Digital Commons Network^™

Definition And Characteristics Of Behavioral Medicine, And Main Tasks And Goals Of The International Society Of Behavioral Medicine—An International Delphi Study, Joost Dekker, Marie Amitami, Anne H. Berman, Helen Brown, Bryan Cleal, Maria João Figueiras, Lila J. Finney Rutten, Egil A. Fors, Konstadina Griva, Jing Gu, Chris Keyworth, Maria Kleinstäuber, Claas Lahmann, Joseph T.F. Lau, Bernd Leplow, Li Li, Hanna Malmberg Gavelin, Ricarda Mewes, Phoenix K.H. Mo, Barbara Mullan, Frank J. Penedo, Judith Prins, Teresa Rodríguez Rodríguez, Sharon A. Simpson, Adrienne Stauder, Martti T. Tuomisto, Deborah Jones Weiss, Urs M. Nater

All Works

© 2020, The Author(s). Background: In the past decades, behavioral medicine has attained global recognition. Due to its global reach, a critical need has emerged to consider whether the original definition of behavioral medicine is still valid, comprehensive, and inclusive, and to reconsider the main tasks and goals of the International Society of Behavioral Medicine (ISBM), as the umbrella organization in the field. The purpose of the present study was to (i) update the definition and scope of behavioral medicine and its defining characteristics; and (ii) develop a proposal on ISBM’s main tasks and goals. Method: Our study used the …

Bell V. The Hershey Co, Eastern District Of New York

Historical and Topical Legal Documents

No abstract provided.

Gastroschisis, Rebecca M. Rentea, Vikas Gupta

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Gastroschisis is a paraumbilical, full-thickness abdominal wall defect associated with protrusion of the bowel through the defect. It is rarely associated with genetic conditions. A membrane does not cover the bowel exposed in utero and, as a result, may be matted, dilated, and covered with a fibrinous inflammatory rind. Infants have a high proportion of intrauterine growth restriction. Diagnosis is often made on the 20-week ultrasound with free-floating bowel loops in the uterine cavity. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is elevated in pregnancies with gastroschisis. Compared with other abdominal wall defects diagnosed prenatally such as omphalocele, only 10 percent of cases …

Ileal Atresia, Obiyo O. Osuchukwu, Rebecca M. Rentea

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Ileal and jejunal atresias are usually described together as jejunoileal atresia (JIA). JIA is a common cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates. It is seen in 1 in 5000 to 1 in 14000 live births. Intestinal atresia can occur in any location on the small bowel as a solitary or even multiple lesions. Distally located atresia usually presents with delayed symptoms compared to proximal ones. Occasionally, JIA is associated with other malformations such as cardiac anomalies, gastroschisis, and cystic fibrosis. Evaluation can be initiated before birth with prenatal diagnosis using ultrasound findings of evidence of intestinal obstruction reported in 29% …

A Simple Technique For The Management Of Refractory Gastrostomy Site Complications A Technical Innovation In Gastrostomy Tube Site Revision, Rebecca M. Rentea, Wendy Jo Svetanoff, Charlene Dekonenko, Courtney Pisano, Charles L. Snyder

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction

Longstanding gastrostomy sites are prone to leakage and excoriation secondary to protrusion of gastric mucosa into the tract, dilation of the site over time, and development of refractory granulation tissue. Surgical revision with creation of a new gastric and skin exit site can be difficult. We describe a technique to re-site a gastrostomy tube (GT) utilizing the existing GT site.

