m Ender Küni̇li̇, Fatma Çolakoğlu Jan 2020

Bioaccumulation Monitoring Of Chemical Contaminants In Mussels Mytilus Galloprovincialis From The Southern Coast Of The Marmara Sea, Turkey, Serhat Çolakoğlu, İbrahi̇m Ender Küni̇li̇, Fatma Çolakoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mytilus galloprovincialis , the Mediterranean mussel, is an important shellfish species that constitutes the majority of production and consumption among bivalve mollusks in Turkey. Since shellfish can accumulate toxic chemicals from seawater, it is important to monitor bioaccumulation from their natural beds. For this reason, in this study, the aim was to monitor the levels of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and toxic metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) in M. galloprovincialis collected from the southern coast of the Marmara Sea from 2014 to 2017. According to the results, the maximum levels of dioxins, PAHs, and …

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The Influence Of Vitamin C And Early-Age Thermal Conditioning On The Quality Of Meat And Specific Production Characteristics Of Broilers During Heat Stress, Zoran Ruzic, Zdenko Kanacki, Marija Jokanovic, Suzana Vidakovic, Slobodan Knezevic, Slavoljub Jovic, Smiljana Paras Jan 2020

The Influence Of Vitamin C And Early-Age Thermal Conditioning On The Quality Of Meat And Specific Production Characteristics Of Broilers During Heat Stress, Zoran Ruzic, Zdenko Kanacki, Marija Jokanovic, Suzana Vidakovic, Slobodan Knezevic, Slavoljub Jovic, Smiljana Paras

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Heat stress (HS) is one of the greatest problems in contemporary chicken production and it entails significant economic losses. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of early-age thermal conditioning (ETC), vitamin C (Vit C) supplementation, and their combination on the production characteristics and specific quality parameters of the meat of broilers which were exposed to chronic HS in the last two weeks of breeding. Four hundred broilers (Cobb 500) of both sexes were divided into 4 experimental groups. Group C was given Vit C (2 g/L) dissolved in water from day 22 until the end of …

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Effects Of Selenium And Zinc Supplementation On Cadmium Toxicity In Broilers, Evangelos Zoidis, Athanasios C. Pappas, Ali Al-Waeli, Constantinos A. Georgiou, George P. Danezis, Nikos Demiris, George Zervas, Konstantinos Fegeros Jan 2020

Effects Of Selenium And Zinc Supplementation On Cadmium Toxicity In Broilers, Evangelos Zoidis, Athanasios C. Pappas, Ali Al-Waeli, Constantinos A. Georgiou, George P. Danezis, Nikos Demiris, George Zervas, Konstantinos Fegeros

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal regarded as an environmental pollutant. The potential ameliorative effect of simultaneous addition of Se and Zn to broilers against Cd toxicity was examined. A total of 180 as-hatched broilers were used. There were 4 replicate pens of 3 dietary treatments: T1, T2, and T3. In T1, Se, Cd, and Zn were added to a basal diet at 0.3, 0, and 100 ppm, in T2 at 0.3, 50, and 150 ppm, and in T3 at 0.5, 50, and 150 ppm respectively. Selenium, Cd, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Sb, As, Cr, Pb, Mo, …

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Base Study For The Establishment Of National Salmonella Control Program In Hatching Farms And Table Eggs In Turkey, Kadi̇r Serdar Di̇ker, Muammer Göncüoğlu, Güzi̇n Şahi̇n, Mehmet Akan, İsmayi̇l Safa Gürcan, Hami̇t Kaan Müştak, Nai̇m Deni̇z Ayaz, Seyyi̇de Sariçam, Merve Özdal Salar, Hafi̇ze Di̇lşad Açikalin, Gülteki̇n Ünal, Fethi̇ye Çöven, Asi̇ye Dakman, İrem Gülaçti, Emi̇ne Nazan Uzunboy Jan 2020

Base Study For The Establishment Of National Salmonella Control Program In Hatching Farms And Table Eggs In Turkey, Kadi̇r Serdar Di̇ker, Muammer Göncüoğlu, Güzi̇n Şahi̇n, Mehmet Akan, İsmayi̇l Safa Gürcan, Hami̇t Kaan Müştak, Nai̇m Deni̇z Ayaz, Seyyi̇de Sariçam, Merve Özdal Salar, Hafi̇ze Di̇lşad Açikalin, Gülteki̇n Ünal, Fethi̇ye Çöven, Asi̇ye Dakman, İrem Gülaçti, Emi̇ne Nazan Uzunboy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Foodborne infections due to Salmonella are still a major concern worldwide. Particularly contaminated egg and egg related products are the primary sources for human salmonellosis. It is necessary to determine the risk factors associated with Salmonella contamination of eggs within the scope of farm to table and environment. The objective of this study was to develop the "National Salmonella Control Program in Laying Hens" and report the prevalence and serotype distribution findings of Salmonella in laying hens and eggs in Turkey. A total of 2122 samples were collected and analysed according to ISO 6579:2002 after the isolation and identification procedures. …

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Cranial Size And Shape Sexual Dimorphism In The Kangal Dog From Turkey, Pere Miquel Parés-Casanova, Abu Bakar Siddiq, Vedat Onar Jan 2020

Cranial Size And Shape Sexual Dimorphism In The Kangal Dog From Turkey, Pere Miquel Parés-Casanova, Abu Bakar Siddiq, Vedat Onar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study has so far been the first attempt to characterize and quantify skull sexual variation in Kangal dog, by means of geometric morphometric techniques. A sample of 16 adult Kangal crania has been analyzed with this purpose. To obtain a full image of morphological pattern, digital pictures were taken from the ventral, left lateral, and dorsal sides of each skull, and a total of 16, 15, and 16 landmarks respectively were obtained on each image. Skull size and shape differed significantly in all aspects among different sexes, male skulls being bigger. Shape differences were observed mainly on zygomatic arch …

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