Digital Commons Network^™

Tripping Over The Other: Could Psychedelics Increase Empathy?, Emily Blatchford, Stephen Bright, Liam Engel

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

There is increasing evidence that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is effective for a range of psy-chological conditions. There are likely numerous mechanisms of action that contribute to these clinicaleffects. One such mechanism of action might involve psychedelics increasing levels of empathicfunctioning. This paper synthesises research concerning the relationship between psychedelics andempathy, emphasising neuroscientific and clinical contexts. We conclude that neuropsychological andclinical evidence imply psychedelics could lead to increased empathic functioning. The effects of psy-chedelics on the 5-HT system, default mode network, neural connectivity and ego dissolution areimplicated in these changes. Changes in empathic functioning also likely relate to increases in thepersonality trait …

Australian Muslim Citizens: Questions Of Inclusion And Exclusion, 2006 –2020, Nahid A. Kabir

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Muslims have a long history in Australia. In 2016, Muslims formed 2.6 per cent of the total Australian population. In this article, I will discuss Australian Muslims’ citizenship in two time periods, 2006–2018 and 2020. In the first period, I will examine Australian Muslims’ identity and sense of belonging, and whether their race or culture have any impact on their Australian citizenship. I will also discuss the political rhetoric concerning Australian Muslims. In the second period, 2020, I will examine Australian Muslims’ placement as returned travellers during the COVID-19 period. I conclude that, from 2006 to 2018, Islamophobia was rampant …

Correction To: Bilingualism Is Associated With A Delayed Onset Of Dementia But Not With A Lower Risk Of Developing It: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses, Stefano Brini, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Jeffrey J. Hebert, Mitchell R. L. Forrest, Matti Laine, Heikki Hämäläinen, Mira Karrasch, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Ralph N. Martins, Timothy J. Fairchild

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The original version of this article unfortunately contained the following mistakes. 1. In the Results section under the paragraph Disease Severity, the sentence “The PIs ranged between -0.47 and 0.57 MMSE points” should read -0.49 and 0.59 MMSE points. 2. In Figs. 3, 5, and 7, the labels “favour bilinguals” and “favours monolinguals” should be inverted. Therefore, it should be “favours monolinguals” and “favours bilinguals”. Please see below for the correct figures. © 2020, The Author(s).

The Implications Of The Non-Linguistic Modes Of Meaning For Language Learners In Science: A Review, Melanie Williams

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In response to the globally escalating number of language learners tasked with learning science through a foreign language, this review seeks to bring new perspectives by reframing research findings, still dominated by historical language assumptions, through a contemporary language lens. We aim to unearth, amalgamate and expose the potentials of non-linguistic modes described by the theory of multiliteracies that appear sporadic and fragmentary within studies due to their linguistic focus, as we surmise they offer language learners alternative avenues for meaning-making. 40 peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 1995 and 2019 were systematically found and examined using theoretical thematic analysis to …

The Emotional Business Of Noongar Song, Clint Bracknell

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This article explores connections between history, emotion and Aboriginal song in the south of Western Australia. Songs performed in the Noongar language in the 19th and early 20th centuries provide insight into the emotional worlds of Western Australia’s past. Historical documentation reveals how Noongar sang to deal with rapid changes associated with colonisation, with song acting as a conduit for cultural resilience. Today, the Noongar language is endangered, and few people remember the old songs. Community aspirations to claim, consolidate and enhance cultural heritage have driven a collaborative process of translating, interpreting and revitalising some of this repertoire. Listening to …

Summary Of Cancer Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

No abstract provided.