Materials and methods

For one patient with gastrostomy site refractory complications, we re-sited the GT using the existing site. A clamp was placed through the old GT site and was palpated through the abdominal wall. An incision over the …

#Science: The Potential And The Challenges Of Utilizing Social Media And Other Electronic Communication Platforms In Health Care., Violette Gijsen, Michele H. Maddux, Adam Lavertu, Graciela Gonzalez-Hernandez, Nilam Ram, Byron Reeves, Thomas Robinson, Victoria Ziesenitz, Valentina Shakhnovich, Russ Altman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Electronic communication is becoming increasingly popular worldwide, as evidenced by its widespread and rapidly growing use. In medicine, however, it remains a novel approach to reach out to patients. Yet, they have the potential for further improving current health care. Electronic platforms could support therapy adherence and communication between physicians and patients. The power of social media as well as other electronic devices can improve adherence as evidenced by the development of the app bant. Additionally, systemic analysis of social media content by Screenome can identify health events not always captured by regular health care. By better identifying these healthcare …

Torsion Of An Accessory Spleen In A Child With Biliary Atresia Splenic Malformation Syndrome., David A. Simon, Nathan R. Fleishman Md, Pamala Choi, Jason D. Fraser, Ryan T. Fischer

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Torsion of an accessory spleen is an exceedingly rare cause of abdominal pain in pediatric patients. The diagnosis is frequently challenging as presentation is variable and diagnostic imaging can be aspecific. The current case describes an unusual presentation of a torted accessory spleen in a 5-year-old girl with biliary atresia splenic malformation syndrome who initially presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms and fever. The diagnosis was made following fine-needle aspiration of a suspected intraabdominal abscess. The case highlights the diagnostic challenge of accessory splenic torsion and stresses the importance of its inclusion on the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients, especially those …

Notice And Choice Must Go: The Collective Control Alternative, Richard Warner

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

Over twenty years of criticism conclusively confirm that Notice and Choice results in, as the law professor Fred Cate puts it, “the worst of all worlds: privacy protection is not enhanced, individuals and businesses pay the cost of bureaucratic laws.” So why is it still the dominant legislative and regulatory approach to ensuring adequate informational privacy online? Recent implementations of Notice and Choice include the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation, and California’s Consumer Protection Privacy Act. There is a well-known alternative (advanced by Helen Nissenbaum and others) that sees informational privacy as arising from social norms that require conformity …

Whenever Possible, Treat The Cause: Shut Down The Flu Factories, Michael Greger

Animal Sentience

Over the last few decades -- and at a historically unprecedented rate -- hundreds of human pathogens have emerged, mostly from animals. The United Nations’ “Preventing the Next Pandemic” report blames increasing demand for animal protein and unsustainable agricultural intensification as two key drivers of the emergence of zoonotic threats. Animal agribusiness has become a viral disease incubator, but there is a clear path towards preventing the next pandemic as well as protecting planetary health: to reform the practice of raising domestic animals for food and to adopt eating habits that not only protect our health, but address …

Anthropogenic Suffering Of Farmed Animals: The Other Side Of Zoonoses, Jean-Jacques Kona-Boun

Animal Sentience

Wiebers & Feigin’s (W&F’s) target article warns of the zoonotic threat to human health from factory farming and urges phasing out meat production and consumption, for the benefit of both human and nonhuman animals. This commentary focuses on the physical and emotional suffering of farmed animals. This varies by species, production system and geographic location, but suffering is there throughout all stages of production — breeding, housing, transport, usage and slaughter. Ubiquitous monitoring of all facilities where farmed animals are kept, with surveillance cameras recording all phases of production would help reduce some forms of suffering. Other forms are caused …

Zoonotic Realism, Computational Cognitive Science And Pandemic Prevention, Tyler Davis, Molly E. Ireland, Jason Van Allen, Darrell A. Worthy

Animal Sentience

Using animals in food and food production systems is one of many drivers of novel zoonoses. Moving toward less dependence on animal proteins is a possible avenue for reducing pandemic risk, but we think that Wiebers & Feigin’s proposed change to food policy (phasing out animal meat production) is unrealistic in its political achievability and its current capacity to feed the world in a cost-effective and sustainable manner. We suggest that improvements in communication strategies, precipitated by developments in computational cognitive neuroscience, can lead the way to a safer future and are feasible now.