Should The Pbl Tutor Be Present? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Group Effectiveness In Synchronous And Asynchronous Settings, Samuel Edelbring, Siw Alehagen, Evalotte Mörelius, Annakarin Johansson, Patrik Rytterström

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: The tutorial group and its dynamics are a cornerstone of problem-based learning (PBL). The tutor's support varies according to the setting, and it is pertinent to explore group effectiveness in relation to different settings, for example online or campus-based. The PBL groups' effectiveness can partly be assessed in terms of cognitive and motivational aspects, using a self-report tool to measure PBL group effectiveness, the Tutorial Group Effectiveness Instrument (TGEI). This study's aim was to explore tutor participation in variations of online and campus-based tutorial groups in relation to group effectiveness. A secondary aim was to validate a tool for …

Visual Flight Into Instrument Meteorological Condition: A Post Accident Analysis, Ayiei Ayiei, John Murray, Graham Wild

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The phenomenon of encountering instrument meteorological conditions (IMCs) while operating an aircraft under visual flight rules (VFRs) remains a primary area of concern. Studies have established that pilots operating under VFRs that continue to operate under IMCs remains a significant cause of accidents in general aviation (GA), resulting in hundreds of fatalities. This research used the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) database, which contained a total of 196 VFR to IMC occurrences, from 2003 to 2019, with 26 having formal reports. An explanatory design was adopted, commencing with a qualitative study of the 26 occurrences with reports followed by a …

The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Apolipoprotein E Ε4 Carriage, And Brain Health, Jaisalmer De Frutos-Lucas, Pablo Cuesta, David López-Sanz, Africa Peral-Suárez, Esther Cuadrado-Soto, Federico Ramírez-Toraño, Belinda M. Brown, Juan M. Serrano, Simon M. Laws, Inmaculada C. Rodríguez-Rojo, Juan Verdejo-Román, Ricardo Bruña, Maria L. Delgado-Losada, Ana Barabash, Ana M. López-Sobaler, Ramon López-Higes, Alberto Marcos, Fernando Maestú

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: Neuronal hyperexcitability and hypersynchrony have been described as key features of neurophysiological dysfunctions in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Conversely, physical activity (PA) has been associated with improved brain health and reduced AD risk. However, there is controversy regarding whether AD genetic risk (in terms of APOE ε4 carriage) modulates these relationships. The utilization of multiple outcome measures within one sample may strengthen our understanding of this complex phenomenon. METHOD: The relationship between PA and functional connectivity (FC) was examined in a sample of 107 healthy older adults using magnetoencephalography. Additionally, we explored whether ε4 carriage modulates this association. …

The Role Of Virtual Reality In Improving Health Outcomes For Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Gordana Dermody, Lisa Whitehead, Graham Wilson, Courtney Glass

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Virtual reality (VR) delivered through immersive headsets creates an opportunity to deliver interventions to improve physical, mental, and psychosocial health outcomes. VR app studies with older adults have primarily focused on rehabilitation and physical function including gait, balance, fall prevention, pain management, and cognition. Several systematic reviews have previously been conducted, but much of the extant literature is focused on rehabilitation or other institutional settings, and little is known about the effectiveness of VR apps using immersive headsets to target health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults.

Objective:

The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of VR …

A Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial Investigating The Short-Term Effects Of Different Types Of Vegetables On Vascular And Metabolic Function In Middle-Aged And Older Adults With Mildly Elevated Blood Pressure: The Vegetables For Vascular Health (Vessel) Study Protocol, Emma Connolly, Catherine P. Bondonno, Marc Sim, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Kevin D. Croft, Mary C. Boyce, Anthony P. James, Karin Clark, Reindolf Anokye, Nicola P. Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Amanda Devine, Seng Khee Gan, Carl J. Schultz, Richard F. Mithen, Joshua Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is recommended for cardiovascular health. However, the majority of Australians do not consume the recommended number of vegetable servings each day. Furthermore, intakes of vegetables considered to have the greatest cardiovascular benefit are often very low. Results from prospective observational studies indicate that a higher consumption of cruciferous vegetables (e.g. broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower) is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. This may be due to the presence of specific nutrients and bioactive compounds found almost exclusively, or at relatively high levels, in cruciferous vegetables. Therefore, the aim of this randomised controlled crossover trial …

Summary Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Status 2019, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Summary of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health status 2019 (Summary) provides a brief and current overview of the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia in a plain language and visual style. The Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet has prepared the Summary as part of our contribution to support those in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander workforce and those participating in research and working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and their communities...