Bjc Today

BJC Today

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Diet On The Gut Microbiome, Kayla Wede

Health and Nutritional Sciences Graduate Students Plan B Capstone Projects

There is growing research that directly looks at the relationship between the human diet and the gut microbiome. This paper is a narrative review of the current literature on how the human diet can influence the gut microbiome. Without a healthy gut, bacterial imbalances can occur which have been linked to health complications. There are many factors that affect the gut microbiome such as diet, medications, and exercise. There is also limited research that looks at the macronutrients and their role in gut health. It is known that the type of food that people consume is a major influencer of …

The Efficacy Of Yoga As An Adjunctive Therapy To Standard Multidisciplinary Care In The Treatment Of Female Patients Presenting With Cognitive Eating Disorder Symptoms, Cassidy Nagle

Capstone Showcase

Introduction: Current treatment of patients exhibiting cognitive eating disorder symptoms is standard multidisciplinary care (SMDC) involving behavioral therapy, medical management and dietetics. Because these symptoms often persist or relapse despite treatment, research has begun to explore adjunctive therapies like yoga for this population. This review will explore seven studies in order to analyze the effect of yoga (I) on cognitive eating disorder symptoms (O) in teenage and adult females (P) when added to SMDC compared to symptom reduction with SMDC alone (C).

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Academic Search Ultimate and Google Scholar starting November 2018. Seven …

The Effect Of Whether The Viewing Of Healthy Foods In Advertisements Increases The Likelihood Of A Child Choosing Healthier Foods And Provide A Preventative Measure For Obesity, When Compared With Children Who View Unhealthy Food Advertisements, Rebecca Rochowiak

Capstone Showcase

Introduction: Childhood obesity has become an increasing problem in the US over the last decade. The long term consequences of childhood obesity include numerous comorbid conditions, increased need for medication in a younger population, and decreased quality of life for those children and young adults. Advertisements including those on television and those on internet computer games contribute to this rising epidemic in their push for children to continue consuming unhealthy fast food and other fatty unhealthy snacks. Recently some companies have tried to combat this and have developed healthier advertisements to attempt to sway children towards healthier food choices. …

Divisions In Healthy Living Gatekeeping Theory In Wellness Branding, Yasmeen Johnson

Capstone Showcase

The media industry has undergone many cosmetic changes in the past decade. In that time, the transition from print to a predominantly digital age revealed different and diverse target markets. In the quest to reach specific needs, some markets are ignored by brands. Many businesses have taken advantage of the wellness industry boom in recent years. Boosted by the influence of social media, a healthy lifestyle is reimagined as one filled with luxury. Proper wellness is as simple as choosing water over soda, but today's wellness branding portrays the opposite. It now consists of intercontinental retreats and unpronounceable foods, and …

Assessing The Feasibility Of Machine Learning To Predict Chronic Pain In Adolescence, Max A. Kramer

Honors Papers

"Chronic pain affects between 15 to 40% of adolescents worldwide. The impact and prevalence of chronic pain can be felt every day in terms of missed school days, strained familial relationships, and financial stress. While rehabilitation programs specifically designed for chronic pain management exist, they cannot always adapt to the idiosyncratic nature of chronic pain. Machine learning presents a framework to use diary data from individuals in pain and make predictions about the trajectories of their pain and related functioning. This study's goal is to assess the feasibility of using machine learning to predict pain and functioning by constructing, training, …

The Study Of Parental Educational Investment In Left-Behind Children In China, Zilin (Kelley) Zhong

Honors Papers

This paper studies the effect of lengths of separation between parents and child on the amount of tuition paid for children in China, using the China Family Panel Survey data from 2010, 2012 and 2014. It also studies the factors that affect tuition for rural left-behind children in China such as children's preferences for education, children's characteristics, parents' reasons to give birth, and teacher attributes, with provinces and year fixed effects. I found that mothers or fathers who live with their children for 2 to 4 months in the past year pay statistically significantly more tuition than fathers or mothers …

The Effects Of Fertilizer Rate On The Growth Of Egyptian Spinach In A Greenhouse, Michelle Mbia, Eric Obeng, Aruna Weerasooriya, Peter Ampim

Pursue: Undergraduate Research Journal

Egyptian spinach (Corchorus olitorius, L.) is an annual herb and a popular vegetable grown in the dry, semi-arid and humid regions of Africa. It belongs to the American basswood family and is very nutritious, and known to have medicinal properties as well. Introducing Egyptian spinach as a specialty crop in Texas requires examining and determining the best cultural practices needed for its successful production. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of three nitrogen fertilizer rates on the growth of Egyptian spinach grown under greenhouse conditions. We hypothesized that the yield of Egyptian spinach will …

Biological Pathways Associated With Wild And Domestic Animals, Cayla Steemer, Laura Carson, Jim Hu, Gloria Regisford

Pursue: Undergraduate Research Journal

Background: Zoonotic diseases are problematic, in that, they impact both wild and domestic animals alike. Thus, there is a need to investigate the genomes of wild and domestic. Gene ontology (GO) is a major bioinformatics initiative, whereby descriptions of gene products across the database are developed and unified to describe all species. This process is performed by biocurators, who gather, annotate, and validate information on the databases, consequently affording easy access to accurate and updated data. In this study, we investigated the biocuration of two biological processes, DNA integration, which is used for DNA coding, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) …

Damn It! A Conversation On Being Black, Female, And Marginalized During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Is The World Listening? A Conversation Between Black Female Law Professors, Patricia A. Broussard

Journal Publications

We are African American women with a combined forty-four years in academia. We are professors of law and have seen firsthand how COVID-19 has ravaged African Americans across this country. As we conversed with one another in the Spring of 2020 about what we were witnessing, we began to look through the spectrum of the law and discrimination, and how this novel Coronavirus is laying bare the inequities and inequalities that have been evident for hundreds of years in the Black community. We felt compelled to put pen to paper and document our conversations in an attempt to give a …

Blood Substitution Therapy Rescues The Brain Of Mice From Ischemic Damage, Xuefang Ren, Heng Hu, Imran Farooqi, James W. Simpkins

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Acute stroke causes complex, pathological, and systemic responses that have not been treatable by any single medication. In this study, using a murine transient middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model, a novel therapeutic strategy is proposed, where blood replacement (BR) robustly reduces infarctions and improves neurological deficits in mice. Our analyses of immune cell subsets suggest that BR therapy substantially decreases neutrophils in blood following a stroke. Electrochemiluminescence detection demonstrates that BR therapy reduces cytokine storm in plasma and ELISA demonstrates reduced levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the plasma and brains at different time points post-stroke. Further, we have …

Prenatal Vitamin Use In Rhode Island According To Women, Infants, And Children (Wic) Participation, Allisa Georgio

Open Access Master's Theses

Objectives: To examine prenatal vitamin (PNV) use between women who participate in The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and pregnant women who do not participate in WIC. The secondary objective is to explore associations between PNV use and sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of Rhode Island pregnant women 18 years of age or older. Women were recruited from WIC offices, OB-GYN offices, and pregnant women known to the research team. All women that participated in the study completed an anonymous 21-question survey in-person …

Dietary Contributors To Food Group Intake In Preschool Children Attending Family Childcare Homes, Andrea Ramirez-Sanabria

Open Access Master's Theses

Statement of the Problem: Exposing preschool aged children to a variety of healthy food is essential for the development of healthy eating patterns. Therefore, ensuring healthy environments are necessary. This includes Family Childcare Homes (FCCH), a specific type of childcare in which non-relative providers care for the children in their own home. Unfortunately, during childcare, children are not meeting recommendations for fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low-fat milk; and on the contrary, are consuming too many sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juice and energy-dense snacks. Most studies have been conducted in childcare centers, and even though FCCH provide care for nearly 2 …

Dietary And Supplemental Magnesium Intake During Pregnancy And Its Association With Gestational Diabetes, Celia Palmer

Open Access Master's Theses

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent and growing epidemic that affected 8.2% of births in 2016 in the United States. Previous studies have shown that low magnesium (Mg) is associated with type II diabetes (T2DM), and the pathophysiology of GDM and T2DM is similar.