Summary Of Tobacco Use Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Summary of tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is a plain language publication that provides summarised and updated information from the Review of tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples(2020). It provides key information about tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in a style that is easy to engage with and is particularly useful for health workers and those studying in the field as a quick source of general information about:

• the context of tobacco use and how common tobacco use is
• how smoking affects health
• the burden of disease …

Putting The Entrepreneur Back Into Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, Andrei Alexander Lux, Flavio Romero Macau, Kerry Brown

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose

This paper extends entrepreneurial ecosystems theory by testing how aspects of the local business environment affect individual entrepreneurs' ability to translate their personal resources into firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 223 business owners across Australia. Moderation hypotheses were tested using multiple hierarchical regression and confirmed with the Preacher and Hayes (2004) bootstrapping method.

Findings

The results show that business owners' psychological capital, social capital and entrepreneurial education directly affect their individual firm performance. These positive relations are moderated by specific aspects of the business environment, such that they are stronger when the environment is more favorable.

Originality/value …

Summary Of Respiratory Diseases Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Children, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Summary of respiratory diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children is a plain language publication that provides summarised and updated information from the Review of respiratory diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children published by the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet in 2018. The Summaryis useful for health workers and those studying in the field as a quick source of information about respiratory diseases among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. It focuses on:

• factors contributing to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children's respiratory diseases
• how common acute and chronic respiratory diseases are
• prevention and management of …

Summary Of Cardiovascular Health Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This Summary describes different types of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and how common they are among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It highlights the differences in how groups of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people – such as women and men, or older and younger people – experience CVD. It describes some improvements in the cardiovascular health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It also gives examples of the many good things that are being done on the ground to prevent illness and improve CVD care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Explaining Lecture Attendance Behavior Via Structural Equation Modeling: Self-Determination Theory And The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Ross C. Hollett, Gilles E. Gignac, Shinae Milligan, Paul Chang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Some research suggests that university lecture attendance positively correlates with academic performance. Although there are several motivational pathways which may explain attendance, few studies have examined the psychosocial factors leading to student attendance intentions and behavior. Consequently, we evaluated via structural equation modeling (SEM) two prominent motivational theories to help explain lecture attendance: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Undergraduates (N = 288) from two universities completed pre-semester motivation measurements and post-semester estimates of attendance. Student grades were also examined. SDT was not found to be an accurate model of attendance intentions or behavior. By …

Summary Of Methamphetamine Use Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Summary of methamphetamine use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is a plain language publication that provides summarised and updated information from the Review of methamphetamine use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people(2019). It provides key information about methamphetamine use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in a style that is easy to engage with. It is particularly useful for health workers and those studying in the field as a quick source of general information about:

• the physical and mental impacts of methamphetamine
• historical and social factors of use
• how common methamphetamine use is …

Cross-Sectional Survey Of Sleep Practices Of Australian University Students, Rachel Batten, Katrina Liddiard, Annette J. Raynor, Cary A. Brown, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background and Aim: Sleep insufficiency is often associated with the life of a university student, yet it is well known that inadequate sleep can have a negative impact on physical and mental health and be detrimental to cognitive skills for learning. The aim of this study was to replicate a Canadian study to survey university student sleep practices, the way in which students address any sleep issues, and the students’ preferred method to receive targeted sleep information. Methods: An anonymous on-line survey was promoted to all enrolled students at one Australian University in August 2017. Results: In total, 601 students …

Long-Term Strength Adaptation: A 15-Year Analysis Of Powerlifting Athletes, Christopher Latella, Wei-Peng Teo, Jemima Spathis, Daniel Van Den Hoek