Objective: To determine if low total Mg intake is associated with the risk of having GDM.

Design: We did a cross-sectional secondary data analysis using data from the 2005-2007 Infant Feeding Practices Study II which used a validated diet history questionnaire to collect dietary data. We analyzed total Mg intake from 1217 pregnant women …

Interactions Between Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Eastern Hemlock, And Gypsy Moth, Ian Gerard Kinahan

Open Access Master's Theses

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a canopy-dominant conifer native to the eastern U.S., is currently threatened with extirpation by the invasive stylet-feeding hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). To understand interactions between eastern hemlock and hemlock woolly adelgid, and their interactions with other forest defoliators, we carried out two experiments.

First, in 2018, we evaluated the impact of feeding by hemlock woolly adelgid on gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larval preference for, and performance on, eastern hemlock. To assess preference, we surveyed 245 field-grown hemlocks for gypsy moth herbivory damage and conducted laboratory paired-choice bioassays. To assess …

Examining The Associations Between Lean Mass, Muscular Strength, Muscle Quality And Physical Function, Sydney Reigle

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: The determinants of physical function are not well characterized among middle-aged women. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the strength of the associations between lean mass, muscular strength, muscle quality, and physical functional ability in a cohort of middle-aged women. The secondary aim was to determine the measure of muscle quality most highly associated with measures of physical function.

Methods: Middle-aged women (N=111, age, 53.14 ±6.15 years) had body composition (via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), physical activity (via accelerometer), and physical function (via Transfer Task (TRANSFER), 30-Second Chair Stand (30-CS), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), …

Construction And Validation Of A Video Coding Tool For An Intervention To Improve Parental Feeding, Margaret Doyle Samson

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: This study describes the development and initial validation of a video coding tool to assess feeding practices observed in video-recorded family meals in order to provide feedback to caregivers. Methods: The tool with operational definitions was developed based on the previous literature and other tools that capture caregiver feeding practices. To assess face validity, a sample of child feeding experts (n=6) completed an 8-item online survey about content and usability. The tool was modified based on expert feedback and used to code 10 video-recorded family meals. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to determine inter-rater and test …

Associations Of Weight Dissatisfaction On Diet Quality, Percent Body Fat, And Physical Activity In College Students, Kelsey Mcnulty

Open Access Master's Theses

Statement of the Problem: As overweight and obesity rates continue to rise in the United States (U.S.), the social pressure to fit an impractical ideal body weight and image influences the satisfaction college-aged students have of themselves and can lead to higher body weight dissatisfaction (BWD). An increase in BWD has been associated with poorer dietary habits, such as lower intake of nutrient-dense foods like fruits and vegetables, excessive or lacking physical activity, as well as higher body mass index (BMI) and higher percent body fat (%BF). Since BWD has been determined as a contributor to increased risk of disordered …

The Development And Evaluation Of Transgenic Sorghum Lines For Conferred Phenotypes, Jiayin Liu

Open Access Master's Theses

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) requires minimally 9-months from wild type immature embryo explants to T0 seeds. More efficient methods for sorghum transformation are necessary to conduct routine transgenesis for genome editing purposes in this important crop. With this in mind, there were two primary objectives to this thesis. The first was to evaluate and possibly improve upon methods for characterizing putative transformants once produced through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of sorghum. The second was to evaluate and possibly improve upon transformation efficiencies in sorghum using an available Cas9 construct that would provide, long-term, a platform in …