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Strength is a fundamental component of athletic performance and development. This investigation examined the long-term strength development of powerlifting (PL) athletes. The rate of strength gain/day was assessed in 1897 PL athletes (F = 626, M = 1,271) over a 15-year period (2003–2018). Independent T-tests explored sex differences in baseline absolute (kg) and relative strength (kg·body mass⁻¹ [bm]) recorded from the first competition, and strength gain/day (kg·d⁻¹). Analyses based on initial strength quartiles were conducted using one-way analysis of variances with significance set at p < 0.05. Bivariate correlational analysis tested for relationships between strength gain/day and baseline strength, the number of competitions, and mean days between competitions. Males had greater absolute (M: 513.3 ± 99.8 kg, F: 289.4 ± 55.7 kg, p < 0.001) and relative (M: 5.89 ± 1.04 kg·bm⁻¹, F: 4.27 ± 0.85 kg·bm⁻¹, p < 0.001) strength at baseline. Overall, strength gain/day (F: 0.12 ± 0.69 kg·d^{−1 …}

Sport Coaches As Policy Actors: An Investigation Of The Interpretation And Enactment Of Disability And Inclusion Policy In Swimming In Victoria Australia, Andrew M. Hammond, Dawn Penney, Ruth Jeanes

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper draws upon education policy sociology, and sport coaching literature, in critically examining sport coaches as policy actors. Stephen Ball and colleagues’ conceptualisation of different policy actor positions and roles provided the framework for research that investigated how eight professional swimming coaches in Victoria, Australia, interpreted and enacted disability and inclusion policy. A discourse analysis of semi-structured interviews with the eight coaches reveals the complexities associated with how and why different coaches interpret and enact disability and inclusion policy imperatives in different ways in their specific club contexts. Data are presented that shows coaches adopting multiple and hybrid policy …

Sport Event Sponsorship Management From The Sponsee’S Perspective, Ashlee Morgan, Tracy Taylor, Daryl Adair

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Sponsorship plays a critical role in the delivery of major sport events. To date, the majority of sponsorship research has focused on the sponsors’ perspective or consumer responses. Drawing upon brand alliance literature and relationship marketing theory, this paper discusses learnings from the management of sponsor-sponsee relationships at a major sport event. We provide insights from the sponsee (i.e., the event) perspective: this is intended to further our understanding of relationship management in the context of event sponsorship, as well as providing practical information for both event industry and sport industry practitioners. This case study produced three main findings in …

The Effect Of Switching Cost And Product Return Management On Repurchase Intent: A Case Study In The B2b Distribution Channel Context In Indonesia, Stanley Utomo Lesmono, Thomas Santoso, Serli Wijaya, Ferry Jie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Business-to-Business (B2B) market normally deals with fewer customers; thus it creates a close relationship between customers and sellers. This relationship must be managed in a way so that it can encourage customer willingness to purchase again. As such, switching cost risk will become less as the customers keep buying from the same channel. At the same time, good return management system also plays an important role for stimulating re-purchase intent in addition to other factors such as customer satisfaction and customer value. This study aimed to analyse the effect of switching cost and product return management on re-purchase intent with …

Rehabilitation Strategies Following Oesophagogastric And Hepatopancreaticobiliary Cancer (Restore Ii): A Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Linda O'Neill, Emer Guinan, Suzanne Doyle, Deirdre Connolly, Jacintha O'Sullivan, Annemarie Bennett, Grainne Sheill, Ricardo Segurado, Peter Knapp, Ciaran Fairman, Charles Normand, Justin Geoghegan, Kevin Conlon, John V. Reynolds, Juliette Hussey

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Curative treatment for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) and hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) cancers, involves complex surgical resection often in combination with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemo/chemoradiotherapy. With advancing survival rates, there is an emergent cohort of UGI and HPB cancer survivors with physical and nutritional deficits, resultant from both the cancer and its treatments. Therefore, rehabilitation to counteract these impairments is required to maximise health related quality of life (HRQOL) in survivorship. The initial feasibility of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for UGI survivors was established in the Rehabilitation Strategies following Oesophago-gastric Cancer (ReStOre) feasibility study and pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). ReStOre II will now …

Do Paramedics Have A Professional Obligation To Work During A Pandemic? A Qualitative Exploration Of Community Member Expectations, Cameron Anderson, Julie Ann Pooley, Brennen Mills, Emma Anderson, Erin Smith

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives:

Previous research has identified a lack of clarification regarding paramedic professional obligation to work. Understanding community expectations of paramedics will provide some clarity around this issue. The objective of this research was to explore the expectations of a sample of Australian community members regarding the professional obligation of paramedics to respond during pandemics.

Methods:

The authors used qualitative methods to gather Australian community member perspectives immediately before the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Focus groups were used for data collection, and a thematic analysis was conducted.

Results:

The findings revealed 9 key themes: context of obligation …

Are Negative Beliefs About Psychosis Associated With Emotional Distress In Adults And Young People With Such Experiences? A Meta-Analysis, Esmira Ropaj, Andrew Jones, Joanne Dickson, Zabina Gill, Peter J. Taylor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Psychological Society Objective: Emotional distress, including depression and anxiety, is commonly reported amongst individuals experiencing psychosis. The beliefs individuals hold about the meaning of their psychosis may explain the distress they experience. The current meta-analysis aimed to review the association between beliefs about psychosis experiences and emotional distress. Method: Three electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched using keywords and controlled vocabulary (e.g., Medical Subject Headings) from date of inception to August 2019. A total of 19 …

Clinical Oncology Society Of Australia: Position Statement On Cancer-Related Malnutrition And Sarcopenia, Nicole Kiss, Jenelle Loeliger, Merran Findlay, Elizabeth Isenring, Brenton J. Baguley, Anna Boltong, Alexis Butler, Irene Deftereos, Michelle Eisenhuth, Steve F. Fraser, Rebecca Fichera, Hayley Griffin, Sandi Hayes, Emily Jeffery, Catherine Johnson, Chris Lomma, Barbara Van Der Meij, Carolyn Mcintyre, Tracey Nicholls, Lina Pugliano, Tina Skinner, Jane Stewart, Judy Bauer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Nutrition & Dietetics published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Dietitians Australia. This position statement describes the recommendations of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) regarding management of cancer-related malnutrition and sarcopenia. A multidisciplinary working group completed a review of the literature, focused on evidence-based guidelines, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, to develop recommendations for the position statement. National consultation of the position statement content was undertaken through COSA members. All people with cancer should be screened for malnutrition and sarcopenia in all health settings at diagnosis and as the clinical situation …

Finding The Familiar In The Strange: Transcultural Learning As Rihla رحلة At An Australian University, T. Dobinson, Maggie Mcalinden, P. Mercieca, T. Bogachenko

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Diverse university campuses present an ideal context for fostering transcultural learning. Despite the potential that this diversity presents, universities in Australia have yet to make use of this opportunity. The pilot study described here investigates an informal learning experience created by the hosting of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) funded Arab Film Festival Australia (AFFA) on an Australian university campus. By imagining and exploring new ways in which universities can encourage transcultural learning and bring students and academics together, this …

Towards An Improved Intuitive Interface For Remotely Operated Vehicles, Andre Chia, Cheslav Balash

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Currently joysticks are used for ROVs’ interface, though they prove to be tedious and there have been cases of severe damage to the vehicle and subsea architecture due to operator fatigue and attention loss. There is anecdotal evidence to suggest that the ease of manoeuvring with a more intuitive interface design would minimise these damage risks and psychological pressures related to operation. In this study we explored options for a more intuitive physical modality of ROV's interface. Specifically, we modelled alternative controllers and their operating functions in a 3D environment to provide insight on how they could be …

Making Meaning Of Being Bereaved By Suicide: An Everyday Experience, Colleen Carlon

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This autoethnography explores the experience of societal meanings of suicide from the perspective of people bereaved by suicide. The research focuses on three autoethnographic stories of everyday experiences in which personal meaning making and societal meanings of suicide intersect in contemporary Australian settings. Personal perspectives are positioned alongside broader discussions of suicide taboo to consider the implications for agency and meaning making. Key differences between conventional notions of stigma and structural stigma, and ways in which suicide taboo influences meaning making for people bereaved by suicide are explored. The paper proposes a recasting of action previously framed as internalised stigma …